DE102015009843A1 - Switchgear ladder arrangement and switchgear - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switchgear conductor arrangement (1a-1e), comprising a conductor, which is designed as a hollow cylinder, in particular a tubular conductor having a circular cross section; a first (2a-2d) and second cooling means (4a-4d) arranged on and / or in the hollow cylindrical conductor; and wherein, by means of the first (2a-2d) and the second (4a-4d) cooling device, it is possible to guide or guide at least one cooling medium (6a-6d) through the hollow-cylindrical conductor so that the temperature of the switchgear conductor is transferred to the cooling medium ( 6a-6d) is locally reducible and / or the thermal conductivity of the hollow cylindrical conductor is increased. The invention further relates to a switchgear (30a, 30b) comprising a branch (32) and at least one bus bar (14) connected by at least one such switchgear ladder arrangement.

Description

The invention relates to a switchgear conductor arrangement for electrically connecting at least one branch or a feed line or "feeder" with at least one busbar of a switchgear, in particular a low-voltage switchgear. Furthermore, the invention relates to a switchgear comprising at least one switchgear conductor arrangement according to the invention.

In a common electrical energy or power distribution system, at least one switchgear is provided which typically includes and / or provides at least one of electrical switches, fuses, or circuit breakers used to control, protect, isolate, and power various electrical equipment to supply.

In the low-voltage sector, switchgear for voltages up to 1 kV and for currents up to a few thousand amperes, in particular 6300 A, are used.

A switchgear or switchgear assembly always requires an incoming feeder and, in many cases, large outgoing feeder lines or outgoing feeder or utility lines to distribute energy to other parts of the particular installation. These feeder / feeder lines are connected to one side (top or bottom) connection by flat single curved copper link sets to the switchgear main busbar system. A second set of connections is used on the other side of the branch / feed line to connect cables or power lines. The connection sets are different based on the rated current and the branch frame size. Furthermore, the connection blocks or rail connectors at the branches / feed lines or conductor rails, in particular busbars / distributor rails, are different for all frame sizes.

Furthermore, the performance of the respective branch / feed line of the IP class of the switchgear and the ambient temperature of the substation location depends. In most cases, a derating factor for the branch current must also be used.

In many cases, an even larger branch / feeder or feeder must be selected, resulting in a larger amount of material, more difficult handling and processing, as well as higher costs and larger footprint.

A current or conductor rail is generally formed as a flat strip or rail of copper or aluminum, which typically has no function or minor function as a structural member. The maximum amount of current that can be safely carried by a busbar is determined by its cross-sectional size.

Depending on the particular application and / or size of the switchgear and the individual structure and customer requirements, the respective power or conductor rails must be pre-processed and individually assembled or installed for each switchgear.

Advantageously, flat strips are easy to assemble and / or handle, but after preprocessing on-site no short-term change in the structure is no longer possible. Further, the shape of the flat strip allows heat to be distributed due to its surface area, but according to the dense packing of the bus bars, particularly some layers, inside the switch cabinet depending on the applied current, the temperature within the housing may reach a critical value such that Electricity must be reduced and / or other cooling devices must be applied to the switchgear in order to avoid damage to the electrical devices within the switchgear.

Power or busbars are connected to the respective feeders / branches by electrically conductive connectors, hereafter also referred to as busbar connectors, which connectors are usually one of the largest point heat sources in today's switchgear. Conventional rail connectors are generally constructed as flat rails, which are cooled by heat conduction. When the connector is energized, it is heated due to its electrical resistance, in particular electrical resistivity, as well as the AC influences. The heat that is generated or generated by the rail connector is mainly derived by the structure of the switchgear or its structural components, such as frame and housing, which then distribute the heat energy by heat radiation and / or convection to the environment.

Since the busbar connectors heat up very easily, this can disadvantageously lead to an increased temperature within the switchgear, which affects the reliability and the life of the switchgear itself. If the life of the switchgear is reduced adversely, the intervals for the maintenance of the switchgear must be shortened to ensure a safe operation of the system, which in turn is associated with an increased effort. This applies in particular to circuit breakers in central positions, in particular for an input side circuit breaker of a switchgear, in which the heat distribution causes problems, so that the circuit breakers can not normally be used up to their electrical power limits, but in this regard, a sufficiently large buffer area is included, to damage to avoid. Also, the space available is limited, so that neither over-dimensioning of the circuit breaker seems necessary, nor is it possible to provide additional space- or space-consuming cooling devices and / or apply or connect.

