DE102015205846B4 - drive system - Google Patents

Abstract

A drive system of a train set to which phase difference control is applied, the drive system comprising:a plurality of main transformers (2) for stepping down an AC electric power supplied from a catenary;a plurality of converters (11) for converting the AC electric power supplied by the main transformers ( 2) into a DC electric power; a plurality of inverters (13) for converting the DC electric power supplied from the converters (11) into an AC electric power; a plurality of main electric motors (4) driven by the AC electric power supplied from supplied to the inverters (13) are to be driven; and a plurality of power converters (1) each consisting of one of said converters (11) and one of said inverters (13), wherein in the phase difference control a phase difference between the power converters (1) of the main transformers (2) containing more than one power converter (1). , and introducing a phase difference between the main transformers (2), characterized in that the drive system further comprises an onboard controller which counts the number of units of power converters (1) operating based on a threshold limit of electric current from a catenary reduced, and the on-board controller stops all power converters (1) of a main transformer (2) when it has more than one power converter (1) when the power converters (1) are reduced.

Description

field of invention

The invention relates to a drive system for a train set, which is equipped with a power converter.

Background of the Invention

A train formed using train cars and to which an inverter drive system using a power converter is applied has been popular recently. In general, the power converter used in an inverter drive system has an arrangement in which a converter for converting AC to DC is used. For the converter, a PWM converter employing PWM is widely used, the PWM converter being composed of bridge-connected diodes, each of the diodes having a switching element of a self-turn-off type connected in anti-parallel thereto.

When performing a switching operation in the PWM converter, harmonics centered on a frequency that is an integer multiple of a carrier frequency (hereinafter referred to as "integer harmonics") appear on the power supply side of the PWM converter. In the case of a train on which a large number of PWM converters are mounted, the integer harmonics are multiplexed with the number corresponding to the number of PWM converter units, and these harmonics appear on the power supply side, thereby improving the operation of a affecting infrastructure such as a signal, etc.

In the case of a drive system with a large number of railcars coupled thereto, using a converter in each of the railcars, the system is operated with a phase difference in the carrier which among the several units, each of which is constituted by a PWM converter, which is provided on the secondary winding side of a transformer for receiving a single-phase electric power from a catenary, between transformers for receiving electric power from the catenary, and between the assemblies, respectively, to reduce the generated harmonics. In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication JP H07-308 004 A
it has been disclosed that the occurrence of integer harmonics is controlled by using a carrier phase difference operation.

Since the maximum electric power supply of a sub-station has a threshold limit when starting operation of a train, when all power converters in the formed train are operated at the maximum output power, it causes a catenary current due to the case where the threshold limit of the sub-station has been exceeded is restricted, etc., resulting in the case where the control of the power converters in the formation is changed. In the case where a train to which the carrier phase difference operation is applied is in the above state, if the control of the power converters in the train composition is changed without considering the phase difference control in order to meet the threshold limit of the catenary current, a relationship in the phase difference between various equipment is set to control the occurrence of the integer harmonics, and it is assumed that the harmonic component on the power supply side will increase.

However, Patent Document 1 does not consider how to deal with the case where the relationship in the phase difference is no longer valid. As a result, an increased harmonic frequency on the power supply side and a frequency of an infrastructure signal overlap each other, increasing a risk of adversely affecting actions of the infrastructure.

In eb-Elektrische Bahnen 99 (2001) 1-2, page 12, "Permissible upper currents", the significance of the restrictions on upper currents is explained.

DE 10 2012 205 215 A1 describes a power management device for a rail vehicle, which has a plurality of consumer units, which each include one or more electrical consumers and are supplied by a plurality of power supply units. In order to adapt a power management strategy to a variable train composition, it is proposed that the power management device have a set of local power management units, each of which is assigned to at least one consumer unit, and a vehicle-wide power management device, which during operation receives performance data from the power supply units and for data communication with the local Performance management units is provided at least on the basis of the performance data.

