DE102015120077A1 - Sensor system, use of a sensor system and method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention describe a sensor system (1) for use on a technical installation, a use of a sensor system (1) on a technical installation, and a method for transmitting a transmission signal (S) in a sensor system (1) on a technical installation. The sensor system comprises a sensor unit (10) for detecting at least one measured variable on a component of the technical system and for generating a measured data signal (M) derived from the at least one measured variable; a transmission unit (20), to which the measurement data signal is supplied, for generating a transmission signal (S) from the measurement data signal (M), wherein the transmission unit (20) is adapted to transmit the transmission signal (S) via radio; a power supply unit (30) having a first energy harvesting device (31) and at least one further energy harvesting device (32); and an energy storage device (40) which is at least temporarily charged with energy from the first energy harvesting device (31) and / or from the at least one further energy harvesting device (32) and which is adapted to the sensor unit (10) and / or the transmitting unit (20) at least temporarily to provide energy.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a sensor system for use in a technical installation, the use of a sensor system on a technical installation, and a method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system to a technical installation.

In various fields of technology, there is often an increased interest in detecting and evaluating operating parameters of technical installations by means of sensors as sensor data. On the one hand, it may be necessary to determine mechanical, electrical or other variables for reasons of control technology. In many cases, sensors are used, which should give information over the life of elements of the technical system, z. B. vibration and strain sensors and the like.

STATE OF THE ART

There are known sensor systems for use on a wind turbine, which are provided for internal power supply with a so-called energy harvesting device. From the US 8,718,831 B2 is z. B. a wind turbine, wherein a rotor blade of the rotor is provided with a sensor. This sensor is designed to transmit data to a data collection device. The data collection device is powered by energy generated in the rotor blade, e.g. B. either by vibrations in the rotor blade or from the energy from pressure changes across the rotor blade away or from solar panels.

A disadvantage of the known solution is that the possibilities mentioned for performing energy harvesting are not unlimited in time. So z. B. at standstill of the rotor of the wind turbine no or only very small vibrations recorded, which may not always be sufficient to provide enough energy to operate a sensor system available. The same applies z. B. for the solar panels when shading the relevant rotor blade or at night, etc.

However, many of the variables that can be detected by the sensors should be recorded continuously or at least at regular measuring intervals and / or transmitted to an evaluating point, for example to a control system. At the same time an external power supply of the sensor system in the application may be too expensive or z. B. for lightning protection is not possible or not desirable.

It is therefore desirable to provide a solution in which a reliable operation of an internally voltage-supplied sensor system is ensured in a technical system.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide a sensor system for use on a technical equipment according to claim 1. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention specify the use of a sensor system on a technical installation according to claim 8. Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system on a technical installation according to claim 9.

According to one embodiment, a sensor system for use in a technical installation is specified, comprising a sensor unit for detecting at least one measured variable on a component of the technical installation and for generating a measurement data signal derived from the at least one measured variable; a transmission unit, to which the measurement data signal is supplied, for generating a transmission signal from the measurement data signal, wherein the transmission unit is designed to transmit the transmission signal via radio; a power supply unit having a first energy harvesting device and at least one further energy harvesting device; and an energy storage, which is at least temporarily charged with energy from the first energy harvesting device and / or from the at least one further energy harvesting device, and which is adapted to the sensor unit and / or the transmission unit at least temporarily with energy to supply.

According to a further embodiment, a use of a sensor system is specified on a technical system, the sensor system comprising: a sensor unit for detecting at least one measured variable on a component of the technical system and for generating a measured data signal derived from the at least one measured variable; a transmission unit, to which the measurement data signal is supplied, for generating a transmission signal from the measurement data signal, wherein the transmission unit is designed to transmit the transmission signal via radio; a power supply unit having a first energy harvesting device and at least one further energy harvesting device; and an energy storage, which is at least temporarily charged with energy from the first energy harvesting device and / or from the at least one further energy harvesting device, and which is adapted to the sensor unit and / or the transmission unit at least temporarily with energy to supply.

