DE102015203470A1 - Heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1), in particular for a motor vehicle, having a housing (3) delimiting a housing interior (2), wherein the housing interior forms a first fluid channel (5a) for flowing through with a first fluid (F), A plurality of channel elements (6), which are arranged adjacent to each other in the housing interior (2), wherein each channel element (6) comprises a channel housing (7) each defining a channel interior (8), one fluidically from the first fluid channel (F1; F1 5b; 5b ') for flowing through with a second fluid (F2), - each channel element (6) extending along an axial direction (A), so that the respective channel housing (9; 9' ) can be traversed along the axial direction (A) of the second fluid (F2), - wherein the channel elements (6) to form at least one channel line (9) along an orthogonal to the axial direction (A) extending Row direction (Z) are arranged adjacent to each other.

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle.

As a heat exchanger or heat exchanger is commonly referred to a device that transfers heat from one stream to another stream. Heat exchangers are used, for example, in motor vehicles to cool the fresh air charged by means of an exhaust-gas turbocharger in a fresh-air system interacting with the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle. For this purpose, the fresh air to be cooled is introduced into the heat exchanger, where it interacts thermally with a likewise introduced into the heat exchanger coolant and emits heat in this way to the coolant.

Such a heat exchanger may be configured, for example, as a plate heat exchanger and having a plurality of plate assemblies each having a pair of plates stacked in a stacking direction, wherein between the plates of a pair of plates a fresh air path is formed through which the fresh air to be cooled is passed. Between two plate arrangements, that is, in a gap formed between two adjacent plate pairs, the aforementioned coolant can be fluidically separated from the fresh air to be cooled, which can be set in thermal interaction with the fresh air to be cooled by the plates of the plate arrangement , To improve the heat exchange, rib structures may be provided between adjacent plate assemblies which increase the interaction area of the plates available for thermal interaction. Such constructions are known to those skilled in the art by the term "fin-tube heat exchanger".

It is an object of the present invention to discover new ways in the development of heat exchangers, in particular of motor vehicles.

This object is achieved by a heat exchanger according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments are subject of the dependent claims.

A heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a housing bounding a housing interior, wherein the housing interior forms a first fluid channel for flowing through with a first fluid. This first fluid may be a coolant, which is used for cooling the fresh air charged in a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine - also referred to as charge air in professional circles. In the first fluid channel formed by the housing interior, a plurality of channel elements are provided according to the invention, which are arranged adjacent to one another. Each channel element in this case comprises a channel housing, which limits a respective channel interior. Each channel interior forms a second fluid channel which is fluidically separated from the first fluid channel and flows through with a second fluid. Through the second fluid channel, the charge air to be cooled can be passed.

Each channel element extends according to the invention along an axial direction, so that the respective channel housing can be flowed through by the second fluid along the axial direction. In this case, according to the invention, the channel elements are arranged adjacent to one another, forming at least one channel line along a line direction orthogonal to the axial direction. It is understood that several channel lines can be formed, which then all extend in the row direction.

The here presented, inventive arrangement of the individual channel elements causes the channel housing of the channel elements in an advantageous manner almost completely from the first fluid, so preferably from the coolant, can flow around. This leads to a comparison with conventional heat exchangers improved thermal interaction with the flowing through the individual channel elements second fluid, so preferably the air to be cooled. As a result, this leads to a heat exchanger with improved efficiency. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the second fluid can be said coolant and the first fluid can be the charge air to be cooled.

In addition, the presented here heat exchanger is structurally simple, which can lead to significant cost advantages in the production. This is especially true for advantageous developments with multiple channel lines.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least the channel elements and the housing of the heat exchanger can be produced by means of an additive manufacturing method. Particularly preferably, the entire heat exchanger is produced by means of such an additive manufacturing method. The term "additive manufacturing process" in the present case includes all manufacturing processes which build up the building component directly from a computer model. Such production processes are also known by the term "rapid forming". Under the term "Rapid Forming" his particular production process for fast and flexible production of components by tool-free production directly from CAD data taken.

The use of an additive manufacturing method allows the production of the heat exchanger according to the invention without component-specific investment means, such as tool molds or the like. and almost no geometric restrictions. By means of the additive manufacturing method, it is in particular possible to construct the design of the heat exchanger function bound and no longer tool-bound. Thus, the individual components of the heat exchanger such as the channel housing of the individual channel elements and their interfaces with other components including sealing elements can be greatly simplified by the elimination of small parts.

