DE102014223578A1 - Energy storage device for engine assistance - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage device for assisting a motor when driving a load, wherein the energy storage device has an input shaft for the motor, an output shaft for the load and a mechanical energy storage element, wherein the mechanical energy storage element is set by a rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft in a first direction to be charged and discharged by a rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft in a second direction.

Description

The invention relates to an energy storage device for engine assistance, in particular for supporting a clutch actuator motor.

In the valuable contribution to the state of the art DE 10 2009 019 581 A1 is a lever actuator disclosed with an energy storage, by means of which an over-determination of the mechanical design and thus high bearing loads and loads on the actuator spindle can be avoided.

The present invention was based on the object to improve the state of the art, in particular to reduce a motor power required for the operation of a clutch while maintaining a high degree of application flexibility.

This object is achieved, in particular, by an energy storage device for assisting a motor in driving a load, wherein the energy storage device comprises an input shaft for the motor, an output shaft for the load, preferably different from the input shaft, and preferably with the input shaft and / or the output shaft kinematically coupled, mechanical energy storage element, wherein the mechanical energy storage element is adapted to be charged by a rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft, preferably both waves in a first direction and to be discharged by a rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft in a second direction ,

The engine is preferably an engine in a vehicle, more preferably a clutch actuator motor. The load is particularly preferably an actuating device of a clutch, preferably via a clutch actuator.

This achieves a reduction in the necessary engine power, since the energy storage element in driving the load, e.g. Actuation of the clutch (engagement in a "normally-open" or no clutch, disengagement in a "normally-closed" nc clutch - second direction of rotation), can give energy and thus the engine, e.g. Clutch actuator motor, supported and in the other case (for example, disengaging a no clutch or engaging in a nc clutch - first rotational direction) can absorb energy for later delivery. Thus, an energy recovery is possible and a use of both directions of rotation of the engine, in particular clutch actuator motor. In particular, a higher application flexibility is achieved in comparison to the prior art, because the device according to the invention is flexible and universally applicable due to their input and output shafts, since it is in the kinematic chain between the motor shaft, in particular clutch actuator motor, and load input shaft, in particular a clutch actuator, interposed , The energy storage device is thus usable as a modular, suitable for various applications energy storage, which can be coupled in a transmission between different existing waves. In particular, it is an energy storage device for applications that have a main force direction (main momentary direction).

Preferably, the energy storage device is provided as an additional module in a clutch actuator. Especially with direct-operated clutches, where long dead paths with low loads and short distances with high load and high dynamic demand must be driven.

A mechanical energy storage element is preferably a component which can absorb and release mechanical energy by elastic deformation. For example, it is a spring, e.g. Coil spring or coil spring.

The input shaft (or drive) is preferably connected to a motor shaft (e.g., the clutch actuator motor). The output shaft (or output) is preferably connected to the load (e.g., the actuator of the clutch, preferably via the clutch actuator, and there, for example, to a spindle of a clutch actuator). Preferably, there exists between the input shaft and the output shaft, preferably only apart from a low elasticity by e.g. a sensing element for sensing a moment between input and output shafts, which is preferably used to control a switching mechanism, a direct, preferably constant angular relationship.

Particularly preferably, the energy storage device is movable in the second direction without discharge, if no assistance of the engine is needed. For this purpose, the device preferably has one, preferably two freewheels, of which at least one freewheel is load-dependent switchable, i. that the input of the freewheel and the output of the freewheel are coupled in a switching state in one direction of rotation and decoupled in the other and are decoupled in another switching state in both directions of rotation.

The energy storage device particularly preferably has a transmission, for example a planetary gearset or a planetary gearbox, by means of which there is a translated coupling between the energy storage element and the input shaft and / or the output shaft. As a result, a power / torque-translated charging and supporting the motor by the energy storage element is possible. Preferably, the Energy storage device additionally freewheels, which preferably couple or decouple movements between gear parts in certain directions.

Preferably, no reversal of the direction of force occurs at the input shaft during actuation of the energy storage device. This avoids a play passage which is e.g. Could wear out bearings more heavily.

In the context of the description of this invention, the term (kinematically) coupled or coupled is preferably understood to mean the presence of a mechanical connection between two components which directly or indirectly transmits a movement (for example rotational movement) of the one component into a movement of the other component. Decoupling or decoupling (kinematically) is preferably understood to mean the absence of such a mechanical connection of two components.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the motor is a clutch actuator motor, preferably a dual clutch actuator motor, and the load is an actuating device of a clutch, preferably a double clutch, in particular a clutch actuator, preferably a dual clutch actuator.