In addition to the heat load of a circuit breaker, the thermal conductivity of a busbar is usually not high or large enough to cool the hot areas by the thermal properties / conductivity of the busbar itself.

In addition, connection kits are available for connecting a circuit breaker to the busbar system. In connection with this connection kit, distribution rails are used to connect the main busbar system. For measurement purposes, current transformers can be arranged on the distribution rails and / or electrically coupled to them. The mentioned current transformers are connected either with amperemeter or multimeter, which are placed in a measuring compartment or in the section cover.

The respective current transformers are typically selected according to the rated current of the circuit breaker, resulting in many variants of current transformers that differ electrically and mechanically as they must be selected depending on the size of the distribution bars.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an easy-to-use and individually configurable switchgear ladder assembly with improved cooling functionality.

This object is achieved by a switchgear conductor arrangement according to the features of claim 1. Further developments and embodiments of said arrangement as well as a switchgear comprising at least one of said conductor arrangements are given in the further claims and the following description.

• – einen Leiter, der als Hohlzylinder oder hohlzylindrischer Leiter ausgebildet ist, insbesondere einrohrförmigen Leiter mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt;
• – eine erste und zweite Kühleinrichtung, die am und/oder im hohlzylindrischenLeiter angeordnet sind; und wobei
• – mittels der ersten und der zweiten Kühleinrichtung ein Führen oder Leiten wenigstens eines Kühlmediums durch den hohlzylindrischen Leiter bewirkbar ist, so dass die Temperatur des Schaltanlagenleiters durch einen Wärmetransfer zum Kühlmedium lokal verringerbar ist und/oder die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des hohlzylindrischen Leiters erhöht wird.

The switchgear conductor arrangement according to the invention comprises

• - A conductor which is formed as a hollow cylinder or hollow cylindrical conductor, in particular a tubular conductor having a circular cross-section;
• A first and a second cooling device, which are arranged on and / or in the hollow cylindrical conductor; and where
• - By means of the first and the second cooling means guiding or guiding at least one cooling medium through the hollow cylindrical conductor is effected, so that the temperature of the switchgear conductor is locally reduced by a heat transfer to the cooling medium and / or the thermal conductivity of the hollow cylindrical conductor is increased.

Deviating from the circular geometry, the hollow cylindrical conductor can also have any other cross-sectional geometry, such as, for example, elliptical or polygonal,

The basic idea of the invention is that the switchgear conductor is provided as a hollow-cylindrical, in particular tubular, conductor, which advantageously allows any cooling medium to pass through the inner part of the hollow cylinder, in particular the tube, which significantly reduces the heat distribution compared to one not passed by a cooling medium perfused conductor improved.

The first cooling device and the second cooling device are mounted on the respective side of the switchgear conductor arrangement and in particular the hollow cylinder. The respective cooling devices are designed such that a gaseous and / or liquid cooling medium, for example cool air, can be guided or guided through the hollow cylinder and the switchgear conductor arrangement. Therefore, air can advantageously flow through the cylinder, resulting in an improved cooling rate. Ultimately, the heat energy generated in the conductor due to the electrical resistance and the AC losses of the conductor is advantageously distributed. The cooling medium can be, for example, any type of cooling medium which evaporates between the typical temperature of the conductor, for example between T = 50 ° degrees and T = 100 ° degrees.

• – ist das Kühlmedium eine Kühlflüssigkeit, wobei die Kühlflüssigkeit die Temperatur des hohlzylindrischen Leiters an einer lokalen Wärmequelle, beispielsweise einem hot-spot oder Heißpunkt einer Verbindungsstelle, durch Verdampfungskühlung verringert;
• – umfasst die erste Kühleinrichtung die Kühlflüssigkeit;
• – umfasst die zweite Kühleinrichtung wenigstens einen Kondensator beziehungsweise Kondensationsmittel, das ausgelegt und dafür eingerichtet ist, die verdampfte Kühlflüssigkeit zu kondensieren, so dass die kondensierte Kühlflüssigkeit zur ersten Kühleinrichtung rückführbar oder leitbar ist.

