DE102014221737A1 - Electrolyte for lithium-sulfur cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cathode material for an alkali metal sulfur cell, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell, which comprises at least one sulfur-containing cathode active material (11) and at least one sulfidic ion conductor (12). Moreover, the invention relates to such a solid electrolyte and a separator and / or a protective layer and a cell and battery equipped therewith.

Description

The present invention relates to cathode materials for alkali metal sulfur cells, in particular for lithium sulfur cells and corresponding cells.

State of the art

Lithium-ion batteries, which are also referred to as lithium-ion batteries are nowadays used in a variety of products as energy storage. In order to produce batteries with a higher energy density, research is being done on lithium-sulfur battery technology.

Conventional lithium-sulfur cells contain elemental sulfur and contain, in particular, ether-based electrolyte solvents to ensure the solubility of the sulfur.

Disclosure of the invention

The present invention relates to a cathode material for an electrochemical cell, for example for an alkali metal cell, for example for a lithium cell and / or sodium cell, in particular for a lithium cell, for example for an alkali metal sulfur cell, for example, for a lithium-sulfur cells and / or sodium-sulfur cells, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell, which comprises at least one, in particular sulfur-containing, cathode active material and at least one inorganic ion conductor, in particular at least one sulfide ion conductor.

An alkali metal cell may in particular be understood to mean an electrochemical cell, for example a battery cell or accumulator cell, to whose electrochemical reaction alkali ions, for example lithium ions, for example in the case of a lithium cell, or sodium ions, for example in the case of a sodium cell, are involved , For example, an alkali metal cell may be a lithium cell and / or a sodium cell.

An alkali-metal-sulfur cell may in particular be understood to mean an electrochemical cell, for example a battery cell or accumulator cell, to whose electrochemical reaction alkali ions, for example lithium ions, for example in the case of a lithium cell, or sodium ions, for example in the case of a sodium cell, and sulfur are involved. For example, an alkali metal sulfur cell may be a lithium sulfur cell and / or sodium sulfur cell.

Sulfide ionic conductors can advantageously have a high transfer coefficient and conductivity as well as low contact contact resistances. Therefore, sulfide ion conductors can advantageously improve the ionic contact of the sulfur-containing cathode active material and achieve a low polarization overvoltage. In addition, due to the high transfer rates, it is advantageously possible to achieve low polarization voltages and thus high efficiency of a cell equipped therewith-in particular in the case of high surface current densities during charging / discharging. In addition, sulfide ionic conductors advantageously dissolve virtually no sulfur and almost no polysulfides. This in turn has the advantage that during a discharge (reduction) of a cell resulting (poly) sulfides S _x ^2- , which otherwise possibly to the anode, such as lithium anode, migrate and there reduced and thus the electrochemical reaction could be withdrawn, which also is referred to as a shuttle mechanism, better retained in the cathode and in this way the sulfur utilization and cycle stability can be improved.

In addition, sulfur-containing cathode materials may advantageously be chemically compatible with sulfide ionic conductors, thereby minimizing degradation of the cathode material and thus prolonging the life of the cell. In addition, sulfide ion conductors can advantageously be produced in a simple manner.

For example, the at least one cathode active material may comprise a sulfur-carbon composite. A sulfur-carbon composite may, in particular, be understood as meaning a composite comprising sulfur and carbon. In particular, sulfur, for example covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, can be bound to carbon and / or embedded in carbon in the sulfur-carbon composite. By bonding or embedding of the as such neither ionic nor electrically conductive sulfur or in the carbon of the composite can advantageously - for example compared with simple mixtures - an improved electrical and / or ionic contacting of the sulfur can be achieved. In addition, (poly) sulfides S _x ² advantageously resulting in a discharge (reduction) of a cell can be retained even better in the cathode and, in this way, the utilization of sulfur and cycle stability can be further improved.

In one embodiment, the at least one cathode active material comprises a sulfur polymer and / or carbon modification composite. A sulfur-polymer composite may, in particular, be understood as meaning a composite which comprises or is formed from sulfur and at least one polymer. A sulfur-carbon modification composite may in particular be understood to mean a composite which comprises sulfur and a carbon modification, ie elemental carbon or carbon of zero oxidation number, for example carbon nanotubes, and / or hollow carbon spheres and / or graphene and / or graphite and / or carbon black , Optionally, the at least one cathode active material may be a sulfur polymer and / or carbon modification composite.

In particular, the at least one cathode active material may comprise a sulfur-polymer composite. For example, the sulfur-polymer composite - in particular in addition to sulfur - (at least one, especially electrically conductive polymer, for example polyacrylonitrile, in particular cyclized polyacrylonitrile (cPAN), and / or polypyrrole and / or polythiophene and / or polyphenylene, for example, in particular cyclized, polyacrylonitrile and / or polyparaphenylene include, or be formed from. In particular, sulfur, for example covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, can be bound to the, in particular electrically conductive, polymer and / or embedded in its matrix. By means of sulfur polymer composites, improved bonding and / or a, in particular finely distributed, embedding of the sulfur as well as improved mechanical properties can advantageously be achieved compared with sulfur-carbon modification composites, whereby the electrical and / or ionic contacting as well as sulfur utilization and thus the energy density can be improved.

In the context of one embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one cathode active material or the sulfur-polymer composite comprises a polymer having, for example partially or completely, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, bound sulfur. Sulfide ionic conductors can be used to particular advantage in combination with a sulfur-polymer composite having, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, bound sulfur, since they have virtually no sulfur and polysulfide solubility and thus dissolve and diffuse away of sulfur and polysulfides of the polymer of the composite, which could optionally be counteracted in the case of low molecular weight ether compounds and / or conventional short chain polyethers such as pure polyethylene oxide. By connecting the as such neither ionic nor electrically conductive sulfur to the polymer of the composite can advantageously a Polysulfidbildung suppressed and in particular also one - for example compared with simple mixtures - improved electrical and / or ionic contacting of the sulfur achieved and sulfur even better in the Cathode held back and thus the sulfur utilization, cycle stability and energy density can be further improved.

In a further embodiment, the at least one cathode active material comprises a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example SPAN. In particular, the sulfur-polymer composite may be a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example SPAN.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one cathode active material comprises polyacrylonitrile having, for example partially or completely, in particular completely, for example covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, bound sulfur, for example SPAN. In this case, the sulfur-polymer composite in particular a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example SPAN, be. Under SPAN can be understood in particular a based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN), in particular cyclized polyacrylonitrile (cPAN), composite or polymer with, in particular covalently bound sulfur, in particular which by a thermal reaction and / or chemical reaction of polyacrylonitrile in the presence of sulfur is available. In particular, nitrile groups can thereby react to form a polymer, in particular with a conjugated π system, in which the nitrile groups are converted into nitrogen-containing rings, in particular six-membered rings, in particular with covalently bound sulfur, which are attached to one another. For example, SPAN can be prepared by heating polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with an excess of elemental sulfur, particularly at a temperature of ≥300 ° C, for example, about ≥300 ° C to ≤600 ° C. In this case, the sulfur in particular on the one hand, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) cyclize and on the other - for example, forming a covalent SC bond - finely divided in the cyclized matrix For example, wherein a cyclized polyacrylonitrile structure with covalent sulfur chains is formed. SPAN will be in Chem. Mater., 2011, 23, 5024 and J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 23240, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2013, 160 (8) A1170 , and in the publication WO 2013/182360 A1 described.

Alternatively or additionally, the at least one cathode active material may comprise a sulfur-carbon modification composite which comprises (in particular besides sulfur) (at least) one carbon modification, for example carbon tubes, for example carbon nanotubes, and / or hollow carbon spheres and / or graphene and / or graphite and / or carbon black, comprises or be formed from it. In particular, sulfur can be embedded in the matrix of the carbon modification, for example in the carbon tubes and / or carbon hollow spheres. Thus, it is advantageously possible to achieve an improved, electrical and / or ionic contacting and sulfur utilization, for example compared with simple mixtures. If appropriate, the carbon modification may be surface-modified, in particular with a polysulfide-affine compound, for example with polyethylene glycol and / or the at least one ion-conducting or ion-conducting polymer explained below. Thus, it is also advantageously possible to counteract diffusion away from polysulfides and to better keep polysulfides in the cathode matrix.

The at least one sulfide ionic conductor may be based, for example, on the general chemical formula: (Li ₂ S) _x : (P ₂ S ₅ ) _y : D _z , where D _{z is} one or more additives, for example LiCl and / or LiBr and / or LiI and / or LiF and / or Li ₂ Se and / or Li ₂ O and / or P ₂ Se ₅ and / or P ₂ O ₅ and / or Li ₃ PO ₄ and / or one or more sulfides of germanium, boron, Aluminum, molybdenum, tungsten, silicon, arsenic and / or niobium, in particular germanium. x, y and z can stand in particular for component ratios. Sulphide ionic conductors can be synthesized, for example, from the individual components Li ₂ S and P ₂ S ₅ and optionally D. The synthesis may optionally be carried out under protective gas.

In a further embodiment, the at least one sulfidic ion conductor comprises or is a lithium argyrodite and / or a sulfidic glass. These ionic conductors have proven to be particularly advantageous since they can have high ionic conductivity and low contact contact resistances at the grain boundaries within the material as well as other components, for example the cathode active material. Thus, advantageously, the long-term stability and performance of a cell equipped with the cathode material can be further improved.

Lithium argyrodites can be understood in particular as meaning compounds derived from the mineral argyrodite of the general chemical formula: Ag ₈ GeS ₆ , where silver (Ag) is replaced by lithium (Li) and in particular germanium (Ge) and / or Sulfur (S) by other elements, for example III., IV., V., VI. and / or VII. Main group, may be replaced.

• – Verbindungen der allgemeinen chemischen Formel: Li₇PCh₆ wobei Ch für Schwefel (S) und/oder Sauerstoff (O) und/oder Selen (Se), beispielsweise Schwefel (S) und/oder Selen (Se), insbesondere Schwefel (S)
• – Verbindungen der allgemeinen chemischen Formel: Li₆PCh₅X wobei Ch für Schwefel (S) und/oder Sauerstoff (O) und/oder Selen (Se), beispielsweise Schwefel (S) und/oder Sauerstoff (O), insbesondere Schwefel (S), und X für Chlor (Cl) und/oder Brom (Br) und/oder Iod (I) und/oder Fluor (F), beispielsweise X für Chlor (Cl) und/oder Brom (Br) und/oder Iod (I), steht,
• – Verbindungen der allgemeinen chemischen Formel: Li_7-δBCh_6-δX_δ wobei Ch für Schwefel (S) und/oder Sauerstoff (O) und/oder Selen (Se), beispielsweise Schwefel (S) und/oder Selen (Se), insbesondere Schwefel (S), B für Phosphor (P) und/oder Arsen (As), X für Chlor (Cl) und/oder Brom (Br) und/oder Iod (I) und/oder Fluor (F), beispielsweise X für Chlor (Cl) und/oder Brom (Br) und/oder Iod (I), steht und 0 ≤ δ ≤ 1.

Examples of lithium argyrodites are:

• Compounds of the general chemical formula: Li ₇ PCh ₆ where Ch is sulfur (S) and / or oxygen (O) and / or selenium (Se), for example sulfur (S) and / or selenium (Se), in particular sulfur (S)
• Compounds of the general chemical formula: Li ₆ PCh ₅ X where Ch is sulfur (S) and / or oxygen (O) and / or selenium (Se), for example sulfur (S) and / or oxygen (O), in particular sulfur (S), and X is chlorine (Cl) and / or bromine (Br) and / or iodine (I) and / or fluorine (F), for example X represents chlorine (Cl) and / or bromine (Br) and / or iodine (I),
• Compounds of the general chemical formula: Li _7-δ BCh _6-δ X _δ where Ch is sulfur (S) and / or oxygen (O) and / or selenium (Se), for example sulfur (S) and / or selenium (Se), in particular sulfur (S), B is phosphorus (P) and / or Arsenic (As), X is chlorine (Cl) and / or bromine (Br) and / or iodine (I) and / or fluorine (F), for example X is chlorine (Cl) and / or bromine (Br) and / or Iodine (I), and 0 ≤ δ ≤ 1.

For example, the at least one sulfidic ionic conductor may have at least one lithium argyrodite of the chemical formula: Li ₇ PS ₆ , Li ₇ PSe ₆ , Li ₆ PS ₅ Cl, Li ₆ PS ₅ Br, Li ₆ PS ₅ I, Li _7-δ PS _6-δ Cl _δ , Li _7-δ PS _6-δ Br _δ , Li _7-δ PS _6-δ I _δ , Li _7-δ PSe _6-δ Cl _δ , Li _7-δ PSe _6-δ Br _δ , Li _7-δ PSe _6-δ I _δ , Li _7-δ AsS _6-δ Br _δ , Li _7-δ AsS _6-δ I _δ , Li ₆ AsS ₅ I, Li ₆ AsSe ₅ I, Li ₆ PO ₅ Cl , Li ₆ PO ₅ Br and / or Li ₆ PO ₅ I include. Lithium argyrodites are for example in the publications: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 755-758 ; Z. Anorg. Gen. Chem., 2010, 636, 1920-1924 ; Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 2198-2206 ; Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 5138-5147 ; Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 8347-8354 ; Solid State Ionics, 2012, 221, 1-5 ; Z. Anorg. Gen. Chem., 2011, 637, 1287-1294 ; and Solid State Ionics, 2013, 243, 45-48 described.

In particular, the lithium argyrodite may be a sulphidic lithium argyrodite, for example where Ch is sulfur (S).

Lithium argyrodites can be prepared in particular by a mechanical-chemical reaction process, for example where starting materials, such as lithium halides, for example LiCl, LiBr and / or LiI, and / or lithium chalcogenides, for example Li ₂ S and / or Li ₂ Se and / or Li ₂ O, and / or chalcogenides of the V. main group, for example P ₂ S ₅ , P ₂ Se ₅ , Li ₃ PO ₄ , in particular in stoichiometric amounts, are ground together. This can be done for example in a ball mill, in particular a high energy ball mill, for example, with a number of revolutions of 600 rpm. In particular, the grinding can be carried out under a protective gas atmosphere.

For example, the at least one sulfidic ion conductor may comprise at least one sulfidic glass of the chemical formula: Li ₁₀ GeP ₂ S ₁₂ , Li ₂ S- (GeS ₂ ) -P ₂ S ₅ and / or Li ₂ SP ₂ S ₅ . For example, the at least one sulfide ionic conductor may comprise a germanium-containing sulfidic glass, for example Li ₁₀ GeP ₂ S ₁₂ and / or Li ₂ S- (GeS ₂ ) -P ₂ S ₅ , in particular Li ₁₀ GeP ₂ S ₁₂ . Germanium-containing sulfide lithium ion conductors may advantageously have high lithium ion conductivity and chemical stability.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one sulfidic ion conductor comprises or is a lithium argyrodite. Lithium argyrodites are advantageously distinguished by particularly low contact contact resistances at the grain boundaries within the material and to further components, for example the cathode active material. Thus, advantageously, a particularly good ion conduction at and within the grain boundary surfaces can be achieved.

Advantageously, lithium argyrodites can also have a low contact resistance between grains even without a sintering process. This advantageously makes it possible to simplify the production of the cathode material and of a cell.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the cathode material or the objects explained later in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention furthermore comprise at least one polymer. The at least one polymer can advantageously serve as a binder, in particular for mechanical stabilization and / or adhesion, for example the cathode structure, and / or for filling in cavities.

The at least one polymer may in principle be both ion-conductive, in particular lithium-ion-conductive, or (intrinsically) ion-conducting, in particular lithium-ion-conducting, and non-ion-conductive. An ionic-conductive, for example, lithium-ion-conductive, polymer may in particular be understood to be a polymer which itself may be free of the ions to be conducted, for example lithium ions, but is designed to coordinate and / or solvate the ions to be conducted, for example lithium ions To coordinate counterions of the ions to be conducted, for example, lithium Leitsalzanionen, and for example, with the addition of the conductive ions, such as lithium ions, ion-conducting, for example, lithium ion conducting, is.

An ion-conducting, for example lithium ion-conducting, polymer may in particular be understood as meaning a polymer which is intrinsically ion-conducting, in particular lithium-ion-conducting, and in particular itself contains the ions to be conducted, for example lithium ions.

For example, the at least one polymer may be a non-ion-conducting polymer, for example polyvinyl fluoride and / or polytetrafluoroethylene.

In a further embodiment, however, the at least one polymer is ion-conducting or ion-conducting. In particular, the at least one polymer can be lithium ion conductive or be lithium ion conductive. In this case, the at least one polymer may in particular also be referred to as a polymer electrolyte or in particular also as a cathode electrolyte or catholyte. Thus, the at least one polymer can advantageously not only serve as a binder, but additionally improve the ionic conductivity. In this case, the at least one sulfidic ion conductor can in particular dissociate and provide the ions to be conducted, for example lithium ions, whereby the ion mobility can be increased by the at least one ion-conducting or ion-conducting polymer and in this way the ionic conductivity can be increased.

The at least one polymer may be a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, and / or a Polymer blend, for example, from one or more homopolymer and / or one or more co-polymers, for example, a homopolymer-co-polymer blend, and / or a homopolymer include or be.

In a further embodiment, the at least one polymer comprises a polyalkylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one alkylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group. By means of alkylene oxide units or groups, advantageously, the ion mobility and thus the ionic conductivity can be increased. However, such polymers are only ion-conductive, in particular lithium-ion-conductive, and should be used in combination, for example in admixture, with at least one alkali metal salt, for example alkali metal conducting salt, in particular lithium salt, for example lithium conducting salt. For example, the at least one polymer may comprise a polyethylene oxide (PEO) and / or a propylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one ethylene oxide group and / or propylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group , In particular, the at least one polymer may comprise a polyethylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one ethylene oxide group, in particular oligo-ethylene oxide group.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the at least one polymer has at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

Where - [A] - represents a polymer back forming unit. X stands for a spacer, in particular a, for example covalently, to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - bonded spacer. x stands for the number, in particular the presence or absence, of the spacer X. In particular, x can be 1 or 0, for example 1. In this case, in the case x = 1 in particular a spacer X may be present. In the case x = 0 in particular no spacer can be present. Q stands for a group which, in particular covalently, is attached to the spacer X (in the case x = 1) or to the polymer back - [A] - (in the case x = 0). In particular, the group Q can be attached via the spacer X to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. In the case of x = 1 (presence of the spacer) can in this case the group Q, for example, explained below uncharged group Q or positively charged groups Q ⁺ or negatively charged group Q ^- or uncharged group Q, in particular, be connected X to the spacer. Be tied - in the case of x = 0 (the absence of the spacer), the group Q, for example, the below explained uncharged group Q or positively charged groups Q ⁺ or negatively charged group Q ^-, in particular directly to the polymer backbone - [A]. Such polymers may advantageously have an ion conductivity, for example lithium ion conductivity, in particular depending on the temperature, of ≥ 10 ^-5 S / cm, possibly even 10 ^-4 S / cm, and advantageously both as binder and as ion conductor, for example lithium ion conductors , serve. Due to the binder properties, advantageously increased mechanical stability can be achieved. In this case, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte may also be referred to in particular as the cathode electrolyte or catholyte. Such polymers or polymer electrolytes can be particularly advantageous in alkali metal-sulfur cells, for example lithium-sulfur cells and / or sodium-sulfur cells, in particular lithium-sulfur cells, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example a sulfur Polymer composite, for example, a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, in particular SPAN, as a cathode active material, used or used. By the connection of the group Q, for example Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- , - and optionally the spacer to the polymer-forming unit - [A] - and thus the localization of the group Q and optionally of the spacer X and - in particular by the compared with liquid electrolyte increased viscosity and / or in particular by one, in particular compared with polyethylene oxide (PEO) In fact, reduced polysulfide solubility of the polymer or polymer electrolyte can advantageously be kept close to the carbon of the composite and, for example, dissolve away in this way and, in particular, diffuse away polysulfides from the carbon of the composite, which optionally in the case of low molecular weight ether compounds and / or conventional short-chain polyethers, such as pure polyethylene oxide, could be counteracted and achieved in this way an improved calendhal stability and / or improved energy density retention. Alternatively or additionally, polymers or polymer electrolytes of the above general chemical formula can advantageously provide a separator and / or protective layer function or as a separator and / or protective layer for an electrochemical cell, for example for an alkali metal cell, for example for a lithium cell and / or sodium cell, in particular for a lithium cell, for example for an alkali-metal-sulfur cell, for example for a lithium-sulfur cell and / or sodium-sulfur cell, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell ,

Therefore, another object of this invention is a, in particular ion-conducting or ion-conducting, for example lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conducting polymer or a polymer electrolyte, in particular for an electrochemical cell, for example for an alkali metal cell, for example for a lithium cell and / or sodium cell , in particular for a lithium cell, for example for an alkali metal-sulfur cell, for example for a lithium-sulfur cell and / or sodium-sulfur cell, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell, comprising at least one repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

Here, the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X and / or the group Q, for example Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, and / or the anion Z ^- and / or the cation Z ⁺ as explained above and configured below. A polymer electrolyte can be understood in particular to be an ion-conducting or ion-conducting, polymeric electrolyte. For example, the polymer electrolyte can be lithium-ion-conductive or lithium-ion-conducting and / or sodium-ion-conductive or sodium-ion-conducting, in particular lithium-ion-conductive or lithium-ion-conductive. In this case, an ionic-conductive, for example lithium ion-conducting, electrolyte can be understood to mean, in particular, an electrolyte which itself can be free of the ions to be conducted, for example lithium ions, but is designed to accept counterions of the ions to be conducted, for example lithium lead salt anions or to coordinate the ions themselves, for example, lithium ions, and / or solvate, and, for example, with the addition of conductive ions, for example lithium ions, ion-conducting, for example, lithium ion-conducting, is.

