DE102015108400B4 - An air conditioning system, a controller for operating a climate control system for a greenhouse, and a method for operating an air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an air conditioning system (1) for supplying a greenhouse (2) with CO2 enriched air, comprising: - a storage container (121) with a storage area (123) with CO2 storing material, the carbon dioxide in the storage of CO2 with the supply of heat Material flowing air releases, - a first supply line (124) for supplying the air into the storage container (121); and - a discharge conduit (128) for removing the CO2-enriched air, - means for heating the supplied air and thereby providing heat energy for releasing carbon dioxide from the CO2-storing material in the storage area (123).

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to devices for storing heat for the heating of air. Furthermore, the present invention relates to devices for heating and carbon dioxide fumigation of greenhouses.

State of the art

In mid-latitudes, the yield of crops can be increased by greenhouses. Due to the higher temperature in the greenhouse compared to the environment, the plant growth is improved compared to plants located outside the greenhouse. Furthermore, weather-related temperature fluctuations outside the greenhouse or weather fluctuations so can not affect the yield of crops.

The heating of the air in the greenhouse is usually caused by sunlight through the glass roof of the greenhouse. In particular, during the transitional seasons, however, it is often cloudy and thus reduced sunlight, which leads to significantly lower temperatures in the greenhouse. To increase the yield of crops, greenhouses are therefore often heated, thus extending the rearing and harvesting period and increasing the yield.

The heating of greenhouses is usually done for cost reasons by burning primary energy sources such. As natural gas, in or on the greenhouse.

It has also been found that further crop yield can be achieved by increasing the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) concentration in the greenhouse air. The burning of natural gas in greenhouses in this regard has the effect that, in addition to heat, CO _{2 is also} produced. Therefore, the burning of natural gas in greenhouses is a common method of heating greenhouses. From a sustainability point of view, the incineration of primary energy sources is not a preferred way to heat greenhouses.

On the other hand, in conventional power plants, such as coal power plants, a large amount of heat as potentially usable waste heat, and in addition emit such power plants large amounts of carbon dioxide, which can be separated from the flue gas and are available.

From the publication US 2009/0007779 A1 For example, a method of providing a CO ₂ -enriched gas to a greenhouse is known.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a climate control system for a greenhouse, can be provided with the heat energy and carbon dioxide in a sustainable way crops in a greenhouse, without having to resort to an additional combustion of fossil fuels in or at the greenhouse.

Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved by the air conditioning system for supplying a greenhouse with CO ₂ -enriched air according to claim 1, a control unit, a system and a method for operating a greenhouse with an air conditioning system according to the independent claims.

Further embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

• – einen Speicherbehälter mit einem Speicherbereich mit CO₂ speicherndem Material, das unter Zufuhr von Wärme Kohlendioxid in eine das CO₂ speichernde Material durchströmende Luft freisetzt,
• – eine erste Zuführungsleitung zum Zuführen der Luft in den Speicherbehälter;
• – eine Abführungsleitung zum Abführen der mit CO₂ angereicherten Luft, und
• – ein Mittel, um die zugeführte Luft zu erwärmen und dadurch Wärmeenergie zum Freisetzen von Kohlendioxid aus dem CO₂ speichernden Material im Speicherbereich bereitzustellen.

According to a first aspect, there is provided an air conditioning system for supplying a greenhouse with CO ₂ -enriched air, comprising:

• A storage container having a storage area with CO ₂ storing material which releases carbon dioxide into a CO ₂ storing material when air is supplied with heat,
• - A first supply line for supplying the air into the storage container;
• A discharge line for discharging the CO ₂ -enriched air, and
• - Means to heat the supplied air and thereby provide heat energy for releasing carbon dioxide from the CO ₂ storing material in the storage area.

An idea of the above air conditioning system is to provide this with a rechargeable heat storage and a rechargeable CO ₂ storage. The heat storage and the CO ₂ storage are provided to reversibly store and release heat and carbon dioxide. Thus, they can be charged at a location where heat and carbon dioxide are available, and by passing air, heated and carbon dioxide-enriched air can be provided for supply to a greenhouse.