As a result, the advantages already mentioned are now obtained in relation to a clutch actuator. In particular, no specially adapted for different applications Hebelaktor or other compensation mechanism must be used. In addition, it is possible to provide an automatic wear adjustment already in the energy storage device due to the support of a rotational movement, so that no separate wear adjustment is necessary.

Preferably, an automatic wear adjustment is integrated in the energy storage device by means of a torque-dependent freewheel (for example the first freewheel described below), preferably in conjunction with a slip clutch (for example the slip clutch described below). Preferably, the input shaft is coupled to a clutch actuator motor and the output shaft is coupled to an actuator of a clutch, preferably by means of a clutch actuator, e.g. a spindle of a clutch actuator. Preferably, the energy storage device is integrated into a (dual) clutch actuator (e.g., a so-called PowerPack). For example, At least one of the shafts of the energy storage device is coupled to a shaft of the actuator at any point in the kinematic chain of the actuator.

An actuating device of a clutch is preferably a device which either engages (disengages or disengages) the clutch by means of a mechanical adjustment path. For example, it is an engagement or release bearing a releasable coupling.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, this has an automatic switching mechanism, preferably a mechanical switching mechanism, by means of which the energy storage element in the rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft, preferably both waves, in the first direction with at least one of the waves of input shaft and output shaft, preferred two waves, is coupled and by means of which in the rotational movement of the input shaft or the output shaft, preferably both waves, in the second direction, the energy storage element in response to a transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft torque with at least one of the waves of input shaft and output shaft, preferably both Waves, coupled in a switching state and decoupled in another switching state.

In this way, a charge of the energy storage element is always possible when there is a rotational movement in the first direction. If there is a rotational movement in the second direction, a load-dependent discharge is made possible.

A coupling between one of the shafts and the energy storage element is preferably present if, with a rotation of the shaft, an elastic deformation or re-deformation of the energy storage element preferably via a movement transformation, e.g. a gear or a cable, goes along. Decoupling is preferred when no such deformation or recovery is associated with rotation of a shaft.

Depending on a torque between the input shaft and the output shaft coupling or decoupling takes place by means of the switching mechanism preferably by a torque sensor (eg Sensierelement) converts the transmitted torque in a specific, directed deflection of the torque sensor and by the deflection in case of exceeding or falling below a torque threshold mechanical switching operation is triggered, which couples the energy storage element when the threshold value is exceeded and decoupled when falling below the threshold, preferably by means of a switchable freewheel, for example the first freewheel described later.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the switching mechanism consists of a purely mechanical switching mechanism.

As a result, the device can be flexibly used as an additional module for driving and requires no additional electrical control.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the switching mechanism comprises a sensing element coupled between the input shaft and the output shaft, a switching element connected to the sensing element, a first freewheel and a second freewheel and by means of a transmitted through the Sensierelement in dependence of between the input shaft and the output shaft and in the Sensierelement acting torque generated movement of the switching element is a blocking element of the first freewheel deactivatable.

As a result, the activation of the support by means of a load-dependent control of one of the two freewheels is feasible.

Preferably, the energy storage element is arranged kinematically between the freewheel input and the freewheel output of the first freewheel, i. in particular if the first freewheel is rotated in its decoupling direction, the energy storage element is deformed more and more. By Rückstellsperrwirkung the blocking element of the first freewheel an automatic recovery of the energy storage element is blocked. The first freewheel blocks the movement in the unloading direction and thus ensures that the energy store is charged in one direction of rotation.

Preferably, the second freewheel is coupled to the first freewheel, wherein the freewheel output of the second freewheel is fixed to the housing and the freewheel input of the second freewheel is coupled to the freewheel output of the first freewheel. The freewheel input of the first freewheel is preferably kinematically coupled to the input shaft and / or the output shaft or to at least one of these shafts and the sensing element. The two freewheels are preferably coupled in opposite directions, i. e.g. while the first freewheel decouples its freewheel input and freewheel output in the first direction of rotation and couples in the second direction of rotation, the second freewheel couples its freewheel input and output in the first direction of rotation and decouples them in the second direction of rotation. In the discharge direction of the energy storage, if no switching movement of the switching element is performed, rotated, in which case the second freewheel runs free.