DE 198 30 655 Alb describes a method for controlling power converters, which have controllable valves and by means of a carrier signal synchronized with the mains voltage and a Control voltage are clocked, which is characterized in that the phase angle of the carrier signal is shifted by an angle to the phase angle of the mains voltage fundamental and that the offset of the phase angle is determined as a function of the instantaneous values of selected parameters that can be changed twice and is therefore variable over time.

the U.S. 5,642,020 A describes an electric vehicle controller for a plurality of vehicles connected in series to form a formation, comprising: a plurality of controllers each provided for one of the plurality of vehicles, each of the controllers comprising: a PWM -Converter means for receiving a first AC voltage through a pantograph and a transformer from an AC overhead line and for converting the first AC voltage into a DC voltage using a PWM carrier wave, an inverter connected to the DC terminals of the PWM converter means to convert the DC voltage into to convert a second AC voltage, and an electric motor connected to the AC terminals of the inverter (INV) to be driven by the second AC voltage. JP H07-308 004 A describes an electric vehicle. This is equipped with several electric motors for driving electric vehicles and an electric motor controller for controlling the electric motors.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for selecting a power converter whose control is to be changed in the case of changing the control of a power converter while controlling an increase in a harmonic component on a power supply side.

Summary of the Invention

The object is solved by the invention according to patent claims 1 and 3. Patent claim 2 shows a preferred further development.

By applying the present invention, it becomes possible to control an increase in the harmonic component on the power supply side even if the control of the power converter is changed in the case where a trolley wire current is restricted.

character list

• 1 Fig. 14 is a view illustrating an example of a train composition to which phase difference control is applied;
• 2 Fig. 14 is a view for describing an apparatus in which selection is performed according to the present invention;
• 3 FIG. 12 is a view for describing a generation state of a harmonic centered on a frequency that is an integral multiple of a carrier frequency in an example of the lattice of FIG 1 , to which phase difference control is applied;
• 4 Fig. 12 is a view for describing a method of selecting operable power converter units according to the present invention;
• 5 Fig. 14 is a view for describing the generation state of harmonics in the case where the selection method according to the present invention is applied to an example of the train composition to which the phase difference control is applied (case (1));
• 6 Fig. 14 is a view for describing the generation state of harmonics in the case where the selection method according to the present invention is applied to an example of the train composition to which the phase difference control is applied (case (2));
• 7 Fig. 14 is a view for describing the generation state of harmonics in the case where the selection method according to the present invention is not applied to an example of the train composition to which the phase difference control is applied;
• 8th Fig. 14 is a view for describing a method of selecting the power converter, which is another method according to the present invention;
• 9 Fig. 14 is a view for describing the generation state of harmonics in the case where the other method according to the present invention is applied as a selection method to an example of the train composition to which the phase difference control is applied; and
• 10 Fig. 13 is a view for describing the generation state of integer harmonics in a train consist in which the consist of two groups of the converters.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

1 14 is a view illustrating an example of a train consist (hereinafter referred to as “consist”) to which phase difference control is applied. At the in 1 The train shown consists of nine carriages, which are the carriages numbered 2, 3, 5, 7, 8 as railcars (carriages in which the power converter is installed) and the carriages numbered 1, 4, 6, 9 cars as sidecars (cars in which no power converter is mounted).

A power converter in which three elements (a converter, an inverter and a filter capacitor) are mounted is mounted in the railcar together with a main electric motor. Furthermore, a pantograph and a main transformer are mounted in each of the cars 1, 4 and 9. In addition, a propulsion system having means to control the power converter is mounted in the formation.

The propulsion system mounted in the formation is hereinafter referred to 2 described. The onboard controller is provided with means for deciding the number of operable power converter units based on the threshold limit of the catenary current supplied to the onboard controller, and with means for selecting a power converter to be operated based on the number of operable Select power converter units and association information equipped. The consist information includes the number of cars constituting the train consist, information about the provided equipment, a running time, a running speed between stations, etc.