By using a material or combination of materials that can act as a latent heat storage or thermochemical heat storage and as a CO ₂ storage, both heating and CO ₂ enrichment can be achieved by simply flowing air through it.

Furthermore, the CO ₂ storing material may be formed to provide energy for desorption of carbon dioxide by absorbing moisture from the air flowing through the CO ₂ storing material. In particular, the CO ₂ storing material may be configured to receive moisture from the air flow flowing through the CO ₂ storing material, to heat it, and thereby to provide the heat energy required for the release of carbon dioxide.

• – aminiertes silicabasiertes Adsorbens, z. B. Tri-PE-MCM-41, und
• – Zeolith.

In particular, the CO ₂ storing material, which also emits carbon dioxide by absorbing moisture, may contain at least one of the following materials:

• - Aminated silicon-based adsorbent, z. B. Tri-PE-MCM-41, and
• - zeolite.

It may be provided that the storage container comprises a storage area with heat-storing material, which is connected to the first supply line to first pass the air through the storage area with heat-storing material and this, in particular due to absorption of moisture from the air flowing through to to heat, wherein a second supply line is provided to guide the emerging from the storage area with heat storage material at least partially through the storage area with CO ₂ storing material.

By using a combination of materials with a first material, which can serve as a latent heat storage or as a thermochemical heat storage, and a downstream in the flow direction of the air second material, which desorbs carbon dioxide under the action of heat, a suitable combination of materials can be created. The CO ₂ storage can be charged at a CO ₂ source and the heat storage at a heat source, without the need for additional energy.

• – physikalische Adsorbentien, wie z. B. Zeolithe und Aktivkohlen,
• – chemische Adsorbentien, wie z. B. metallbasierte Adsorbentien, wie Calciumoxide und Magnesiumoxide, Lithiumzirkonate oder Hydrocalcit-haltige Verbindungen,
• – organische und organisch-anorganische Hybride, wie z. B. adsorptiv-gebundene Amine auf Oxidstrukturen, kovalent gebundene Amine auf Oxidstrukturen und Amine auf organischem Material gebunden, und
• – metallorganische Gerüstverbindungen MOF

According to one embodiment, the CO ₂ storing material may include at least one of the following materials:

• - Physical adsorbents, such as. As zeolites and activated carbons,
• - Chemical adsorbents, such as. As metal-based adsorbents such as calcium oxides and magnesium oxides, lithium zirconates or hydrocalcite-containing compounds,
• - organic and organic-inorganic hybrids, such as. B. adsorptively-bound amines on oxide structures, covalently bound amines on oxide structures and amines bound to organic material, and
• - organometallic frameworks MOF

It can be provided that the heat-storing material contains a latent heat storage material, in particular paraffin, salt hydrate and eutectic mixtures, in particular magnesium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, and / or a thermochemical storage material, in particular a zeolite, silica gel or a metal hydride.

In particular, as a heat-storing material, a thermochemical storage material can be used which releases heat while supplying moisture or water. This allows the device to be operated in the circuit with a greenhouse. The air to be heated is removed from the greenhouse. This air usually has a high humidity. The humid air to be heated can are then heated by dehumidifying in the heat-storing material and then be enriched in the CO ₂ -stichernden second material with carbon dioxide. The so heated, dehumidified and enriched with carbon dioxide air can be recycled to the greenhouse. As a result, the humidity inside the greenhouse can be reduced, whereby the susceptibility of the plants is reduced with respect to rot and fungal diseases.

• – Aktivkohle als wärmespeicherndes Material und Zeolith als CO₂ speicherndes Material;
• – hydrophiles Zeolith, z. B. 13X, als wärmespeicherndes Material und CO₂-Zeolith z. B. 5A als CO₂ speicherndes Material;
• – hydrophiles Zeolith, z. B. 13X als wärmespeicherndes Material und wasserunempfindliches MOF als CO₂ speicherndes Material.

Furthermore, the heat-storing material and / or the CO ₂ storing material may comprise one of the following material combinations:

• Activated carbon as heat storage material and zeolite as CO ₂ storing material;
• - Hydrophilic zeolite, z. B. 13X, as a heat storage material and CO ₂ zeolite z. B. 5A as CO ₂ storing material;
• - Hydrophilic zeolite, z. B. 13X as a heat storage material and water-resistant MOF as CO ₂ storing material.