Alternatively or additionally, the heat exchanger may be integrally formed. Such a one-piece design is formed in particular when using the above-proposed additive manufacturing process, in particular laser melting. In a one-piece design of the heat exchanger eliminates the very costly and therefore costly attaching the individual components of the heat exchanger together.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the additive manufacturing process may include laser melting. This means that a laser melting process is used for producing channel elements and housings, preferably for producing the entire heat exchanger. By means of such a method, the components of the heat exchanger can be made directly from 3D CAD data. In principle, the components of the heat exchanger are also produced without tools during the laser melting and in layers on the basis of the three-dimensional CAD model assigned to the heat exchanger.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least two mutually spaced channel rows are provided, each with at least two channel elements, wherein the at least two channel rows can be arranged in particular along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction and the row direction stacking direction at a distance. The intermediate space forming between two channel lines is part of the first fluid channel and can thus be flowed through by the first fluid. Such a geometry makes it possible to provide space-saving manner a plurality of channel elements and to arrange in the housing interior of the housing. In particular, can be realized in this way - similar to a conventional fin-tube heat exchanger - a heat exchanger in flat design. The number of channel elements per channel line as well as the number of provided channel lines can be defined by the skilled person application-specific in a flexible manner.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least two adjacent in the row direction channel elements of a channel line are arranged at a distance to each other, so that an intermediate space formed between two adjacent channel elements is part of the first fluid channel. That is, the forming intermediate space can be traversed by the first fluid. This measure has an improved flow around the individual channel housing with the first fluid result. Particularly preferably, all the channel elements of a channel line are arranged at a distance from each other. In this way, the maximum flow around the individual channel elements is achieved.

In geometric aspects, an embodiment in which the channel housing is provided in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction with a first housing wall and one of the first housing wall substantially parallel opposite the second housing wall proves to be particularly advantageous. In this case, the first housing wall in cross section has a first wall length, which is greater than a wall length of the second housing wall. In this embodiment, the first and second housing wall are completed by a third housing wall and a third housing wall opposite, fourth housing wall to the channel housing. The third and fourth housing wall are arranged in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction at an acute angle to each other. Such a geometry allows a space-saving arrangement of the individual channel elements of a channel line to each other while forming a gap between two channel elements adjacent in the row direction. At the same time, the joining surfaces required between the individual channel elements, in particular soldering surfaces, in order to fasten adjacent channel elements to one another, can be reduced to a minimum.

Particularly expedient may be in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction, a wall length of the third housing wall substantially equal to the wall length of the fourth housing wall. The associated geometry of the channel housing of a respective channel element leads to improved flow characteristics of the first fluid flowing around the channel housing.

A particularly space-saving arrangement of the channel elements of a particular channel line can be achieved if two channel elements adjacent in the row direction are arranged in cross-section perpendicular to the axial axis rotated by 180 ° to each other.

In an advantageous embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention, one of Channel interior remote from the outside of the first and / or second housing wall of the channel housing in cross-section perpendicular to the axial axis a rounded edge contour. In this way, flow guidance contours can be formed which bring about a particularly uniform and thus advantageous flow around the channel elements of the first fluid flowing through the first fluid channel.

In a further preferred embodiment, the third housing wall of a channel element of the fourth housing wall of an adjacent in the row direction channel element of the same channel line is opposite. Alternatively or additionally, the fourth housing wall of a channel element of the third housing wall of a counter to the row direction adjacent channel element is opposite. By means of these measures, the desired gap between two adjacent in the row direction channel elements space can be realized constructively in a particularly simple manner.

Particularly preferably, the third and the fourth housing wall are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so that the intermediate space formed between the housing walls in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction has a substantially constant diameter. This leads to an improved flow around the channel housing of the channel elements with the first fluid. Said diameter can be measured preferably in a direction which is perpendicular to a wall plane defined by the housing walls.

In an alternative preferred embodiment to the above-explained embodiments, the channel housing of a respective channel element may have a honeycomb-like geometry in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction. Such a honeycomb-like geometry can be realized particularly preferably by forming a uniform hexagon with six wall sections. A honeycomb-like geometry of the channel elements allows the formation of the heat exchanger with particularly high rigidity.

In an advantageous development of each channel element is arranged to form a respective intermediate space adjacent to at least three further channel elements. Each of these intermediate spaces can then be traversed by the first fluid as part of the first fluid channel. The intermediate space between two adjacent channel elements is bounded by two opposing wall sections of the two channel elements. This allows the arrangement of a plurality of channel elements even in a space limited space.