With reference to 3 is a generation state of low-order harmonics in the lattice of hereinafter 1 , to which phase difference control is applied, will be described. In the case of executing the phase difference control by introducing a 90° phase difference in carrier between the power converters provided in the respective main transformers of the cars 1, 9, a 45° phase difference in carrier between the respective main transformers of the cars 1, 9 and a 22.5° phase difference in the carrier between the respective main transformers of cars 1, 4 as well as between the respective main transformers of cars 4, 9 will cause frequency components, each of which points to a frequency component 2fs at a frequency twice as high as is a carrier frequency, are centered, have a 180° phase difference between them and therefore cancel each other. Furthermore, frequency components each centered on a frequency component 4fs at a frequency four times the carrier frequency will also cancel each other and a frequency component 8fs, ie a frequency component at a frequency eight times the carrier frequency is will occur on the power supply side.

The frequency component 8fs at the frequency eight times the carrier frequency is reduced due to the 22.5° phase difference between the respective main transformers of the car 4 and the car 1 and between the respective main transformers of the car 4 and the car 9. However, since both the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice the carrier frequency and the frequency component 4fs at the frequency four times the carrier frequency generated by the carriage 5 cannot be canceled, Both the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice the carrier frequency and the frequency component 4fs at the frequency four times the carrier frequency generated by the power converter of the car 5 will appear on the power supply side .

Referring to steps (1) to (6) in 4 describes the means for selecting a power converter to be operated based on the number of operable power converter units and the association information.

In the step (1) of the processing, the number of operable power converter units is compared with the number of power converter units that are currently in operation and when the formula "the number of operable power converter units ≥ the number of power converter units that are currently in operation" is satisfied is the selection is complete, and if not then processing proceeds to step (2).

When a main transformer provided with only one power converter unit exists in the association in step (2), the only one power converter unit provided in the main transformer is stopped in step (3).

On the other hand, when no main transformer provided with only one power converter unit exists in the step (2), all power converters in respective units consisting of the power converters provided in the main transformer are processed in the step (4). stopped.

In the step (5), after the processing in the steps (3), (4), a check is made as to whether the present electric car capacity is sufficient compared to the electric car capacity necessary for the operation of the train or not. When the present electric car capability is sufficient, the processing returns to step (1) again.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the electric car performance is insufficient, all the power converters that have been stopped in the immediately preceding steps (3), (4) are operated in the step (6). Then, the electric car characteristics of the power converters currently in operation are changed in such a way that they satisfy the threshold limit of the catenary current, which completes the selection.

In the train composition having an arrangement as described above, when the number of operable power converter units depending on the threshold limit of the catenary current is three, a selection flow in the case of employing a selection method according to the present invention is hereinafter referred to 4 described.

In step (1), the number of power conversion units currently in operation is five, which is larger than the number of operable power conversion units, which is three, and therefore the processing proceeds to step (2).

In the step (2), the case "a main transformer provided with only one power converter unit exists in the formation" is described, and the main transformer of the car 4 is relevant thereto and the processing therefore proceeds to the step (3) and the power converter of the car 5 is stopped.

The processing proceeds to step (5), and when it is determined that the present electric car performance is determined to be sufficient regarding “the electric car performance is sufficient”, the processing returns to step (1) again.

In step (1), the number of power conversion units currently in operation is four, which is larger than the number of operable power conversion units, which is three, and therefore the processing proceeds to step (2).

Since no main transformer provided with only one power converter unit exists in the association in step (2), the processing proceeds to step (4).

In the step (4), the case "main transformer where the number of power converter units provided in the main transformer is the smallest" is described and since the respective main transformers of the cars 1, 9 are each provided with two power converter units, i.e. of are identical in number, the respective main transformers of the carriages 1, 9 are relevant and therefore each of the carriages 1, 9 can be selected. In the present embodiment, the carriage 9 is selected and therefore the respective power converters of the carriages 7 and 8 provided in the main transformer of the carriage 9 are stopped in the case of "stopping all power converters of the main transformer in which the number of power converter units which provided in the main transformer is smallest”.