In a further embodiment of the invention

• - The cooling medium is a cooling liquid, wherein the cooling liquid reduces the temperature of the hollow cylindrical conductor at a local heat source, such as a hot spot or hot spot of a junction, by evaporative cooling;
• - The first cooling device comprises the cooling liquid;
• - The second cooling device comprises at least one condenser or condensing agent, which is designed and adapted to condense the evaporated cooling liquid, so that the condensed cooling liquid to the first cooling device is traceable or controllable.

The cooling medium is kept in the first cooling device, which may be, for example, as a closing element for closing and / or sealing the hollow cylinder and / or the switchgear conductor arrangement or a separate vessel which is mounted on the hollow cylinder.

Advantageously, any medium can be used as the cooling medium, which evaporates when the respective switchgear conductor is heated by the flow of current through the cylinder.

In one embodiment, the cooling medium is water, in particular demineralized water.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first and the second cooling device against the hollow cylinder, in particular the tubular conductor, electrically insulated by respective insulating means, wherein in a liquid cooling medium by utilizing the thermosiphon or heat pipe functionality always a gas and / or pressure tightness of the hollow cylindrical conductor with electrical insulation is to ensure.

Advantageously, the particular insulating agent of insulating material, in particular plastics and / or polymer composite materials and / or polyolefins and / or polyamides, such as PA6 or PA66, du / or polycarbonates and / or polystyrenes and / or polyuretanes and / or polypropylene propylene.

Advantageously, in order to ensure the pressure and / or gas tightness of the waveguide and insulating agent, the same can be provided with epoxy resins or the like.

According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first and the second cooling device are fluidly connected by at least one coolant line, in particular a tube, which is set up and designed to return the condensed cooling liquid from the second cooling device to the first cooling device.

By virtue of the condensed cooling liquid being able to be returned to the first cooling device through the at least one coolant line, in particular a tube from the second cooling device and / or condensing means, the efficiency of the cooling is further increased since two separate circuits for guiding the cooling medium are in use or provided. The first circuit is the conductor itself, in which the cooling medium is evaporated, and the vapor of the cooling medium rises until it reaches the second cooling device and / or the condenser.

In particular, the condenser cools the vaporized cooling medium and converts the vapor of the cooling medium back into liquid, wherein the liquid flows back through the coolant line, in particular the tube, and re-accumulates in the first cooling device or enters it.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the switchgear conductor arrangement comprises at least one measuring unit which is set up or adapted and designed to determine and / or measure at least the temperature value, in particular on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder and / or the tubular conductor.

In one embodiment, the measured temperature value may be processed and / or displayed on the outside of the switchgear. Here the temperature value can be read by technical personnel. Furthermore, the maximum and minimum temperature of the respective switchgear conductor can be stored to allow temperature tracking.

In another embodiment, the temperature variations may be used to advantage to predict the expected life of the switchgear conductor assembly, and thus the switchgear.

Furthermore, at least one measuring shunt may be provided, which comprises the measuring unit and which is designed to determine the current flow of the hollow cylinder or tubular conductor or through it. By providing the measuring shunt, the current flow and / or the voltage drop across the respective shunt can advantageously be determined. Advantageously, the measuring unit is arranged or arranged on the measuring shunt and measures or determines the voltage drop across the shunt resistor, which is equivalent to or correlates to the current in the hollow cylindrical conductor. By arranging the measuring unit above or on the shunt, the wiring effort can be advantageously reduced or reduced.

In a further embodiment, at least one of the measured values is forwarded to a control system. Since the measured temperature value and / or the measured current flow to a be forwarded to another control system, these values can be used to control the switchgear and / or switchgear devices. Therefore, if the temperature of the switchgear ladder assembly or the hollow cylinder exceeds or falls below a predefined value, the switchgear can be controlled so that the temperature and / or the current moves back into the appropriate range.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the cooling medium may be air which flows in through the first cooling device and flows out through the second cooling device. Therefore, the first cooling device is designed as an air inlet and the second cooling device is designed as an air outlet. The air inlet advantageously draws fresh and cool air from the outside of the switchgear box or housing into the inside of the switchgear ladder assembly and / or the hollow cylinder while the air outlet is designed to direct the heated airflow to the outside of the box or switchgear. Therefore, the respective conductor arrangement and thus the switchgear is effectively cooled. Since the switchgear ladder assembly is cooled by aeration, it can be conveniently cooled without significant design changes or great effort.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the air flow is accelerated by at least one air conveying device, in particular a fan. By further acceleration of the air flow by means of air conveying device, in particular a fan, the efficiency of the cooling process can be significantly increased. This leads to a higher cooling rate, therefore, the conductor arrangement can be advantageously provided with a larger current flow area.