A sensing element is preferably an element that converts a moment into a particular relative movement (e.g., axial displacement or deflection, shear, or torsion). It is e.g. a Sensierrad which undergoes an axial displacement in response to a moment via an axial wedge or ramp contour for input and / or output or which experiences an elastic connection depending on the torque depending on input and / or output. It is preferably arranged kinematically between the input and output shafts of the energy storage device. The sensing element is preferably coupled between drive and output (input shaft and output shaft). The purpose of the Sensierelement is to sense the load (the moment) on the output and to switch the first freewheel and preferably a connection point of the energy storage element. This circuit works, for example, via an axial displacement, which is triggered by the output torque and a ramp.

A switching element connected to the sensing element is preferably a linkage which controls the relative movement of the sensing element to a blocking element of the first freewheel, e.g. to a pivot point of a pawl, passes. Depending on the relative movement of the Sensierelements the blocking element is thereby brought into a blocking position, so that a normal freewheel with coupling in one direction, or it is brought out of the blocking position, whereby the freewheel is decoupled in both directions.

A blocking element of a freewheel is e.g. one (or more) pinch roller (s), clamp body, pawl (s), toothed disc (s) and / or wrap spring (s). If a blocking element is deactivated, the freewheel is open in both directions, so that a relative movement of input and output of the freewheel in both directions is possible, instead of as in not deactivated blocking element in only one direction. Preferably, the first freewheel is opened or closed, as it were, by the switching element.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, this has a transmission gear and the energy storage element is preferably coupled by means of the switching mechanism, depending on a transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft torque in one of at least two possible translations with at least one of the waves of the input shaft and output shaft.

In this way, the discharge (support) and / or the charge can be load-dependent in at least two translation stages. The gear ratio a: b, where a is the rotation of the output shaft and b is the rotation of the component on which the energy storage element is arranged, is at low load (ie low torque), ie below a translation circuit threshold, higher than at high load (or low load). high moment). Preferably, a support is at a low torque in gear ratio of greater than 1: 1 before (eg 2: 1, ie 2 revolutions of the output shaft in a revolution of the component on which the energy storage element is arranged). The discharge then takes place at a low moment and lasts longer. Preferably, there is support at a high torque (above a gear shift threshold) in a 1: 1 gear ratio or less than 1: 1 (eg 1: 2, ie 1 turn of the output shaft at 2 revolutions of the component on which the energy storage element is located). The discharge then takes place at a high moment and is shorter.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the transmission gear is a planetary gear.

As a result, a particularly compact design with translation is possible, which in particular allows a very advantageous and easy positioning of the freewheels.

The energy storage element is preferably housed in a planetary gear set. In a first embodiment variant, the input shaft and output shaft of the energy storage device are in kinematic, preferably direct (i.e., preferably without intermediate component) coupling with the ring gear. In another embodiment, the input shaft and output shaft of the energy storage device are in kinematic, preferably direct coupling with the sun gear of the planetary gear

Preferably, the position of the energy storage element, e.g. Memory spring, from the position of the input shaft and output shaft. If these are on the ring gear, it is in the normal state between the bridge and the sun gear, wherein a connection point of the energy storage element is located on the bridge and another on the sun gear. Are input and output shaft coupled to the sun gear (direct), it is initially arranged between web and ring gear, with a connection point of the energy storage element is located on the web and another on the ring gear. The energy storage element is preferably designed as a spiral spring.

Preferably, the first freewheel in the planetary gear set is installed between the same elements as the accumulator spring in the unloaded state. It controls or blocks the movement of these elements relative to each other initially in the unloading direction. It ensures that the energy storage is charged in one direction of rotation. In the other direction of rotation of the energy storage, if no signal comes from the switching mechanism, rotated. The switch opens the freewheel.

Preferably, the second freewheel is located on the element, which is connected by memory spring and first freewheel with the web. The second freewheel is fixed to the housing on one side. The direction of rotation is therefore not blocked relatively, as in the first freewheel, but absolutely.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the energy storage element can be coupled by a displacement of a connection point of the mechanical energy storage element in the at least two possible translations with the at least one of the shafts of input shaft and output shaft.

As a result, a ratio change is controlled by means of a load-dependent change in the spring connection.

Preferably, the switching mechanism is configured to switch between the at least two translations by shifting a connection point of the mechanical energy storage element.