According to a further embodiment, a method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system to a technical installation is specified, the sensor system comprising: a sensor unit on a component of the technical installation; a transmitting unit for transmitting a transmission signal via radio; a power supply unit having a first energy harvesting device and a second energy harvesting device; an energy store, which is at least temporarily charged with energy from the first energy harvesting device and / or from the second energy harvesting device, and which at least temporarily supplies energy to the sensor unit and / or the transmitting unit, the method comprising: Detecting, by means of the sensor unit, at least one measured variable on the component and generating a measured data signal derived from the at least one measured variable; Generating, by means of the transmitting unit, a transmission signal from the measurement data signal and transmitting the transmission signal by radio; Supplying the sensor unit and / or the transmitting unit with energy from the power supply unit when a fixed or definable first power threshold of the currently available power from the power supply unit is exceeded, and supplying the sensor unit and / or the transmitting unit with energy from the energy storage when the falls below the first power threshold; Charging the energy store with power from the power supply unit when a predetermined or settable second power threshold of the currently available power from the power supply unit is exceeded.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. In the drawings show:

1 a schematic representation of the structure of a sensor system according to an embodiment of the invention;

2a a schematic representation of the use of a sensor system according to an embodiment of the invention in a wind turbine, with a transmitting unit of the sensor system in a minimum distance to a receiving unit of the sensor system;

2 B a representation analogous to 2a with the transmitting unit at a maximum distance to the receiving unit;

2c an exemplary course of the distance of the transmitting unit to the receiving unit over time during rotations of the rotor of the Winkraftanlage;

3 an exemplary course of available electrical power over time;

4 a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system on a wind turbine, according to an embodiment of the invention; and

5 a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system on a wind turbine, according to another embodiment of the invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail. The drawings are illustrative of one or more examples of embodiments of the invention.

In 1 is a sensor system 1 for use on a technical system according to one embodiment shown schematically. In the embodiments illustrated herein, the technical equipment is a wind turbine 100 , The sensor system 1 has a sensor unit 10 on, which is designed to at least one measured variable on a component of the wind turbine 100 to detect and to generate a derived from the at least one measured variable measurement data signal M.

The measured variable is preferably on a rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 (please refer 2 ) of the wind turbine detected. By way of example, but not exhaustive or restrictive, the acceleration of the sensor unit is the measured variable 10 - if necessary in the rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 -, an elongation - z. As an elongation of parts of the rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 -, called the temperature, etc. The acquisition of the measured variable can take place continuously; typically the detection will occur at fixed or determinable sampling intervals or the like.

The measurement signal M is derived from the measured variable. For example, an instantaneous value of the measured variable and / or a course of the measured variable over time are suitably encoded in the measuring signal M. The measurement signal may be an analog signal or a digital signal; When detecting a plurality of measured variables, it is also possible for some or all of the measured variables or measured variable profiles to be contained in the measuring signal by means of a suitable multiplexing method or the like.

The generated measuring signal M becomes a transmitting unit 20 supplied, and the transmitting unit 20 generates from the measurement data signal M a transmission signal S. This takes place for. B. by means of a suitable modulation method. The sensor unit 10 and the transmission unit 20 may be formed as separate units; but they can also be integrated with each other. The transmitting unit 20 is designed to transmit the transmission signal S via radio. Transmission via radio can take place on the entire radio-usable electromagnetic spectrum. In particular, when a correspondingly modulated transmission signal S will assume a larger bandwidth, it is advantageous if the transmission in a frequency range above 100 MHz takes place; however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the transmission may be in a suitable ISM band, e.g. In the 433 MHz band, in the 902 MHz band, in the 2.4 GHz band, in the 5.75 GHz band or in the 24 GHz band.