• – Granulat in Form von Pellets, Kugeln oder unregelmäßig geformter Bruchkohle, insbesondere mit einer Korngröße zwischen 0,7 mm und 10 mm;
• – als ein- oder mehrlagiges Gewebe, wobei insbesondere das Gewebe das Material selbst ist, insbesondere mit einer Gewebeschichtdicke von zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mm, wobei das Gewebe insbesondere flächig gespannt, rohrartig gespannt, gewickelt oder geschichtet ist;
• – als ein- oder mehrlagiges Gewebe, wobei insbesondere das betreffende Material pulverförmig aufgetragen ist, insbesondere mit einer Gewebeschichtdicke von zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mm, wobei das Gewebe insbesondere flächig gespannt, rohrartig gespannt, gewickelt oder geschichtet ist;
• – mit Pulver beschichtete Lamellen;
• – mit Pulver beschichtete Gestricke;
• – mit Pulver beschichtete Platten.

According to one embodiment, the heat storage material and / or the CO ₂ storing material may each be provided in one of the following forms:

• - granules in the form of pellets, spheres or irregularly shaped coal, in particular with a particle size between 0.7 mm and 10 mm;
• - As a single- or multi-layer fabric, in particular the fabric is the material itself, in particular with a fabric layer thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, the fabric is particularly stretched flat, tube-like stretched, wound or layered;
• - As a single- or multi-ply tissue, in particular the material in question is applied in powder form, in particular with a fabric layer thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm, the fabric is in particular taut, tube-like stretched, wound or layered;
• - powder coated slats;
• - Powder coated knitwear;
• - Powder coated plates.

In another aspect, a controller is provided for operating the above air conditioning system, wherein the controller is configured to control the carbon dioxide and / or heat output from the air conditioning system.

In particular, the controller may control the carbon dioxide and / or heat output from the air conditioning system by adding the volume of air supplied to the storage area with CO ₂ storing material and / or the humidity of the storage tank containing CO ₂ storing material by admixing air Ambient air or steam is adjusted.

Alternatively or additionally, the controller may control the CO ₂ and / or heat output from the air conditioning system by adjusting the temperature of the air supplied to the CO ₂ storage material storage area by admixing ambient air or water vapor to remove carbon dioxide from the air Memory area with CO ₂ storing material to control.

The control unit can be designed to control the temperature and the CO ₂ content of the air discharged from the storage tank by adding to the discharged air a proportion of air determined by the control unit, in particular ambient air or air taken from a greenhouse.

In another aspect, the above air conditioning system is provided with the above controller.

In another aspect, there is provided a greenhouse system, the above air conditioning system, and the above controller, wherein the exhaust duct for discharging the CO ₂ -enriched air is coupled to the greenhouse so as to remove a portion of the CO ₂ -enriched air Supply air to the greenhouse.

In this regard, the first supply line may be coupled to the greenhouse so that a portion of the air supplied to the air conditioning system is removed from the greenhouse via an input line.

• – Bereitstellen des Speicherbehälters an einem Ort, an dem Wärme und Kohlendioxid bereitstehen, insbesondere an einem Kraftwerk, in dem fossile Energieträger als Primärenergieträger verwendet werden;
• – Speichern von CO₂ in einem CO₂-speichernden Material in dem Speicherbehälter;
• – Speichern von Wärme in einem wärmespeichernden Material in dem Speicherbehälter;
• – Transportieren des Speicherbehälters zu einem Gewächshaus, und
• – Durchleiten von Luft durch den Speicherbehälter, um mit CO₂ angereicherte und erwärmte Luft zu erhalten und diese in das Gewächshaus einzuleiten.