Particularly preferably, the two wall sections forming a gap between two adjacent channel elements can be arranged substantially parallel to one another in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction. This measure has the effect that the intermediate space in the cross section has a substantially constant diameter, which leads to improved flow properties of the first fluid, as a result to an improved thermal interaction between the two fluids and thus ultimately to an improved efficiency of the heat exchanger.

A particularly high efficiency improvement can be achieved in the heat exchanger according to the invention by providing in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction all intermediate spaces formed between two adjacent channel elements with a substantially same diameter.

Particularly expedient, the channel elements can be arranged in the housing interior such that each of the six wall sections of any channel element either a wall portion of an adjacent channel member or the first or second housing wall of the housing of the heat exchanger, each with the formation of a gap opposite. This allows the arrangement of a particularly high number of channel elements in the housing interior of the housing.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first housing wall of the housing may be formed such that it follows in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of an edge contour which is predetermined by the channel elements adjacent to the first housing wall. Alternatively or additionally, the second housing wall may be formed such that in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of an edge contour, which is defined by the second housing wall adjacent channel elements follows. Both measures, taken alone or in combination, lead to a considerably reduced need for space for the heat exchanger according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment, a flow-guiding element can be provided in at least one intermediate space formed between two adjacent channel lines. By means of such a flow guiding element, it can be ensured that the first fluid flowing through the intermediate space is at least partially deflected into the intermediate spaces formed between two adjacent channel elements.

In an advantageous development, said flow guide element can be designed in such a way that that it subdivides the interspace formed between two channel lines in the row direction into a first channel section and a second channel section which is fluidically separated from this first channel section. As a result, the first fluid flowing through the gap between two channel lines is deflected not only partially but completely into the spaces formed between two adjacent channel elements. This leads to an improved flow around the channel elements.

Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

It show, each schematically

1 an example of a heat exchanger according to the invention,

2 a detailed view of the 1 in the range of some channel elements,

3 a variant of the example of 1 .

4 a detailed view of the 3 in the range of some channel elements.

1 illustrates an example of a heat exchanger according to the invention 1 , The heat exchanger 1 includes a housing interior 2 limiting housing 3 from which in 1 for clarity, only a first housing wall 4a and one of the first housing wall 4a opposite second housing wall 4b is shown. The housing interior 2 forms a first fluid channel 5a for flowing through with a first fluid F ₁ . In the example scenario, the first fluid F _{1 is} a coolant.

Corresponding 1 is in the first fluid channel a plurality of channel elements 6 intended. Each channel element 6 includes a channel housing 7 which has a channel interior 8th limited. Each channel interior 8th forms a fluidic from the first fluid channel 5a separate, second fluid channel 5b , Each channel element 6 extends along an axial direction A, which runs in the figures perpendicular to the plane, so that the respective channel housing 7 can be traversed by a second fluid F ₂ along this axial direction A. In the example scenario, the second fluid F _{2 is} the charge air charged by an exhaust gas turbocharger in a fresh air system.

As the 1 recognize, are the channel elements 6 along a row direction Z orthogonal to the axial direction A, forming four channel rows 9 - In variants of the example, this number may vary - arranged. Each channel line 9 includes a plurality of channel elements 6 which are arranged adjacent to each other along the row direction Z. The four channel lines 9 are arranged along an orthogonal to both the axial direction A and the row direction Z extending stacking direction S at a distance to each other. Which is between two channel lines 9 forming gap 11 is part of the first fluid channel 5a and thus can be flowed through by the first fluid F ₁ .

Looking at the channel elements 6 a particular channel line 9 , it can be seen that the channel elements adjacent in the row direction Z 6 the channel line 9 are spaced apart so that between two adjacent channel elements 6 one space each 10 is trained. Also the gaps 10 are part of the first fluid channel 5a , so that they can be flowed through by the first fluid F ₁ .

The following is based on the 2 , which is a detail of the 1 in the area of a channel line 9 shows the geometry of a single channel element 6 explained in more detail. As in 2 Illustrated clearly has the channel element 6 in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction A, a first housing wall 12a and one of these first housing wall 12 substantially parallel opposite second housing wall 12b , In this case, the first housing wall in cross-section on a first wall length l ₁ , which is greater than a wall length l _{2 of} the second housing wall 12b , Corresponding 2 become the first and the second housing wall 12a . 12b through a third housing wall 12c and one of the third housing wall 12c opposite fourth housing wall 12d to the channel housing 7 completed. A wall length l _{3 of} the third housing wall 12c This corresponds essentially to a wall length l _{4 of} the fourth housing wall 12d , The third and the fourth housing wall 12c . 12d are like in 2 shown substantially parallel to each other, so that between the housing walls 12c . 12d formed gap 10 in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction A a substantially has constant distance. This leads to an improved flow around the channel housing through the first fluid F ₁ .