The air conveyor, in particular the fan, moves or directs the hot or heated air through the hollow cylinder or tubular conductor after cool air is drawn or conveyed through the air inlet and expelled through the air outlet. Furthermore, advantageously at least one further conveying device, in particular a further fan, can be attached to and / or within the conductor, in particular in the middle of the conductor.

Further, the air conveyor mounted on the ladders, particularly fans, may be used in combination with a respective heat sink to increase the area of the heated area in contact with the air. This advantageously further increases the efficiency of the cooling. Furthermore, it would be advantageous to use air filters for the conveyor, in particular the inlet fan, in order to prevent dust from penetrating. The conveyor or blower provides two functionalities by not only preventing the conductor assembly from overheating and protecting the conductor assembly from overheating, but also the switchgear itself.

Further, a switchgear, in particular a low-voltage switchgear is provided, comprising a branch / feed line and at least one busbar, in particular busbar, which are connected by at least one switchgear conductor arrangement according to at least one of the embodiments described above.

In a further embodiment of the switchgear, a tubular distribution rail with an integrated measuring shunt and a measuring unit is provided, wherein the shunt is placed between a power switch connection and the main busbar connection and / or the connecting cables or rail lines.

Further, the measuring unit can be placed on the shunt and measures the voltage drop across the shunt resistor that is equivalent to or correlates to the current in the hollow cylindrical conductor.

In a further embodiment, the measuring unit can also measure the temperature of the hollow cylindrical conductor, wherein, in particular the tubular, formation of the conductor allows an additional improved cooling by means of the guided air flow to the distribution rails and a heat pipe function by the tube is closed at both ends and / / or an additional capacitor is provided, which can be arranged in particular outside the cabinet housing or box.

In addition, an electrical insulation between the capacitor and the hollow cylinder or tube can be provided.

Furthermore, a switchgear, in particular a low-voltage switchgear is claimed which comprises at least one switchgear conductor arrangement as described above and according to the invention.

Furthermore, a switchgear conductor arrangement can be provided for each phase.

In addition, in another embodiment, a combination of round tubes with integrated insulation fit is provided as a conductor to connect the branch to the main bus bar and to the connection cables or bus lines.

Furthermore, the conductor tube a plurality of tubes, in particular copper tubes, or conductor segments, each with an intermediate Have insulating segment of an insulating composite, deas insulating fit, said electrical insulation fit separates the upper and lower connection of the branch.

In a further embodiment, the conductor segments can be prefabricated in different lengths, so by combining two or more of said segments, the length of the hollow cylinder conductor can be adjusted according to the respective requirements.

Furthermore, at least one electrically insulating conductor segment is provided and / or arranged between two electrically conductive conductor segments, so two electrically conductive conductor segments, in particular of copper and / or aluminum, are insulated from one another.

It is advantageously conceivable that the insulating conductor segment or insulating segment is formed as a substantially hollow cylinder or at least hollow cylinder-like, in particular, the inner clear width of the insulating segment adapted to the inner clear width of the conductor segments and / or tuned.

Advantageously, the insulating segment of insulating material, such as in particular plastics and / or composite polymer materials and / or polyolefins and / or polyamides, such as PA6 or PA66, du / or polycarbonates and / or polystyrenes and / or polyuretanes and / or polypropylene propylene.

In addition, the end regions of the insulating segment and the electrically conductive segments are adapted to each other, wherein the insulating segment may have an annular circumferential groove in which engages the respective electrically conductive segment end over at least a portion and / or pressure and / or gas-tight shed each other. This allows the presence of only a straight, fluidically continuous hollow cylindrical conductor to connect the branch / feed line on one side with the main busbar and on the other side with the cables or busbars.

In another embodiment, to increase the cooling capacity of the conductors, the tube ends are connected to preferably flexible tubes of insulating materials.