According to a further aspect, a method for operating an air conditioning system is provided, comprising the following steps:

• - Providing the storage container in a place where heat and carbon dioxide are available, in particular at a power plant, are used in the fossil fuels as a primary energy source;
• - storing CO ₂ in a CO ₂ storing material in the storage container;
• Storing heat in a heat-storing material in the storage container;
• - Transporting the storage container to a greenhouse, and
• - passing air through the storage container to obtain enriched with CO ₂ and heated air and these initiate in the greenhouse.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 a schematic representation of an air conditioning system with a control unit and a storage device.

Description of embodiments

1 shows an air conditioning system 1 for a greenhouse 2 in particular for the cultivation of crops. The air conditioning system 1 comprises a storage device 12 , The air conditioning system 1 can do this input air A from the environment or exhaust air from the greenhouse 2 using an exhaust duct 21 remove. The input air A can be supplied to a heat storage and a CO ₂ storage, heated there and enriched with carbon dioxide. The heated and enriched with CO ₂ supply air Z can via a supply line 22 in the greenhouse 2 be initiated so that there the growth conditions for the crops therein are improved.

Heat and stored carbon dioxide to enrich the exhaust air A are passed through the storage device 12 provided. In principle, the heating and the CO ₂ may be carried out enrichment of the inlet air A by a single material or a material combination of several, preferably two materials. The embodiment further described below relates to a storage device with a material combination of two materials.

The storage device 12 includes for a storage container 121 which can be implemented, for example, in the form of a standard ISO container. The storage tank 121 can be a first storage area 122 and a second storage area 123 have, which may be separate containers.

The first storage area 122 is filled with a first heat-storing material WM, which from a first input air flow E1 through a first supply line 124 flows through or flows around and thereby emits stored heat.

The heat-storing material WM may preferably comprise a charged latent storage material and / or a thermochemical storage material which, when simply flowing through the first supply line 124 heated first input air flow E1 and heated as the first output air flow A1 via a first discharge line 125 emits. The first output air flow A1 can either directly into the second storage area 123 or via a control unit 11 and a second supply line 127 as a second feed stream E2 into the second storage area 123 be directed.

The second memory area 123 contains a CO ₂ -sticherndes second material COM, the carbon dioxide, for example, receiving heat and / or absorption of moisture to the flowing or flowing air and this as a second output air stream A2 via the second discharge line 128 the control unit 11 or alternatively directly to the greenhouse 2 supplies.

If the over the second discharge line 128 discharged second output air flow A2 first the control unit 11 is supplied, the thus heated and enriched with CO ₂ air can now directly or after variable admixture of ambient air or the input air A from the exhaust duct 21 over the supply line 22 the greenhouse 2 be supplied.

In the exhaust duct 21 or the supply line 22 from or to the greenhouse 2 can an air pump 23 provided for driving the circulation of the air flow through the storage container 12 serves.

As the heat-storing material WM, a latent heat storage material (phase change material) can be used in which the heat is stored in the phase transition of a material. This so-called phase change material uses the enthalpy reversible thermodynamic state changes for storage of heat energy. The storage of heat in a phase change material occurs with almost no energy loss since the process of changing the phase state is completely reversible. Possible phase change materials include aqueous solutions, paraffins, salt hydrates and eutectic mixtures (storage salts, magnesium chloride (mp 117 ° C), sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite: (mp 142 ° C)).

The heat-storing material WM may alternatively or additionally comprise a thermochemical heat storage material. Thermochemical storage materials useful herein may include adsorption and / or absorption storage materials wherein heat is released by the addition of an adsorbent to an adsorbent due to an exothermic reaction. The desorption then corresponds to an endothermic reaction in which heat is absorbed or heat energy is stored.

An adsorption storage material is, for example, a solid with a very porous and large surface area at which the adsorbent used can be adsorbed.

Adsorptive storage materials include zeolites, silica gels and metal hydrides, the adsorbent in these cases being mostly water vapor or air-bound moisture. During the desorption, dry air heated by externally introduced desorption heat is passed through the adsorption storage material and the adsorbate (water) bound therein is dissolved in the adsorption storage material (adsorbent) and evaporated. The water vapor is now transported with the thereby cooled air from the adsorption storage material. During adsorption, the air flow conveys cool and moist air to the adsorptive storage material. The water vapor is absorbed or adsorbed in the adsorption storage material, whereby the heat of adsorption is released into the air. After the adsorption process, the air is heated and has a reduced air humidity.