Within the scope of one embodiment of this embodiment, Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- , for example a negatively charged side group Q ^- , and a counterion Z ⁺ . In particular, the negatively charged group Q ^{- can} be attached via the spacer X to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. In this case, the negatively charged group Q ^- for example a group based on a Leitsalzanions, in particular lithium Leitsalzanions, for example, a sulfonylimide group, for example, a trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group (PFSI ^- : F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or fluorosulfonylimide group (FSI: F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -), and / or for a Group based on an anion of an ionic liquid, for example for a pyrazolide group or for an imidazolide group, and / or for a sulphonate group, for example for one for a (simple) sulphonate group or for a trifluoromethanesulphonate group Group (triflate, ^- SO ₃ CF ₂ -), and / or for a sulfate group and / or for a carboxylate group and / or for a group based on a phosphoric acid-based anion, in particular for a phosphate group, and / or for a group on the Base of an anion of an imide, in particular f For a sulfonylimide group, for example, for a Trifluormethansulfonylimid group (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group (PFSI ^- : F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or fluorosulfonylimide group (FSI: F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -), and / or for a group based on an anion of an amide, in particular for a group the base of an anion of a secondary amide (-R-NHR), and / or a group based on an anion of a carboxylic acid amide, in particular a group based on an anion of a secondary carboxylic acid amide (-CO-NHR). As a counterion of Q ^- may be, for example, a cation Z ⁺ , in particular metal cation, for example, lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular lithium, may be included. By a negatively charged group Q ^- can in particular alkali metal ions, such as lithium ions can be increased from sulfidic ion conductor and / or optionally from a conductive salt, in particular lithium electrolyte salt, coordinates or solvated, in particular the dissociation of the sulfide ion conductor and / or optionally of the conductive salt. It can - especially by covalent binding of the negatively charged group Q ^- forming the polymer back unit - [A] - - provide a high transfer number close. 1 If appropriate, the mobility of the alkali ions, in particular lithium ions, of the sulfidic ion conductor and / or optionally of the conducting salt and thus the ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, of the argyrodite and / or of the at least one polymer can be increased. In addition, the dielectric constant can advantageously also be increased, which can have a positive influence on the polysulfide solubility - in such a way that the polysulfide solubility is reduced - which is particularly pronounced in sulfur-carbon composites, for example sulfur-polymer and / or Carbon modification composites, in particular sulfur-polymer composites with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently bonded to the polymer of the composite sulfur, for example, sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites, in particular SPAN, particularly advantageous effect. In addition, polymers which have a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example a lithium ion Li ⁺ and / or a sodium ion Na ⁺ , in particular a lithium ion Li ⁺ , already have sufficient ionic conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, through the counterion Z ⁺ , exhibit. Therefore, polymers which have a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example a lithium ion Li ⁺ and / or a sodium ion Na ⁺ , in particular a lithium ion Li ⁺ , without the addition of an alkali metal conducting salt, for example lithium conducting salt, be used or ion-conducting, in particular lithium ion-conducting, be. Optionally, polymers having a negatively charged group Q ^- Z ^+, for example, a lithium ion Li ^+, having and a counterion, but yet, for example, reducing the glass transition temperature and / or to increase the ionic mobility and / or the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, in combination , For example, in admixture, with at least one alkali metal salt, in particular lithium salt, for example, lithium conductive salt used. The polymer back-forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X can also optionally be optimized with regard to other properties.

In the context of one, in particular alternative or additional, embodiment of this embodiment, Q stands for a positively charged group Q ⁺ , for example a positively charged side group Q ⁺ , and a counterion Z ^- . In particular, the positively charged group Q ^{+ can} be attached via the spacer X to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. For example, the positively charged group Q ⁺ may stand for a group based on a cation of an ionic liquid. In particular, a counterion or anion Z ^- may be present as counterion to the positive charge of Q ⁺ . As counterion Z ^- , for example, for example, all common counterions of known conductive salts, for example for lithium cells, can be used. In particular, Z ^- can therefore stand for an anion, in particular a lead salt anion. By a positively charged group Q ⁺ in particular anions of conductive salts, in particular lithium Leitsalzanionen, coordinated or solvated and in particular the dissociation of the conductive salt, in particular lithium-conductive salt, can be increased. This in turn can advantageously also the transfer coefficient, in particular by the covalent attachment of the positively charged group Q ⁺ to the polymer back forming unit - [A] -, and optionally the mobility of the alkali metal ions, in particular lithium ions, the conductive salt and thus the ionic conductivity, in particular the lithium ion conductivity , increase. In addition, advantageously, the dielectric constant can be increased, which can have a positive influence on the Polysulfidlöslichkeit - in such a way that the Polysulfidlöslichkeit is reduced - which is particularly in sulfur-carbon composites, such as sulfur polymer and / or - Carbon modification composites, in particular sulfur-polymer composites with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently bound to the polymer of the composite sulfur, for example sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites, such as SPAN, can particularly advantageous effect. The polymer back-forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X can also optionally be optimized with regard to other properties. In particular, polymers which have a positively charged group Q ⁺ in combination, for example in admixture, with at least one alkali metal salt, for example alkali metal conducting salt, in particular lithium salt, for example lithium conducting salt, can be used.

Within the scope of one, in particular alternative or additional, embodiment of this embodiment, Q stands for an uncharged group Q, for example an uncharged, functional side group which is capable of coordinating or solvating alkali ions, in particular lithium ions (Li ⁺ ). In particular, the uncharged group Q can in this case via the spacer X to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - be connected. In this case, the uncharged group Q may stand, for example, for a derivable from an electrolyte solvent group. By means of an uncharged group Q, alkali metal ions, for example lithium ions, can be advantageously coordinated or solvated by the sulfidic ion conductor and / or, if appropriate, by a conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt. Thus, advantageously, the mobility of the alkali ions, for example lithium ions, can be increased, in particular by introducing the group derivable from an electrolyte solvent, and thus the ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity. The polymer back-forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X can be optionally optimized with regard to other properties. Polymers which carry only uncharged groups Q, and in particular no bonded charges, for example alkali ions, in particular lithium ions, may initially be only ionically conductive, for example lithium ion conductive, and for example by addition of an alkali metal salt, for example alkali metal conducting salt, in particular lithium salt, for example by a mixture with an alkali metal salt, for example alkali metal conducting salt, in particular lithium salt, and in particular solvation of the salt ion-conducting, for example, lithium ion-conducting. In particular, therefore, polymers which have an uncharged group Q in combination, for example in admixture, with at least one alkali metal salt, for example alkali metal conducting salt, in particular lithium salt, for example lithium conducting salt, can be used.

Overall, the group Q, for example Q or Q ^- or Q ⁺ , while advantageously promotes the dissociation of alkali metal ions, such as lithium ions, sulfide ion conductor and / or optionally of a conducting salt or the coordination between alkali ion, in particular lithium ion, and the sulfide ion conductor and / or optionally be weakened by a conductive salt. As a result, advantageously, the transfer coefficient and / or the mobility of the ions, for example lithium ions, and thus the ion conductivity, in particular the lithium ion conductivity, can be influenced and / or increased. In the case of Q ^- very high transfer rates can be achieved advantageously, which - especially in the case of high surface current densities during charging / discharging - low polarization voltages and thus high performance of a cell equipped with it can be achieved. The fact that the group Q is attached directly or indirectly to the polymer backbone - [A] - can advantageously - compared to mixtures of analogous polymers and analogous, but free or unbound groups Q - a localization of the group Q, for example Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- to be achieved. By localizing the group Q, for example Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- , in turn can advantageously Abdiffundieren the group Q and, for example, otherwise possibly associated side reactions, such as swelling of the separator and / or an anode protective layer and / or degradation of the anode which, for example, in the case of low molecular weight ether compounds, could be prevented and the mechanical stability and, for example, binder function could be improved. Moreover, such polymers can have an extremely low vapor pressure compared to liquid electrolytes, making it possible to safely operate a cell equipped with them at higher operating temperatures. Advantageously, by the spacer X - for example, by the nature of the spacer and / or the length of the spacer - and / or the polymer back forming unit - [A] - - for example, by the nature of the polymer back forming unit / s - [A] - and their structure - other properties, such as the glass transition temperature and / or other properties of the polymer or polymer electrolyte can be adjusted. The spacer X can advantageously be used to adjust in particular the glass transition temperature and / or the mechanical properties of the polymer or polymer electrolyte. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - can optionally be optimized with regard to other properties, for example mechanical properties.

Overall, it is thus advantageously possible to simplify the production and construction of alkali metal-sulfur cells, for example lithium-sulfur cells and / or sodium-sulfur cells, in particular lithium-sulfur cells, for example lithium-SPAN cells Capacity retention or cycle stability, durability and safety can be increased.

In the context of one embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one polymer comprises or is a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random copolymer Co-polymer, and / or a polymer mixture and / or a homo-polymer, having at least one repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

aufweisen.Insofar Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- comprising the polymer or the polymer electrolyte, for example, a repeating unit of general chemical formula:

exhibit.

The counterion Z ⁺ may in particular be an alkali metal ion, for example a lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular a lithium ion (Li ⁺ ). Due to the negative charge of the group Q ^- , for example sulfonate, this can advantageously be directly, for example, lithium (Li ⁺ ) counterion to the negative charge of the group Q ^- for example sulfonate, be and provide in particular an ion conductivity. So can advantageously be dispensed with mixing of conductive salt. In particular, Z ⁺ can therefore stand for a lithium ion (Li ⁺ ).

The negatively charged group Q ^- may, for example ^, be a group based on a lead salt anion, in particular lithium lead salt anion, for example for a sulfonylimide group, for example for a trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group (PFSI ^- : F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or fluorosulfonylimide group (FSI: F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -), and / or for a group based on an anion of an ionic liquid (English: Ionic Liquid), for example for a pyrazolide group or for an imidazolide group, and / or for a sulfonate group, for example one for a (simple) sulfonate group or a trifluoromethanesulfonate group (triflate, ^- SO ₃ CF ₂ -), and / or a sulfate group and / or a carboxylate group and / or a group based on a phosphoric acid-based anion, especially a phosphate group , and / or for a Gr based on an anion of an imide, in particular for a sulfonylimide group, for example for a trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group (PFSI ^- : F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or fluorosulfonylimide group (FSI: F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -), and / or based on a group an anion of an amide, in particular for a group based on an anion of a secondary amide (-R-NHR), and / or for a group based on an anion of a carboxylic acid amide, in particular for a group based on an anion of a secondary carboxylic acid amide (-CO-NHR), stand. By a negatively charged group Q ^- in particular alkali metal ions, in particular lithium ions, can be coordinated or solvated. It can - especially by covalent binding of the negatively charged group Q ^- forming the polymer back unit - [A] - - provide a high transfer number close. 1 In addition, advantageously, the dielectric constant can be increased, which has a positive influence on the polysulfide solubility - in such a way that the polysulfide solubility is reduced - which, as explained in particular in sulfur-carbon composites, such as sulfur polymer and / or -Carbon modification composites, in particular sulfur-polymer composites with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently bonded to the polymer of the composite sulfur, for example sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites, in particular SPAN, can particularly advantageous effect.

In a specific embodiment, therefore, the negatively charged group Q ^{- represents} a group based on a lithium Leitsalzanions, in particular lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or for a group based on an anion of an ionic liquid and / or for a sulfonate group and / or for a sulfate group and / or for a carboxylate group and / or for a group based on a phosphoric acid-based anion and / or for a group based on an anion of an imide and / or for a group based on an anion of an amide and or for a group based on an anion of a carboxylic acid amide.

In the context of one embodiment of this embodiment, the negatively charged group Q ^{- represents} a sulfonylimide group, in particular a trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group (F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group (F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -) and / or fluorosulfonylimide group (F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -), in particular trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group, and or represents a sulfonate group, in particular a (simple) sulfonate group and / or a trifluoromethanesulfonate group. For example, the negatively charged group Q ^{- may represent} a trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group or fluorosulfonylimide group or a sulfonate group or a trifluoromethanesulfonate group. In a specific embodiment, the negatively charged group Q may be a sulfonate group or a sulfonylimide group, in particular a sulfonate group. Z ⁺ may stand in particular for a lithium ion. By means of a sulfonylimide group or a sulfonate group, in particular a sulfonylimide group, it is advantageously possible to achieve a coordination of cations, in particular lithium ions, which increases the coordination of cations, in particular lithium ions, in a manner which is comparatively weak and thus increases the ion mobility, in particular lithium ion mobility, and ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity. Z ⁺ may stand in particular for a lithium ion.

In particular, the negatively charged group Q ^- can be a benzene group which contains at least one group based on a lead salt anion, in particular lithium lead salt anion, in particular with at least one sulfonylimide group (benzenesulfonylimide group, for example lithium benzenesulfonylimide group), and / or with at least one group on the basis of an anion of an ionic liquid and / or with at least one sulphonate group (benzenesulphonate group, for example lithium benzenesulphonate group) and / or with at least one sulphate group and / or with at least one carboxylate group and / or with at least one group based on a phosphoric acid-based anion , in particular with at least one phosphate group, and / or with at least one group based on an anion of an imide and / or with at least one group based on an anion of an amide and / or with at least one group on the basis of an anion of a carboxamide subs is done. For example, the negatively charged group Q ^{- may be} a benzene group substituted with at least one trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group and / or at least one perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group and / or at least one fluorosulfonylimide group, especially at least one trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group , In the context of an embodiment Q ^- represents a benzene sulfonate or a Benzolsulfonimidgruppe, in particular a benzenesulfonate group. A benzene group advantageously makes it possible to easily attach a group, for example a sulfonate, to a wide variety of polymer backings. In addition, a benzene group offers the possibility of easily attaching further ionic conductivity-increasing substituents, such as a plurality of groups, for example sulfonate groups, and / or one or more alkylene oxide group (s). A polymer having a, in particular such functionalized, benzene group can advantageously by polymerization of the double bond of a, in particular such functionalized styrene, for example of 4- (styrenesulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, or one with the above-mentioned anionic groups, functionalized styrene, in a simple manner be formed. The attachment of the anionic function to a polymer backbone can for example also take place via a functional group in the para position to the anionic group in the aromatic carbon six-membered ring. In addition, an aromatic carbon six-membered ring offers the possibility to easily add further, the ionic conductivity-increasing substituents.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, therefore, the negatively charged group Q ^{- represents} a benzenesulfonylimide group, for example a para and / or ortho and / or meta-benzenesulfonylimide group, for example a para-benzenesulfonylimide group, and / or a benzenesulfonate group, for example a benzenesulfonate group, for example a para and / or ortho and / or meta-benzenesulfonate group, for example a para-benzenesulfonate group. Benzenesulfonylimide groups and / or benzenesulfonate groups, for example a para, ortho and / or meta-benzenesulfonylimide group and / or para, ortho and / or meta-benzenesulfonate group, in particular a para-benzenesulfonylimide group and / or a para-benzenesulfonate group, can in this case explained above be particularly advantageous.

Such polymers can be used particularly advantageously, in particular as lithium ion-conducting electrolyte, for example solid electrolyte, in a cathode material, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example with a composite of one, in particular electrically conductive, polymer and sulfur, in particular with a sulfur polyacrylonitrile (US Pat. PAN) composite, for example SPAN, can be used as cathode active material, for example in a lithium-sulfur cell.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q ^{- represents} a sulfonylimide group, for example a benzenesulfonylimide group. Thus, advantageously, by the soft anion, a, relatively weak and thus the ion mobility, in particular lithium ion mobility, and ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, increasing coordination of cations, in particular of lithium ions can be achieved.

In a further specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q ^{- represents} a sulfonate group, for example a benzenesulfonate group.

aufweisen.Insofar as Q comprises a positively charged group Q ⁺ , the polymer or the polymer electrolyte can, for example, be a repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

exhibit.

In a further, special embodiment, the positively charged group Q ⁺ is a group on the basis of a cation of an ionic liquid (English: Ionic Liquid), particularly for a pyridinium or, in particular, quaternary ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a piperidinium or a pyrrolidinium group or a, especially quaternary, phosphonium group or a guanidinium group or a morpholinium group or a uronium group or a thiouronium group. As a counterion Z ^- , for example, all common, counterions of known lithium salts, in particular lithium conducting salts can be used. In particular, therefore, Z ^{- may represent} an anion, in particular a lithium lead salt anion. Groups Q ⁺ , which are based on a cation of an ionic liquid, in particular pyridinium groups, ammonium groups, imidazolium groups, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium groups, phosphonium groups, guanidinium groups, morpholinium groups, uronium groups and / or thiouronium groups, can advantageously the dissociation of alkali ions, in particular lithium ions, the sulfide ion conductor and If appropriate, the transfer salt and, if appropriate, the mobility of the alkali ions, in particular lithium ions, and thus the ionic conductivity, in particular the lithium ion conductivity, and the dielectric constant are increased and thus the polysulfide solubility can be reduced.

A pyridinium group may in particular be understood as meaning a group which can be derived from pyridinium, in particular substituted or unsubstituted. An ammonium group may in particular be understood as meaning a group derivable from ammonium, in particular a quaternary ammonium group. An imidazolium group can be understood in particular to be an imidazolium-derivable, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, group. A piperidinium group can be understood in particular to be a piperidinium-derivable, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, group. A pyrrolidinium group may in particular be understood as meaning a group derivable from pyrrolidinium, in particular substituted or unsubstituted. A phosphonium group may in particular be understood as meaning a group derivable from phosphonium, in particular a quaternary phosphonium group. A guanidinium group may, in particular, be understood as meaning a guanidinium-derivable, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, group. A morpholinium group may, in particular, be understood as meaning a group derivable from morpholinium, in particular a substituted or unsubstituted one. Under a Uroniumgruppe can be understood in particular a derivable from Uronium, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, group. A thiouronium group may in particular be understood as meaning a thiouronium-derivable, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, group.

For example, the positively charged group Q ^{+ may represent} a pyridinium group or one, in particular quaternary, ammonium or imidazolium or piperidinium or pyrrolidinium or a particularly quaternary, phosphonium or guanidinium or morpholinium or uronium or thiouronium group whose proton / s are substituted by a substituent.

In particular, the positively charged group Q ^{+ can represent} a pyridinium group or one, in particular quaternary, ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a piperidinium group or a pyrrolidinium group or one, in particular quaternary, phosphonium group. For example, Q ⁺ may stand for one, in particular quaternary, ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a pyridinium group. Thus, advantageously, the ionic conductivity and the dielectric constant can be increased in a comparatively simple manner.

As part of a development of this embodiment, Z is ^- for a lithium Leitsalzanion. Thus, it is advantageously possible to increase the dissociation of a lithium conducting salt and in this way also to increase the mobility of the lithium ions of the lithium conducting salt and thus the lithium-ion conductivity.

Hexafluorophosphat (PF₆ ^–), Bromid (Br^–) oder Iodid (I^–) oder Chlorid (Cl^–), (Bis-)Trifluormethansulfonylimid (TFSI^–: F₃C-SO₂-(N^–)-SO₂-CF₃) oder Difluorooxalatoborat (DFOB^–:

stehen. Diese Anionen werden häufig als Lithium-Leitsalzanion eingesetzt. Daher können diese Anionen zur Solvatisierung von Lithium-Leitsalzen besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden.For example, Z ^- for perchlorate (ClO ₄ ^- ), tetrafluoroborate (BF 4 ^- ), trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate ^- , F ₃ CSO ₃ ^- ), bisoxalatoborates (BOB ^- ,

Hexafluorophosphate (PF ₆ ^- ), bromide (Br ^- ) or iodide (I ^- ) or chloride (Cl ^- ), (bis) trifluoromethanesulfonylimide (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -CF ₃ ) or difluorooxalato borate (DFOB ^- :

stand. These anions are often used as lithium-Leitsalzanion. Therefore, these anions can be used particularly advantageously for the solvation of lithium conducting salts.

In the context of one aspect of this embodiment, therefore, Z is ^- for perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate, and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis ( fluorosulfonyl) imide, in particular bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, and / or difluorooxalatoborate ( ^- DFOB) and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride. In particular, Z ^- for bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide, in particular bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or Difluorooxalatoborat ^(- DFOB ) and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride. Thus, advantageously, a higher thermal stability can be achieved.

In a specific embodiment, Z ^{- represents} bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (TFSI ^- : F ₃ C-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -CF ₃ ) and / or bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide (BETI ^- : F ₅ C ₂ -SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -C ₂ F ₅ ) and / or bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (FSI: F-SO ₂ - (N ^- ) -SO ₂ -F), in particular bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl ) imide, and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate, SO ₃ -CF ₃ ). By means of large, soft anions bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate, in particular bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (TFSI ^- ), can advantageously be a comparatively weak one and thus the ion mobility, in particular lithium ion mobility, and ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, increasing coordination of cations, in particular lithium ions, achieved and, for example, the solubility of conductive salts in the polymer or polymer electrolyte and optionally the thermal stability can be improved.

Such polymers or polymer electrolytes can be used particularly advantageously, in particular as lithium ion-conducting electrolyte, for example solid electrolyte, in a cathode material, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example with a composite of one, in particular electrically conductive, polymer and sulfur, in particular with a sulfuric acid. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite, for example SPAN, as a cathode active material, for example in a lithium-sulfur cell, used or used.

aufweisen.Insofar as Q is a neutral group, the at least one polymer can be, for example, a repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

exhibit.

By an uncharged group Q can advantageously of Leitsalzen, for example alkali salts, in particular lithium Leitsalzen, the alkali ions, in particular lithium ions, coordinated or solvated and in this way the mobility of the alkali ions, for example lithium ions, and thus the ion conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity of the polymer or Polymer electrolytes are increased. This can be favored, for example, by choosing the spacer X.

In another specific embodiment, the uncharged group Q is a group derivable especially from an electrolyte solvent, for example a cyclic carbonate group or a particularly cyclic lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group or an alkylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group. A cyclic carbonate group or lactone group or cyclic carbamate group or acyclic carbonate group or acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or acyclic carbamate group or alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-alkylene oxide, may be advantageous, as this advantageously the mobility of alkali ions, for example lithium ions, and thus the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity of the Polymer or polymer electrolyte can be increased.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group. Thus, advantageously, the glass transition temperature can be reduced and / or the lithium ion conductivity can be increased.

In another embodiment of this embodiment, the uncharged group Q is a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group. Due to the high polarity of these groups, these groups can advantageously increase the ion dissociation and the dielectric constant of the polymer or polymer electrolyte and thus advantageously reduce the polysulfide solubility, which may be particularly advantageous in sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites such as SPAN.

Within the scope of a further embodiment of this embodiment, the uncharged group Q is a, in particular cyclic or acyclic, carboxylic ester group, for example lactone group, or one, in particular cyclic or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group. Due to the high polarity of these groups, these groups can advantageously increase the dielectric constant of the polymer or polymer electrolyte and thus advantageously reduce the polysulfide solubility, which may be particularly advantageous in sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites such as SPAN.

In another embodiment of this embodiment, the, in particular uncharged, group Q represents a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a carbamate group, in particular a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbamate group. In particular, Q may represent a cyclic carbonate group or a, in particular cyclic, lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group. Cyclic carbonate groups, lactone groups and / or cyclic carbamate group may be particularly advantageous for increasing the ionic conductivity of the polymer as a whole.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is a cyclic carbonate group, for example, which forms a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring or a seven-membered ring, in particular a five-membered ring. As part of a In another specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is a lactone group, for example, which forms a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring or a seven-membered ring, in particular a five-membered ring. In another specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is a cyclic carbamate group, for example, which forms a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring or a seven-membered ring, in particular a five-membered ring. In another specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is an acyclic carbonate group. In another specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group. In another specific embodiment of this embodiment, Q is an acyclic carbamate group. In a further specific embodiment, Q is hydrogen or an alkyl group, in particular a methyl group or an ethyl group.