In a first embodiment with a planetary gear as a transmission gear are the input shaft and output shaft of the energy storage device in kinematic direct coupling with the ring gear and the energy storage element is connected to the sun gear and depending on the ratio of the web of the planetary gear or the ring gear. In another embodiment, the input shaft and output shaft of the energy storage device are in kinematic direct coupling with the sun gear of the planetary gear and the energy storage element is connected to the ring gear of the planetary gear and connected depending on the ratio with the web or the ring gear.

Preferably, the switching mechanism for changing a connection point of the energy storage element on another, preferably connected to the Sensierelement switching element, or the same switching element, which already blocks the first freewheel or decoupled.

Preferably, the energy storage element is connected to the driven element as the load increases through the sensing element in order to provide great support.

For example, the energy storage element has two different attachment means, such as eyelets or hooks for hanging in ring gear or bridge (first embodiment) or in web or sun gear (other design). Depending on the axial displacement of the switching element is either the one fastening means with the ring gear (other design: with the Web) and the other fastener free (or at least by the energy storage element unloaded) or one fastener is free (or at least by the energy storage element unloaded) and the other fastener is connected to the web (other version: with the sun).

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the switching mechanism is set up to perform a switching operation between the at least two translations likewise by means of the movement generated by the sensing element as a function of the torque acting in the sensing element.

As a result, a realization with few components is possible because only one sensing element is required. In addition, the switching of the translation and the activation / deactivation of the first freewheel are coordinated because the same sensing element is used.

Preferably, load-controlled unloading (decoupling of the freewheel) and the change in the ratio (e.g., change in spring connection) via the same sensing element occur in a continuous movement of a switching element, e.g. Shift rod or linkage.

In a further energy storage device according to the invention, the energy storage element is coupled to a slip clutch.

This prevents overcharging of the energy storage element (e.g., the storage spring). Furthermore, this achieves a further wear adjustment. Preferably, the slip clutch is fixed to the housing on one side of the coupling and the energy storage element is coupled to the other side.

The invention will now be exemplified by way of drawings. Show it:

1 Phases of charging and discharging cycles of an energy storage device according to the invention,

2 an energy storage device according to the invention with a charge / discharge behavior as in 1 , wherein a planetary gear is available as a transmission gear and take place drive and output via the ring gear,

3 - 8th the expiry of an operating cycle with all conditions for the design 2 .

3 a reverse movement (first direction) or rotation of the input shaft and / or the output shaft in the first direction (charging) at low load,

4 a forward movement (second direction) or rotation of the input shaft and / or the output shaft in the second direction without support,

5 a forward movement with slight support of the engine (first translation),

6 a forward movement with full engine support (second translation),

7 a backward movement with fast charging (second translation),

8th a reverse movement with normal charging, but the first freewheel is decoupled,

9 an energy storage device according to the invention with a charge / discharge behavior as in 1 , wherein a planetary gear is available as a transmission gear and take place drive and output via the sun gear.

1 shows the loading phase 5 . 9 . 10 and discharge phases 6 . 7 . 8th over a normal clutch actuation cycle. The phases depend purely on the load on the output and the direction of actuation.

2 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of an energy storage device 20 when driven by the ring gear 23 , The input shaft 21 or the motor pinion sits directly on the external teeth 24 of the ring gear 23 , The output shaft 22 or the Aktorritzel sits on an additional ring 25 that in turn on the ring gear 23 sitting. The moment of the additional ring 25 (= Output torque) is detected in this and the serving as an energy storage spring 28 and the first freewheel 30 forwarded. If the output torque exceeds a specified value, a connecting element acting as a switch deactivates 32 between the blocking element 30 the first freewheel and the additional wheel 25 the blocking element 30 , If the output torque continues to increase, then the attachment 35 the memory spring 28 connected. The first freewheel is so between bridge 27 and sun gear 29 placed that jetty 27 the sun wheel 29 moves counterclockwise when moving. The memory spring 28 is also between jetty 27 and sun gear 29 placed. The sun wheel 29 can through the second freewheel with the blocking element 34 only turn counterclockwise.

3 to 8th show the sequence of an actuation cycle with all states for this design. A rotation of a component is indicated by an arrow over it. If one rotatable component is fixed, the arrow is only marked as a bar.