These tubes are directed to openings in the lower front of the enclosure of the switchgear panel to bring cool air to the conductors and then remove warm air from the panel through openings at the top of the enclosure, wherein the airflow is by natural convection or by forced ventilation Air handling equipment, especially fans or blowers, can be achieved.

These features and other advantageous embodiments are included in the claims and are to be exemplified in the figures contained in the drawings attached to this description.

The attached drawings show in

1 . 1a a first tubular switchgear conductor, wherein an air flow is passed through a cooling device;

2 . 2a a second tubular switchgear conductor, with a cooling liquid which lowers the temperature by evaporation,

3 a third tubular switchgear conductor with a tube,

4 a fourth tubular switchgear conductor with a measuring unit,

5 a sectional view of a first exemplary switchgear and

6 : a second exemplary switchgear with air inlets.

1 shows a first exemplified tubular switchgear conductor 1a , wherein an air flow through cooling device 2a . 4a to be led. In this example, the cooling medium 6a an airflow passing through the tubular switchgear conductor 1a flows. The cooling equipment 2a . 4a are at the ends of the tubular conductor 3a appropriate. The tubular conductor 3a heats up when it gets power. When air enters the first cooling device 2a penetrates, which in this case is an air inlet, and through the tubular switchgear conductor 1a flows, becomes the tubular conductor 3a cooled from the inside. The simplest way to get the air through the tubular ladder 3a is natural convection, which can be positively promoted by a chimney effect, especially when the tubular conductor is vertically aligned.

In this figure is also a blower 20 at the first cooling device 2a appropriate. The fan 20 For example, it may be a fan or fan that increases the flow rate of air through forced ventilation. It is advantageously conceivable that some fans can be installed in the conductor itself, which is not explicitly indicated in the figure.

In 1a is essentially an arrangement after 1 with the specification of the blower ( 20 ) was rejected.

However, in 1a one of a plurality of tubes, in particular copper tubes, or conductor segments, in which case an upper 43a and a lower conductor segment 43b are provided, each with an intermediate insulating segments formed from a Isolierverbundstoff 45 stated composite conductor tube, wherein the insulating segments serve as insulation.

The conductor segments 43a . 43b have a different length, wherein, by combining two or more of said segments, the length of the entire hollow cylinder conductor according to the respective requirements is adaptable.

Furthermore, at least one electrically insulating conductor segment 45 provided and / or set up between two electrically conductive conductor segments, two electrically conductive conductor segments, in particular of copper and / or aluminum, are insulated from one another.

The insulating conductor segment or insulating segment 45 is also designed as a hollow cylinder or at least hollow cylinder-like, in particular, the inner clear width of the insulating segment adapted to the inner clear width of the conductor segments and / or is tuned to create the best possible Stömungsbedingungen.

The end areas of the respective insulating segment 45 and the electrically conductive segments 43a . 43b are matched to each other, with the respective insulating segment 45 an annular circumferential groove may have in which the respective electrically conductive segment 43a . 43b engages over at least a portion of the end and where all segments 45 . 43a . 43b pressure and / or gas-tight encapsulated with each other.

2 shows a second tubular switchgear conductor 1b with a coolant 6b which lowers the temperature by evaporation. The coolant 6b is in the first cooling device 2 B collected. The first cooling device 2 B and the second cooling device 4b with capacitor 8a are with the respective end of the tubular conductor 3b connected. The first cooling device, which acts as an evaporator, comprises a coolant reservoir, for example a collecting pan or a collecting pan, which is either directly connected to the tubular conductor 3b is connectable, or by a respective insulating means 10a . 10b with the tubular conductor 3b is connectable. The insulating agent 10a only provides an electrically insulating effect and no thermal insulation effect. Therefore, the cooling liquid 6b heated in the first cooling device of the conductor until it evaporates. The evaporated coolant 6b rises through the tubular ladder 3b to the second cooling device 4b on which a capacitor 8a includes. The capacitor 8a The vapor phase coolant condenses 6b and converts them from the gas phase back into the liquid phase, wherein the condensed cooling liquid 6b through the tubular conductor 3b is returned to the first cooling device. An exemplary cooling medium is water.