Such polymers or polymer electrolytes can be used particularly advantageously, in particular as lithium ion-conducting electrolyte, for example solid electrolyte, in a cathode material, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example with a composite of one, in particular electrically conductive, polymer and sulfur, in particular with a sulfuric acid. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite, for example SPAN, as a cathode active material, for example in a lithium-sulfur cell, used or used.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the cathode material or the at least one polymer or the polymer electrolyte furthermore comprises at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt. Thus, if appropriate, the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium-ion conductivity, can be further increased. Depending on the polymer, despite a high transfer number, a small admixture of a conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, may be advantageous in order to reduce the glass transition point of the polymer and thereby increase the overall mobility of the lithium ions in the system, but at the expense of reducing the transfer number can. Ideally, in this case, a conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, can be used, whose anion interacts well with the group Q. For example, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) can be used with a sulfonylimide group.

The at least one conducting salt may be, for example, a lithium conducting salt or a sodium conducting salt, in particular a lithium conducting salt. As lithium-conductive salt common lithium conductive salts can be used. For example, the at least one lithium conducting salt lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) and / or lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and / or lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB) and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTriflate) and / or lithium perchlorate (LiClO ₄ ) and / or Lithiumdifluorooxalatoborat (LiDFOB) and / or lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF ₄ ) and / or lithium bromide (LiBr) and / or lithium iodide (LiI) and / or lithium chloride (LiCl) include or be. The anion Z ^- and the anion of the at least one lithium conducting salt can be different or identical.

Within the scope of one embodiment of this embodiment, the anion of the at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, and Z ^- or Q ^{- are selected} from the same anion class, for example the sulfonylimides, for example trifluoromethanesulfonylimide and / or pentafluoroethanesulfonylimide and / or fluorosulfonylimide, in particular tetrifluoromethanesulfonylimide , Thus, undesirable side reactions can advantageously be avoided and in particular also achieved that the anion of the at least one conducting salt and Z ^- or Q ^- alkali metal ions, in particular lithium ions, similarly, for example the same, strongly coordinate, which can have an advantageous effect on the ion mobility.

wobei Q für eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺, insbesondere Lithiumion, steht, und/oder
wobei der Spacer X mindestens eine, gegebenenfalls weitere, negativ geladene Gruppe Q^–, insbesondere auf der Basis eines Leitsalzanions, insbesondere Lithium-Leitsalzanions, und/oder eines Anions einer ionischen Flüssigkeit oder eine Sulfonatgruppe, beispielsweise mindestens eine Sulfonylimidgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Sulfonatgruppe, und ein Gegenion Z⁺, beispielsweise Alkaliion, insbesondere Lithiumion, umfasst. Derartigen Polymere, welche eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺, beispielsweise Lithiumion, aufweisen können vorteilhafterweise ohne den Zusatz eines Leitsalzes, beispielsweise Lithium-Leitsalzes, verwendet werden beziehungsweise ionenleitend, insbesondere lithiumionenleitend, sein. So kann vorteilhafterweise die spezifische Energiedichte gesteigert werden.In a further embodiment, the cathode material or the objects explained later in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention comprises at least one sulfidic ion conductor, in particular lithium argyrodite and / or sulfidic glass, and at least one, in particular ion-conducting or ion-conducting, for example lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conducting polymer, comprising at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

where Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , in particular lithium ion, and / or
wherein the spacer X at least one, optionally further, negatively charged group Q ^- , in particular based Leitsalzanions, in particular lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid or a sulfonate group, for example at least one sulfonylimide group and / or at least one sulfonate group and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example alkali metal ion, in particular lithium ion. Such polymers, which have a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example lithium ion, can advantageously be used without the addition of a conducting salt, for example lithium conducting salt, or be ion-conducting, in particular lithium ion-conducting. Thus, advantageously, the specific energy density can be increased.

wobei Q für eine positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺ und ein Gegenion Z^– steht, und/oder
wobei der Spacer X mindestens eine, gegebenenfalls weitere, positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺, insbesondere auf der Basis eines Kations einer ionischen Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise mindestens eine Ammoniumiongruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyridiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Imidazoliumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Piperidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyrrolidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Phosphoniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Guanidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Morpholiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Uroniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Thiouroniumgruppe, und ein Gegenion Z^–, beispielsweise Leitsalzanion, insbesondere Lithium-Leitsalzanion, umfasst. Durch positiv geladene Gruppen Q⁺ kann vorteilhafterweise die Ionendissoziation des sulfidischen Ionenleiters und damit die Ionenleitfähigkeit erhöht werden. Derartige Polymere sind jedoch nur ionenleitfähig, insbesondere lithiumionenleitfähig, und sollten in Kombination, beispielsweise in Mischung, mit mindestens einem Leitsalz, insbesondere Lithium-Leitsalz, verwendet werden. In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the cathode material or the objects explained later in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention comprises at least one sulfidic ion conductor, in particular lithium argyrodite and / or sulfide glass, and at least one, in particular ion-conductive or ion-conducting, for example lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conducting polymer comprising at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

where Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , and / or
wherein the spacer X is at least one, optionally further, positively charged group Q ⁺ , in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example at least one ammonium ion group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group and / or at least one piperidinium group and / or at least one pyrrolidinium group and / or at least one phosphonium group and / or at least one guanidinium group and / or at least one morpholinium group and / or at least one uronium group and / or at least one thiouronium group, and a counterion Z ^- , for example Leitsalzanion, in particular lithium Leitsalzanion comprises , By means of positively charged groups Q ⁺ , the ion dissociation of the sulfidic ion conductor and thus the ionic conductivity can advantageously be increased. However, such polymers are only ionically conductive, in particular lithium-ion conductive, and should be used in combination, for example in a mixture, with at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt.

umfasst,
wobei Q für eine ungeladene Gruppe Q, insbesondere für eine Alkylenoxidgruppe, insbesondere eine Oligo-Alkylenoxidgruppe, beispielsweise eine Ethylenoxid-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Oligo-Ethylenoxid-Gruppe, steht, und/oder
wobei der Spacer X mindestens eine Alkylenoxidgruppe, insbesondere eine Oligo-Alkylenoxidgruppe, beispielsweise eine Ethylenoxid-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Oligo-Ethylenoxid-Gruppe, umfasst, und/oder
wobei die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- eine Alkylenoxid-Einheit, zum Beispiel eine Oligo-Alkylenoxid-Einheit, insbesondere eine Ethylenoxid-Einheit, zum Beispiel eine Oligo-Ethylenoxid-Einheit, umfasst. Dabei kann das Kathodenmaterial beziehungsweise die später im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Festelektrolyten erläuterten Gegenstände insbesondere mindestens ein Leitsalz, insbesondere Lithium-Leitsalz, umfassen. Durch Alkylenoxid-Einheiten beziehungsweise -Gruppen und/oder ungeladene Gruppen Q kann vorteilhafterweise die Ionenmobilität und damit die Ionenleitfähigkeit erhöht werden. Derartige Polymere sind jedoch nur ionenleitfähig, insbesondere lithiumionenleitfähig, und sollten in Kombination, beispielsweise in Mischung, mit mindestens einem Leitsalz, insbesondere Lithium-Leitsalz, verwendet werden.In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the cathode material or the objects explained later in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention comprises at least one sulfidic ion conductor, in particular lithium argyrodite and / or sulfide glass, and at least one, in particular ion-conductive or ion-conducting, for example lithium ion conductive or lithium ion-conducting polymer, wherein the at least one polymer is a polyalkylene oxide, for example polyethylene oxide, and / or a polymer having at least one alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group, and / or at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

includes,
where Q is an uncharged group Q, in particular an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, and / or
wherein the spacer X comprises at least one alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, and / or
wherein the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - an alkylene oxide unit, for example, an oligo-alkylene oxide unit, in particular an ethylene oxide unit, for example, an oligo-ethylene oxide unit comprises. In this case, the cathode material or the objects explained later in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention may in particular comprise at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt. Alkylene oxide units or groups and / or uncharged groups Q can advantageously increase the ion mobility and thus the ionic conductivity. However, such polymers are only ionically conductive, in particular lithium-ion conductive, and should be used in combination, for example in a mixture, with at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt.

In a specific embodiment, Q stands for a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ and / or for a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- . This has been found to be particularly advantageous because it increases ionic dissociation and reduces polysulfide solubility can be. Repeat units having a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ and / or having a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , in combination with uncharged, ion-conductive or -conducting groups, for example alkylene oxide groups and / or cyclic ones, can be particularly advantageous and / or acyclic carbonate groups and / or cyclic and / or acyclic carboxylic acid ester groups, for example lactone groups and / or cyclic and / or acyclic carbamate groups, in particular alkylene oxide groups, such as oligoalkylene oxide groups and / or polyethers, as evidenced by the negatively or positively charged Group Q ^- or Q ⁺ increases the ionic dissociation and the uncharged group Q, the ion mobility can be further increased, which can lead to a significant overall increase in ionic conductivity, such as lithium ion conductivity.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the spacer X comprises at least one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene group and / or at least one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene oxide group and / or at least a, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene oxide group, for example oligo-phenylene oxide, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or at least one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene, for example oligo-phenylene, in particular ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or at least one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, benzylene group, for example oligo-benzylene group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or at least one carbonyl group, esp ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group, and / or at least one cyclic carbonate group and / or at least one lactone group and / or at least one cyclic carbamate group and / or at least one acyclic carbonate group and / or at least one acyclic carboxylic acid ester group and / or at least one acyclic carbamate group and / or or at least one ether oxygen and / or at least one positively charged group, for example at least one, in particular quaternary, ammonium ion group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group and / or at least one piperidinium group and / or at least one pyrrolidinium group and / or at least one , in particular quaternary, phosphonium group and / or at least one guanidinium group and / or at least one morpholinium group and / or at least one uronium group and / or at least one thiouronium group, and / or at least one negatively charged group, for example at least a sulfonate group and / or trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group, for example at least one lithium sulfonate group and / or lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group, in particular lithium benzenesulfonate group and / or lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group. The spacer X may also have a combination of these groups. By means of such a spacer X, the ionic conductivity of the polymer or polymer electrolyte can be advantageously increased overall, for example, wherein the polymer back can be optimized with regard to other properties. By introducing at least one - optionally additional - cyclic carbonate group and / or lactone group and / or cyclic carbamate group and / or acyclic carbonate group and / or acyclic carboxylic acid ester group and / or acyclic carbamate group and / or positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic Liquid, for example one, in particular quaternary, ammonium ion group and / or a pyridinium group and / or an imidazolium group and / or a piperidinium group and / or a pyrrolidinium group and / or a, in particular quaternary, phosphonium group and / or a guanidinium group and / or a morpholinium group and / or a uronium group and / or a thiouronium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, in the spacer X can advantageously the ionic conductivity - in particular as in connection with the corresponding groups Q, Q ⁺ and Q ^- explained - are further increased.

In the context of one embodiment of this embodiment, the spacer X comprises at least one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group. The spacer X may for example comprise at least one, for example substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, ethylene oxide group and / or propylene oxide group, in particular oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group. In particular, the spacer X may comprise at least one, for example substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, ethylene oxide group, in particular oligo-ethylene oxide group. Thus, advantageously, the ion mobility can be increased. This may be particularly advantageous in the case of a positively charged group Q ⁺ and / or in the case of a negatively charged group Q ^- , in particular to mobilize dissociated ions and thus increase the ionic conductivity.

The at least one alkylene oxide group of the spacer X may in particular be partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, for example perfluorinated. By halogenation, in particular fluorination, such as perfluorination, advantageously, the solubility of polysulfides by the polymer or the polymer electrolyte, in particular by alkylene oxide, can be reduced, which when used in combination with a sulfur-carbon composite, such as sulfur polymer and / or -Carbon modification composite, in particular sulfur-polymer composite with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently bound to the polymer of the composite sulfur, such as a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example a SPAN composite, as a cathode material can be particularly advantageous.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the spacer X comprises at least one carbonyl group, in particular at least one cyclic carbonate group and / or at least one lactone group and / or at least one cyclic carbamate group and / or at least one acyclic carbonate group and / or at least one acyclic Carboxylic ester group and / or at least one acyclic carbamate group. In particular, the spacer X may comprise at least one acyclic carbonate group. Thus, advantageously, also the ion mobility can be increased. This may be particularly advantageous in the case of a positively charged group Q ⁺ and / or in the case of a negatively charged group Q ^- , in particular to mobilize dissociated ions and thus increase the ionic conductivity.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the spacer X comprises at least one, optionally further, positively charged group Q ⁺ , in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example at least one ammonium ion group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group and / or at least one piperidinium group and / or at least one pyrrolidinium group and / or at least one phosphonium group and / or at least one guanidinium group and / or at least one morpholinium group and / or at least one uronium group and / or at least one thiouronium group. The spacer X may for example comprise at least one ammonium group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group, for example at least one ammonium group and / or at least one pyridinium group, and a counterion Z ^- , for example Leitsalzanion, in particular lithium Leitsalzanion. The at least one, optionally further, positively charged group Q ^{+ of} the spacer can in particular be designed as described above, in particular in the context of the positively charged groups Q ⁺ connected via the spacer X. Thus, advantageously, the ion dissociation can be increased. This can be particularly advantageous in the case of a positively charged group Q ⁺ and / or in the case of an uncharged group Q, in particular in order to further increase the ion conductivity and to further reduce the polysulfide solubility.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the spacer X comprises at least one, optionally further, negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example an alkali ion, for example lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular a lithium ion. The at least one, possibly more, negatively charged group Q ^- of the spacer may in particular above, in particular within the framework of X attached via the spacer negatively charged groups Q ^- be designed explained. For example, the at least one, possibly more, negatively charged group Q may ^- be the spacer X is a group based on a Leitsalzanions, in particular a lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid and / or a sulfonate group. For example, the spacer X may comprise at least one sulfonylimide group, for example at least one trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group and / or perfluoroethanesulfonylimide group and / or fluorosulfonylimide group, in particular at least one trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group, and / or at least one sulfonate group. Thus, advantageously, the ion dissociation can be increased. This can in the case of a negatively charged Q group ^- and / or be particularly advantageous in the case of an uncharged group Q, in particular, the ionic conductivity continues to increase and reduce the Polysulfidlöslichkeit on.

The at least one alkylene group of the spacer X can be, for example, a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 16 carbon atoms, in particular of ≥ 1 to ≦ 13 carbon atoms, for example of ≥ 1 to ≦ 4 carbon atoms or of ≥ 4 to ≦ 8 carbon atoms and / or of ≥ 9 to ≤ 13 carbon atoms. For example, the alkylene group of the spacer X may be a saturated alkylene group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 15, for example 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 12, for example 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 3.

The at least one alkylene oxide group of the spacer X may be, for example, an ethylene oxide group and / or a propylene oxide group. In particular, the at least one alkylene oxide group may be an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group. In particular, the alkylene oxide group or oligo-alkylene oxide group can have ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≦ 10 repeating units, for example ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≦ 4 repeating units. For example, the at least one alkylene oxide unit may have the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example 1 ≦ or 2 ≦ b ≦ 4.

The attachment of the at least one alkylene oxide group of the spacer X to the polymer backbone - [A] - and the group Q, for example the pyridinium group, ammonium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, thiouronium group, cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group, can be carried out in each case via one, in particular saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene group, for example methylene groups, and / or alkoxy group. In this case, the spacer X, for example, an alkyl-alkylene-alkyl group, for example an alkyl oligo-alkylene-alkyl group, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a1} - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O- ] _b1 - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 '} - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 12, in particular 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 3, 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4, and 1 ≤ a1' ≤ 12, in particular 1 ≤ a1 '≤ 3, or an alkoxy-alkylene-alkyl group, for example alkoxy-oligo-alkylene group, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a2} -O- [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O- ] _b2 - (CH _{2) a2 '-} 1 ≤ a2 ≤ 12, in particular 1 ≤ a2 ≤ 3, 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ b2 ≤ 4 and 1 ≤ a2' ≤ 12, in particular 1 ≤ a2 '≤ 3.

The at least one phenylene oxide group and / or the at least one phenylene group and / or the at least one benzylene group of the spacer X may in particular contain one or more alkyl side chain (s) and / or one or more alkylene oxide side chains, for example oligo-alkylene oxide side chain (s), for example oligo -Oxidine oxide side chain / s and / or oligo-propylene oxide side chain (s), and / or one or more cyclic carbonate group (s) and / or lactone group (s) and / or cyclic carbamate group (s) and / or acyclic carbonate group (s) and / or acyclic carboxylic acid ester group (s) and / or acyclic carbamate group (s) and / or one or more charged groups, for example quaternary ammonium ion group (s) and / or pyridinium group (s) and / or imidazolium group (s) and / or piperidinium group (s) and / or pyrrolidinium group (s) / or, in particular, quaternary, phosphonium group / s and / or guanidinium group (s) and / or morpholinium group (s) and / or uronium group (s) and / or thiouro ammonium group / s and / or sulfonylimide group (s) and / or sulfonate group (s), for example lithium sulfonate groups. Thus, the ionic conductivity can advantageously - further explained - in particular as explained in connection with the corresponding groups Q, Q ⁺ and Q ^- . For example, the spacer X may comprise one or more phenylene oxide group (s) and / or phenylene group (s) and / or benzylene group (s). Between phenylene oxide groups and / or phenylene groups and / or benzylene groups of the spacer X can (in each case one, especially saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated or unhalogenated, for example partially fluorinated or perfluorinated or unfluorinated, alkylene group and or alkylene oxide group, for example oligoalkylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group.

The attachment of the at least one carbonyl group of the spacer X to the polymer backbone - [A] - and the group Q, for example the cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, pyridinium group, ammonium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, Pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group, can in each case via one, in particular saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated or unhalogenated, for example partially fluorinated or perfluorinated or unfluorinated, Alkylene group and / or alkylene oxide, for example, oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group, carried out.

For example, the spacer X may contain one or more cyclic carbonate group (s) analogous to Q and / or lactone group (s) and / or cyclic carbamate group (s) and / or acyclic carbonate group (s) and / or acyclic carboxylic ester group (s) and / or acyclic carbamate group / n and / or - for example Q ⁺ analogous - ammonium ion group (s) and / or pyridinium group (s) and / or imidazolium group (s) and / or piperidinium group (s) and / or pyrrolidinium group (s) and / or phosphonium group (s) and / or guanidinium group (s) n and / or morpholinium / n and / or Uroniumgruppe / n and / or Thiouroniumgruppe / n and / or - for example, Q ^- analogue - Sulfonylimidgruppe / n and / or sulfonate group / n, for example, benzenesulfonylimide group (s) and / or benzenesulfonate group (s). The attachment of the cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, ammonium ion group, pyridinium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group, for example benzenesulfonylimide group and / or benzenesulfonate group of the spacer X on the polymer backbone - [A] - and / or on another cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, ammonium ion group, pyridinium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group , Uronium group, thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group of the spacer X and / or between a cyclic Carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, ammonium ion group, pyridinium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group, for example, benzenesulfonylimide group and benzenesulfonate group, of the spacer X and / or the, for example terminal, group Q, for example the cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, pyridinium group, ammonium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, Thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group may in particular (in each case) via one, in particular saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated or unhalogenated, for example partially fluorinated or perfluorinated or unfluorinated, alkylene and / or alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-alkylene, for example oligo-ethylene oxide and / or oligo-propylene ,

For example, the spacer X may be an, especially saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene spacer. In the case of an alkylene spacer X, in particular in the saturated case, the number of carbon atoms in the spacer can be in particular ≥ 1 to ≦ 12, for example from ≥ 1 to ≦ 4. For example, the alkylene spacer can be based on the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 12, in particular 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 3.

Or the spacer X may be, for example, an alkylene oxide spacer, for example oligo-alkylene oxide spacer, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide spacer or oligo-propylene oxide spacer. In the case of an embodiment as Oligo Alkylenoxidspacer the number of repeat units, for example, ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, in particular ≥ 2 to ≤ 4, amount. The attachment of the alkylene oxide unit, for example oligoalkylene oxide unit, for example the oligo-ethylene oxide unit or oligo-propylene oxide unit, to the polymer backbone - [A] - or the group Q, for example the cyclic carbonate group, lactone group, cyclic carbamate group, acyclic carbonate group, acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, acyclic carbamate group, pyridinium group, ammonium group, imidazolium group, piperidinium group, pyrrolidinium group, phosphonium group, guanidinium group, morpholinium group, uronium group, thiouronium group, sulfonylimide group or sulfonate group, especially each of one, especially saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene group, for example Methylene groups, take place. For example, the Alkylenoxidspacer to the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a3} - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b3 - (CH _{2) a3} - b3 ≤ 1 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ b3 ≤ 4, and 1 or 0 ≤ a3 ≤ 3, for example a3 = 1.

Or the spacer X may be, for example, a spacer based on, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene oxide and / or phenylene and / or benzylene. In particular, the spacer may comprise a plurality of phenylene oxide units and / or phenylene units and / or benzylene units. Between phenylene oxide units and / or oligo-phenylene oxide units and / or phenylene units and / or oligo-phenylene units and / or benzylene units and / or oligo-benzylene units of the spacer X (in each case one, in particular saturated and / or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated or non-halogenated, for example partially fluorinated or perfluorinated or unfluorinated, alkylene group and / or alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide, be inserted. A substitution can in this case in particular with one or more alkyl side chain (s) and / or one or more alkylene oxide side chain (s), for example oligo-alkylene oxide side chain (s), for example oligo-ethylene oxide side chain (s) and / or oligo-propylene oxide side chain (s) or one or more cyclic carbonate group (s) and / or lactone group (s) and / or cyclic carbamate group (s) and / or acyclic carbonate group (s) and / or acyclic carboxylic ester group (s) and / or acyclic carbamate group (s) and / or one or more charged ones Groups, for example, quaternary ammonium group / n and / or pyridinium / n and / or imidazolium group (s) and / or piperidinium group (s) and / or pyrrolidinium group (s) and / or, for example, quaternary, phosphonium group (s) and / or guanidinium group (s) and / or morpholinium group (s) and / or uronium group (s) and / or thiouronium group / n and / or sulfonylimide group (s) and / or sulfonate group (s), for example lithium sulfonylimide group (s) and / or lithium sulfonate group (s).

Or the spacer X may be, for example, a carbonyl spacer, for example an alkylene / alkylene oxide-carbonyl-alkylene / alkylene oxide spacer.

Or the spacer X can be, for example, an ether oxygen (-O-).

Within the scope of a specific embodiment, the spacer X is an alkylene and / or alkylene oxide spacer, for example an alkylene and / or oligo-alkylene oxide spacer, for example an ethenyl oxide and / or oligo-ethylene oxide spacer.

In a further embodiment - [A] - represents a polymer back forming unit which (at least) an alkylene oxide unit, in particular ethylene oxide unit (PEO) and / or propylene oxide unit, for example oligo-alkylene oxide unit, for example oligo -Ethylene oxide unit and / or oligo-propylene oxide unit, and / or a, a carbonate group, in particular an organic carbonate group, comprising unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and or a methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit and / or a phenylene oxide unit and / or a benzylene unit and / or an alkylene unit.