The third and fourth housing wall 12c . 12d are in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction A at an acute angle w, for example, of approximately 20 °, arranged to each other. Two adjacent channel elements in the row direction Z. 6 are in the in 2 shown cross-section perpendicular to the axial axis A are rotated by 180 ° to each other. All channel elements 6 a channel line 9 are therefore arranged alternately along the line direction Z rotated by 180 ° to each other. The outsides 13a . 13b the first and second housing wall 12a . 12b of the duct housing 7 show as in 2 shown rounded edge contour on. In this way, Strömungsleitkonturen can form, which is a particularly uniform flow around the channel elements 6 from the through the housing interior 2 or first fluid channel 5a cause flowing first fluid F ₁ .

At the two end in the row direction Z end channel elements 6 each channel line 9 can attachment body 14 be provided, by means of which the channel elements 6 on the housing 3 (in 1 not shown) can be attached. The individual channel elements 6 can by means of suitable fasteners, - for example in the manner of struts - in the interstices 10 are arranged, are attached to each other (not shown).

As 2 can be further seen, is the third housing wall 12c a particular channel element 6 the fourth housing wall 12d a channel element adjacent in the row direction Z. 6 the same channel line 9 across from. Accordingly, the fourth housing wall 12d of the channel element 6 the third housing wall 12c a counter to the row direction Z adjacent channel element 6 across from. By means of this measure is the between two adjacent channel elements in the row direction Z. 6 formed gap 10 realized.

Looking again at the representation of the 1 , one recognizes that in between two adjacent channel lines 9 formed spaces 11 one or more flow guide elements 15 can be arranged. By means of such flow guide elements 15 can that be through the gaps 11 flowing first fluid F ₁ advantageously at least partially into the between two adjacent channel elements 6 a channel line 9 formed spaces 10 to get distracted.

Optionally, one or more of the flow guide elements 15 be formed so that there is the respective gap 11 in the row direction Z in a first channel section 16a and a fluidically separated from this second channel portion 16b divided. As a result, that's along the interstices 11 flowing first fluid F ₁ completely into between two adjacent channel elements 6 formed spaces 10 is distracted. This leads to an improved flow around the channel elements 6 , With regard to the geometric design of the individual flow guide elements, the person skilled in the art has various design options. Also, within a space 11 along the row direction Z a plurality of flow guide 15 be arranged (not shown), so that the affected space 11 is divided into several channel sections. It is also conceivable, the flow guide partially permeable - for example by providing one or more through holes in the flow guide 15 - train.

The channel elements 6 and the case 3 may be prepared by the additive manufacturing method already discussed above. Particularly preferred is the entire heat exchanger 1 produced by such an additive manufacturing method. The use of an additive manufacturing process allows the production of the heat exchanger 1 without component-specific investment means, such as tool shapes or similar and almost no geometric restrictions. By means of the additive manufacturing process, the heat exchanger 1 function-bound and no longer tool-bound design. Consequently, the individual components of the heat exchanger 1 such as the channel housing 7 the channel elements 6 as well as their interfaces to other components of the heat exchanger 1 For example, seals, are greatly simplified by the elimination of small parts.

In a particularly preferred variant, the additive manufacturing method may include laser melting. By means of laser melting, the components of the heat exchanger 1 can be produced directly from 3D CAD data. The components of the heat exchanger 1 can work without tools and layers based on the heat exchanger during laser melting 1 associated three-dimensional CAD model can be made.

In 3 is a variant of the example of 1 and 2 shown. The in the variant of 3 shown channel elements 6 ' of the heat exchanger 1' differ from those of 1 and 2 in that the channel housing 7 ' a respective channel element 6 ' in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction A 'has a honeycomb-like geometry. Favor can the heat exchanger 1' up to 2000 such honeycomb channel elements 6 ' exhibit. Each channel element 6 ' owns as in 3 shown in said cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction A 'the geometry of a uniform hexagon with six wall sections 20'a f. The two are a gap 10 ' between two adjacent channel elements 6 ' forming wall sections 20'a - 20'f in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction A 'arranged substantially parallel to each other, so that the gap 10 ' has a constant distance d 'in cross-section substantially. This preferably applies to all adjacent channel elements 6 ' ,

Also the channel elements 6 ' extend - as well as the channel elements 6 in the 1 - So along an axial direction A ', so that the respective channel housing 7 ' along the axial direction A 'by the second fluid F ₂ ' can be flowed through. Also the channel elements 6 ' are under training several channel lines 9 ' along the orthogonal to the axial direction A 'extending line direction Z' are arranged adjacent to each other.