3 shows the movement towards energy storage recharge (first direction). drive 21 and downforce 22 turn counterclockwise. The ring gear 23 is moved clockwise. The planets 26 and the jetty 27 also turn clockwise. The sun wheel 29 remains through the blocking element 34 the second freewheel are blocked and the spring 28 between jetty 27 and sun gear 29 is charged. Is still a drag on the output 22 present, so this is to charge the spring 28 used. The jetty 27 moves at a lower speed than the ring gear 23 , why the charge for the ring gear 23 necessary moment against the spring moment is reduced.

4 shows the propulsion (second direction) at low load. pinion 21 and downforce 22 turn clockwise. The ring gear 23 is turned counterclockwise. The blocking element 30 of the first freewheel blocks the movement of the bridge 27 to the sun wheel 29 and thus prevents relaxation of the spring 28 , Thus, each relative movement between the ring gear 23 , Footbridge 27 , Planets 26 and sun 29 blocked. The sun wheel 29 can rotate counterclockwise. The entire planetary set 26 . 27 . 29 with memory spring 28 thus moves synchronously with the ring gear 23 counterclockwise. This condition is for low loads on the output 22 thought. The energy in the spring 28 remains stored.

5 shows the propulsion with increasing load. The movement continues on the motor pinion 21 and downforce 22 clockwise, to ring gear 23 and footbridge 27 counterclockwise. The first freewheel is through the switch 32 opened and gives the movement of the bridge 27 free. The feather 28 pulls the sun wheel 29 clockwise and the bridge 27 counterclockwise. The movement of the sun wheel 29 counterclockwise is blocked by the blocking element 34 of the second freewheel. This results from sun gear 29 , Feather 28 and footbridge 27 about the planets 26 a moment on the ring gear 23 counterclockwise. This corresponds to the moment at which the charging of the energy storage device 20 at 3 was necessary.

6 shows the propulsion with further increased load. The movement continues to be counterclockwise. The feather 28 is through the switch 32 and the additional wheel 25 now between sun gear 29 and ring gear 23 curious; excited. The first freewheel is still open. As a result, the restoring moment of the spring 28 no longer by the translation from the jetty 27 to the ring gear 23 reduces, but the restoring moment of the spring 28 engages directly on the ring gear 23 at. The feather 28 However, it will also unload faster.

7 shows the backward movement at high load. Again, the spring 28 still between sun 29 and ring gear 23 connected. Therefore, the spring 28 Charges faster and delivers more braking torque.

8th shows the backward movement at medium load. This condition corresponds kinematically to the backward movement at low load ( 3 ). The blocking element 30 the first freewheel is through the switch 32 still imprinted, but only comes with a change of direction to fruition.

9 shows the principle of the energy storage device 20 at drive 21 over the sun wheel 29 , This variant behaves in principle analogous to the first variant, outside and inside are reversed. In this construction, other translations can be realized.

With this invention, a mechanical energy storage device has been presented which, when moved with the load, is charged and discharged upon movement against the load. Preferably, the load is the actuator (e.g., apply bearing and actuating lever adjacent the engagement bearing) of a clutch and the energy storage device is provided between the actuator and actuator as a mechanical energy store. It is preferably a purely mechanical energy storage, the torque motor supports the drive motor, especially for large load request. The memory is preferably charged in all movements against the direction of actuation. The charging is preferably translated. The unloading is actuation force controlled preferably in one or two translation stages. The energy storage element of the energy storage device is preferably designed as a spring, in particular as a spiral spring. A concrete implementation is preferably carried out with a planetary gearset and freewheels, and a memory spring. The spring is preferably arranged between elements of the planetary gear. Input and output (input shaft / output shaft) are both arranged via additional gears on the same element (sun, ring gear) of the planetary gear. Other elements switch one freewheel and also preferred the connection of the spring load-dependent. About freewheels within the planetary gear set can be realized on the one hand that a support of the clutch takes place only during a movement against the load and continues to be supported only if the load against which is controlled exceeds a predetermined amount. So the spring is unloaded where it is needed. Preferably, over-tensioning / locking of the spring will prevent a slip clutch.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Coupling characteristic with charging and discharging cycles

2

 apply force

3

 engagement path

4

 Einrückraft on Einrückweg

5

 Backward movement (charging, first direction) low load

6

 Forward movement (second direction) with low load without support and without charging

7

 Forward movement with medium load and light support

8th

 Forward movement with great load and great support

9

 Backward movement with high load and charging with recuperation

10

 Backward movement with medium load and charging with recuperation

20

 Energy storage device

21

 Input shaft (drive, e.g., shaft of electric motor and / or motor pinion)