The sensor system 1 according to the in 1 illustrated embodiment also has a power supply unit 30 on that in 1 is indicated by a dashed line. The power supply unit 30 in turn has a first energy harvesting facility 31 on. In addition, the power supply unit points 30 at least one more energy harvesting facility 32 on. In the in 1 shown embodiment is exactly another energy harvesting device 32 intended; however, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and two, three, four or more other energy harvesting devices may be provided.

Furthermore, the sensor system 1 according to the in 1 illustrated embodiment, an energy storage 40 on. As energy storage 40 For example, without limitation, a capacitor such. As a high-capacity capacitor (UltraCap, GoldCap and the like) and / or a chemical energy storage such. B. a battery used. A combination of different ways to store electrical energy and their demand in the energy storage 40 may also be provided.

The energy storage 40 is at least temporarily using energy from the first energy-harvesting facility 31 loaded. Alternatively or additionally, the energy storage 40 at least temporarily with energy from the at least one other energy harvesting device 32 loaded.

The energy storage 40 is also adapted to the sensor unit 10 at least temporarily to provide energy. Alternatively or additionally, the energy storage 40 designed to be the transmitting unit 20 at least temporarily to provide energy. The energy storage 40 and the power supply unit 30 may be formed as separate units, or they may be formed integrally with each other. Likewise it is conceivable that energy supply unit 30 , Energy storage 40 , Sensor unit 10 and transmitting unit 20 formed integrally with each other.

The sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 be at least temporarily with energy from the energy storage 40 who, for his part, uses energy from the first energy harvesting facility 31 and / or the at least one further energy harvesting device 32 is loaded. It may be waived, a line for powering the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 relocate. This can help increase the flexibility of the sensor system 1 to increase, in particular in an arrangement of the sensor unit 10 or the transmitting unit 20 in a rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 , Furthermore, no line for the energy supply of the energy storage 40 necessary.

Preferably, the first energy harvesting device 31 and the at least one other energy harvesting device 32 independently formed. By doing that, the energy comes from at least two independent energy harvesting facilities 31 . 32 to charge the energy storage 40 In addition, the reliability of the sensor system becomes 1 or improved its reliability.

In one aspect, use the first energy harvesting device 31 and the second energy harvesting facility 32 each a different energy conversion principle from the following group: conversion of kinetic energy excited by a rotation; Conversion of kinetic energy stimulated by a vibration; Conversion of energy from electromagnetic waves in the high frequency range; Conversion of energy from electromagnetic waves in the optical domain; Conversion of energy from a temperature gradient.

According to this aspect, energy can be "collected" from at least two different sources. This can help improve the reliability of the sensor system 1 continue to increase.

In another aspect, the power supply unit 30 designed to at least one of the sensor unit 10 , Transmitting unit 20 and energy storage 40 at least temporarily with energy from the first energy harvesting facility 31 and / or with energy from the at least one other energy harvesting device 32 to supply.

So it can be a direct supply to the sensor unit 10 , the transmitting unit 20 and / or the energy storage 40 from at least one of the energy harvesting facilities 31 . 32 respectively. This aspect is particularly relevant when for a given period, the energy harvesting facility concerned 31 . 32 can provide sufficient for a direct supply electrical power. The available power varies over time as a function of variable "collectable" energy, for example a variable temperature gradient, if used for energy harvesting, or variable vibration, if used for energy harvesting.

According to a further aspect, it is provided that the sensor system 1 Furthermore, a receiving unit 50 for receiving the transmission signal S from the transmission unit 20 includes. In the schematic diagram in FIG 1 is the receiving unit 50 at the end of a radio link 25 indicated, wherein the transmission signal S from the transmitting unit via the radio link 25 to the receiving unit 50 is transmitted. The receiving unit 50 According to this aspect, it is so arranged or arranged that during a rotation of a rotor 110 the wind turbine a variable over time d distance to the transmitting unit 20 Has. The transmitting unit 20 According to this aspect, it is designed to transmit the transmission signal S to the receiving unit during a transmission period T 50 to transmit, during the transmission period T, the distance d of the transmitting unit 20 from the receiving unit 50 falls below a fixed or determinable distance threshold dThr.