An advantage of conventional adsorption storage materials is that they have no deterioration of the adsorption capacity under airtight seal and thus the heat supplied can be stored virtually lossless. Furthermore, there is a virtually unlimited reusability (reversibility), since adsorption storage materials usually have no aging.

Another group of thermochemical storage materials is the absorption storage materials. In the case of absorption storage materials, a water salt solution is brought to boiling during the desorption by supplied hot air in a so-called regenerator. Since the absorbent has a significantly higher boiling temperature than liquid water, the water first evaporates from the solution, which is transported away with a stream of air. This increases the concentration in the saline solution as an absorption storage material. During absorption, the now concentrated salt solution can dehumidify the air flow. The water vapor is absorbed in the concentrated salt solution, the solution re-enriches with water and is thereby diluted. The released heat of absorption can provide dry and heated air.

• – physikalische Adsorbentien, wie z. B. Zeolithe und Aktivkohlen,
• – chemische Adsorbentien, wie z. B. metallbasierte Adsorbentien, wie Calciumoxide und Magnesiumoxide, Lithiumzirkonate oder Hydrocalcit-haltige Verbindungen,
• – organische und organisch-anorganische Hybride, wie z. B. adsorptiv-gebundene Amine auf Oxidstrukturen, kovalent gebundene Amine auf Oxidstrukturen und Amine auf organischem Material gebunden, und
• – metallorganische Gerüste MOF

That in the second memory area 123 CO ₂ storing material COM can contain at least one of the following materials:

• - Physical adsorbents, such as. As zeolites and activated carbons,
• - Chemical adsorbents, such as. As metal-based adsorbents such as calcium oxides and magnesium oxides, lithium zirconates or hydrocalcite-containing compounds,
• - organic and organic-inorganic hybrids, such as. B. adsorptively-bound amines on oxide structures, covalently bound amines on oxide structures and amines bound to organic material, and
• - organometallic scaffolds MOF

These materials have in common that they can adsorb and desorb CO ₂ . In particular, carbon dioxide can be desorbed by absorbing heat and adsorbed with the release of heat carbon dioxide. In the overall process may be ambient air or preferably input air A from the greenhouse 2 passed through the heat-storing material WM and then passed through the CO ₂ storing material COM to supply air Z for supply to the greenhouse 2 to obtain.

The feed air Z in the feed line 22 is heated to the air of the first input air flow E1 and enriched with carbon dioxide. For this purpose, the heat-storing material WM and the CO ₂ storing material COM are coordinated so that the heating in the heat-storing material WM is sufficient to achieve a desorption of carbon dioxide in the CO ₂ storing material COM and the air at the outlet of the second storage area 122 is still heated with respect to the air of the first input air flow E1.

Since, as a rule, the heat-storing material WM also absorbs water in order to dissipate heat, the air humidity, that is to say the water content, of the water via the first supply line 124 supplied air of the first input air stream E1 is reduced, so that by storage container 121 air flowing through is simultaneously dehumidified. This has the advantage that the greenhouse compared to the absolute humidity of the incoming air A drier air is returned, whereby the susceptibility of crops in the greenhouse to rot and fungi is reduced.

Both for the heat-storing material WM in the first storage area 122 as well as for the CO ₂ storing material COM in the second storage area 123 it makes sense to achieve a good flow through the respective material at the same time large flow around areas, so that the heat release and CO ₂ desorption occurs sufficiently. This can be done, for example, by means of granularly provided heat-storing material WM and / or granularly provided CO ₂ storing material COM. A material provided as granules allows good flow through when the grain sizes in the range between 0.7 and 10 mm and are provided for example in the form of pellets, spheres or irregular shaped coal.

Alternatively, the material can also be provided as a fabric, in particular multi-layer fabric, in which the material is applied in powder form to a fabric. The fabric layer thicknesses may be, for example, between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. Due to the powdery applied material high flow areas can be achieved. By arranging several tissue layers one above the other, the heat or CO ₂ release can be increased. The fabric layers can be taut, tube-like stretched, wound or layered.