In 2a discloses an exemplary embodiment of the conductor arrangement and the switchgear according to the invention, which shows the combination of round tubes with integrated insulation 10a . 10b as a leader 3d to the branch 32 with the main busbar 34 and the connection cables 40 or to connect rail lines, and active cooling of the conductor with cooling liquid 6d presents. The conductor tube 3d consists of copper pipes with an integrated insulating composite, which acts as an electrical insulation fit between the upper and lower connection of the branch 32 serves, and also around the outside of the housing arranged capacitor 8c to isolate. This allows the presence of only a straight conductor 3d to the branch 32 on one side with the main busbar 34 and on the other side to connect with the cables or rail lines. To increase the power, the tubular conductor becomes 3d designed as a heat pipe. The above-described tubular conductor is closed and the pipe is partly with coolant 6d filled, wherein the first acting as an evaporator cooling device 2d integral part of the pipe 1d is. The top of the ladder is an electrically insulated guide tube 42 connected. This guide tube 42 is with the capacitor 8c , which forms the second cooling device connected to the outside of the cabinet housing 48 or panels is arranged. Furthermore, a measuring unit 14 provided, which is a measuring shunt 16 where the measuring shunt 16 is designed to control the current flow of a tubular conductor 3d to eat. The measuring unit 14 is further designed, the temperature value of the conductor 3d to determine.

3 shows a third switchboard conductor 1c with a pipe 12 , Similar to the previous one 2 includes the switchgear conductor 1c a first cooling device 2c , wherein cooling liquid 6c is kept in a reservoir of the first cooling device, wherein the cooling liquid 6c evaporates when heated and to the condenser 8b the second cooling device 4c rises. The coolant 6c condenses in the condenser 8b and flows, in contrast to the embodiment according to 2 , through a separate coolant pipe, the pipe 12 . back. By providing and / or integrating a coolant line for the return of the coolant into the reservoir, namely pipe 12 , in the switchboard ladder 1c becomes the ascending path of the cooling medium 6c separated from the descending path.

4 shows a fourth tubular switchgear conductor 1d with a measuring unit 14 and a first cooling device 2d , wherein cooling liquid 6d is kept in a reservoir of the first cooling device, wherein the cooling liquid 6d evaporates when heated and to the condenser 8c the second cooling device 4d rises. The coolant 6d condenses in the condenser 8c and flows over the hollow cylindrical conductor 3d to the first cooling device 2d , the evaporator, back. The measuring unit 14 includes a measuring shunt 16 , where the measuring shunt 16 is designed to control the current flow of a tubular conductor 3d to eat. The measuring unit 14 is further designed, the temperature value of the conductor 3d to determine. When the respective temperature and / or current flow value is measured, these values become the control system 18 transferred. The tax system 18 is designed to control the switchgear, so that in case of overheating of the conductor, the power supply to the conductor is reduced.

The figure shows a tubular distribution rail training with integrated measuring shunt and measuring unit. The shunt is arranged between the circuit breaker connection and the main busbar connection and / or the connection cables or busbars. The measuring unit is placed at the shunt and measures the voltage drop across the shunt resistor, which is equivalent to the current in the hollow cylindrical conductor. The measuring unit can also measure the temperature of the hollow cylindrical conductor. The shunt measurement is with the embodiments according to 1 . 1a and 2 . 2a such as 3 combined

5 shows a sectional view of a first exemplary switchgear 30a , The switchgear 30a includes a branch 32 and some busbars 34 , The switchboard conductor 1e connects the branch 32 with the main busbar. Typically, the conductor is copper tubing with an integral insulator 10c , which serves as an electrical insulation fit. The insulating agent 10c separates the upper and lower connection of the branch. This allows the presence of only one straight conductor to connect the branch on one side to the main busbar and on the other side to the cables or busbars.

To increase the power of the conductors, the pipe ends are connected to flexible pipes of insulating materials. These tubes are directed to openings in the lower front of the switchgear panel housing to deliver cool air to the conductors and then remove warm air from the panel or enclosure housing through openings at the top of the housing. The air flow can be achieved by natural convection or by forced ventilation with fans.