For example, [A] - may represent a polymer backbone-forming unit which comprises a polyether, in particular polyethylene oxide (PEO) and / or polypropylene oxide, and / or repeating units comprising polymerized, in particular organic, carbonate groups, for example a polycarbonate and / or a polymer polymer backbone structural units having side groups containing carbonate groups, and / or a polysiloxane and / or a polyphosphazene and / or a poly (methyl) methacrylate and / or a polymethacrylate and / or a polyphenylene, for example a para-polyphenylene, and / or a polyphenylene oxide and / or a polybenzylene and / or a polyolefin, for example polypropylene and / or polyethylene, and / or forms. For example, [A] - may represent a polymer backbone forming unit comprising polyethers, especially polyethylene oxide (PEO) and / or polypropylene oxide, and / or a polymerized, especially organic, carbonate group (s) comprising repeating units and / or a polysiloxane and / or a polyphosphazene and / or a poly (methyl) methacrylate and / or a polymethacrylate and / or a polyphenylene, for example a para-polyphenylene, and / or a polyphenylene oxide and / or a polybenzylene and / or a polyolefin, for example polypropylene and / or polyethylene.

In a specific embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a siloxane. Thus, advantageously, a low glass transition temperature of the polymer and thus a high ionic conductivity can be achieved.

In a further, particularly alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) one phosphazene unit. Thus, advantageously also a low glass transition temperature of the polymer and thus a high ionic conductivity can be achieved.

In the context of a further, in particular alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit.

These may advantageously be synthetically more readily accessible than phosphazenes.

In the context of a further, in particular alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a phenylene unit. In particular, the polymer backbone-forming unit may comprise - [A] - (at least) a para-phenylene moiety. Thus, advantageously, an additional electrical conductivity can be achieved. In addition, phenylene units or polyphenylenes can be easily substituted one or more times, for example sulfonated. In particular, multiple sulfonations of the phenylene moiety and / or the polyphenyl polymer backbone formed therefrom are also possible. For example, the polymer backbone-forming unit may comprise - [A] - (at least) a phenylene oxide unit. About the oxygen can advantageously be easily - optionally via a spacer X - groups Q, Q ⁺ and / or Q ^{- be} attached. For example, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - may comprise or be an at least monosulfonated, e.g., poly-sulfonated, phenylene moiety. For example, the polymer or the polyelectrolyte can be a sulfonate groups, in particular lithium sulfonate, substituted polyphenylene, for example para-polyphenylene, for example, which comprises at least one phenylene repeating unit which is at least simply substituted with a sulfonate group, especially lithium sulfonate group, for example with several sulfonate groups, in particular lithium sulfonate groups is, include or be. This has proved to be advantageous, since so the number of anionic units and thus lithium ion charge carriers per phenylene unit can be increased. In addition to the sulfonate-substituted phenylene unit, the polymer back-forming unit - [A] -, for example in the form of a polyphenylene, nor one or more other phenylene units, such as an unsubstituted phenylene unit and / or one or more times with one group Q, for example Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, and a spacer X, in particular X _x , substituted phenylene unit include.

In a further, particularly alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a benzylene unit.

In the context of a further, in particular alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) one alkylene unit.

In a further, in particular alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) one alkylene oxide unit, in particular ethylene oxide unit (PEO) and / or propylene oxide unit, for example oligo-alkylene oxide unit , For example, oligo-ethylene oxide unit and / or oligo-propylene oxide unit, in particular oligo-ethylene oxide unit. Thus, advantageously, the ion mobility and thus the ionic conductivity can be increased.

Within the scope of a further, particularly alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) one unit comprising a carbonate group, in particular an organic carbonate group. Thus, advantageously, the polarity of the polymer back can be increased and thus the polysulfide solubility positively influenced, in particular reduced, can be. Polymerized, especially organic, carbonate groups comprising repeating units may, for example, a polycarbonate, that is a polyester whose polymer back, for example by condensation reaction linked, in particular esterified, carbonate groups form. Alternatively or additionally, however, polymerized, especially organic, repeating units comprising carbonate groups may also form a polymer of structural units which form polymer backbones and have side groups, in particular organic, groups containing carbonate groups. Advantageously, the ionic conductivity of the polymer as a whole can be increased by the side groups containing carbonate groups. The formed polymer backing may itself comprise carbonate groups, for example a polycarbonate, or else carbonate groups, in particular no polycarbonate. For example, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - may comprise a unit having a polymer backbone structural unit and having a pendant group containing a carbonate group. In this case, the side group containing the carbonate group may, for example, be attached to an atom of the polymer backbone structural unit. However, for example, the side group containing the carbonate group can also be attached cyclically, for example in the form of a five-membered or six-membered or seven-membered ring, in particular five-membered, to the polymer backbone structural unit, in particular to two structural units of the polymer backbone. In particular, a carbonate group can form a side group attached cyclically to the polymer backbone structural unit. For example, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - may comprise a unit having a polymer backbone structural unit and a carbonate group, the carbonate group forming a side group cyclically bonded to the polymer backbone structural unit. For example, the carbonate group may be attached to two atoms of the polymer backbone structural unit via two oxygen atoms and, for example (together with atoms of the polymer back-forming structural unit), form a five-membered or six-membered or seven-membered ring, in particular a five-membered ring.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - may be both monofunctionalized and polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, trifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized, with the group Q attached via the spacer X. In this case, under a polyfunctionalized polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - in particular a polymer backbone forming unit - be understood that at least two groups Q, for example Q ⁺ and / or Q ^- - [A] is functionalized and / or Q, particularly wherein in each case a group Q, for example Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, - optionally via a spacer X, in particular X _x , - to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - is attached.

- und beispielsweise auch die später erläuterten Polymerrücken bildenden Einheiten -[A_I]-, -[A_II]-, -[A_III]-, -[A_IV]-, -[A_V]-, -[A_VI]-, -[A_VII]-, -[A_VIII]-, -[A_IX]-, -[A_a]-, -[A_b]-, -[A_c]-, -[A_d]-, -[A_e]-, -[A_f]-, -[A_Z]- beziehungsweise -[A_Z1]- und speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten – basieren kann. Im Fall einer Darstellung einer Polymerrücken bildenden Einheit -[A]- kann xq dabei (jeweils) für eine Anbindungsstelle stehen, an welcher die beziehungsweise (jeweils) eine Gruppe Q, beispielsweise über einen Spacer X, insbesondere X_x, (im Fall x = 0 indirekt über den Spacer oder im Fall x = 0 direkt) an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- angebunden ist. Im Fall einer Darstellung einer Wiederholungseinheit ([A]-X-Q) kann xq für XQ, also den beziehungsweise (jeweils) einen Spacer X, insbesondere X_x, und die beziehungsweise (jeweils) eine Gruppe Q, beispielsweise Q⁺ beziehungsweise Q^– beziehungsweise Q, stehen. In the following, some general chemical formulas are presented by way of example, on which the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ):

and also, for example, the polymer back-forming units explained later - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] - , - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - and special repeating units - can be based. In the case of a representation of a polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - xq can represent (in each case) an attachment site at which the or (respectively) a group Q, for example via a spacer X, in particular X _x (in the case x = 0 indirectly via the spacer or in the case x = 0 directly) to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - is attached. In the case of a representation of a repeating unit ([A] -XQ) can xq for XQ, so the respectively (each) a spacer X, and in particular X _x, and respectively (in each case) a group Q, for example Q ⁺ and Q ^- or Q , stand.

und/oder eine oder Propylenoxid-Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen beziehungsweise sein.For example, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be an alkylene oxide unit, e.g., ethylene oxide unit, of general chemical formula:

and / or a propylene oxide repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

include or be.

umfassen beziehungsweise sein.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may comprise a repeating unit having a polymer backbone structural unit and having a carbonate group cyclically linked to the polymer backbone structural unit of general chemical formula:

include or be.

umfassen beziehungsweise sein, insbesondere wobei R für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht. Zum Beispiel kann die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- beziehungsweise die Wiederholungseinheit ([A]-X-Q) eine Siloxan-Einheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen beziehungsweise sein.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be a siloxane unit of the general chemical formula:

include, in particular wherein R is an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group. For example, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be a siloxane unit of the general chemical formula:

include or be.

umfassen beziehungsweise sein, insbesondere wobei R’ für Wasserstoff oder (vorzugsweise) für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be a phosphazene unit of the general chemical formula:

or in particular wherein R 'is hydrogen or (preferably) an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group.

umfassen beziehungsweise sein. Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be a methylmethacrylate unit of the general chemical formula:

include or be.

umfassen beziehungsweise sein.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be a methacrylate unit of the general chemical formula:

include or be.

beziehungsweise sein.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) can be a phenylene unit of the general chemical formula:

or his.

und/oder eine Propylen-Einheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen beziehungsweise sein.Alternatively or additionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) may be an ethylene unit of the general chemical formula:

and / or a propylene unit of the general chemical formula:

include or be.

For example, the polymer backbone-forming unit may be - [A] -, (at least) one unit having a polymer backbone structural unit and having one pendant group containing a carbonate group include. Thus, advantageously, the ionic conductivity of the polymer can be increased overall. In this case, the side group containing the carbonate group may, for example, be attached to an atom of the polymer backbone structural unit. For example, the polymer backbone forming unit may be - [A] -, (at least) a unit having a polymer backbone structural unit and a carbonate group which forms a side group cyclically bonded to the polymer backbone structural unit. For example, the carbonate group can be attached to two atoms of the polymer backbone structural unit via two oxygen atoms and, for example (together with the polymer backbone structural unit), form a five-membered or six-membered or seven-membered ring, in particular a five-membered ring.

In a specific embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit , in particular a para-phenylene unit. In particular, the polymer backbone-forming unit may comprise - [A] - (at least) a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit. In a specific embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a siloxane unit. By means of phosphazenes and / or siloxanes, it is advantageously possible to achieve a low glass transition temperature of the polymer and thus a high ionic conductivity. Methyl methacrylates and / or methacrylate can advantageously facilitate a simplification of the synthesis. By phenylene units can advantageously be achieved in addition to an electrical conductivity. In addition, phenylene units or polyphenylenes can be easily substituted one or more times, for example sulfonated.

In a further embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, siloxane unit and / or a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized, for example or polyfunctionalized by branching in one or more side chains , For example, tetrafunctionalized, phosphazene unit and / or polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, methyl methacrylate unit and / or polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, methacrylate unit and / or polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, phenylene unit. Within a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, siloxane unit and / or a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized, for example or by branching in one or more Side chains polyfunctionalized, for example, tetrafunctionalized, phosphazene unit. In a very specific embodiment of this embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit comprises - [A] - (at least) a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, siloxane unit. Thus, the polymer can advantageously be easily equipped with a plurality of groups Q.

In a further embodiment, the polymer back-forming unit is - [A] - - or the polymer back-forming units explained later - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] - , - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - and - [ A _Z1 ] - - and / or the spacer X - or the spacer explained later (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ) or (X _Z ) - and / or the group Q, for example Q ⁺ and / or Q ^- and / or Q, in particular partially or completely, halogenated, for example fluorinated, optionally perfluorinated. In particular (at least) alkylene oxide groups and / or alkylene groups and / or alkyl groups and / or alkoxy groups may be halogenated, in particular fluorinated, optionally perfluorinated. By fluorinating, in particular of alkylene oxide groups, such as ethylene oxide groups and / or propylene oxide groups, and / or polyethers and / or alkyl groups and / or alkylene groups and / or alkoxy groups, advantageously the solubility of polysulfides by the polymer can be reduced. Thus, in turn advantageously a dissolution of polysulfides from the cathode active material, such as a sulfur-carbon composite, for example, a sulfur-polymer composite, in particular a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, such as SPAN, and thus a loss of active material can be reduced or avoided and on This way, the performance, cycle stability and life of a lithium-sulfur cell equipped therewith or an energy system equipped therewith, for example a lithium-sulfur battery, can be improved. In addition, fluorination can have a positive influence on the transfer number and, in particular, can increase the transfer number.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, therefore, the spacer X comprises - or the spacers explained later (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ) , (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or (X _Z1 ) And / or the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - - or the polymer back-forming units explained later - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [ A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - - and / or the group Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- - or the groups explained in more detail below with R 10 -R 2 13 - a fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide unit, for example ethylene oxide unit and / or propylene oxide unit, in particular ethylene oxide unit, for example oligo-alkylene oxide unit, for example oligo-ethylene oxide unit and / or oligo-propylene oxide unit, in particular oligo-ethylene oxide unit. Optionally, the spacer X - or the spacer explained later (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or (X _Z1 ) - and / or the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - - or the polymer back forming units discussed later - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] - , [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - - and / or the group Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- - or the groups explained in more detail below with R 10 -R 2 13 - free of unfluorinated alkylene oxide units, for example ethylene oxide units and / or propylene oxide units, in particular ethylene oxide units, for example oligo-alkylene oxide units, for example oligo-ethylene oxide units and / or oligo-propylene oxide Units, especially oligo-ethylene oxide units. By a polymer electrolyte, in particular which is not or only partially based on unfluorinated polyethylene oxide, for example which is not based on unfluorinated polyethylene oxide or which is based on fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyethylene oxide, can advantageously - compared to the use of unfluorinated, ether-based liquid electrolytes, such as dimethoxyethane ( DME) or dioxolane (DOL) and mixtures thereof, - reduced cathode-side polysulfide solubility can be achieved. Thus, advantageously, the capacity retention and thus the life of the cell can be significantly improved.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the spacer X is - or the spacer explained later (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), ( X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or ( X _Z1 ) - and / or the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - - or the polymer back-forming units explained later - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] - , - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - and - [A _Z1 ] - - and / or the group Q or respectively Q ⁺ or Q ^- - or the groups explained in more detail below with R 10 -R 2 13 - perfluorinated. Thus, advantageously, the solubility of polysulfides by the polymer can be reduced in particular.

In the context of one embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular a cyclic carbonate group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular a lactone group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular a cyclic carbamate group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the, in particular uncharged, group Q stands for a group, in particular an ethylene oxide group, of the general chemical formula:

Here, n _IV or n _{IX stands} for the number of ethylene oxide units and is in particular 1 ≦ n _IV ≦ 15, for example 2 ≦ n _IV ≦ 6, or 1 ≦ n _IX ≦ 15, for example 2 ≦ n _IX ≦ 6.

In a further embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular an acyclic carbonate group, of the general chemical formula:

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the group Q, in particular uncharged, represents a group, in particular an acyclic carbamate group, of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, stands for a group, in particular a pyridinium group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, is a group, in particular a quaternary ammonium group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, is a group, in particular an imidazolium group, of the general chemical formula:

In another embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, is a group, in particular a piperidinium group, of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, stands for a group, in particular a pyrrolidinium group, of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further embodiment, the group Q ⁺ , in particular positively charged, stands for a group, in particular a quaternary phosphonium group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the, in particular negatively charged, group Q ^{- is} a group, in particular a para-benzenesulfonylimide group, for example a para-trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group, of the general chemical formula:

In a further embodiment, the, in particular negatively charged, group Q ^{- represents} a group, in particular a para-benzenesulfonate group, of the general chemical formula:

R10, R11, R12, R13 and / or R14 or R30, R31, R32 and / or R33 or R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'or R50, R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54 'or R100, R101 and / or R101' or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' respectively R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131, R131' and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R200, R201 , R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 each independently of one another represent hydrogen and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkyl group, in particular having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, especially Oligo-alkylene oxide, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide or oligo-propylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or a halogen atom, in particular fluorine, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkoxy, for example having a carbon chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene oxide, for example oligo-phenylene, in particular ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units , and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenoxy group and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene group, for example oligo-phenylene group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted , Phenyl group and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, benzylene group, for example oligo-benzylene group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group, especially one Ketone group, for example an alkylcarbonyl group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or one, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic , Carbamate group and / or - in particular in Case of R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'or R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54 ' or R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 - for a charged group, for example one positively charged group, for example based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a quaternary ammonium group and / or a quaternary phosphonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example based on a lead salt anion, in particular a lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example for example, a sulfonylimide group, and / or a sulfonate group, for example, a lithium sulfonylimide group and / or a lithium sulfonate group.

R20, R21 and / or R22 or R60, R61 and / or R62 can each independently, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkyl group, in particular having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, and or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide group or propylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group or oligo-propylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, alkoxy group, for example having a carbon chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene oxide group, for example oligo-phenylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenoxy group and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenylene group, for example oligo-phenylene, in particular ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, phenyl group and / or one, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, benzylene group, for example oligo-benzylene, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, and / or a, in particular substituted or unsubstituted, benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group, in particular a ketone group, for example an alkylcarbonyl group, and / or one, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or one, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group , in particular a lactone group, and / o which are a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group.

Under an alkyl group or an alkylene group or an alkylene oxide or an Etyhlenoxidgruppe or a propylene oxide or an oligo-alkylene or an oligo-ethylene oxide or an oligo-propylene oxide or alkoxy or phenylene oxide or an oligo-phenylene or phenoxy or phenylene or an oligo -Phenylene group or a phenyl group or a benzylene group or an oligo-benzylene group or For the purposes of the present invention, a benzyl group may in particular be understood as meaning a particular group which may be both substituted and unsubstituted.

In the context of R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R20, R21 R22, R30, R31, R32, R33, R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45, R45 ', R50, R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54, R54 ', R60, R61, R62, R100, R101, R101', R110, R111, R111 ', R112, R112' R120, R120 ', R121, R121', R130, R130 ', R131, R131', R132, R140, R150, R160, R170, R180, R180 'R181, R181', R182, R200, R201, R202, R203, R210 R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 can be an alkyl group or alkoxy group, for example a carbon chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 16 carbon atoms, for example a carbon chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 4 carbon atoms, and / or of ≥ 4 to ≦ 8 carbon atoms and / or from ≥ 9 to ≤ 13 carbon atoms. In particular, an alkyl group may be a saturated alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a -CH ₃ where 1 ≤ a ≤ 15.

In the context of R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R20, R21 R22, R30, R31, R32, R33, R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45, R45 ', R50, R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54, R54 ', R60, R61, R62, R100, R101, R101', R110, R111, R111 ', R112, R112' R120, R120 ', R121, R121', R130, R130 ', R131, R131', R132, R140, R150, R160, R170, R180, R180 'R181, R181', R182, R200, R201, R202, R203, R210 R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 can be an alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide group or propylene oxide group, in particular oligoalkylene oxide group, for example oligo-ethylene oxide group or oligo-propylene oxide group, or a phenylene oxide group, for example oligo-phenylene oxide group, or a phenylene group, for example oligo-phenylene group or a benzylene group, for example oligo-benzylene group, for example ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≦ 10 repeating units, for example ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≦ 4 repeating units. For example, an alkylene oxide unit may have the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example, 1 ≦ or 2 ≦ b ≦ 4.

In the context of R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R20, R21 R22, R30, R31, R32, R33, R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45, R45 ', R50, R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54, R54 ', R60, R61, R62, R100, R101, R101', R110, R111, R111 ', R112, R112' R120, R120 ', R121, R121', R130, R130 ', R131, R131', R132, R140, R150, R160, R170, R180, R180 'R181, R181', R182, R200, R201, R202, R203, R210 , R211, R212, 213, and / or R214 are combinations of these groups, for example an alkyl-alkylene group, for example an alkyl oligo-alkylene group, for example the general chemical formula: H ₃ C- (CH _{2) a1 *} - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _{b1 *} - with 0 ≤ a1 * ≤ 15, in particular 0 ≤ a1 * ≤ 3, and 1 ≤ b1 * ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ b1 * ≤ 4, or an alkyl-alkylene-alkyl group, for example an alkyl-oligo-alkylene-alkyl group, or an alkoxy-alkylene oxide group, for example alkoxy-oligo-alkylene oxide group, or an alkoxy-alkylene-alkyl group , for example Alkoxy-oligo-alkylene oxide alkyl group, for example of the general chemical formula: H ₃ C- (CH ₂ ) a _{2 *} -O- [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _{b 2 *} - (CH ₂ ) a _{2 * '} - with 0 ≦ a2 * ≦ 15, in particular 0 ≦ a2 * ≦ 3, 0 ≦ a2 * '≦ 15, in particular 0 ≦ a2 *' ≦ 3, and 1 ≦ b2 * ≦ 10, in particular 1 ≦ or 2 ≦ b2 * ≦ 4, possible.

For example, R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 ', for example R110, R111 and / or R111', or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131 and / or R131' or R150 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R10, R11, R13 and / or R14 or R30, R32 and / or R33 or R41, R41 ', R42, R42 ', R43, R43', R44, R44 ', R45 and / or R45' or R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 each independently represent hydrogen and / or a halogen atom, in particular fluorine, and / or an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, and / or an alkoxy group and or a phenylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a P henoxygruppe and / or a phenylene group, in particular an oligo-phenylene group, and / or a phenyl group and / or a benzylene group, in particular an oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group and / or one, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular the base of a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a quaternary ammonium group and / or a quaternary phosphonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, in particular lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, and or a sulfonate group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or a sulfo Natatgruppe, for example, a lithium sulfonyl imide group and / or a Lithiumiumsulfonatgruppe stand.

For example, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 ', R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54, respectively 'or R100, R101 and / or R101' or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131, R131' and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 for a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example for a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group and / or an imidazolium group and / or a piperidinium group and / or a pyrrolidinium group and / or a quaternary phosphonium group and / or a guanidinium group and / or a morpholinium group and / or a uronium group and / or a thiouronium group, for example a quaternary ammonium group and / or a e quaternary phosphonium group. Thus, if necessary, the ionic conductivity can be further improved.

In particular, R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 may represent a negatively charged group, in particular based on a lead salt anion, in particular lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example a sulfonylimide group, and / or a sulfonate group, for example a lithium sulfonylimide group and / or a lithium sulfonate group. For example, at least one of R200, R201, R202 and R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214, for example, at least two or three of the radicals R200, R201, R202 and R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214, optionally all radicals R200, R201, R202 and R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214, for a negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, in particular lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example a Sulfonylimide group, and / or a sulfonate group, for example, a lithium sulfonylimide group and / or a lithium sulfonate group. Thus, if necessary, the ionic conductivity can be further improved.

R132 or R140 or R160 or R170 or R12 or R20, R21 and R22 or R31 or R40 or R50 or R60, R61 and R62 can each independently of one another represent an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligoalkylene oxide group, and / or a Alkoxy group and / or a phenylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a phenoxy group and / or a phenylene group, in particular an oligo-phenylene group, and / or a phenyl group and / or a benzylene group, in particular an oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or one, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, Carbamate group stand.

R132 may in particular be a or, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group and / or an alkyl group, in particular a methyl group or an ethyl group, for example a methyl group. Thus, advantageously, the ionic conductivity can be further improved.

R20 and / or R21 or R60 and / or R61 or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 may in particular be an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group, in particular a methyl group, and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligoalkylene oxide group, stand. By means of a short-chain alkyl group, such as a methyl group, the polymer can advantageously be optimized with regard to its ion-conducting function.