Furthermore, powder-coated fins can be provided, which are flowed around by the air carried through the storage areas. Furthermore, the powder may also be incorporated in crocheted.

The heat storage material WM and the CO ₂ storing material COM can be stored in the storage areas 122 . 123 be arranged in plates or to form meandering flow channels in order to achieve the largest possible flow around the materials.

When using granules as a heat storage material or CO ₂ -sticherndes material, the storage tank 121 Also elsewhere with heat or charged with CO ₂ heat-storing or CO ₂ -stützenden material are filled by pouring and the discharging material are removed by dumping from the storage tank.

As material combinations for the heat-storing material and CO ₂ -stichernde material the following are particularly suitable for the application for the air conditioning of a greenhouse. Heat-storing material WM CO ₂ -storing material Combination 1 activated carbon zeolite Combination 2 hydrophilic zeolite, e.g. Eg 13X CO ₂ zeolite, z. B. 5A Combination 3 hydrophilic zeolite, e.g. Eg 13X water-resistant MOF

Silica gel Tri-PE-MCM-41 and zeolite are also suitable for use as heat storage material WM and CO ₂ storing material COM, since CO _{2 is} desorbed by absorption of water or moisture and heat is released at the same time. Thus, the latter materials, in particular for a storage container 121 be used with only one storage area in which simultaneously flows through the single storage material CO ₂ and heat are released.

The storage device 12 can be stored in a transport container that holds the storage tank 121 be provided. The transport container can be used to charge the heat-storing material Heat energy and the CO ₂ -stichernden material with carbon dioxide to a power plant and / or a place where heat and CO ₂ are incurred transported. In particular, in a power plant that burns fossil fuels are available as waste heat large amounts of heat and large amounts of CO ₂ in the exhaust gas, which can be supplied to the materials of the storage container in a suitable manner and stored there. Subsequently, the storage container to the greenhouse to be air conditioned 2 transported and connected to this.

With the help of a control unit 11 can then selectively heat and CO ₂ from the storage tank 121 taken by a suitable flow and the greenhouse 2 be supplied.

The control unit 11 can (as in 1 shown) part of the air conditioning system 1 or separately attached to the greenhouse 2 be arranged.

The heat-storing material WM and the CO ₂ storing material COM can be adapted to each other so that when feeding from the greenhouse 2 discharged input air A via the first supply line 124 for example, with a temperature between 0 ° C and 20 ° C at the output of the first memory area 122 an air temperature between 60 ° C and 80 ° C can result. This input air A can either directly or initially via the control unit 11 as air of the first input air flow E1 in the first storage area 122 be directed.

If the input air A via the control unit 11 led, the controller can 11 the feeder of the greenhouse 2 taken input air A in the first storage area 122 over the first supply line 124 Taxes. As a manipulated variable is a volume flow, which enriched depending on the requested amount of heat to reduce the humidity with ambient air or enriched to increase the humidity with water vapor, so as to the registered in the air flow amount of heat in the first storage area 122 to regulate by the given intake of moisture.

The supply of ambient air can in a first mixer 111 done by the greenhouse 2 taken input air A by a control unit 112 adding a predetermined amount of ambient air or water vapor from a source of water vapor 113 feeds to control the humidity of the air of the first input air flow E1. Energy required for the provision of water vapor can, for example, be taken from the outlet air stream A1 (in FIG 1 not shown).

With the help of a circulation pump 23 , for example, in the exhaust duct 21 can be arranged, the thus generated air of the first input air flow E1 with a predetermined volume flow to the first storage area 122 fed.

Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided with the control unit 112 the Wärmeaustrag from the heat-storing material WM in the first storage area 122 by adjusting the volume flow of the air flowing through it, if the relative or absolute humidity of the greenhouse 2 taken inlet air A is sufficiently large to cause a certain heat loss from the heat-storing material WM.

In the second memory area 123 becomes part of the air in the first storage area 122 supplied heat energy used for the desorption of CO ₂ in the CO ₂ storing material COM.