The processing proceeds to step (5), and when it is determined that the electric car performance is sufficient, the processing returns to step (1) again.

In the step (1), the number of the power converter units currently in operation is two, which is less than three, i. H. the number of operable power converter units, which therefore completes the selection. As a result of the selection, the respective power converters of the cars 5, 7, 8 are stopped.

The generation state of the low-order harmonics in the case where the selection is made as described above is described below with reference to FIG 5 described. The frequency components each centered on the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice the carrier frequency fs will have a 180° phase difference between them due to the phase difference in the carrier between the carriages 2, 3 and cancel each other therefore off while the frequency component 4fs at the frequency four times as high as the carrier frequency fs will appear as the lowest frequency component on the power supply side.

Next, the case where in the process step "Is the electric car performance sufficient?" in the step (5) subsequent to the steps (1) →(2) →(3) →(5) →( 1) →(2) →(4) in the selection process described above, it is determined that the electric car performance is insufficient. When it is determined in the step "Is the electric car performance sufficient?" that the electric car performance is not sufficient, the processing proceeds to step (6).

In the present embodiment, since the respective power converters of the cars 7 and 8 provided in the main transformer of the car 9 are stopped in the step immediately preceding the step (4), the respective power converters of the cars 7 and 8 according to " Operating all power converters that have been stopped in the previous step” are operated as described in the step (6). Then - the power converters in the present state are the power converters mounted in the cars 2, 3, 7, 8, respectively - the respective electric car capabilities of all the power converters as in the case of "Changing the electric car characteristics of the power converters in a present State” changed to be within the catenary current threshold limit, completing the selection. As a result of the selection, only the power converter of the car 5 is stopped and the electric car characteristics of the respective power converters of the cars 2, 3, 7, 8 are changed.

The generation state of the low-order harmonics in the case where the selection is made as described above is described below with reference to FIG 6 described. The frequency components each centered on the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice the carrier frequency fs become 180° phase difference therebetween due to the phase difference in the carrier between the carriages 2, 3, 7, 8 and therefore cancel each other out, and the frequency component 4fs at the frequency four times the carrier frequency fs is canceled, while the frequency component 8fs at the frequency eight times the carrier frequency fs appears as the lowest frequency component the power supply side will occur.

With reference to 7 the generation state of the low-order harmonics in the case where the respective power converters of the cars 3, 7 are stopped without using the selection method according to the present invention is described.

Since the number of the power converter units provided in the respective main transformers of the cars 1, 4, 9 is only one unit, the frequency components each of which can be reduced to the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice as high as the carrier frequency fs is, is centered, do not cancel each other out. In particular, the effect of controlling the occurrence of the low-order harmonics cannot be obtained due to the phase difference control, so that the components centered on the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice as high as the carrier frequency fs and each consisting of the Cars 2, 5, 8 appeared after they are multiplexed. Therefore, by changing the output control of the power converters without disturbing a relationship in the phase difference between the respective elements, it is possible to control the occurrence of the low-order harmonics on the power supply side.

Embodiment 2

Subsequently, the embodiment 2 as another embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to (1), (2) in 8th described.

If the number of power converter units that can be operated as a function of the threshold limit of the catenary current intensity in the train set, which is the arrangement of 1 is three, this is considered relevant to the processing under (1) "Stopping a random power converter to meet "the number of operable power converter units = the number of power converter units that are currently in operation"" and the power converter becomes random selectively stopped without considering a phase difference. In the present embodiment, the number of power converter units currently in operation is five, and therefore there is a need to stop two power converter units so that the respective power converters of the cars 3, 7 are stopped and the processing proceeds to (2).