2a and 2 B show a schematic representation of the use of the sensor system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention on a wind turbine 100 to explain this aspect. The transmitting unit 20 of the sensor system 1 is according to this embodiment in a rotor blade 111 arranged the wind turbine, which is one of z. B. three rotor blades 111 . 112 . 113 representing the wind turbine. The receiving unit 50 again, it is stationary; in the illustrated embodiment, the receiving unit 50 in the tower of the wind turbine 100 arranged.

If the rotor 110 the wind turbine 100 rotates, the distance d of the transmitting unit changes 20 to the receiving unit 50 as a result of the rotation. 2a shows a position of the rotor 110 in which the transmitting unit 20 the minimum distance dmin from the receiving unit 50 having; analog shows 2 B a position of the rotor 110 in which the transmitting unit 20 the maximum distance dmax from the receiving unit 50 having. An exemplary profile of the distance d between the minimum distance dmin and the maximum distance dmax is in 2c shown; for simplicity, a constant speed of the rotor 110 assumed, so that in this example results in the illustrated uniform sinusoidal shape.

During a period of time in 2c is denoted by T, the distance d falls below the distance threshold dThr, which is set in advance or suitably determined. This period is the transmission period T according to the described aspect, during which the transmission unit 20 transmits the transmission signal S.

The distance threshold dThr is for example dimensioned so that the transmitting unit 20 the transmission signal S can also reliably transmit when the transmission power of the transmitting unit 20 is comparatively low. For example, the dimensions of a wind turbine 100 at which the sensor system 1 is used, be so large that a transmission of the transmission signal S in the event that the distance threshold dThr is exceeded, is not reliably possible or only with a relatively large transmission power is possible. A large transmission power is particularly in the present sensor system 1 However, this is not desirable, as this may result in uneconomic sizing of energy harvesting facilities 31 . 32 would require. The distance threshold dThr can be such. B. to the radio link between transmitting unit 20 and receiving unit 50 be adapted, for example, to the maximum transmission power of the transmitting unit 20 , The transmitting unit 20 Thus, according to this aspect, it does not transmit continuously during the rotation of the rotor 110 but only temporarily. This can help to ensure an energy-efficient transmission of the transmission signal S.

The receiving unit 50 may also be configured in embodiments to demodulate and / or decode the received signal, and to output the demodulated and / or decoded signal, e.g. B. to an evaluation unit. Furthermore, the receiving unit 50 also have an evaluation function for the demodulated and / or decoded signal itself.

According to a further aspect, the receiving unit comprises 50 a directional antenna 55 , A preferred direction of the directional antenna 55 is alignable or aligned in one direction, from which at least temporarily the transmission signal from the transmitting unit 20 is expected.

In embodiments, a directional antenna 55 z. B. in the blade root of a rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 provided, preferably of that rotor blade, in which the relevant transmitting unit 20 is arranged. The directional antenna 55 can in embodiments z. B. also be arranged in the rotor blade hub or rotor blade root. The respective directional antenna 55 is preferably oriented so that its preferred direction in the rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 into it.

In the embodiment according to the 2a - 2c is the receiving unit 50 with a directional antenna 55 provided in the tower of the wind turbine 100 is arranged and with the receiving unit 50 connected is. The directional antenna 55 in the illustrated embodiment is shown schematically as a Yagi antenna.