In this case, the second memory area 123 cooled by passing air, so that these via the second discharge line 128 either directly to the greenhouse 2 or first the controller 11 is fed and then optionally unmixed or mixed with a proportion of ambient air or a proportion of the greenhouse 2 extracted input air A into the greenhouse 2 over the supply line 22 is returned.

It can be done using the control unit 112 the heat of the supply air Z in the greenhouse 2 be set to a temperature range, for example between 20 ° C and 30 ° C. The volume flow through the second storage area 123 and the temperature of the second supply line 127 supplied heated air should be adjusted so that the amount of CO ₂ that is supplied per unit time consumed amount of CO ₂ corresponds by the useful plants in the greenhouse. For example, a concentration of CO ₂ at the outlet of the second storage area may be between 3% by volume and 7% by volume. By admixing ambient air and / or the outlet air A from the exhaust air line 21 the temperature, the CO ₂ concentration and humidity of the second through the discharge conduit 128 discharged heated and CO ₂ -enriched air subsequently to the demand in the greenhouse 2 be adjusted.

With the help of a second mixer 114 , the first discharge pipe 125 with the second supply line 127 connects and is able to supply the air flow from the heat-storing material WM in the CO ₂ storing material COM a predetermined proportion of ambient air, may be particularly useful when the ambient temperatures are high, so that by a reduced flow through the heat-storing Material WM and supply of ambient air into the second mixer 114 less heat energy can be removed from the heat storage material and thus energy can be saved overall. This is advantageous if, at high ambient temperatures, a lower heat output for the greenhouse 2 is necessary, however, continues to be a CO ₂ entry into the greenhouse 2 to be made from the CO ₂ storing material COM. Furthermore, the heat required for the release of CO2 can be completely or partially removed from the environment, for example by the use of a solar collector or a heat pump.

With the help of a third mixer 115 may be the air flow A2 coming from the second storage area 123 is removed, ambient air and / or by means of a fourth mixer 116 from the greenhouse 2 removed input air A accordingly by the control unit 112 given proportions to temperature and CO ₂ concentration to the requirements in the greenhouse 2 adapt.

The control unit 112 in the control unit 11 may be provided with suitable sensors to measure temperature, humidity and CO ₂ concentration in the greenhouse 2 to detect the ambient air, the first exhaust air A1 discharged from the heat-accumulating material, and the second exhaust air A2 discharged from the CO ₂ storing material, and the corresponding interventions of the mixers 111 . 114 . 115 . 116 implement.

The division of the volumes of the storage container 121 in the first and second memory area 122 . 123 takes place according to the required CO ₂ and heat quantity and the specific storage capacities of the corresponding materials. For most material combinations, however, a proportion of the volume of the second storage area results 123 between 60% and 90%, in particular between 75% and 85% of the total storage volume.

Claims (16)