22

 Output shaft (output, for example actuator spindle)

23

 ring gear

24

 External toothing of the ring gear to the input shaft, e.g. to the motor pinion

25

 Sensing element (for example, sensing wheel, additional wheel for output)

26

 planet

27

 web

28

 Mechanical energy storage element (e.g., coil spring)

29

 sun

30

 Blocking element of the first freewheel

31

 Pivot point of the blocking element of the first freewheel

32

 Switching element (as connecting element of the first freewheel with sensing wheel)

33

 Tooth track for the first and second freewheel on the sun gear

34

 Blocking element of the second freewheel

35

 Attachment or connection point of the spring (below)

36

 Direction of rotation arrow engine

37

 Direction of rotation arrow ring gear

38

 Direction of rotation arrow bridge

39

 Direction of rotation arrow planet

40

 Direction of rotation arrow downforce

41

 Direction of rotation arrow Sun wheel

42

 Tooth track for the first and second freewheel on the ring gear

43

 Internal toothing of the sun gear

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009019581 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Energy storage device ( 20 ) for assisting a motor in driving a load, characterized in that the energy storage device ( 20 ) an input shaft ( 21 ) for the engine, an output shaft ( 22 ) for the load and a mechanical energy storage element ( 28 ), wherein the mechanical energy storage element ( 28 ) is set up, by a rotational movement of the input shaft ( 21 ) or the output shaft ( 22 ) to be charged in a first direction and by a rotational movement of the input shaft ( 21 ) or the output shaft ( 22 ) to be unloaded in a second direction. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a clutch actuator motor and the load is an actuator of a clutch. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the energy storage device ( 20 ) an automatic switching mechanism ( 25 . 30 . 31 . 32 . 34 . 35 ), by means of which the energy storage element ( 28 ) during the rotational movement of the input shaft ( 21 ) or the output shaft ( 22 ) in the first direction with at least one of the waves ( 21 . 22 ) from input shaft ( 21 ) and output shaft ( 22 ) and by means of which the energy storage element ( 28 ) during the rotational movement of the input shaft ( 21 ) or the output shaft ( 22 ) in the second direction as a function of a between the input shaft ( 21 ) and the output shaft ( 22 ) transmitted torque with at least one of the waves ( 21 . 22 ) from input shaft ( 21 ) and output shaft ( 22 ) is coupled in a switching state and decoupled in another switching state. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to claim 3, wherein the switching mechanism ( 25 . 30 . 31 . 32 . 34 . 35 ) consists of a purely mechanical rear derailleur. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the switching mechanism ( 25 . 30 . 31 . 32 . 34 . 35 ) between input shaft ( 21 ) and output shaft ( 22 ) coupled sensing element ( 25 ), one with the sensing element ( 25 ) connected switching element ( 32 ), a first freewheel ( 30 . 31 . 33 ) and a second freewheel ( 33 . 34 ), and wherein by means of a sensing element ( 25 ) in dependence of between the input shaft ( 21 ) and the output shaft ( 22 ) and into the sensing element ( 25 ) acting momentum generated movement of the switching element ( 32 ) a blocking element of the first freewheel ( 30 . 31 . 33 ) is deactivated. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage device ( 20 ) has a transmission gear and wherein the energy storage element ( 28 ) depending on a between the input shaft ( 21 ) and the output shaft ( 22 ) transmitted torque in one of at least two possible translations with at least one of the shafts ( 21 . 22 ) from input shaft ( 21 ) and output shaft ( 22 ) is coupled. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to claim 6, wherein the transmission gear is a planetary gear ( 23 . 24 . 26 . 27 . 29 ). Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the energy storage element ( 28 ) by a displacement of a connection point of the mechanical energy storage element ( 28 ) in the at least two possible translations with the at least one of the shafts ( 21 . 22 ) from input shaft ( 21 ) and output shaft ( 22 ) can be coupled. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 6, 7 or 8, when dependent on claim 5, wherein the switching mechanism ( 25 . 30 . 31 . 32 . 34 . 35 ), a switching operation between the at least two translations also by means of the sensing element ( 25 ) as a function of the sensing element ( 25 ) acting moment to perform movement. Energy storage device ( 20 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the energy storage element ( 28 ) is coupled to a slip clutch.

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