In a specific embodiment, the radicals R 10, R 11, R 12, R 13 and / or R 14 or R 20, R 21 and / or R 22 or R 30, R 31, R 32 and / or R 33 or R 40, R 41, R 41 ', R 42, R 42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'or R50, R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54 'or R60, R61 and / or R62 or R100 , R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated. By halogenation, in particular fluorination, advantageously the polarity of the polymer can be influenced and thus the solubility of polysulfides by the polymer, in particular by alkylene oxide groups, possibly which, when used in combination with a sulfur-carbon composites, for example sulfur-polymer and / or carbon-modification composites, in particular sulfur-polymer composites with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular covalently, to the Polymer of the composite bound sulfur, for example sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composites, such as a SPAN composite, may be particularly advantageous as a cathode material.

In an alternative or additional embodiment, the radicals R10, R11, R12, R13 and / or R14 or R20, R21 and / or R22 or R30, R31, R32 and / or R33 or R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42 ', R43, R43', R44, R44 ', R45 and / or R45' or R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R60, R61 and / or R62 or R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example one, in particular quaternary, ammonium group and / or one, in particular quaternary, phosphonium group, and / or having at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example having at least one sulfonylimide, for example, lithium sulfonylimide , and / or substituted with at least one sulfonate group, for example, lithium sulfonate group. Thus, advantageously, the ionic conductivity, in particular by ion dissociation or Gegenionsolvatisierung, for example, lithium ion solvation, further increased. In particular, R10, R11, R12, R13 and / or R14 or R20, R21 and / or R22 or R30, R31, R32 and / or R33 or R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44 ', R45 and / or R45' or R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R60, R61 and / or R62 is substituted by at least one positively charged group or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 be substituted with at least one negatively charged group, for example which in particular as above, in particular in the context of connected via the spacer X groups Q ⁺ or Q ^- , in particular Q ^- , explained can be designed.

In an alternative or additional embodiment, the radicals R10, R11, R12, R13 and / or R14 or R20, R21 and / or R22 or R30, R31, R32 and / or R33 or R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42 ', R43, R43', R44, R44 ', R45 and / or R45' or R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R60, R61 and / or R62 or R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 with at least one oxygen-containing group, for example alkoxy group and / or alkylene oxide group, for example oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide group and / or oligo-propylene oxide group, and / or ketone group, for example, alkylcarbonyl group, and / or carboxylic acid ester group substituted. Thus, advantageously, the ionic conductivity can be further increased since - in particular oligo-alkylene oxide groups, such as oligo-ethylene oxide groups, - offer a possibility, inter alia, to lower the glass transition temperature of the polymer or polymer electrolyte.

Aromatic groups, such as phenylene groups and benzylene groups, advantageously offer a plurality of substitution positions which can be substituted with charged groups and / or oxygen-containing groups, and thus in particular make it possible to optimize the ionic conductivity.

For example, therefore R10, R11, R13 and / or R14 or R30, R32 and / or R33 or R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'or R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and or R121 'or R130, R130', R131 and / or R131 'or R150 or R180, R180' R181, R181 'and / or R182 or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and For example, R.sup.2 and / or R.sup.24 may each independently of one another denote hydrogen and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted u nd / or with at least a negatively charged group, in particular based on a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group alkyl group, and / or one, partial or complete halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the Base of a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or with at least one oxygen-containing group substituted alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, in particular oligo-alkylene, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide group or oligo-propylene oxide group, and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or having at least one negatively charged group, in particular the base of a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or Lithiumulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group alkoxy group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated , in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with min at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenylene oxide group, for example Oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or L. ithiumsulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenoxy group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least a quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted by at least one oxygen-containing group phenylene group, for example oligo-phenylene group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, i nsbesondere on the basis of a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion one ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenyl group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular the base of a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of Leitsalzanions, for example Lithi um-Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or Lithiumulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group benzylene group, for example oligo-benzylene group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group benzyl group e, and / or a carbonyl group, in particular a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one Lithiumulfonylimidgruppe and / or Lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular the base of a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid , for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group pe, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonyl and / or Lithiumiumsulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic , Carbamate group.

R12 or R20, R21 and / or R21 or R31 or R40 or R50 or R60, R61 and / or R62 or R132 or R140 or R160 or R170 can therefore each independently of one another for one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or Lithiumulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group alkyl group, and / or a, teilwe ise or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group alkylene oxide group, for example ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, in particular oligo Alkylene oxide group, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide group or oligo-propylene oxide group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular e is based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion one ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group alkoxy group and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular on Base of a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of Leitsalzanions, for example lithium-conducting salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenylene oxide group, for example oligo-phenylene oxide, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated , and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example, with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or Lithiumulfonatgruppe, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenoxy group, and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or substituted with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, and / or with at least a negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group phenylene group, for example oligo -Phenylene group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, especially fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary amine and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or phenyl group substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one Lithiumiumsulfony limidgruppe and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group benzene group, for example oligo-benzylene group, and / or one, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, especially on the basis a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted benzyl group, and / or a carbonyl group, in particular a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group, and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or mi t at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular on the basis of Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions , and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or with at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one ne gatively charged group, in particular based on a lead salt anion, for example lithium lead salt anion, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulfonylimide group and / or lithium sulfonate group, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or one, partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, and / or having at least one positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one quaternary ammonium group and / or phosphonium group, substituted and / or with at least one negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, for example with at least one lithium sulf onylimidgruppe and / or lithium sulfonate, substituted and / or substituted with at least one oxygen-containing group, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group.

For example, R100, R101 and / or R101 'or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131 and / or R131 'respectively R150 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 or R10, R11, R13 and / or R14 or R30, R32 and / or R33 or R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44 ', R45 and / or R45' or R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and or R214 each independently of one another represent hydrogen and / or a halogen atom, in particular fluorine, or an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group, and / or an alkoxy group and / or a phenylene oxide group, in particular oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a phenoxy group and / or a phenylene group, in particular oligo-phenylene group, and / or a phenyl group and / or a benzylene group, in particular oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group , in particular a lactone group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a quaternary ammonium group and / or a quaternary Phosphonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, for example, lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, and / or a sulfonate group, for example, a Lithiumulfonylimidgruppe and / or Lithiumulfonatgruppe.

In this case, R132 or R140 or R160 or R170 or R12 or R20, R21 and R22 or R31 or R40 or R50 or R60, R61 and R62 can each independently of one another for an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide, in particular oligo-alkylene, and / or a Alkoxy group and / or a phenylene oxide group, in particular oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a phenoxy group and / or a phenylene group, in particular oligo-phenylene group, and / or a phenyl group and / or a benzylene group, in particular oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and or a carbonyl group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group.

In a specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one recurring unit based on a cyclic carbonate of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one lactone-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one recurring unit based on a cyclic carbamate and having the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one repeat unit based on an alkylene oxide, in particular ethylene oxide, of the general chemical formula:

Here n _IV or n _{IX stands} for the number of ethylene oxide units. For example, 1 ≦ n _IV ≦ 15, for example, 2 ≦ n _IV ≦ 6, or 1 ≦ n _IX ≦ 15, for example, 2 ≦ n _IX ≦ 6.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular of the cathode material, at least one recurring unit based on an acyclic carbonate of the general chemical formula:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one recurring unit based on an acyclic carboxylic acid ester of the general chemical formula:

Within the scope of a further, alternative or additional specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one recurring unit based on an acyclic carbamate and having the general chemical formula:

It says - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] - , - [A _VIII ] - or - [A _IX ] - in particular for a polymer back forming unit. (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ) or (X _IX ) is in particular a spacer , xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii or xix stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the (respective) spacer. In particular, xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii or xix can be 1 or 0, for example 1.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] - or - [A _IX ] - can be configured, for example, as explained in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacer (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ) or (X _IX ) can, for example, as in Connection with the spacer X explained be configured. R100, R101, R101 ', R110, R111, R111', R112, R112 ', R120, R120', R121, R121 ', R130, R130', R131, R131 ', R132, R140, R150, R160 R180, R180' For example, R181, R181 ', R182 and / or R170 may also be configured as explained above.

X _I or X _II or X _III or X _IV or X _V or X _VI or X _VII or X _VIII or X _IX can be, for example, one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylene spacers, for example of the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 10, for example with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 4, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated , in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, for example Oligo-Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular (oligo-) Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: - CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - mi t 1 ≦ b1 ≦ 10, for example with 2 ≦ b1 ≦ 4, and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example with 2 ≦ b ≦ 4, and / or - (CH _{2) a2} -O- [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b2 - (CH _{2) a2 '-} 1 ≤ a2 ≤ 3, 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 4 , and 1 ≦ a2 '≦ 3, and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one having at least one alkyl group and / or one alkylene oxide group and / or one alkoxy group and or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, with at least one Alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or Su lfonate group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group.

R100, R101 and / or R101 or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131, R131' and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 can in each case independently of one another be hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) a 1 _* -CH ₃ with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ a1 * ≤ 10, for example with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ a1 * ≤ 3, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example iel an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one having at least one alkyl group and / or one alkylene oxide group and / or one Alkoxy group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, for example a sulfonylimide group and / or sulfonate group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group , For example, alkylcarbonyl group.

In this case, for example, at least two of the radicals R100, R101 and / or R101 or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180' R181, R181 'and / or R182 - optionally all radicals R100, R101 and / or R101 or R110, R111, R111', R112 and / or R112 'or R120, R120', R121 and / or R121 'or R130, R130', R131, R131 'and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180' R181, R181 'and / or R182 - for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or degree of halogenation, in particular fluorination, stand. In particular, R100, R101 and / or R101 or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131, R131' and / or R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 each independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group or an ethyl group or an especially saturated alkyl group with a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 3 to ≤ 5 carbon atoms.

R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 may in particular be an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or ethyl group, in particular a methyl group, and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular oligoalkylene oxide group. By means of a short-chain alkyl group, such as a methyl group, the polymer can advantageously be optimized with regard to its ion-conducting function.

In particular, R132 or R140 or R150 or R160 or R170 may be a methyl group.

und/oder eine Methylmethacrylat-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

und/oder eine Siloxan-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen Formel:

insbesondere wobei R für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:
zum Beispiel der allgemeinen Formel:

und/oder eine Phosphazen-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:,

und/oder

und/oder

und/oder

und/oder

insbesondere wobei R’ für Wasserstoff oder (vorzugsweise) für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht, und/oder eine Siloxan-Alkylenoxid-Einheit, beispielsweise eine Siloxan-Ethylenoxid-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen oder sein, insbesondere wobei xq die Anbindungsstelle/n kennzeichnet beziehungsweise für XQ steht. Durch Polysiloxane, Polyphosphazene und/oder Polymere aus Siloxan-Alkylenoxid-Einheiten können vorteilhafterweise niedrige Glasübergangstemperaturen erzielt werden. Polymethacrylate und/oder Polymethylmethacrylate können vorteilhafterweise vergleichsweise einfach synthetisch zugänglich sein.In particular, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [ A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ), a methacrylate unit, for example, the general chemical formula:

and / or a methyl methacrylate unit, for example the general chemical formula:

and / or a siloxane unit, for example the general formula:

in particular where R is an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group, for example the general chemical formula:
for example the general formula:

and / or a phosphazene unit, for example the general chemical formula :,

and or

and or

and or

and or

in particular where R 'is hydrogen or (preferably) an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group, and / or a siloxane-alkylene oxide unit, for example a siloxane Ethylene oxide unit, for example the general chemical formula:

include or be, in particular where xq denotes the connection point (s) or stands for XQ. By means of polysiloxanes, polyphosphazenes and / or polymers of siloxane-alkylene oxide units, advantageously low glass transition temperatures can be achieved. Polymethacrylates and / or polymethylmethacrylates may advantageously be comparatively easily synthetically accessible.

The Polymer Backbone-Forming Unit - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] - , - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - can be used for example for a Alkylene oxide unit, for example an ethylene oxide unit and / or a propylene oxide unit, in particular for an ethylene oxide unit, and / or an alkylene unit and / or unit comprising a carbonate group and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a phenylene unit, for example a phenylene oxide unit, and / or a benzylene unit. For example, the polymer backbone moiety - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - for an alkylene oxide unit, for example an ethylene oxide unit and / or a propylene oxide unit, in particular for an ethylene oxide unit, and / or an alkylene unit and / or a unit comprising a carbonate group and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a phenylene unit, for example a phenylene oxide unit. In particular, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - for a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methacrylate unit and or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit, for example a siloxane unit. For example, the polymer backbone moiety - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - for a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methacrylate unit and or a methyl methacrylate unit

In a further embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit is - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] - , - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - for a polyfunctionalized, for example, bifunctionalized, trifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized, polymer backbone-forming unit. For example, the polymer backbone moiety - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - for at least one polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, siloxane unit and / or a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized, phosphazene unit and / or polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized, phenylene unit stand.

stehen. Dabei kann xq jeweils für eine Anbindungsstelle, insbesondere an welcher jeweils eine Gruppe Q, beispielsweise Q⁺ beziehungsweise Q^– beziehungsweise Q, über einen Spacer X, insbesondere X_x, an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- angebunden ist, beziehungsweise jeweils für XQ, also jeweils für eine Gruppe Q, beispielsweise Q⁺ beziehungsweise Q^– beziehungsweise Q, und einen Spacer X, insbesondere X_x, stehen. R’ kann dabei insbesondere für Wasserstoff oder (vorzugsweise) für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, stehtIn a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the polymer backbone-forming unit is - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - or the repeating unit ([A] -XQ) for a polyfunctionalized, for example bifunctionalized or tetrafunctionalized polymer backbone forming unit of general chemical formula:

stand. In this case, xq in each case for a connection point, in particular to which in each case a group Q, for example Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, via a spacer X, in particular X _x , to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - is connected, or respectively for XQ, ie in each case for a group Q, for example Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, and a spacer X, in particular X _x , are. R 'may be in particular hydrogen or (preferably) an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group

über einen Spacer (X_I)_xi an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_I]- angebunden sein.At the attachment sites xq, in each case a cyclic carbonate group substituted by R100, R101 and R101 ', in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _I ) _xi to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _I ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_II)_xii an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_II]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq, in each case one with R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' substituted lactone group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _II ) _xii to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _II ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_III)_xiii an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_III]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq, in each case one with R120, R120 ', 121 and / or R121' substituted cyclic carbamate group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _III ) _xiii to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _III ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_IV)_xiv an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_IV]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq, in each case one with R130, R130 ', 131, R131' and 132 substituted alkylene oxide group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _IV ) _xiv to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _IV ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_V)_xv an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_V]- angebunden sein. Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R140 acyclic carbonate group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _V ) _xv to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _V ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_VI)_xvi an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_VI]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R150 acyclic carboxylic acid ester group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _VI ) _xvi to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _VI ] - be attached.

über einen Spacer (X_VII)_xvii an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_VII]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R160 acyclic carbamate group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _VII ) _xvii to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _VII ] - be attached.

über einen Spacer (X_VIII)_xviii an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_VIII]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R170 acyclic carbamate group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _VIII ) _xviii to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _VIII ] - be attached.

über einen Spacer (X_IX)_xix an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_IX]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq, in each case one with R180, R180 'R181, R181' and R182 substituted alkylene oxide, in particular of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _IX ) _xix to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _IX ] - be attached.

über einen Spacer (X_a)_xa an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_a]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R10, R11, R12, R13 and R14 pyridinium, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _a ) _xa to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _a ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_b)_xb an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_b]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R20, R21 and R22 ammonium group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _b ) _xb to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _b ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_c)_xc an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_c]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R30, R31, R32 and R33 imidazolium group, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _c ) _xc to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _c ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_d)_xd an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_d]- angebunden sein. Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case one with R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and R45 'substituted piperidinium, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _d ) _xd to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _d ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_e)_xe an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_e]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case one with R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and R54' substituted pyrrolidinium, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _e ) _xe to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _e ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_f)_xf an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_f]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R60, R61 and R62 phosphonium, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _f ) _xf to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _f ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_Z)_xz an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_Z]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can in each case a substituted with R200, R201, R202 and R203 benzenesulfonate, in particular that of the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _Z ) _xz to the polymer back-forming unit - [A _Z ] - be connected.

über einen Spacer (X_Z1)_xz1 an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A_Z1]- angebunden sein.Respectively at the attachment sites xq can each be a substituted with R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214 para-benzenesulfonylimide group, for example a para-Trifluormethansulfonylimid-benzene group, in particular the general chemical formula:

via a spacer (X _Z1 ) _xz1 to the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _Z1 ] - be attached.

oder eine Alkylen-Einheit, beispielsweise eine Ethylen-Einheit und/oder Propylen-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

und/oder eine Carbonat-Einheit, und/oder eine Methacrylat-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

und/oder eine Methylmethacrylat-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

und/oder eine Siloxan-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen Formel:

insbesondere wobei R für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht, zum Beispiel

und/oder eine Phosphazen-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

insbesondere wobei R’ für Wasserstoff oder (vorzugsweise) für eine Alkylgruppe, beispielsweise für eine Methyl-, Ethyl- und/oder Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methylgruppe, steht, und/oder eine Siloxan-Alkylenoxid-Einheit, beispielsweise eine Siloxan-Ethylenoxid-Einheit, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

und/oder eine Phenylen-Einheit, insbesondere eines Polyphenylens, beispielsweise eines para-Polyphenylens, beispielsweise mit Etherfunktion, zum Beispiel der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen, insbesondere wobei xq die Anbindungsstelle/n kennzeichnet beziehungsweise für XQ steht.The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] - or - [A _IX ] - can - as well as the polymer back forming units - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - and / or - [A _Z1 ] - the specific embodiments explained below, an alkylene oxide unit, for example an ethylene oxide unit, for Example of the general chemical formula:

or an alkylene unit, for example an ethylene unit and / or propylene unit, for example of the general chemical formula:

and / or a carbonate unit, and / or a methacrylate unit, for example the general chemical formula:

and / or a methyl methacrylate unit, for example the general chemical formula:

and / or a siloxane unit, for example the general formula:

in particular wherein R is an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group, for example

and / or a phosphazene unit, for example the general chemical formula:

in particular where R 'is hydrogen or (preferably) an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl and / or propyl group, for example a methyl group, and / or a siloxane-alkylene oxide unit, for example a siloxane Ethylene oxide unit, for example the general chemical formula:

and / or a phenylene unit, in particular a polyphenylene, for example a para-polyphenylene, for example with ether function, for example of the general chemical formula:

in particular, where xq denotes the attachment site (s) or stands for XQ.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one pyridinium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

In this case - [A _a ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _a ) stands for a spacer. xa stands for the number, in particular the presence or absence, of the spacer (X _a ). In this case, xa may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _a ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _a ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R10, R11, R12, R13 and / or R14 may also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

(X _a ) can be used in particular for one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenspacer, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 12, for example with 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 3, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, especially fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 4, and / or another positively charged group, for example another pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one, having at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positive a charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, having at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example, alkylcarbonyl group.

R 12 stands in particular for one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, in particular having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 16 carbon atoms, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} -CH ₃ with 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 15, for example with 8 ≦ a1 * ≦ 12, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example one Ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positively charged group, for example a further pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a Phenylengr uppe, for example, one with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, having at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group. For example, R 12 may be a saturated alkyl group, in particular having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 16 carbon atoms. For example, R 12 may be a saturated alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 9 to ≤ 13 carbon atoms, for example an undecyl group (-C ₁₁ H ₂₃ ).

R 10, R 11, R 13 and / or R 14 may each independently be hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} -CH ₃ with 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 15, for example with 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 3, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated , in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positive charged group, for example another pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group For example, one, at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group stand. In this case, for example, at least two, for example at least three, of the radicals R10, R11, R12, R13 and R14, optionally all radicals R10, R11, R12, R13 and R14, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide, for Example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are.

Examples of such embodiments are:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one ammonium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

Where - [A _b ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _b ) stands for a spacer. xb stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the spacer (X _b ). In this case, xb may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _b ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _b ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R20, R21 and / or R22 may also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

(X _b) may, in particular, for a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated alkylene spacers, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a1} - 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 12, for example with 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 3, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, especially fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 4, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a Phenylene group, for example one, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged n group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, having at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example, alkylcarbonyl group.

R 20, R 21 and R 22 may be, for example, in each case independently of one another hydrogen or a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, especially fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) a _{1 *} - CH ₃ with 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 15, for example 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 3 and / or 8 ≦ a1 * ≦ 12, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / o a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a Benzylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group stand. In this case, for example, at least two of the radicals R20, R21 and R22, if appropriate all radicals R20, R21 and R22, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are.

In a specific embodiment, R 20 and R 21 are identical or different, in particular saturated, alkyl groups having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 4 carbon atoms, for example a methyl group, and R22 is an especially saturated alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 9 to ≤ 13 carbon atoms, for example an undecyl group (-C ₁₁ H ₂₃ ).

Examples of such embodiments are:

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one imidazolium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

Here, - [A _c ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _c ) stands for a spacer. xc stands for the number, in particular the presence or absence, of the spacer (X _c ). In this case, xc may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _c ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _c ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. R30, R31, R32 and / or R33 may, for example, also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

mit 1 ≤ z1 ≤ 4, und/oder eine Ketongruppe, beispielsweise Alkylcarbonylgruppe, stehen.(X _c ) may be, for example, one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenspacer, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 12, for example with 3 ≦ a1 ≦ 5, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 , and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≤ b ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b ≤ 4, and / or another positively charged group e, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, for example the general chemical formula:

with 1 ≦ z1 ≦ 4, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group stand.

R30, R32 and / or R33 may each independently be hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} -CH ₃ with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 15, for example with 0 ≤ or 1 or ≤ 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 4, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium gr uppe, and / or a phenylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group. In this case, for example, at least two, in particular at least three, of the radicals R30, R31, R32 and R33, if appropriate all radicals R30, R31, R32 and R33, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide, for example with different lengths and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or degree of halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination. In particular, R30, R31, R32 and R33 may each independently represent hydrogen or a methyl group or an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 2 to ≤ 15 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 carbon atoms. R31 may in particular stand for a methyl group.

Within the scope of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one piperidinium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

In this case - [A _d ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _d ) stands for a spacer. xd stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the spacer (X _d ). In this case, xd may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _d ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacer (X _d ), for example, designed as explained in connection with the spacer X. be. R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'may, for example, also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

(X _d) may, in particular, for a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated alkylene spacers, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a1} - 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 15, for example with 3 ≦ a1 ≦ 5, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 , and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example with 2 ≦ b ≦ 4, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one substituted with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group Phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example Alkylcarbonylgruppe stand. In particular, the spacer X can be a saturated alkyl spacer having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 15 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 3 to ≦ 5 carbon atoms.