6 shows a second exemplary switchgear 30b with air inlets 36 , The air inlets are designed to allow air to flow from the outside through the respective conductors, the conductors being covered by the switchgear housing. To increase the power of the conductors, the pipe ends are connected to flexible pipes of insulating materials. These tubes are directed to openings in the lower front of the switchgear panel housing to deliver cool air to the conductors and then remove warm air from the panel through openings at the top of the housing. The air flow can be achieved by natural convection or by forced ventilation with fans.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1a

First switchboard conductor

1b

Second switchgear conductor

1c

Third switchboard conductor

1d

Fourth switchgear conductor

1e

Fifth switchgear conductor

2a

First cooling device

2 B

Further first cooling device

2c

Further first cooling device

2d

Further first cooling device

3a

First tubular conductor

3b

Second tubular conductor

3c

Third tubular conductor

3d

Fourth tubular conductor

3d

Fifth tubular conductor

4a

Second cooling device

4b

Further second cooling device

4c

Further second cooling device

6a

cooling medium

6b

Further cooling liquid

6c

Further cooling liquid

6d

Further cooling liquid

8a

First capacitor

8b

Second capacitor

8c

Third capacitor

8d

Fourth capacitor

10a

First insulating agent

10b

Second insulating agent

10c

Third insulating agent

10d

Fourth insulating agent

12

pipe

14

measuring unit

16

Measuring shunt

18

control system

20

fan

30a

First switchgear

30b

Second switchgear

32

junction

34

conductor rail

36

air intake

40

cable connection

42

guide tube

43a

Upper conductor segment

43b

lower conductor segment

45

insulating segment

48

Enclosure / switchgear housing

Claims (10)

Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a - 1e ) comprising: a conductor formed as a hollow cylindrical conductor or a hollow cylindrical conductor, in particular a tubular conductor having a circular cross section; - a first ( 2a - 2d ) and second ( 4a - 4d ) Cooling device, which are arranged on and / or in the hollow cylindrical conductor; and - wherein by means of the first and the second cooling device, a guiding or guiding at least one cooling medium through the hollow cylindrical conductor is effected, so that the temperature of the switchgear conductor is locally reduced by a heat transfer to the cooling medium and / or the thermal conductivity of the hollow cylindrical conductor is increased. Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a - 1e ) according to claim 1, characterized in that - the cooling medium ( 6a - 6d ) a cooling liquid ( 6b - 6d ), wherein the cooling liquid is the temperature of the hollow cylindrical conductor ( 3c - 3d ) at a local heat source, such as a hot spot or hot spot of a joint, reduced by evaporative cooling; The first cooling device ( 2 B - 2d ) receives and / or holds the cooling liquid and has an evaporator; and - the second cooling device ( 4b - 4d ) at least one capacitor ( 8a - 8c ), which is designed and adapted to the vaporized cooling liquid ( 6b - 6d ) to condense the condensed cooling liquid to the first cooling device ( 2 B - 2d ) is traceable or conductive. Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a - 1e ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and the second cooling device ( 2a . 2 B . 4a . 4b ) against the tubular conductor ( 3a - 3d ) by a respective insulating means ( 10a . 10b ) are electrically isolated. Switchgear ladder ( 1a - 1e ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and the second cooling device ( 2a . 2 B . 4a . 4b ) with at least one coolant line, in particular a tube ( 12 ), which is designed to charge the condensed cooling liquid ( 6b ) from the second cooling device ( 4a - 4c ) to the first cooling device ( 2a - 2c ) respectively. Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a - 1e ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubular conductor ( 3a - 3d ) at least one measuring unit ( 14 ), which is designed to at least the temperature value at least on the outer surface of the tubular conductor ( 3a - 3d ) to eat. Switchgear ladder ( 1a - 1e ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the measuring unit ( 14 ) at least one measuring shunt ( 16 ), with which the current flow of the tubular conductor ( 3a - 3d ) is determinable. Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a - 1e ) according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the measured values is sent to a control system ( 18 ) is forwarded. Switchgear conductor arrangement ( 1a ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling medium ( 6a ) Is air passing through the first cooling device ( 2a ), which in particular forms the air inlet of the hollow cylindrical conductor, flows in and through the second cooling device ( 4a ), which in particular forms the air outlet of the hollow cylindrical conductor, flows out. Switchgear ladder ( 1a ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the air flow through at least one blower ( 20 ) is accelerated. Switchgear ( 30a . 30b ), in particular a low-voltage switchgear comprising a branch ( 12 ) and at least one busbar ( 14 ), which are connected by at least one switchgear conductor arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9.

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