In the present embodiment, this is assumed to be the case of "resetting the phase difference with respect to all power converters currently in operation" as stated in (2), and therefore a 60° phase difference for carriers of the respective power converters currently in operation are set back in relation to cars 2, 5, 8.

With reference to 9 the generation state of low-order harmonics in the case of resetting the phase difference as explained above will be described below.

Due to a carrier phase difference with respect to the carriages 2, 5, 8, the frequency components each of which is centered on the frequency component 2fs at the frequency twice as high as the carrier frequency fs will have a 180° phase difference between them and therefore cancel each other out, while the frequency component 4fs at the frequency four times as high as the carrier frequency fs will appear as the lowest frequency component on the power supply side.

Although it has been described that the power converter according to the present invention is selected by means of the onboard controller, it goes without saying that the onboard controller is not an essential element in the present invention. Even in the case where the means for executing the selection is a drive system provided in the respective power converters within the association, it goes without saying that the selection method according to the present invention is applicable.

As the embodiment of the present invention, the bandage of is exemplified 1 been described. The arrangement of the Association of 1 but is not an essential element in the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is applicable regardless of the number of power converter units provided in the main transformer within the train formation, the number of main transformer units provided within the formation, and the connection of the formations to each other. However, the frequency that occurs on the power supply side will change according to the order of the association. In the case of the Association of 1 the power converter consists of a group of the converters such that the frequency is as in 3 shown will occur. On the other hand, the frequency will change as in 10 shown in the case where the lattice consists of two groups of converters, to a frequency twice the frequency that occurs on the power supply side in the case where the power converter consists of only one group.

reference list

1:

power converter,

11:

converter,

12:

filter capacitor,

13:

inverter,

2:

main transformer,

3:

pantograph,

4:

main electric motor,

5:

onboard controller

Claims (3)

A drive system of a train set to which phase difference control is applied, the drive system comprising: a plurality of main transformers (2) for stepping down an AC electric power supplied from a catenary; a plurality of converters (11) for converting the AC electric power supplied from the main transformers (2) into a DC electric power; a plurality of inverters (13) for converting the DC electric power supplied from the converters (11) into an AC electric power; a plurality of main electric motors (4) to be driven by the AC electric power supplied from the inverters (13); and a plurality of power converters (1) each consisting of one of the converters (11) and one of the inverters (13), wherein in the phase difference control, a phase difference between the power converters (1) of the main transformers (2) having more than one power converter (1 ) and introducing a phase difference between the main transformers (2), characterized in that the propulsion system further comprises an onboard controller which counts the number of units of power converters (1) operating based on a threshold electric current intensity limit from a catenary is reduced, and the on-board controller stops all power converters (1) of a main transformer (2) when it has more than one power converter (1) when the power converters (1) are reduced. drive system claim 1 wherein it is decided whether to change either the number of units or the output based on an electric car performance at the number of units of the power converters (1) already in operation. A drive system of a train set to which phase difference control is applied, the drive system comprising: a plurality of main transformers (2) for stepping down an AC electric power supplied from a catenary; a plurality of converters (11) for converting the AC electric power supplied from the main transformers (2) into a DC electric power; a plurality of inverters (13) for converting the DC electric power supplied from the converters (11) into an AC electric power; a plurality of main electric motors (4) to be driven by the AC electric power supplied from the inverters (13); and a plurality of power converters (1) each consisting of one of the converters (11) and one of the inverters (13), wherein in the phase difference control, a phase difference between the power converters (1) of the main transformers (2) having more than one power converter (1 ) contained, and a phase difference between the main transformers (2) is introduced, characterized in that the drive system also has an on-board controller which decides the number of operable units of the power converter (1) on the basis of the threshold limit of an electrical current from the catenary, and the on-board controller stops all power converters (1) of a main transformer (2), if it has more than one power converter (1), during the reduction of the power converters (1), the on-board controller changing control in such a way that the power converters (1) themselves an electric power supplied to the main electric motors (4). based on the number of operable units of the power converters (1) and association information.

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