R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'can each independently of one another denote hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example of the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) a 1 _* -CH ₃ with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 15, for example with 0 ≤ or 1 or ≤ 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 4, and / or a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide, in particular ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or a further positively charged group, for example a P yridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and or a benzylene group, for example one with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group , In this case, for example, at least two, in particular at least three, of the radicals R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 ', optionally all radicals R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 ', for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are. In particular, R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'may each independently be hydrogen or a methyl group or an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 2 to ≤15 Carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 carbon atoms, are. R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'may in particular stand for hydrogen. R40 may in particular stand for a methyl group.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one pyrrolidinium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

In this case - [A _e ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _e ) stands for a spacer. xe stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the spacer (X _e ). In this case, xe may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _e ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _e ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' may also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

(X _e ) can in this case in particular for one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenspacer, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 15, for example with 3 ≦ a1 ≦ 5, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 , and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example with 2 ≦ b ≦ 4, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one substituted with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group Phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example a, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example Alkylcarbonylgruppe stand. In particular, the spacer X can be a saturated alkyl spacer having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 15 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 3 to ≦ 5 carbon atoms.

R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' can each independently of one another denote hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} -CH ₃ with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ or 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 15, for example with 0 ≤ or 1 or ≤ 2 ≤ a1 * ≤ 4, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide, in particular an oligo-alkylene, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units , for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a phenylene group substituted by at least one alkyl group and / or one alkylene oxide group and / or one alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or or a benzylene group, for example one with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group. In this case, for example, at least two, in particular at least three, of the radicals R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54', optionally all radicals R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54 ', for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or degree of halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are. In particular, R 50, R 51, R 51 ', R 52, R 52', R 53, R 53 ', R 54 and / or R 54' may each independently be hydrogen or a methyl group or an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 2 to ≤ 15 carbon atoms, for example ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 carbon atoms. R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54 and / or R54' may in particular stand for hydrogen. R50 may be in particular a methyl group or an ethyl group.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one phosphonium-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

In this case - [A _f ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _f ) stands for a spacer. xf stands for the number, in particular the presence or absence, of the spacer (X _f ). In this case, xf may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _f ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _f ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R60, R61 and / or R62 may also be configured as explained above.

Z ^- may in particular be perchlorate and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride.

(X _f) may, in particular, for a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example, partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated alkylene spacers, for example, the general chemical formula: - (CH _{2) a1} - 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 15, for example with 2 ≦ a1 ≦ 8, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 , and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b with 1 ≦ b ≦ 10, for example with 2 ≦ b ≦ 4, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example one, having at least one alkyl group and / or one alkylene oxide group and / or one alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example, a quaternary ammonium group, substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example, a benzylene group substituted with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group. In particular, the spacer X may be a saturated alkyl spacer having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≦ 16 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 3 to ≦ 9 carbon atoms.

R60, R61 and R61 may each independently be hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} - CH ₃ with 0 ≦ or 1 ≦ or 2 ≦ a1 * ≦ 15, for example with 0 ≦ or 1 or ≦ 2 ≦ a1 * ≦ 4, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another positively charged group, for example a pyridinium group and / or a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a phenylene group substituted by at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, with at least one alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group and / or an alkoxy group and / or another positively charged group, for example a quaternary ammonium group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group. In this case, for example, at least two of the radicals R60, R61 and R61, optionally all radicals R60, R61 and R61, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are. In particular, R60, R61 and R61 each independently represent an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, for example, from ≥ 3 to ≤ carbon atoms.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one benzenesulfonate-based repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

Where - [A _Z ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _Z ) stands for a spacer. xz stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the spacer (X _Z ). In this case, xz may in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _Z ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _Z ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 may also be configured as explained above.

Z ⁺ may in particular be a cation, in particular a metal cation, for example alkali metal ion, for example lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular lithium ion (Li ⁺ ).

( _XZ ) may in particular be a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenspacer, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 15, for example with 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 3, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b 1 ≤ b ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b ≤ 4, and / or - (CH _{2) a2} -O- [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b2 - ( CH ₂ ) _{a2 '} - with 1 ≤ a2 ≤ 3, 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 4, and 1 ≤ a2' ≤ 3, and / or a further lithium sulfonate group and / or a phenylene group, for example one with at least one lithium sulfonate substituted phenylene group (phenylene sulfonate unit), and / or a benzylene group, for example, a, substituted with at least one lithium sulfonate benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group, and / or an ether oxygen.

R200, R201, R202 and R203 can each independently of one another denote hydrogen or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) a 1 _* -CH ₃ with 0 ≤ or 1 ≤ a1 * ≤ 15, for example with 1 ≤ a1 * ≤ 2, and / or a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkylene oxide group, for example an ethylene oxide, in particular an oligo-alkylene, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or a further negatively charged group, for example a lithium sulfonate group, and / or a phenylene group, for example a phenylene group substituted by at least one negative group, for example a lithium sulfonate group, and / or a benzylene group, for example one, with at least one negative group, for example Lithium sulfonate group, substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example, alkylcarbonyl group. In this case, for example, at least two of the radicals R200, R201, R202 and R203, if appropriate all radicals R200, R201, R202 and R203, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide groups, for example with different length and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or degree of halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are. In particular, R200, R201, R202 and R203 may each independently represent hydrogen or a lithium sulfonate group or an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 15 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 1 to ≤ 2 carbon atoms, for example the alkyl group substituted especially with at least one lithium sulfonate group general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _s1 -SO ₃ Li with 0 ≤ s1 ≤ 15, for example with 0 ≤ s1 ≤ 2, stand. In particular, R200, R201, R202 and R203 may each independently be hydrogen, one, in particular saturated, for example partially or completely, sulfonated and / or halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, for example ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 carbon atoms, and / or one, for example partially or completely, sulfonated and / or halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidgruppe, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide group.

In particular, R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 may be substituted by at least one sulfonate group, in particular a lithium sulfonate group.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one repeat unit based on a trifluoromethanesulphonylimide-benzene group and having the general chemical formula:

Where - [A _Z1 ] - represents a polymer back forming unit. (X _Z1 ) stands for a spacer. xz1 stands for the number, in particular the presence or absence, of the spacer (X _Z1 ). In this case, xz1 can in particular be 1 or 0, for example 1. The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _Z1 ] - may, for example, be designed as described in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacers (X _Z1 ) can be designed, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. For example, R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 may also be configured as explained above.

Z ⁺ may in particular be a cation, in particular a metal cation, for example alkali metal ion, for example lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular lithium ion (Li ⁺ ).

(X _Z1 ) may be in particular for one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenspacer, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _a1 - with 1 ≤ a1 ≤ 15, for example with 1 ≦ a1 ≦ 3, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidspacer, in particular Ethylenoxidspacer, in particular with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 repeating units, for example the general chemical formula: -CH ₂ - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O] _b1 -CH ₂ - with 1 ≤ b1 ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b1 ≤ 4 and / or the general chemical formula: - [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b 1 ≤ b ≤ 10, for example with 2 ≤ b ≤ 4, and / or - (CH _{2) a2} -O- [CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-] _b2 - (CH ₂ ) _{a2 '} - with 1 ≤ a2 ≤ 3, 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 10, in particular 1 ≤ b2 ≤ 4, and 1 ≤ a2' ≤ 3, and / or another lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group and / or a phenylene group, for example a phenylene group substituted by at least one lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group (phenylene-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide-benzene unit), and / or a benzylene group, for example one containing at least one lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene unit Group substituted benzylene group, and / or a ketone group, for example alkylcarbonyl group, and / or an ether oxygen.

R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214 may be, for example, independently of one another hydrogen or a, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or fully halogenated, in particular fluorinated, alkyl group, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{a1 *} -CH ₃ with 0 ≦ or 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 15, for example with 1 ≦ a1 * ≦ 2, and / or one, in particular saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, for example partially or completely halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylene oxide, for example an ethylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene, for example, an oligo-ethylene oxide group, in particular with ≥ 1 to ≤ 10 repeating units, for example with ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 5 repeating units, and / or another lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene Group and / or a phenylene group, for example one, with at least one it is lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group-substituted phenylene group, and / or a benzylene group, for example, a benzylene group substituted with at least one lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group, and / or a ketone group, for example, alkylcarbonyl group. In this case, for example, at least two of the radicals R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214, optionally all radicals R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214, for different groups, for example alkyl groups and / or oligo-alkylene oxide, for example, with different lengths and / or substitution and / or degree of saturation and / or degree of branching and / or degree of halogenation, in particular degree of fluorination, are. In particular, R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214 may each independently represent hydrogen or a lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group or an alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ especially substituted with at least one lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide-benzene group 15 carbon atoms, for example from ≥ 1 to ≤ 2 carbon atoms, for example the general chemical formula: - (CH ₂ ) _{s 2} -SO ₂ NSO ₂ CF ₃ Li with 0 ≤ s2 ≤ 15, for example with 0 ≤ s2 ≤ 2, stand. In particular, R210, R211, R212, 213 and R214 may each independently represent hydrogen, an especially saturated, for example partially or completely, bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide-substituted and / or halogenated, especially fluorinated, alkyl group having a chain length of ≥ 1 to ≤ 16 carbon atoms, for example of ≥ 1 or ≥ 2 to ≤ 4 carbon atoms, and / or one, for example partially or completely, bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide-substituted and / or halogenated, in particular fluorinated, Alkylenoxidgruppe, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group Example, an oligo-ethylene oxide group stand.

In particular, R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 may be in the form of another sulfonylimide group, for example trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group, in particular lithium trifluoromethanesulfonylimide group.

stehen, insbesondere wobei xq die Anbindungsstelle/n kennzeichnet beziehungsweise für XQ steht.In particular, the polymer backbone - [A _z ] - or - [A _z1 ] - for a phenylene unit, in particular a polyphenylene, for example a para-polyphenylene, for example with ether function, for example, the general chemical formula:

in particular, where xq denotes the connection point (s) or stands for XQ.

stehen, wobei n und n* für die Wiederholungszahlen der unsubstituierten Phenylen-Einheit stehen und beispielsweise dabei 0 ≤ n ≤ 3 und 0 ≤ n* ≤ 3 sind, insbesondere wobei xq die Anbindungsstelle/n kennzeichnet beziehungsweise für XQ steht.The polymer may comprise, for example, at least one, for example unsubstituted, further phenylene unit and / or at least one further phenylene unit substituted by at least one lithium sulfonate group. For example, the polymer backbone - [A _z ] - or - [A _z1 ] - for a phenylene unit of the general chemical formula:

where n and n * represent the repeating numbers of the unsubstituted phenylene unit and are, for example, 0 ≦ n ≦ 3 and 0 ≦ n * ≦ 3, in particular wherein xq denotes the attachment site (s) or stands for XQ.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional special embodiment, the polymer, in particular the at least one first repeat unit [A ₁ ], comprises or is based on a repeat unit of the general chemical formula ## STR4 ## which is based on a mono- or polysulphonated polyphenylene-based repeat unit.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

It says - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] - , - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - in particular for a polymer back forming unit. (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or (X _Z1 ) stands in particular for a spacer. xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, xix, xa, xb, xc, xd, xe, xf and xz stands for the number, in particular the presence or the absence, of the (respective) spacer. In particular, xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, xviii, xix, xa, xb, xc, xd, xe, xf and xz can be 1 or 0, for example 1. In this case n _IV stands for the number of ethylene oxide units and is in particular 1 ≦ n _IV ≦ 15, for example 2 ≦ n _IV ≦ 6. n _IX stands for the number of ethylene oxide units and is in particular 1 ≦ n _IX ≦ 15, for example 2 ≦ n _IX ≤ 6.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - can be configured, for example, as explained in connection with the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -. The spacer (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or (X _Z1 ) can be configured, for example, as explained in connection with the spacer X. R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R20, R21 R22, R30, R31, R32, R33, R40, R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45, R45 ', R50, R51, R51 ', R52, R52', R53, R53 ', R54, R54', R60, R61, R62, R100, R101, R101 ', R110, R111, R111', R112, R112 ', R120, R120 ', R121, R121', R130, R130 ', R131, R131', R132, R140, R150, R160, R170, R180, R180 'R181, R181', R182, R200, R201, R202, R203, R210, R211, For example, R212, 213 and / or R214 may also be configured as explained above.

The spacer (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), ( _Xb ), ( _Xc ), ( _Xd ), ( _Xe ), ( _Xf ), ( _XZ ) or ( _XZ1 ) may in particular - as explained in connection with the spacer X - at least one Alkylene oxide, for example, ethylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group, for example, oligo-ethylene oxide group, or an alkylene oxide spacer, for example ethylene oxide spacers in particular oligo-alkylene oxide spacers, for example oligo-ethylene oxide spacers be.

For example, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [ A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - (at least) for an alkylene oxide unit, in particular an ethylene oxide unit and / or propylene oxide unit, and / or an alkylene Unit and / or a unit comprising a carbonate group and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a phenylene unit. For example, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [ A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - (at least) for a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit.

In particular, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [ A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - (at least) for a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a Methyl methacrylate unit stand.

R10, R11, R13 and / or R14 or R30, R32 and / or R33 or R41, R41 ', R42, R42', R43, R43 ', R44, R44', R45 and / or R45 'or R51, R51', R52, R52 ', R53, R53', R54 and / or R54 'or R200, R201, R202 and / or R203 or R210, R211, R212, 213 and / or R214 or R100, R101 and / or R101' or R110, R111, R111 ', R112 and / or R112' or R120, R120 ', R121 and / or R121' or R130, R130 ', R131 and / or R131' or R150 or R180, R180 'R181, R181' and / or R182 in particular, in each case independently of one another can denote hydrogen and / or a halogen atom, in particular fluorine, and / or an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular an oligo-alkylene oxide group, and / or an alkoxy group and / or a phenylene oxide group, in particular oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a phenoxy group and / or a phenylene group, in particular oligo-phenylene group, and / or a P henylgruppe and / or a benzylene group, in particular oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and / or a carbonyl group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group, in particular a lactone group, and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group and / or a charged group, for example a positively charged group, in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, for example a quaternary ammonium group and / or a quaternary Phosphonium group, and / or a negatively charged group, in particular based on a Leitsalzanions, in particular a lithium Leitsalzanions, and / or an anion of an ionic liquid, in particular a sulfonylimide group, and / or a sulfonate group, for example a lithium sulfonate group and / or a lithium sulfonate group.

R12 or R20, R21 and R22 or R31 or R40 or R50 or R60, R61 and R62 or R132 or R140 or R160 or R170 can in each case independently of one another represent an alkyl group and / or an alkylene oxide group, in particular oligo-alkylene oxide group, and / or a Alkoxy group and / or a phenylene oxide group, in particular oligo-phenylene oxide group, and / or a phenoxy group and / or a phenylene group, in particular oligo-phenylene group, and / or a phenyl group and / or a benzylene group, in particular oligo-benzylene group, and / or a benzyl group and or a carbonyl group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbonate group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carboxylic acid ester group and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, carbamate group.

The polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular of the cathode material, can be both a homopolymer and a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer. The cathode material or the polymer electrolyte may, for example, comprise or be both a homopolymer and a plurality of homopolymers and / or both a copolymer and a plurality of copolymers, as well as a homopolymer / copolymer mixture.

umfasst. A, X, x und Q können dabei wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. Insbesondere kann dabei das Homo-Polymer eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen.In one embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte is a homopolymer or the cathode material comprises at least one homopolymer which contains at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

includes. A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. In particular, the homo-polymer may comprise one of the specific repeat units explained above.

aufweist. A, X, x und Q können dabei wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. Beispielsweise kann dabei das Co-Polymer mindestens eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen. Insbesondere kann die mindestens eine erste Wiederholungseinheit eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen beziehungsweise sein.In another embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte is a co-polymer or the cathode material comprises at least one co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co Polymer and / or a random copolymer comprising at least one first repeat unit and at least one second repeat unit different from the at least one first repeat unit, wherein the at least one first repeat unit has the general chemical formula:

having. A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. For example, the co-polymer may comprise at least one of the specific repeating units described above. In particular, the at least one first repeat unit can comprise or be one of the special repeat units explained above.

The at least one second repeating unit may be, for example, an arbitrary polymer back forming unit. For example, the at least one second repeating unit may be an alkylene oxide unit, for example a perfluorinated alkylene oxide unit and / or a perfluoropolyether unit, and / or a carbonate unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit and / or a phenylene oxide unit and / or a benzylene unit and / or an alkylene unit and / or a styrene unit include or be. In particular, the at least one second repeating unit may be an alkylene oxide unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a Or include a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit, for example a phenylene oxide unit, and / or an alkylene unit and / or a phenylene unit.

Optionally, the at least one second repeating unit may have no group Q and, for example, one, in particular simple, alkylene oxide unit, for example a perfluorinated alkylene oxide unit and / or a perfluoropolyether unit, and / or a carbonate unit and / or a siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit and / or a phenylene oxide unit and / or a benzylene unit and / or an alkylene unit, for example, an alkylene oxide unit and / or a phenylene unit, or other polymer backbone forming unit, for example, a (poly) styrene unit. (Poly) -phenylene units and / or (poly) styrene units, which can lead to higher glass transition temperatures, may be advantageous in terms of mechanical properties.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit of the at least one second repeating unit may be the same or different and be selected, for example, from the group of the alkylene oxide unit (s), in particular ethylene oxide unit (s) and / or propylene oxide unit (s), and / or, especially organic unit (s) comprising carbonate groups and / or siloxane unit / and / or phosphazene unit (s) and / or methyl methacrylate unit (s) and / or methacrylate unit (s) and / or a phenylene unit and / or a phenylene oxide unit (s) and / or a benzylene unit (s) and / or an alkylene unit (s).

In particular, the polymer backbone-forming moiety - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [ A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit of the at least one second repeating unit of the same class of polymers , for example those associated with - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [ A _VI] -, - [A _VII] -, - [A _VIII] -, - [A _IX] -, - [A _a] -, - [A _b] -, - [A _c] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - explained polymer classes, for example, the siloxane units (from the class of polysiloxanes) to be selected , Thus, advantageously, the synthesis can be simplified. Optionally, the polymer backbone-forming unit may be - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [ A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, but the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit of the at least one second repeating unit from each other be functionalized differently.

However, for example, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back-forming unit of the at least one second repeating unit different classes of polymers, for example from those in connection with - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - explained polymer classes, for example siloxane units (from the class of polysiloxanes) and the Alkylene oxide units (from the class of polyalkylenes or polyethers), be selected and / or differ from each other by different functionalizations. Thus, advantageously, polymer blocks with various, inter alia, mechanical and / or solvating and / or electrical properties can be realized so as to set advantageous solvation properties combined with high ionic conductivities.

insbesondere wobei R für eine Alkylgruppe, zum Beispiel eine Methyl-, Ethyl- oder Propyl-Gruppe steht und wobei n für die Wiederholungszahl der Ethylenoxid-Einheit, beispielsweise 1 ≤ n ≤ 10, steht.An example of this is the siloxane-ethylene oxide co-polymer of the general chemical formula:

in particular wherein R stands for an alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl or propyl group, and wherein n stands for the repetition number of the ethylene oxide unit, for example 1 ≦ n ≦ 10.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] However, [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit of the at least one second repeating unit may in particular from the same Polymer class, for example, the phenylene units (polyphenylenes) or the alkylene units (polyolefins), be selected and differ from each other by different functionalizations or lack of functionalizations, for example, different groups Q and / or different spacers.

insbesondere wobei n für die Wiederholungszahl der Phenylen-Einheit der unsubstituierten Wiederholungseinheit, beispielsweise für 0 ≤ n ≤ 3, steht,
und/oder
das Phenylen-Phenylen-Co-Polymer der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

insbesondere wobei n und n* für die Wiederholungszahlen der unsubstituierten Phenylen-Einheiten stehen und beispielsweise dabei 0 ≤ n ≤ 3 und 0 ≤ n* ≤ 3 ist, und/oder das Alkylen-Alkylen-Co-Polymer der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

Examples of this are the phenylene-phenylene co-polymer of the general chemical formula:

in particular where n is the repetition number of the phenylene unit of the unsubstituted repeat unit, for example 0≤n≤3,
and or
the phenylene-phenylene co-polymer of the general chemical formula:

in particular where n and n * represent the repeating numbers of the unsubstituted phenylene units and, for example, 0 ≦ n ≦ 3 and 0 ≦ n * ≦ 3, and / or the alkylene-alkylene copolymer of the general chemical formula:

For example, the at least one second repeating unit may comprise a polymeric backbone structural unit, for example selected from the group of the siloxane unit (s) and / or phosphazene unit (s) and / or methyl methacrylate unit (s) and / or methacrylate unit (s) and / or or phenylene moiety (s), for example, having a side group containing a carbonate group and / or an alkylene oxide group, for example, oligo-alkylene oxide. In this case, the side group containing the carbonate group and / or alkylene oxide group can be attached, for example, to an atom of the polymer backbone structural unit. However, the side group containing the carbonate group and / or alkylene oxide group, in particular the carbonate group, may also be bonded cyclically to two atoms of the polymer backbone structural unit. The formed polymer backing may itself comprise carbonate groups or alkylene oxide groups, for example a polycarbonate or a polyalkylene oxide, or be free of carbonate groups or alkylene oxide groups.

Beispielsweise kann die mindestens eine zweite Wiederholungseinheit eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen beziehungsweise sein. In the context of a specific embodiment, however, the at least one second repeat unit comprises a repeat unit of the general chemical formula which is different from the at least one first repeat unit.

By way of example, the at least one second repeating unit can comprise or be one of the special repeating units explained above.

For example, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [ A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [ A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one second repeating unit of different classes of polymers, for example, the siloxane units (polysiloxanes) and the alkylene oxide units (polyalkylenes, polyethers) be selected, and / or differ from each other by different functionalizations.

The polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, for example - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one first repeating unit and the polymer back forming unit - [A] -, for example, for example - [ A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] -, - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] -, the at least one second repeating unit may, however, in particular from the same class of polymers, for example the siloxane unit (s) (polysiloxanes) and / or phosphazene unit (s) (polyphosphazenes) and / or methyl methacrylate unit (s) (methyl methacrylate) and / or methacrylate unit (s) (methacrylates) and / or the phenylene unit (s) (polyphenylenes) or alkylene units (polyolefins) be selected and differ from each other by different functionalizations or missing functionalizations, for example different groups Q and / or different spacers.

wobei die Wiederholungseinheit

voneinander unterschiedliche Wiederholungseinheiten der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

sind. Beispielsweise können dabei die Wiederholungseinheiten vorstehend erläuterte spezielle Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen beziehungsweise sein.Within the scope of a further embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or comprises the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, at least one co-polymer (P), for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, of the general chemical formula:

where the repeat unit

mutually different repeating units of the general chemical formula:

are. For example, the repeating units may comprise or be special repeating units as explained above.

voneinander unterschiedliche Wiederholungseinheiten der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

stehen für mindestens eine Wiederholungseinheit der vorstehenden allgemeinen chemischen Formeln. Die Kombination von den vorstehenden Wiederholungseinheiten, kann – verglichen mit den entsprechenden Homopolymeren – zu einer Erhöhung der Ionenleitfähigkeit, insbesondere Lithiumionenleitfähigkeit, gegebenenfalls in Mischung mit Lithiumsalz, führen. Das Molekulargewicht beziehungsweise die mittlere Anzahl an Wiederholungseinheiten der Polymere kann dabei eng mit der Glastemperatur des reinen Polymers zusammenhängen, welche die resultierenden Lithiumionenleitfähigkeit der Polymer/Salzmischung maßgeblich bestimmen kann.Within the scope of an embodiment of this embodiment, the repeat units comprise

mutually different repeating units of the general chemical formula:

represent at least one repeat unit of the above general chemical formulas. The combination of the above repeating units can - compared to the corresponding homopolymers - lead to an increase in the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, optionally mixed with lithium salt. The molecular weight or the average number of repeating units of the polymers can be closely related to the glass transition temperature of the pure polymer, which can decisively determine the resulting lithium ion conductivity of the polymer / salt mixture.