Air conditioning system ( 1 ) for the supply of a greenhouse ( 2 ) with CO ₂ enriched air, comprising: - a storage tank ( 121 ) with a memory area ( 123 ) with CO ₂ storing material, which releases carbon dioxide into a CO ₂ storing material by supplying heat with heat, - a first feed line ( 124 ) for supplying the air into the storage container ( 121 ); and a discharge line ( 128 ) for discharging the CO ₂ -enriched air, - means for heating the supplied air and thereby heat energy for releasing carbon dioxide from the CO ₂ storing material in the storage area (FIG. 123 ). Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the CO ₂ storing material is adapted to provide energy for desorption of carbon dioxide by absorbing moisture from the air flow flowing through the CO ₂ storing material. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to claim 2, wherein the CO ₂ storing material, which also releases carbon dioxide by absorbing moisture, contains at least one of the following materials: - silica gel Tri-PE-MCM-41; - zeolite. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the storage container ( 121 ) a memory area ( 122 ) with heat-storing material which communicates with the first supply line ( 124 ) is connected to the air first through the memory area ( 122 ) with heat-storing material and to heat them, in particular due to absorption of moisture from the air flowing through, wherein a second supply line ( 127 ) is provided in order to guide the heated air emerging from the storage area with heat-storing material at least partially through the storage area with CO ₂ storing material. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to claim 4, wherein the CO ₂ storing material contains at least one of the following materials: - physical adsorbents, in particular activated carbons; - thermochemical storage materials, in particular zeolites; - Chemical adsorbents, such as. As metal-based adsorbents, such as calcium oxides and magnesium oxides, lithium zirconates or Hydrocalcithaltige compounds, - organic and organic-inorganic hybrids, such as. B. adsorptively-bound amines on oxide structures, covalently bound amines bonded to oxide structures and amines on organic material, and - organometallic MOF frameworks. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the heat-storing material contains a latent heat storage material, in particular paraffin, salt hydrate and eutectic mixtures, in particular magnesium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite, and / or a thermochemical storage material, in particular a zeolite, silica gel or a metal hydride. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat storage material and / or the CO ₂ storing material comprises one of the following material combinations: - activated carbon as a heat storage material and zeolite as CO ₂ storing material; - Hydrophilic zeolite, z. B. 13X, as a heat storage material and CO ₂ zeolite 5A as CO ₂ storing material; - Hydrophilic zeolite, z. B. 13X as a heat storage material and water-resistant MOF as CO ₂ storing material. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat-storing material and / or the CO ₂ storing material are each provided in one of the following forms: granules in the form of pellets, spheres or irregular shaped charcoal, in particular with a grain size of 0, 7 mm to 10 mm; - As a single or multi-layer fabric of the heat-storing material and / or the CO ₂ storing material, in particular with a fabric layer thickness of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm and / or the fabric is particularly stretched flat, tube-like stretched, wound or layered ; - As a single- or multi-ply tissue, in particular the material in question is applied in powder form, in particular with a fabric layer thickness between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm, the fabric is particularly stretched flat, tube-like stretched, wound or layered; - powder coated slats; - Powder coated knitwear; - Powder coated plates. Control unit ( 11 ) for operating an air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control unit ( 11 ) is adapted to the CO ₂ and / or the heat output from the air conditioning system ( 1 ) to control. Control unit ( 11 ) according to claim 9, wherein the control device is designed to prevent the CO ₂ discharge and / or the heat emission from the air conditioning system ( 1 ) by controlling the volume flow and / or the humidity of the storage area ( 123 ) supplied with CO ₂ storing material and / or the storage area ( 122 ) is adjusted with heat-storing material supplied air by admixing ambient air or water vapor. Control unit ( 11 ) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the control device ( 11 Is formed) to the CO ₂ outgoings and / or the heat discharge from the air conditioning system ( 1 ) by controlling the temperature of the storage area ( 123 ) with CO ₂ storing material and / or the storage area ( 122 ) is adjusted with heat-storing material supplied air by admixing ambient air or water vapor to a discharge of carbon dioxide from the storage area ( 123 ) with CO ₂ storing material. Control unit ( 11 ) according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the control device ( 11 ) is adapted to the temperature and the CO ₂ content of the from the storage container ( 121 ) controlled by the air discharged by the control unit ( 11 ) a certain proportion of air, in particular ambient air or from a greenhouse ( 2 ) taken air. Air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8 with a control device ( 11 ) according to any one of claims 9 to 12. System with a greenhouse ( 2 ), an air conditioning system ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and with a control device ( 11 ) according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the discharge line ( 128 ) for discharging the CO ₂ -enriched air so with the greenhouse ( 2 Coupled) to a portion of the discharged CO ₂ enriched air as the supply air (Z) of the greenhouse ( 2 ). The system of claim 14, wherein the first supply line ( 124 ) so with the greenhouse ( 2 ) that part of the air conditioning system ( 1 ) supplied to the greenhouse ( 2 ) via an input line ( 21 ) is taken. Method for operating an air-conditioning system ( 1 ) comprising the following steps: - providing the storage container ( 121 ) in a place where heat and carbon dioxide are available, especially at a power plant where fossil fuels are used as primary energy sources; Storing CO ₂ in a CO ₂ storing material in the storage container ( 121 ); Storing heat in a heat-storing material in the storage container ( 121 ); - Transporting the storage container ( 121 ) to a greenhouse; and - passing air through the storage container ( 121 ) to obtain CO ₂ -enriched air and transfer it to the greenhouse ( 2 ).

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