The design of the respective directional antennas 55 is not limited to a Yagi antenna, and other types of directional antennas may be used, for example, a patch antenna with a preferred direction, a logarithmic-periodic antenna, a parabolic antenna, a suitably configured antenna array, or the like. A preferred direction of the directional antenna is a direction in which there is an antenna gain over a dipole antenna. An antenna gain in a preferred direction is conveniently z. B. from a relevant antenna diagram of the directional antenna 55 ,

For example, has a directional antenna 55 any design a limited opening angle, z. B. an opening angle of about 25 °, an opening angle of about 10 ° or an opening angle of only a few degrees. The orientation of the directional antenna 55 can then take place, for example, in a direction for which falls below the distance threshold dThr the transmitting unit 20 the opening angle of the directional antenna 55 sweeps. Preferably, the distance threshold is dThr and the orientation of the directional antenna 55 measured along with the opening angle of the directional antenna so that the transmitting unit 20 during most of the transmission period, particularly preferably throughout the transmission period, at the opening angle of the directional antenna.

In another aspect, the sensor system includes 1 a data store 60 , which is designed to store the measured data signal M at least temporarily. A data store 60 can z. B. be a volatile memory, which only temporarily stores the measurement data signal M, or it can be a non-volatile memory such. Example, a flash memory or the like, which stores the measurement data signal M over a longer period.

In embodiments, according to this aspect, it may be provided that the data memory 60 the data of the measurement data signal M is buffered during the period in which the transmission unit 20 does not send. It may happen that the transmitting unit 20 does not send, if for a certain period of time not enough energy from the power supply unit 30 and / or the energy storage 40 is available to the sending unit 20 but the energy is still sufficient to take measurements with the sensor unit 10 perform. In this period, a caching in the data store 60 be made, in which case when the energy back to the operation of the transmitting unit 20 sufficient, the cached data (and possibly also current data) of the measurement data signal M in the transmission unit 20 be converted into a suitable transmission signal S and sent.

It may also be provided according to the aspect in embodiments that the period in which the transmitting unit 20 does not transmit, the period outside the transmission period is T, ie during this period the distance d between transmission unit 20 and receiving unit 50 exceeds the distance threshold dThr. During this period, accumulated data of the detected measured variable can be stored in the data memory 60 be temporarily stored and during a subsequent transmission period T - possibly together with current data of the detected measured variable - from the transmitting unit 20 be transmitted.

According to a further aspect, it is provided that the measured variable is one or more of the following group: acceleration, strain, torsion, temperature, rotor blade acceleration, rotor blade elongation, rotor blade torsion, rotor blade temperature. The sensor used in the sensor unit 10 is designed to detect the respective measured variable, ie z. B. as an acceleration sensor, strain sensor, torsion sensor, temperature sensor.

3 shows an exemplary course of the electric power P over time, which at the output of the power supply unit 30 is available. The available electrical power P is at any time dependent on how efficient the first energy harvesting device 31 and / or the second energy harvesting device 32 Gain energy from the current situation at that point in time. For example, over time, the vibration intensity in the rotor blade (eg, fluctuating wind conditions, gusts of wind, etc.) varies, suggesting an energy harvesting device 31 . 32 , which takes advantage of the vibrations, reflected in a fluctuating available power. The same applies to an energy harvesting facility 31 . 32 based on solar cells, which is illuminated by light with changing light intensity.

In 3 For example, the exemplary history P (t) begins between a first power threshold Thr1 and a second power threshold Thr2. Subsequently, the second power threshold Thr2 is exceeded, then again falls below. Below is the first one Power threshold Thr1 falls below, then again to exceed. Finally, the second power threshold Thr2 is again exceeded.

In embodiments, it is provided that the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 supplied when the first power threshold Thr1 is exceeded. The first power threshold Thr1 may be predetermined or definable. For example, the first power threshold Thr1 indicates a value above which a power supply of the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 certainly possible. It can also be provided that the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the energy storage 40 is supplied when the first power threshold Thr1 is exceeded.

In embodiments, it is provided that the energy store 40 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is charged when the second power threshold Thr2 is exceeded. The second power threshold Thr2 may be predetermined or definable. For example, the second power threshold Thr2 indicates a value above which a power supply of the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 is certainly possible and also enough energy is available to the energy storage 40 to load.