(mindestens) eine Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

beziehungsweise steht dafür. Auch die Kombination von den vorstehenden Wiederholungseinheiten mit Wiederholungseinheiten die eine Oligo-Ethylenoxid-Funktion, zum Beispiel eine (Oligo-)Ethylenoxidgruppe mit 1 ≤ n_IV beziehungsweise n_IX ≤ 15, beispielsweise 2 ≤ n_IV beziehungsweise n_IX ≤ 6, Wiederholungseinheiten, tragen, kann – verglichen mit den entsprechenden Homopolymeren – zu einer Erhöhung der Ionenleitfähigkeit, insbesondere Lithiumionenleitfähigkeit, gegebenenfalls in Mischung mit Lithiumsalz, führen.Within the scope of a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one first repeat unit, for example the repeat unit, comprises:

(At least) a repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

respectively stands for it. Also the combination of the above repeat units with repeating units bearing an oligo-ethylene oxide function, for example an (oligo) ethylene oxide group with 1 ≤ n _IV and n _IX ≤ 15, for example 2 ≤ n _IV and n _IX ≤ 6, repeating units, respectively , can - compared to the corresponding homopolymers - lead to an increase in the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium ion conductivity, optionally in admixture with lithium salt.

kann daher beispielsweise eine oder mehrere Wiederholungseinheiten die eine Oligo-Ethylenoxid-Funktion, zum Beispiel eine (Oligo-)Ethylenoxidgruppe mit 1 ≤ n ≤ 15, beispielsweise 2 ≤ n ≤ 6, Wiederholungseinheiten, tragen, umfassen beziehungsweise sein. The at least one second repeating unit, for example the repeating unit:

Therefore, for example, one or more repeating units carrying an oligo-ethylene oxide function, for example, an (oligo-) ethylene oxide group with 1 ≤ n ≤ 15, for example, 2 ≤ n ≤ 6, repeating units, include or be.

(mindestens) eine Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

beziehungsweise steht dafür.In the context of a further, additional or alternative, special embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one second repeating unit, for example the repeating unit, comprises:

(At least) a repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

respectively stands for it.

In order to keep the solution of polysulfides as low as possible, for example, the proportion of ethylene oxide units can be kept low, for example as low as possible. However, the polysulfide solubility can be suppressed by fluorinating the ethylene oxide units or else polyethers, in particular polyethylene oxide and / or polypropylene oxide. In particular, therefore, the at least one second repeating unit can comprise perfluorinated alkylene oxide units, in particular perfluorinated ethylene oxide units, or be a perfluoropolyether. For example, the group R130-132 or R180-R182 may be perfluorinated and / or stand for a fluorine atom.

As already explained, for these reasons, the spacer X, (X _I ), (X _II ), (X _III ), (X _IV ), (X _V ), (X _VI ), (X _VII ), (X _VIII ), (X _IX ), (X _a ), (X _b ), (X _c ), (X _d ), (X _e ), (X _f ), (X _Z ) or (X _Z1 ) and / or the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] -, - [A _I ] -, - [A _II ] -, - [A _III ] -, - [A _IV ] -, - [A _V ] -, - [A _VI ] -, - [A _VII ] -, - [A _VIII ] -, - [A _IX ] -, - [A _a ] -, - [A _b ] -, - [A _c ] -, - [A _d ] - , - [A _e ] -, - [A _f ] -, - [A _Z ] - or - [A _Z1 ] - - and / or the group Q or Q ⁺ or Q ^- - or the groups perfluorinated with R10-R213 Alkylene oxide groups, in particular perfluorinated ethylene oxide groups and / or perfluorinated propylene oxide groups, for example perfluorinated oligo- Alkylene oxide groups, for example, perfluorinated oligo-ethylene oxide groups and / or perfluorinated oligo-propylene oxide groups, and / or have perfluorinated.

Within the scope of a specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises (at least) one co-polymer (P), for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co Polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, of the general chemical formula:

For example, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, on a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block copolymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, based on this general chemical formula or be such. For example, the co-polymer may be a block co-polymer or an alternating co-polymer or a random co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer or an alternating co-polymer. In particular, the co-polymer of this general chemical formula may be a block co-polymer. Such a co-polymer, for example block co-polymers, for example comb co-polymer, can advantageously achieve a comparatively high lithium ion conductivity.

basieren, zum Beispiel sein.For example, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, may be a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer. Polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, of the general chemical formula:

be based, for example.

Within the scope of a specific embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, comprises (at least) one co-polymer (P), for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co Polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, of the general chemical formula:

For example, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, on a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block copolymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer, based on this general chemical formula or be such. For example, the co-polymer may be a block co-polymer or an alternating co-polymer or a random co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer or an alternating co-polymer. In particular, the co-polymer of this general chemical formula may be a block co-polymer. Such a co-polymer, for example block co-polymers, for example comb co-polymer, can advantageously achieve a comparatively high lithium ion conductivity.

darauf basieren, zum Beispiel sein.For example, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the at least one polymer, in particular the cathode material, may be a co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer. Polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, of the general chemical formula:

be based on it, for example.

basieren, wobei n für die Wiederholungszahl der unsubstituierten Tetrafluorethylen-Einheiten und n* für die Wiederholungszahl der Wiederholungseinheitenkombination steht.Within the scope of a further embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the cathode material (furthermore) comprises at least one (singly or multiply) fluorinated polymer, for example perfluorinated, and / or lithium sulfonate-substituted polymer. For example, the at least one fluorinated and / or lithium sulfonate-substituted polymer can be a perfluoropolyether and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, in particular fluorinated, for example perfluorinated, polyolefin, for example tetrafluoroethylene polymer, and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, in particular fluorinated, for example perfluorinated, polyether, for example, a lithium ion-containing, for example, lithium ion-exchanged, Nafion, and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, in particular fluorinated, for example, perfluorinated, polyphenylene, be. Thus, the lithium conductivity can optionally be further increased. Lithium sulfonate-substituted and / or fluorinated polymers, such as lithium Nafion and / or lithium sulfonate-substituted polyphenylenes and / or fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyethers (perfluoropolyethers) can advantageously be used in lithium-sulfur cells, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite For example, SPAN can be used as the cathode active material, especially since such reduced polysulfide solubility can be achieved. Fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyethers (perfluoropolyethers) can be used in lithium-sulfur cells, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example SPAN, as cathode active material, particularly advantageously in combination with at least one lithium conducting salt. Lithium Nafion may for example have a repeating unit combination of an unsubstituted tetrafluoroethylene unit and a lithium sulfonate-substituted tetrafluoroethylene unit, for example with an oligo-alkylene oxide spacer, and, for example, on the general chemical formula:

where n is the repetition number of the unsubstituted tetrafluoroethylene units and n * is the repetition number of the repeating unit combination.

basiert, insbesondere wobei n für die Wiederholungszahl der unsubstituierten Phenylen-Einheiten, beispielsweise 0 ≤ n ≤ 3, steht.Another example of a lithium sulfonate substituted, for example, fluorinated, for example perfluorinated, polymer is a lithium sulfonate-substituted polyphenylene having a lithium sulfonate-substituted phenylene unit and optionally an unsubstituted phenylene unit, for example, which is represented by the general chemical formula:

in particular where n is the repetition number of the unsubstituted phenylene units, for example 0 ≦ n ≦ 3.

umfasst. A, X, x und Q können dabei wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. Beispielsweise kann dabei die Polymermischung Co-Polymer mindestens eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen. Insbesondere kann die mindestens eine erste Wiederholungseinheit eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen beziehungsweise sein.In a further embodiment, the polymer or the polymer electrolyte or the cathode material comprises a polymer mixture, in particular a polymer blend, of at least one first polymer and at least one second polymer. In this case, the at least one first polymer may (at least) be a polymer according to the invention, for example homopolymer and / or co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co Polymer and / or a random co-polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, comprise, in particular which at least one repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

includes. A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. For example, the polymer mixture co-polymer may comprise at least one of the specific repeating units explained above. In particular, the at least one first repeat unit can comprise or be one of the special repeat units explained above.

The at least one second polymer may be, for example, (at least) any desired polymer. For example, the at least one second polymer may be a polyalkylene oxide (polyether), in particular a perfluoropolyether, and / or a polycarbonate and / or a polysiloxane and / or a polyphosphazene and / or a polymethyl methacrylate and / or a polymethacrylate and / or a polyphenylene and / or a polyphenylene oxide and / or a polybenzylene and / or a polyolefin and / or a polystyrrole include or be. For example, the at least one second polymer may be a polyalkylene oxide and / or a polysiloxane and / or a polyphosphazene and / or a polymethyl methacrylate and / or a polymethacrylate and / or a polyolefin and / or a polyphenylene, in particular a polyalkylene oxide and / or polyolefin and / or or a polyphenylene, include or.

For example, the at least one second polymer may have no group Q and, for example, one, in particular simple, polyalkylene oxide (polyether), in particular a perfluoropolyether, and / or polycarbonate and / or polysiloxane and / or polyphosphazene and / or polymethyl methacrylate and / or polymethacrylate and / or or polyphenylene and / or polyphenylene oxide and / or polybenzylene unit and / or polyolefin, for example a polyalkylene oxide (polyether) and / or polyphenylene, for example a para-polyphenylene, and / or polystyrroles or another polymer.

Perfluoropolyethers, optionally in combination with at least one lithium conducting salt, can be advantageously used as the polymer electrolyte, in particular in lithium-sulfur cells, in particular with SPAN as the cathode material. (Poly) -phenylene units and / or (poly) styrene units, which can lead to higher glass transition temperatures, may be advantageous with regard to mechanical properties, in particular as a lithium-ion-conductive matrix for SPAN.

und/oder mindestens ein, fluoriertes und/oder Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes Polymer, insbesondere einen Perfluoropolyether und/oder ein Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes, insbesondere fluoriertes, Polyolefin und/oder einen Lithiumsulfonat substituierten, insbesondere fluorierten, Polyether und/oder ein Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes, insbesondere fluoriertes, Polyphenylen, beispielsweise ein Lithiumionen haltiges, zum Beispiel Lithiumionen ausgetauschtes, Nafion. A, X, x und Q können dabei wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. So kann die Lithiumleitfähigkeit gegebenenfalls weiter gesteigert werden.In a specific embodiment, however, the at least one second polymer comprises or is (at least) a polymer according to the invention, in particular homopolymer and / or copolymer, having at least one different repeat unit, in particular the general one, of the at least one repeat unit of the at least one first polymer chemical formula:

and / or at least one, fluorinated and / or lithium sulfonate substituted polymer, in particular a perfluoropolyether and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, in particular fluorinated, polyolefin and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, in particular fluorinated, polyether and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, especially fluorinated, polyphenylene For example, a lithium ion-containing, for example, lithium ion-exchanged, Nafion. A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. Thus, the lithium conductivity can optionally be further increased.

wobei -[A]- für eine Polymerrücken bildende Einheit steht,
wobei X für einen Spacer steht, wobei x für die Anzahl des Spacers X steht und 1 oder 0 ist, und wobei Q für eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺ steht oder wobei Q für eine positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺ und ein Gegenion Z^– steht. Dies hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, da hierdurch die Ionendissoziation erhöht und die Polysulfidlöslichkeit verringert werden kann.Within the scope of a further embodiment, the at least one polymer or the at least one polymer electrolyte, in particular the cathode material, or the cathode material comprises at least one polymer, in particular polymer electrolyte, having at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

wherein - [A] - represents a polymer back forming unit
wherein X is a spacer, wherein x is the number of the spacer X and 1 or 0, and wherein Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ or wherein Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a Counterion Z ^- stands. This has been found to be particularly advantageous since this can increase ion dissociation and reduce polysulfide solubility.

• – mindestens ein Polymer, insbesondere Polymerelektrolyten, (mindestens) ein Co-Polymer, beispielsweise ein Block-Co-Polymer, zum Beispiel ein Multi-Block-Co-Polymer, und/oder ein alternierendes Co-Polymer und/oder ein statistisches Co-Polymer, insbesondere ein Block-Co-Polymer, beispielsweise ein Kamm-Co-Polymer, welches mindestens eine erste Wiederholungseinheit und mindestens eine zweite, von der mindestens einen ersten Wiederholungseinheit unterschiedliche Wiederholungseinheit aufweist, wobei die mindestens eine erste Wiederholungseinheit die allgemeine chemische Formel:
  
  aufweist, und/oder
• – eine Polymermischung, insbesondere ein Polymerblend, aus mindestens einem ersten Polymer und mindestens einem zweiten Polymer, wobei das mindestens eine erste Polymer mindestens eine Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:
  
  aufweist.

In the context of one embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one polymer or the at least one polymer electrolyte, in particular of the cathode material, or comprises the cathode material:

• At least one polymer, in particular polymer electrolyte, (at least) one co-polymer, for example a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer, and / or an alternating co-polymer and / or a random co-polymer A polymer, in particular a block co-polymer, for example a comb co-polymer, which has at least one first repeat unit and at least one second repeat unit different from the at least one first repeat unit, wherein the at least one first repeat unit has the general chemical formula:
  
  has, and / or
• A polymer blend, in particular a polymer blend, of at least one first polymer and at least one second polymer, wherein the at least one first polymer comprises at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:
  
  having.

A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. For example, the (co) polymer or the polymer mixture may comprise at least one of the specific repeat units explained above.

Particularly advantageous repeating units with a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- and / or with a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ in combination with uncharged, ion-conductive or conductive, groups, for example alkylene oxide and / or cyclic and or acyclic carbonate groups and / or cyclic and / or acyclic carboxylic acid ester groups, for example lactone groups and / or cyclic and / or acyclic carbamate groups, in particular alkylene oxide groups, such as oligo-alkylene oxide groups and / or polyethers, as evidenced by the positively or negatively charged group Q ⁺ or Q ^- increases the ion dissociation and can be increased by the uncharged group Q, the ion mobility, which can lead to a significant overall increase in ionic conductivity, such as lithium ion conductivity.

Therefore, the at least one second repeating unit and / or the at least one second polymer may in particular be an alkylene oxide and / or a cyclic carbonate group and / or a lactone group and / or a cyclic carbamate group and / or an acyclic carbonate group and / or an acyclic carboxylic ester group and / or have an acyclic carbamate group.

• – die mindestens eine zweite Wiederholungseinheit eine Alkylenoxid-Einheit und/oder eine Wiederholungseinheit, die eine Alkylenoxid-Funktion (Alkylenoxid-Gruppe) trägt, und/oder
• – das mindestens eine zweite Polymer ein Polyalkylenoxid (Polyether) und/oder weist eine Wiederholungseinheit auf, die eine Alkylenoxid-Funktion (Alkylenoxid-Gruppe) trägt.

Within the scope of an embodiment of this embodiment

• - The at least one second repeating unit, an alkylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries an alkylene oxide function (alkylene oxide group), and / or
• The at least one second polymer is a polyalkylene oxide (polyether) and / or has a repeating unit which carries an alkylene oxide function (alkylene oxide group).

A combination of a positively or negatively charged group Q ^+, Q ^- and an alkylene oxide, for example an alkylene oxide unit and / or an alkylene oxide function and / or a polyalkylene oxide has been found to be particularly advantageous because positively or negatively charged by the Group Q ⁺ or Q ^- increases the ion dissociation and can be increased by the alkylene oxide, the ion mobility, which can lead to a significant overall increase in ionic conductivity, such as lithium ion conductivity.

In particular, the co-polymer may be a block co-polymer, for example a multi-block co-polymer. In this case, in particular, the length of the blocks may be selected so that the conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, is dissociated and at the same time there is sufficient mobility of the ions, in particular lithium ions, in the alkylene oxide, for example polyether.

The at least one second repeating unit may in particular be an alkylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries an alkylene oxide function, for example an oligo-alkylene oxide function, for example with 1 or 2 to 15, for example 2 to 6 repeating units. For example, the at least one second repeating unit may be an ethylene oxide unit and / or a propylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit having an ethylene oxide function and / or a propylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function and / or a Oligo-propylene oxide function, for example, with 1 or 2 to 15, for example, 2 to 6 repeat units carries. In particular, the at least one second repeating unit may be an ethylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit having an ethylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function, for example an (oligo-) ethylene oxide group having 1 or 2 to 15, for example 2 to 6 repeating units, carries.

The at least one second polymer may in particular be a polyalkylene oxide (polyether) and / or have a repeating unit which carries an alkylene oxide function, for example an oligo-alkylene oxide function, for example with 1 or 2 to 15, for example 2 to 6 repeating units , For example, the at least one second polymer can be a polyethylene oxide (PEO) and / or polypropylene oxide and / or have a repeating unit which has an ethylene oxide function and / or a propylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function and / or an oligo Propylene oxide function, for example, with 1 or 2 to 15, for example, 2 to 6 repeat units carries. In particular, the at least one second polymer can be a polyethylene oxide (PEO) and / or have a repeating unit which has an ethylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function, for example an (oligo-) ethylene oxide group with 1 or 2 to 15, for example 2 to 6 repeat units, carries.

Optionally, the at least one second repeating unit and / or the at least one second polymer may be fluorinated and / or substituted with lithium sulfonate. For example, the at least one second repeating unit and / or the at least one second polymer is a perfluoropolyether and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, in particular fluorinated, polyolefin and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, in particular fluorinated, polyether and / or a lithium sulfonate-substituted, optionally fluorinated, polyphenylene include or be.

• – die mindestens eine zweite Wiederholungseinheit eine teilweise oder vollständig fluorierte, insbesondere perfluorierte, Alkylenoxid-Einheit und/oder eine Wiederholungseinheit, die eine teilweise oder vollständig fluorierte, insbesondere perfluorierte, Alkylenoxid-Funktion, beispielsweise Oligo-Alkylenoxid-Funktion, trägt, und/oder
• – das mindestens eine zweite Polymer ein teilweise oder vollständig fluoriertes, insbesondere perfluoriertes, Polyalkylenoxid (Perfluorpolyether) und/oder weist eine Wiederholungseinheit auf, die eine teilweise oder vollständig fluorierte, insbesondere perfluorierte, Alkylenoxid-Funktion, beispielsweise Oligo-Alkylenoxid-Funktion, trägt.

Within the scope of a specific embodiment of this embodiment

• The at least one second repeating unit bears a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide function, for example oligo-alkylene oxide function, and / or
• The at least one second polymer is a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyalkylene oxide (perfluoropolyether) and / or has a repeating unit which carries a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide function, for example oligo-alkylene oxide function.

By a fluorination can advantageously be reduced polysulfide solubility.

The at least one second repeating unit may in particular be a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which has a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide function, for example an oligo-alkylene oxide function Example with 1 or 2 to 15, for example 2 to 6 repeat units, to be. For example, the at least one second repeating unit can be a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide unit and / or propylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which has a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide function and / or propylene oxide unit. Function carries. In particular, the at least one second repeating unit may be a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function ,

The at least one second polymer may in particular a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyalkylene oxide (polyether) and / or having a repeating unit which has a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, alkylene oxide function, for example an oligo-alkylene oxide function, for example with 11 or 2 to 15 , for example 2 to 6 repeat units. For example, the at least one second polymer can be a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and / or have a repeating unit which carries a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide function and / or propylene oxide function. In particular, the at least one second polymer can be a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, polyethylene oxide and / or have a repeating unit which carries a partially or completely fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated, ethylene oxide function, for example an oligo-ethylene oxide function.

insbesondere wobei die mindestens eine erste Wiederholungseinheit, beispielsweise die Wiederholungseinheit:

und/oder das mindestens eine erste Polymer mindestens eine Wiederholungseinheit der vorstehenden allgemeinen chemischen Formel aufweist. Die mindestens eine zweite Wiederholungseinheit, beispielsweise die Wiederholungseinheit:

kann dabei beispielsweise (mindestens) eine Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

umfassen beziehungsweise dafür stehen. Insbesondere kann die mindestens eine zweite Wiederholungseinheit, beispielsweise die Wiederholungseinheit:

dabei beispielsweise (mindestens) eine Wiederholungseinheit der allgemeinen chemischen Formel:

beziehungsweise dafür stehen. Zum Beispiel kann das Co-Polymer Poly[(4-styrolsulfonyl)(trifluoromethansulfonyl)imid] sein,Within the scope of a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one polymer or the at least one polymer electrolyte, in particular of the cathode material, or the cathode material comprises at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

in particular wherein the at least one first repeat unit, for example the repeat unit:

and / or the at least one first polymer has at least one repeat unit of the above general chemical formula. The at least one second repeating unit, for example the repeating unit:

may be, for example, (at least) a repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

include or stand for. In particular, the at least one second repeating unit, for example the repeating unit:

in this case, for example, (at least) one repeating unit of the general chemical formula:

or stand for it. For example, the co-polymer may be poly [(4-styrenesulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide],

Optionally, the co-polymer (P) may further comprise at least one third repeat unit and / or the polymer blend further comprises at least a third, in particular of the first polymer and the second polymer different, polymer.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the polymer electrolyte or the cathode material furthermore comprises at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt. Thus, if appropriate, the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium-ion conductivity, can be further increased. Depending on the block co-polymer, despite a high transfer number, a small addition of a conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, may be advantageous in order to reduce the glass transition point of the block co-polymer and thus to increase the overall mobility of the lithium ions in the system However, at the expense of a reduction in the transfer number can go. Ideally, in this case, a conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, can be used, whose anion interacts well with the group Q. For example, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) can be used with a sulfonylimide group. The conductive salt may, for example, be a lithium secondary salt or a sodium secondary salt, in particular a lithium secondary salt. As lithium salts common lithium-conductive salts can be used. For example, the at least one lithium conducting salt lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) and / or lithium bis (trifluoromethane-sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and / or lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB) and / or trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTriflate) and / or lithium perchlorate (LiClO ₄ ) and / or Lithiumdifluorooxalatoborat (LiDFOB) and / or lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF ₄ ) and / or lithium bromide (LiBr) and / or lithium iodide (LiI) and / or lithium chloride (LiCl) include or be. The anion Z ^- and the anion of the at least one lithium conducting salt can be different or identical.