As 3 recognize, are the channel elements 6 ' such in the housing interior 2 ' arranged that each of the six wall sections 20'a -F of any channel element 6 ' either a wall section 20'a -F of an adjacent channel element 6 ' or the first or second housing wall 4 'a . 4'b , each with the formation of a gap 10 ' , is opposite. The 3 shows in a to 1 analogous representation of two housing walls 4 'a . 4'b of a housing interior 2 ' limiting housing 3 ' , In the example of 3 However, the row direction Z 'runs transversely to the housing walls 4 'a . 4'b whereas in the example of the 1 parallel to the housing walls 4a . 4b extends.

Based on the detailed representation of the 4 which the heat exchanger 1' in the area of the first housing wall 4 'a shows, you can see that the first housing wall 4 'a in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction A 'of an edge contour 21'a follows that through the first housing wall 4 'a adjacent channel elements 6 ' is defined. The same applies according to 3 for the second housing wall 4'b that is a border contour 21'b follows. This is through the second housing wall 4'b adjacent channel elements 6 ' Are defined. All channel elements 6 ' So are accordingly 3 forming a respective gap 10 ' adjacent to at least three further channel elements 6 ' arranged, with the gap 10 ' between two adjacent channel elements 6 ' by two opposite wall sections 20'a -F of the two channel elements 6 ' is limited.

Also the channel elements 6 ' and the case 3 ' of the heat exchanger 1' can be produced by means of an additive additive manufacturing process, in particular by means of laser melting, so that the explanations of this process in connection with the 1 and 2 mutatis mutandis also for the example of 3 and 4 applies.

It is understood that in the figures explained above, only the essential components of the heat exchanger according to the invention 1 are shown in a schematic representation. Constructive details known to those skilled in the art, such as a collector for collecting the second fluid F ₂ after passing through the various channel members 6 and fasteners or support members for securing or supporting the individual channel elements on the housing 2 . 2 ' etc. are not shown in the figures for the sake of clarity.

The heat exchanger 1 . 1' can be formed in one piece. Such a one-piece design is formed in particular when using the above-proposed additive manufacturing process, in particular laser melting. In a one-piece design of the heat exchanger 1 . 1' eliminates the very costly and therefore costly attaching the individual components of the heat exchanger together. It is understood that in the case of a one-piece design of the heat exchanger 1 . 1' the terms used herein such as "first housing wall 4a "remain valid.

Claims (18)

Heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ), in particular for a motor vehicle, - having a housing interior ( 2 ; 2 ' ) limiting housing ( 3 ; 3 ' ), wherein the housing interior has a first fluid channel ( 5a ; 5a ' ) for flowing through with a first fluid (F ₁ ; F ₁ '), - with a plurality of channel elements ( 6 ; 6 ' ), which in the housing interior ( 2 ; 2 ' ) are arranged adjacent to each other, each channel element ( 6 ; 6 ' ) a channel housing ( 7 ; 7 ' ), each having a channel interior ( 8th ; 8th' ), which has a second fluid channel (FIG. ₁ ) which is fluidically separated from the first fluid channel (F ₁ , F ₁ '). 5b ; 5b ' ) for flowing through with a second fluid (F ₂ ; F ₂ '), - wherein each channel element ( 6 ; 6 ' ) extends along an axial direction (A, A '), so that the respective channel housing ( 9 ; 9 ' ) can be traversed along the axial direction (A, A ') by the second fluid (F ₂ , F ₂ ), 6 ; 6 ' ) forming at least one channel line ( 9 ; 9 ' ) are arranged adjacent to each other along a line direction (Z; Z ') orthogonal to the axial direction (A; A'). Heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ) according to claim 1, characterized in that At least the channel elements ( 6 ; 6 ' ) and the housing ( 3 ; 3 ' ) of the heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ), preferably the heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ), are manufactured by means of an additive manufacturing process, and / or that - the heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ) is integrally formed. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the additive manufacturing process comprises laser melting. Heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1' ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two mutually spaced channel rows ( 9 ; 9 ' ) each having at least two channel elements ( 6 ; 6 ' ) are provided, wherein the at least two channel lines ( 9 ; 9 ' ) are preferably arranged along a direction transverse to the axial direction (A; A ') and transversely to the row direction (Z; Z') extending stacking direction (S; S ') at a distance from each other. Heat exchanger ( 1 ; 1 '') according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two adjacent in the row direction (Z; Z ') channel elements ( 6 ; 6 ' ) of a channel line ( 9 ; 9 ' ), preferably all channel elements ( 6 ; 6 ' ) of a channel line ( 9 ; 9 ' ) are spaced apart so that one between two adjacent channel elements ( 6 6 ' ) formed gap ( 10 ; 10 ' ) Part of the first fluid channel ( 5a ; 5a ' ). Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the channel housing ( 7 ) in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction (A) a first housing wall ( 12a ) and one of the first housing wall ( 12a ) substantially parallel opposite second housing wall ( 12b ), wherein the first housing wall ( 12a ) has in cross section a first wall length (l ₁ ), which is greater than a wall length (l ₂ ) of the second housing wall ( 12b ), - the first and second housing wall ( 12a . 12b ) by a third housing wall ( 12c ) and one of the third housing wall ( 12c ) Opposite fourth housing wall ( 12d ) to the channel housing ( 7 ), wherein the third and fourth housing wall ( 12c . 12d ) are arranged in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A) at an acute angle (w) to each other. Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A) a wall length (l ₃ ) of the third housing wall ( 12c ) substantially equal to the wall length (l ₄ ) of the fourth housing wall ( 12d ). Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in cross-section perpendicular to the axial axis (A) two in the row direction (Z) adjacent channel elements ( 6 ) are arranged rotated by 180 ° to each other. Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that one of the channel interior ( 8th ) facing away from outside ( 13a . 13b ) of the first and / or second housing wall ( 12a . 12b ) of the channel housing ( 7 ) in cross-section perpendicular to the axial axis (A) to form a Strömungsleitkontur has a rounded edge contour. Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that - the third housing wall ( 12c ) of a channel element ( 6 ) of the fourth housing wall ( 12d ) of a channel element adjacent in the row direction (Z) ( 6 ), and / or that, - the fourth housing wall ( 12d ) of a channel element ( 6 ) of the third housing wall ( 12c ) of a channel element adjacent to the row direction (Z) ( 6 ) is opposite. Heat exchanger ( 1 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the third and fourth housing wall ( 12c . 12d ) are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so that a space formed between these housing walls ( 10 ) has a substantially constant diameter in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A). Heat exchanger ( 1' ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel housing ( 7 ' ) of a respective channel element ( 6 ' ) has a honeycomb-like geometry in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction. Heat exchanger according to claim 12, characterized in that each channel element ( 7 ' ) to form the honeycomb geometry in cross section perpendicular to the axial direction (A ') the shape of a, in particular uniform, hexagon with six wall sections ( 20'a - 20'f ) having. Heat exchanger according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that each channel element ( 6 ' ) forming a respective interspace ( 10 ' ) adjacent to at least three further channel elements ( 6 ' ), wherein the gap ( 10 ' ) between two adjacent channel elements ( 6 ' ) by two opposing wall sections ( 20'a - 20'f ) of the two channel elements ( 6 ' ) is limited. Heat exchanger according to claim 14, characterized in that the two have a gap ( 10 ' ) between two adjacent ones Channel elements ( 6 ' ) forming wall sections ( 10'a - 20'f ) in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A ') are arranged substantially parallel to each other, so that the intermediate space ( 10 ' ) has a substantially constant diameter in cross-section. Heat exchanger according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A ') all between two adjacent channel elements ( 6 ' ) formed intermediate spaces ( 10 ' ) have substantially the same diameter. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the channel elements ( 6 ' ) in the housing interior ( 2 ' ) are arranged, that each of the six wall sections ( 20'a - 20'f ) of any channel element either a wall section ( 20'a - 20'f ) of an adjacent channel element ( 6 ' ) or the first or second housing wall ( 4 'a . 4'b ), each with the formation of a gap ( 10 ' ) is opposite. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that - the first housing wall ( 4 'a ) in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A ') of a through the first housing wall ( 4 'a ) adjacent channel elements ( 6 ' ) predetermined edge contour ( 21'a ), and / or that - the second housing wall ( 4'b ) in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction (A ') of a channel elements adjacent to the second housing wall ( 6 ' ) predetermined edge contour ( 21'b ) follows.

Images