In the exemplary course of the power P (t) off 3 First, the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 provided. Upon the subsequent exceeding of the second power threshold Thr2 in addition to the energy storage 40 with energy from the power supply unit 30 getting charged. Upon the subsequent drop below the second power threshold Thr2, in turn, the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 supplied, and charging the energy storage 40 with energy from the power supply unit 30 would be temporarily terminated.

Subsequently, in the exemplary course, the power P (t) drops below the first power threshold Thr1, whereupon the power supply of the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is temporarily terminated, and the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the energy storage 40 is supplied. After then again the first power threshold Thr1 is exceeded, the power supply of the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 resumed. Finally, the second power threshold value Thr2 is again exceeded, whereupon, in turn, the energy store 40 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is loaded.

In 4 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transmission signal S in a sensor system 1 at a wind turbine 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The method according to the embodiment provides that the sensor system 1 a sensor unit 10 on a component of the wind turbine 100 comprising, wherein the component is preferably a rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 is. Furthermore, the sensor system comprises the following: A transmitting unit 20 for transmitting a transmission signal S via radio; a power supply device 30 with a first energy harvesting facility 31 and with a second energy harvesting device; an energy store 40 at least temporarily using energy from the first energy harvesting device 31 and / or from the second energy harvesting facility 32 is charged, and the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 at least temporarily supplied with energy.

In one step 1002 of the method according to the in 4 embodiment shown is by means of the sensor unit 10 at least one measured variable on the component of the wind turbine 100 detected. In a subsequent step 1004 a measurement data signal M derived from the measured quantity is generated. After that, in step 1006 by means of the transmitting unit 20 generates a transmission signal S from the measurement data signal M, and in step 1008 the transmission signal S is transmitted via radio.

In step 1009 It is determined whether a fixed or determinable first power threshold Thr1 of the currently available power from the power supply unit 30 is exceeded or fallen short of. If it is determined that the first power threshold Thr1 is exceeded, a one-step step 1010 in which the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is supplied, and then to step 1013 jumped. If it is determined that the first power threshold Thr1 is undershot, then in one step 1012 in which the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the energy storage 40 is supplied.

In step 1013 it is determined whether or not a fixed or determinable second power threshold Thr2 of the currently available power from the power supply unit 30 is exceeded. If it is determined that the second power threshold Thr2 is exceeded, comes with a step 1014 continued, in which the energy storage 40 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is loaded, then returns to step 1002 , If it is determined that the second power threshold Thr2 is not exceeded, a return is made to step 1002 ,

In 5 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transmission signal S in a sensor system 1 at a wind turbine 100 shown according to a further embodiment of the invention. This in 5 The method shown is similar to that in FIG 4 shown method, and it is in turn provided that the sensor system 1 a sensor unit 10 on a component of the wind turbine 100 comprising, wherein the component is preferably a rotor blade 111 . 112 . 113 is. Furthermore, the sensor system comprises the following: A transmitting unit 20 for transmitting a transmission signal S via radio; a power supply device 30 with a first energy harvesting facility 31 and with a second energy harvesting device; an energy store 40 at least temporarily using energy from the first energy harvesting device 31 and / or from the second energy harvesting facility 32 is charged, and the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 at least temporarily supplied with energy.

The receiving unit 50 is arranged such that during a rotation of a rotor 110 the wind turbine 100 a time-varying distance d to the transmitting unit 20 Has.

In one step 2002 of the method according to the in 5 embodiment shown is by means of the sensor unit 10 at least one measured variable on the component of the wind turbine 100 detected. In a subsequent step 2004 a measurement data signal M derived from the measured quantity is generated. After that, in step 2006 by means of the transmitting unit 20 generates a transmission signal S from the measurement data signal M.

In one step 2007 is now determined whether or not the distance d between the transmitting unit 20 and the receiving unit 50 falls below a fixed or determinable distance threshold dThr. If it is determined that the distance threshold dThr is fallen short of, then it is determined that there is a transmission period T, and with step 2008 continued. In step 2008 becomes the transmission signal from the transmission unit 20 to the receiving unit 50 transmitted and then with step 2009 continued. If it is determined that the distance threshold dThr is not fallen below, step 2009 continued.

In step 2009 It is determined whether a fixed or determinable first power threshold Thr1 of the currently available power from the power supply unit 30 is exceeded or fallen short of. If it is determined that the first power threshold Thr1 is exceeded, a one-step step 2010 in which the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the power supply unit 30 is supplied, and then to step 2013 jumped. If it is determined that the first power threshold Thr1 is undershot, then in one step 2012 in which the sensor unit 10 and / or the transmitting unit 20 with energy from the energy storage 40 is supplied.

In step 2013 it is determined whether or not a fixed or determinable second power threshold Thr2 of the currently available power from the power supply unit 30 is exceeded. If it is determined that the second power threshold Thr2 is exceeded, a one-step step 2014 continued, in which the energy storage 40 with energy from the power supply unit 40 is loaded, then returns to step 2002 , If it is determined that the second power threshold Thr2 is not exceeded, a return is made to step 2002 ,

It should be noted at this point that the aspects and embodiments described herein may be reasonably combined, and that certain aspects may be omitted where it is reasonable and possible within the skill of the art. Modifications and additions to the aspects described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 sensor system

10

 sensor unit

20

 transmission unit

25

 radio link

30

 Power supply unit

31

 first energy harvesting facility

32

 second energy harvesting facility

40

 energy storage

50

 receiver unit

55

 Directional antenna of the receiving unit

60

 data storage

100

 Wind turbine

110

 rotor

111

 first rotor blade

112

 second rotor blade

113

 third rotor blade

d

 Distance of the transmitting unit from the receiving unit

dmin

 Minimum distance of the transmitting unit from the receiving unit

dmax

 Maximum distance of the transmitting unit from the receiving unit

DTHR

 Threshold distance

T

 Transmission period

M

 Measurement data signal

Thr 1

 first power threshold

Thr 2

 second power threshold

S

 send signal

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 8718831 B2 [0003]

Claims (12)

Sensor system ( 1 ) for use on a technical installation, comprising: a sensor unit ( 10 ) for detecting at least one measured variable on a component of the technical system and for generating a measured data signal (M) derived from the at least one measured variable; a transmitting unit ( 20 ), to which the measurement data signal is supplied, for generating a transmission signal (S) from the measurement data signal (M), wherein the transmission unit ( 20 ) is adapted to transmit the transmission signal (S) via radio; a power supply unit ( 30 ) with a first energy harvesting facility ( 31 ) and at least one other energy harvesting facility ( 32 ); and an energy store ( 40 ), at least at times using energy from the first energy harvesting facility ( 31 ) and / or from the at least one further energy harvesting device ( 32 ), and which is adapted to the sensor unit ( 10 ) and / or the transmitting unit ( 20 ) at least temporarily to provide energy. Sensor system ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the technical installation is a wind turbine ( 100 ), and / or wherein the component is a rotor blade ( 111 . 112 ) of the wind turbine ( 100 ). Sensor system ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first energy harvesting device ( 31 ) and at least one of the at least one further energy harvesting device ( 32 Each of them uses a different energy conversion principle from the following group: conversion of kinetic energy excited by a rotation, conversion of kinetic energy excited by a vibration, conversion of energy from electromagnetic waves in the high frequency range, conversion of energy from electromagnetic waves in the optical range, conversion of Energy from a temperature gradient. Sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power supply unit ( 30 ) is adapted to at least one of sensor unit ( 10 ), Transmitting unit ( 20 ) and energy storage ( 40 ) at least temporarily with energy from the first energy harvesting device ( 31 ) and / or from the at least one further energy harvesting device ( 32 ) to supply. Sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor system ( 1 ) a receiving unit ( 50 ) for receiving the transmission signal (S) from the transmitting unit ( 20 ), wherein the receiving unit ( 50 ) can be arranged or arranged such that during a rotation of a rotor ( 110 ) of the wind turbine ( 100 ) a variable over time distance (d) to the transmitting unit ( 20 ), wherein the transmitting unit ( 20 ) is adapted to transmit the transmission signal (S) to the receiving unit during a transmission period (T) ( 50 ), wherein during the transmission period (T) the distance (d) of the transmitting unit ( 20 ) from the receiving unit ( 50 ) falls below a fixed or determinable distance threshold (dThr). Sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving unit ( 50 ) a directional antenna ( 55 ), wherein a preferred direction of the directional antenna ( 55 ) is alignable or oriented in one direction, from which at least temporarily the transmission signal from the transmitting unit ( 20 ) is expected. Sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor system ( 1 ) a data memory ( 60 ), which is designed to store the measured data signal (M) at least temporarily. Sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measured variable is one or more of the following group: acceleration, strain, torsion, temperature, rotor blade acceleration, rotor blade elongation, rotor blade torsion, rotor blade temperature. Use of the sensor system ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims on a wind turbine ( 100 ). Method for transmitting a transmission signal in a sensor system ( 1 ) on a component of a technical installation, in particular on a wind turbine ( 100 ), wherein the sensor system ( 1 ) comprises: a sensor unit ( 10 ) on the component of the technical system, preferably on a rotor blade ( 111 . 112 . 113 ) of the wind turbine ( 100 ); a transmitting unit ( 20 ) for transmitting a transmission signal via radio; a power supply unit ( 30 ) with a first energy harvesting facility ( 31 ) and a second energy harvesting facility ( 32 ); an energy store ( 40 ), at least at times using energy from the first energy harvesting facility ( 31 ) and / or from the second energy harvesting facility ( 32 ) and the sensor unit ( 10 ) and / or the transmitting unit ( 20 ) is at least temporarily energized, the method comprising: Detecting, by means of the sensor unit ( 10 ), at least one measured variable on the component and generating a measured data signal (M) derived from the at least one measured variable; Generating, by means of the transmitting unit ( 20 ), a transmission signal (S) from the measurement data signal (M) and transmitting the transmission signal (S) via radio; Supplying the sensor unit ( 10 ) and / or the transmitting unit ( 20 ) with energy from the power supply unit ( 30 ), when a fixed or determinable first power threshold (Thr1) of the currently available power from the power supply unit ( 30 ) and supplying the sensor unit ( 10 ) and / or the transmitting unit ( 20 ) with energy from the energy store ( 40 ), when the first power threshold (Thr1) is exceeded; Charging the energy store ( 40 ) with energy from the power supply unit ( 30 ) when a set or determinable second power threshold (Thr2) of the currently available power from the power supply unit is exceeded. Method according to claim 9, wherein the sensor system ( 1 ) a receiving unit ( 50 ) for receiving the transmission signal (S) from the transmitting unit ( 20 ), wherein the component is a rotor blade ( 111 . 112 ) of a wind turbine ( 100 ) and the receiving unit ( 50 ) is arranged such that during a rotation of a rotor ( 110 ) of the wind turbine ( 100 ) a variable over time distance (d) to the transmitting unit ( 20 ), wherein the transmission signal (S) during a transmission period (T) from the transmitting unit ( 20 ) to the receiving unit ( 50 ), wherein during the transmission period (T) the distance (d) of the transmitting unit ( 20 ) from the receiving unit ( 50 ) falls below a fixed or determinable distance threshold (dThr). The method of claim 10, wherein the sensor system ( 1 ) a data memory ( 60 ), wherein the measurement data signal (M) during a storage period in the data memory ( 60 ) is stored as a stored measurement data signal, wherein during the storage period at least temporarily the distance threshold (dThr) is exceeded, wherein the transmission signal (S) contains the stored measurement data signal.

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