Within the scope of one embodiment of this embodiment, the anion of the at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, and Z ^- or Q ^{- are selected} from the same anion class, for example the sulfonylimides, for example trifluoromethanesulfonylimide and / or pentafluoroethanesulfonylimide and / or fluorosulfonylimide, in particular tetrifluoromethanesulfonylimide , Thus, undesirable side reactions can advantageously be avoided and in particular also achieved that the anion of the at least one conducting salt and Z ^- or Q ^- alkali metal ions, in particular lithium ions, similarly, for example the same, strongly coordinate, which can have an advantageous effect on the ion mobility.

In the context of a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, the counterion Z ^- or Z ^{+ of} the polymer or polymer electrolyte, in particular the positively charged group Q ⁺ or the negatively charged group Q ^- , on. For example, the anion Z ^{- may be} equal to the anion of the at least one conductive salt, in particular lithium conductive salt.

The lithium salt concentration may depend in particular on the number of oxygen atoms in the polymer or polymer electrolyte. In particular, the stoichiometric ratio of lithium ions of the at least one lithium conducting salt to oxygen atoms of the polymer or polymer electrolyte or of the polymer, in particular of the at least one cathode material, in a range of 1: 2 to 1: 100, in particular from 1: 5 or 1:10 to 1:25, for example from 1:10 to 1:15. This may advantageously be an optimum range with regard to the effective mobile charge carriers and the mobility as a function of the glass transition temperature. The stoichiometric ratio of lithium ions of the at least one lithium conducting salt to repeating units of the polymer or of the polymer electrolyte or of the polymer, in particular of the at least one cathode material, may for example be in a range from 2: 1 to 1: 100.

und/oder mit Polyethylenglycol und/oder Polyethylenoxid, beschichtet. So können Polysulfide vorteilhafterweise besonders effektiv an einem Wegdiffundieren gehindert werden. A, X, x und Q können dabei wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. Die Beschichtung kann dabei beispielsweise ein vorstehend beschriebenes Polymer beziehungsweise Polymerelektrolyten umfassen beziehungsweise daraus ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise kann dabei das Polymer der Beschichtung mindestens eine der vorstehend erläuterten speziellen Wiederholungseinheiten umfassen.In a further embodiment, particles of the cathode active material, in particular of the sulfur-carbon composite, for example SPAN particles, with an ion-conducting or ion-conducting, in particular lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conducting, polymer or polymer electrolyte, for example the general chemical formula:

and / or with polyethylene glycol and / or polyethylene oxide. Thus, polysulfides can advantageously be prevented from diffusing away particularly effectively. A, X, x and Q can be configured as explained above. The coating can, for example, a previously described Polymer or polymer electrolytes include or be formed therefrom. For example, the polymer of the coating may comprise at least one of the specific repeating units explained above.

Furthermore, it is possible to increase the conductivity by the addition of ionic liquids (English: Ionic Liquids).

In the context of a further embodiment, therefore, the polymer electrolyte or the cathode material furthermore comprises at least one ionic liquid. Thus, advantageously, the mobility in the system can be increased or the glass transition temperature can be reduced and thus the ionic conductivity, in particular lithium-ion conductivity, can be increased. In particular, the ionic liquid may contain at least one cation selected from the group consisting of pyridinium cations and / or, in particular, quaternary, ammonium cations and / or imidazolium cations and / or piperidinium cations and / or pyrrolidinium cations and / or in particular quaternary, phosphonium cations and / or guanidinium cations and / or morpholinium cations and / or uronium cations and / or thiouronium cations, and / or at least one anion selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) and / or tetrafluoroborate and / or bisoxalatoborate and / or hexafluorophosphate and / or bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide and / or bis (fluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and / or difluorooxalatoborate and / or perchlorate and / or bromide and / or iodide and / or chloride. The anion Z ^- and the anion of the at least one lithium conducting salt and / or the ionic liquid can be different or the same. However, preferably, the anion Z can be ^- the same as the anion of the at least one lithium electrolyte salt and / or the ionic liquid be. Thus, advantageously unwanted side reactions or crystallization of lithium salt can be avoided.

In addition, it is possible to increase the conductivity by the admixture of non-aqueous solvents and / or components which are used in liquid electrolytes, for example carbonate and / or ether-based substances or solvents.

Optionally, the polymer electrolyte or the cathode material may further comprise at least one carbonate-based and / or ether-based additive, for example at least one carbonate-based and / or ether-based solvent.

wobei -[A]- für eine Polymerrücken bildende Einheit steht,
wobei X für einen Spacer steht, wobei x für die Anzahl des Spacers X steht und 1 oder 0 ist, und
wobei Q für eine positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺ und ein Gegenion Z^– steht, insbesondere wobei Q⁺ für eine Gruppe auf der Basis eines Kations einer ionischen Flüssigkeit steht, beispielsweise wobei Q⁺ für wobei Pyridiniumgruppe oder eine Ammoniumgruppe oder eine Imidazoliumgruppe oder eine Piperidiniumgruppe oder eine Pyrrolidiniumgruppe oder eine Phosphoniumgruppe oder eine Guanidiniumgruppe oder eine Morpholiniumgruppe oder eine Uroniumgruppe oder eine Thiouroniumgruppe und/oder wobei Z^– für ein Anion, insbesondere ein Lithium-Leitsalzanion, steht, oder
wobei Q für eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺ steht, insbesondere wobei Q^– für eine Gruppe auf der Basis eines Lithium-Leitsalzanions und/oder eines Anions einer ionischen Flüssigkeit oder eine Sulfonatgruppe steht, beispielsweise wobei Q^– für eine Sulfonylimidgruppe und/oder eine Sulfonatgruppe, und/oder Z⁺ für ein Alkaliion, beispielsweise ein Lithiumion und/oder Natriumion, insbesondere ein Lithiumion, steht, oder
wobei Q für eine cyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine Lactongruppe oder eine cyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonsäureestergruppe oder eine acyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine Alkylenoxidgruppe steht, insbesondere wobei Q für eine cyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine Lactongruppe oder eine cyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonsäureestergruppe oder eine acyclische Carbamatgruppe steht, und
wobei die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- zumindest eine polyfunktionalisierte Siloxan-Einheit und/oder eine polyfunktionalisierte Phosphazen-Einheit und/oder eine polyfunktionalisierte Phenylen-Einheit, beispielsweise eine polyfunktionalisierte Siloxan-Einheit, umfasst.Within the scope of a specific embodiment, the polymer electrolyte comprises at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

wherein - [A] - represents a polymer back forming unit
where X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0, and
wherein Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , in particular wherein Q ^{+ is} an ionic liquid cation group, for example where Q ^{+ is} pyridinium group or an ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a piperidinium group or a pyrrolidinium group or a phosphonium group or a guanidinium group or a morpholinium group or a uronium group or a thiouronium group and / or wherein Z ^{- is} an anion, in particular a lithium Leitsalzanion, or
wherein Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , in particular wherein Q ^{- is} a group based on a lithium Leitsalzanions and / or an anion of an ionic liquid or a sulfonate group, for example where Q ^{- is} a sulfonylimide group and / or a sulfonate group, and / or Z ⁺ for an alkali ion, for example a lithium ion and / or sodium ion, in particular a lithium ion, or
wherein Q represents a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group or an alkylene oxide group, particularly wherein Q represents a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or a acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group, and
wherein the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - comprises at least one polyfunctionalized siloxane unit and / or a polyfunctionalized phosphazene unit and / or a polyfunctionalized phenylene unit, for example a polyfunctionalized siloxane unit.

stehen beziehungsweise diese umfassen, wobei xq jeweils für eine Anbindungsstelle steht, an welcher jeweils eine Gruppe Q, insbesondere Q⁺ beziehungsweise Q^– beziehungsweise Q, über einen Spacer X_x an die Polymerrücken bildende Einheit -[A]- angebunden ist, insbesondere wobei R’ für Wasserstoff oder eine Alkylgruppe steht.In particular, the polymer backbone-forming unit - [A] - may represent a polyfunctionalized polymer backbone-forming unit of the general chemical formula:

in each case a group Q, in particular Q ⁺ or Q ^- or Q, via a spacer X _x to the polymer back-forming unit - [A] - is attached, in particular where R 'represents hydrogen or an alkyl group.

Here, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X and / or the group Q, for example Q ⁺ and Q ^{- +} as explained and / or the cation Z above ^- or Q, and / or the anion Z be designed. By way of example, the at least one repeat unit can comprise or be at least one special repeat unit explained above.

aufweist,
wobei -[A]- für eine Polymerrücken bildende Einheit steht,
wobei X für einen Spacer steht, wobei x für die Anzahl des Spacers X steht und 1 oder 0 ist, und
wobei Q für eine positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺ und ein Gegenion Z^– steht, insbesondere wobei Q⁺ für eine Gruppe auf der Basis eines Kations einer ionischen Flüssigkeit steht, beispielsweise wobei Q⁺ für wobei Pyridiniumgruppe oder eine Ammoniumgruppe oder eine Imidazoliumgruppe oder eine Piperidiniumgruppe oder eine Pyrrolidiniumgruppe oder eine Phosphoniumgruppe oder eine Guanidiniumgruppe oder eine Morpholiniumgruppe oder eine Uroniumgruppe oder eine Thiouroniumgruppe und/oder wobei Z^– für ein Anion, insbesondere ein Lithium-Leitsalzanion, steht, insbesondere wobei der Spacer X mindestens eine weitere, positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺, insbesondere auf der Basis eines Kations einer ionischen Flüssigkeit, insbesondere mindestens eine Ammoniumiongruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyridiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Imidazoliumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Piperidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyrrolidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Phosphoniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Guanidiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Morpholiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Uroniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Thiouroniumgruppe, insbesondere mindestens eine Ammoniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyridiniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Imidazoliumgruppe, beispielsweise mindestens eine Ammoniumgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Pyridiniumgruppe, umfasst, oder
wobei Q für eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺, beispielsweise Alkaliion, insbesondere Lithiumion, steht, insbesondere wobei Q^– für eine Gruppe auf der Basis eines Lithium-Leitsalzanions und/oder eines Anions einer ionischen Flüssigkeit oder eine Sulfonatgruppe steht, beispielsweise
wobei Q^– für eine Sulfonylimidgruppe und/oder eine Sulfonatgruppe, und/oder Z⁺ für ein Alkaliion, beispielsweise ein Lithiumion und/oder Natriumion, insbesondere ein Lithiumion, steht, wobei der Spacer X mindestens eine weitere, negativ geladene Gruppe Q^–, insbesondere auf der Basis eines Lithium-Leitsalzanions und/oder eines Anions einer ionischen Flüssigkeit und/oder eine Sulfonatgruppe, insbesondere mindestens eine Sulfonylimidgruppe und/oder mindestens eine Sulfonatgruppe, umfasst. Within the scope of a further specific embodiment, the polymer electrolyte comprises at least one co-polymer (P), in particular block co-polymer, for example multi-block co-polymer, comprising at least one first repeat unit and at least one second, of the at least one first repeat unit different repeating unit, the at least one first repeating unit having the general chemical formula:

having,
wherein - [A] - represents a polymer back forming unit
where X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0, and
wherein Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , in particular wherein Q ^{+ is} an ionic liquid cation group, for example where Q ^{+ is} pyridinium group or an ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a piperidinium group or a pyrrolidinium group or a phosphonium group or a guanidinium group or a morpholinium group or a uronium group or a thiouronium group and / or wherein Z ^{- is} an anion, in particular a lithium-Leitsalzanion, in particular wherein the spacer X is at least one further, positively charged group Q ⁺ , in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, in particular at least one ammonium ion group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group and / or at least one piperidinium group and / or at least one pyrrolidinium group and / or at least one phosphonium group and / or min at least one guanidinium group and / or at least one morpholinium group and / or at least one uronium group and / or at least one thiouronium group, in particular at least one ammonium group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group, for example at least one ammonium group and / or at least one pyridinium group, includes, or
where Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , for example alkali ion, in particular lithium ion, in particular where Q ^{- represents} a group based on a lithium lead salt anion and / or an anion of an ionic liquid or a sulfonate group, for example
wherein Q is ^- for a Sulfonylimidgruppe and / or a sulfonate group, and / or Z ⁺ represents an alkali metal ion, for example a lithium ion and / or sodium ion, especially a lithium ion, is, wherein the spacer X is at least one further, negatively charged group Q ^-, in particular based on a lithium Leitsalzanions and / or an anion of an ionic liquid and / or a sulfonate group, in particular at least one sulfonylimide group and / or at least one sulfonate group.

aufweisen, wobei -[A]- für eine Polymerrücken bildende Einheit steht,
wobei X für einen Spacer steht, wobei x für die Anzahl des Spacers X steht und 1 oder 0 ist,
wobei Q jedoch für eine ungeladene Gruppe Q, beispielsweise für eine Alkylenoxidgruppe oder eine cyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine Lactongruppe oder eine cyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonsäureestergruppe oder eine acyclische Carbamatgruppe steht, insbesondere für eine Alkylenoxidgruppe, steht.The at least one second repeating unit may have the general chemical formula:

in which - [A] - represents a polymer backbone-forming unit,
where X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0,
however, Q represents an uncharged group Q, for example, an alkylene oxide group or a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group, especially an alkylene oxide group.

Here, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X and / or the group Q, for example Q ⁺ and Q ^{- +} as explained and / or the cation Z above ^- or Q, and / or the anion Z be designed. By way of example, the at least one first and / or second repeating unit may comprise or be at least one special repeating unit as explained above.

The cathode material may, for example, based on the total weight of the cathode material, ≥ 50 wt .-% to ≤ 80 wt .-%, in particular ≥ 60 wt .-% to ≤ 70 wt .-%, of cathode active material, and ≥ 20 wt. % to ≤ 30% by weight of solid electrolyte, in particular of the at least one sulfidic ion conductor and the at least one polymer. Optionally, the cathode material may further comprise, based on the total weight of the cathode material, ≥5 wt% to ≤10 wt% of additives and / or additives, for example, conductivity additives and / or additives. In particular, the solid electrolyte ≥ 50 wt .-% to ≤ 90 wt .-%, in particular ≥ 70 wt .-% to ≤ 90 wt .-%, of the at least one sulfide ion conductor and ≥ 10 wt .-% to ≤ 50 wt .-%, in particular ≥ 10 wt .-% to ≤ 30 wt .-%, to which at least one, in particular ion-conducting or ion-conducting, polymer.

For example, the cathode material may comprise at least one conductivity additive and / or additive, in particular for increasing the electrical conductivity in the cathode.

In a further embodiment, the cathode material comprises at least one, in particular electrical, conductive additive or conductive additive. For example, the cathode active material may comprise at least one carbon modification, for example, conducting carbon, such as carbon black, carbon fibers, graphite, et cetera.

Alternatively or additionally, the cathode material may comprise at least one conductive salt, in particular lithium conductive salt. Optionally, the cathode material may further comprise at least one ionic liquid.

The cathode material may be designed in particular for a cell according to the invention.

umfasst, und/oder mindestens ein (einfach oder mehrfach) fluoriertes, beispielsweise perfluoriertes, und/oder Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes Polymer, beispielsweise einen Perfluoropolyether und/oder ein Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes, insbesondere fluoriertes, beispielsweise perfluoriertes, Polyolefin, beispielsweise Tetrafluorethylen-Polymer, und/oder einen Lithiumsulfonat substituierten, insbesondere fluorierten, beispielsweise perfluorierten, Polyether, zum Beispiel ein Lithiumionen haltiges, zum Beispiel Lithiumionen ausgetauschtes, Nafion, und/oder ein Lithiumsulfonat substituiertes, insbesondere fluoriertes, beispielsweise perfluoriertes, Polyphenylen, umfassen beziehungsweise sein. Wie vorstehend erläutert kann dies insbesondere vorteilhaft bei Lithium-Schwefel-Zellen, zum Beispiel mit einem Schwefel-Kohlenstoff-Komposit, beispielsweise SPAN, als Kathodenaktivmaterial, sein. Darüber hinaus kann das Kathodenmaterial weitere Komponenten umfassen.Another object is a cathode material for an electrochemical cell, for example for an alkali metal cell, for example for a lithium cell and / or sodium cell, in particular for a lithium cell, for example for an alkali metal sulfur cell, for example for a lithium-sulfur cell and / or sodium-sulfur cell, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell, which comprises at least one cathode active material and / or at least one, in particular lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conductive polymer electrolyte and / or at least one inorganic ion conductor. The cathode material may in particular be designed as explained above. The at least one polymer electrolyte can advantageously serve as matrix (material) for the at least one cathode active material. The at least one inorganic ion conductor may in particular be formed as explained above. The cathode material may in particular be a cathode material for a lithium-sulfur cell. The at least one cathode active material may in particular be sulfur-containing. For example, the at least one cathode active material may comprise a sulfur-carbon composite, for example, in which sulfur is covalently bound, in particular to carbon. For example, the at least one cathode active material may comprise or be a polymer, in particular based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN), with, in particular, covalently bonded sulfur, or a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, in particular SPAN. The at least one polymer electrolyte may in particular be configured as described above. For example, the at least one polymer electrolyte may comprise at least one polymer or polymer electrolyte which contains at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

comprises, and / or at least one (singly or multiply) fluorinated, for example perfluorinated, and / or lithium sulfonate substituted polymer, for example a perfluoropolyether and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, especially fluorinated, for example perfluorinated, polyolefin, for example tetrafluoroethylene polymer, and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, in particular fluorinated, for example, perfluorinated, polyether, for example, a lithium ion-containing, for example, lithium ion-exchanged, Nafion, and / or a lithium sulfonate substituted, especially fluorinated, for example, perfluorinated, polyphenylene include or be. As explained above, this may be particularly advantageous in the case of lithium-sulfur cells, for example with a sulfur-carbon composite, for example SPAN, as the cathode active material. In addition, the cathode material may include other components.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the cathode materials of the invention and the polymer or polyelectrolyte according to the invention is hereby explicitly to the explanations in connection with the solid electrolyte according to the invention, the separator according to the invention, the protective layer according to the invention, the anode material according to the invention, the cell according to the invention and the battery according to the invention and on Figures and the description of the figures referenced.

beispielsweise ein erfindungsgemäßes Polymer beziehungsweise Polymerelektrolyten, umfassen.Further objects of the present invention are a solid electrolyte, in particular a cathode material electrolyte (catholyte) and / or an anode material electrolyte and / or a separator material and / or a separator and / or a protective layer, for example an anode protective layer and / or a cathode protective layer, for example for an alkali metal Sulfur cell, for example, for a lithium-sulfur cell and / or a sodium-sulfur cell, in particular for a lithium-sulfur cell, which or which at least one sulfidic ionic conductor, in particular a lithium argyrodite and / or a sulfidic Glass, and at least one ion-conducting or ion-conducting, in particular lithium-ion-conducting or lithium-ion-conducting, polymer comprises. In particular, the at least one polymer may comprise a polyalkylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one alkylene oxide group and / or at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

for example, a polymer or polymer electrolyte according to the invention.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the solid electrolyte according to the invention, the separator according to the invention, the protective layer of the invention and the anode material according to the invention is hereby explicitly to the explanations in connection with the cathode materials according to the invention, the polymer of the invention or polyelectrolyte, the cell of the invention and the battery of the invention and on Figures and the description of the figures referenced.

Another object of the present invention is an alkali metal-sulfur cell, such as a lithium-sulfur cell and / or sodium-sulfur cell, in particular a lithium-sulfur cell, comprising a cathode material according to the invention and / or a polymer or polymer electrolyte according to the invention and / or a solid electrolyte according to the invention and / or a separator according to the invention and / or a protective layer according to the invention. In particular, the cell comprises a cathode and an anode. In particular, the cathode comprises a cathode material according to the invention.

The anode may include, for example, lithium and / or sodium. In particular, the anode may comprise lithium. In particular, the anode may be a metallic anode and comprise, for example, metallic lithium or a lithium alloy. The cell can, in particular between the anode and the cathode, have a separator and / or a protective layer, for example an anode protective layer and / or a cathode protective layer.

In one embodiment of the cell, the cell, in particular between the anode and the cathode, comprises a separator and / or a protective layer, for example an anode protective layer and / or a cathode protective layer.

Within the scope of an embodiment of this embodiment, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example the anode protective layer and / or the anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer, comprises a block co-polymer. The block co-polymer may be, for example, a di-block co-polymer or tri-block co-polymer. In particular, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example anode protective layer, may be formed from the block copolymer, in particular from the di-block co-polymer or tri-block co-polymer. In this case, the block co-polymer may in particular have an ionically conductive phase and a mechanically stable phase, which are chemically bonded together and form a bicontinuous network by self-assembly. The cathode material according to the invention, for example based on a sulfur-polymer composite with, for example, covalently and / or ionically, in particular ionically, sulfur bound to the polymer of the composite, for example based on a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example SPAN, can with such block co-polymers be particularly advantageously used, as on the use of low molecular weight ether compounds or solvents, which could swell, for example, otherwise block co-polymers and convert it into a polymer gel, omitted and in this way swelling of the block co-polymer of the separator and / or the protective layer, for example, the anode protective layer prevented and its or their functioning can be ensured.

In a specific embodiment of this embodiment, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example the anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer, comprises at least one polystyrene-polyalkylene oxide block copolymer, in particular polystyrene-polyethylene oxide block copolymer, for example Poly (styrene-b-ethylene oxide), in particular having a molecular weight of the blocks of ≥ 5000 daltons, for example having a total molar mass of ≥ 150,000 daltons, in particular having a total molar mass of ≥ 350,000 daltons. In particular, the separator and / or the protective layer of the polystyrene-polyalkylene oxide block co-polymer, in particular polystyrene-polyethylene oxide block co-polymer, for example poly (styrene-b-ethylene oxide), in particular having a molecular weight of the blocks be formed of ≥ 5000 daltons, for example, with a total molar mass of ≥ 150,000 daltons, in particular with a total molar mass of ≥ 350,000 daltons. However, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example the anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer, may also comprise or be formed from a block co-polymer, for example tri-block co-polymer, which comprises at least one polystyrene component and at least one polyethylene oxide component and at least one further polymer component, for example a polyisoprene component. Polystyrene polyethylene oxide block co-polymer may advantageously have an ionic conductivity of> 10 ^-5 S / cm at operating temperatures of electrochemical cells, in particular lithium-sulfur cells.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, specific embodiment of this embodiment, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example the anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer, comprises at least one polyacrylate-polyalkylene oxide block copolymer, in particular polyacrylate-polyethylene oxide block Co-polymer, for example poly (acrylate-ethylene oxide), in particular having a molecular weight of the blocks of ≥ 5000 daltons, for example with a total molar mass of ≥ 150,000 daltons, in particular with a total molar mass of ≥ 350,000 daltons. In particular, the separator and / or the protective layer of the polyacrylate-polyalkylene oxide block co-polymer, in particular polyacrylate-polyethylene oxide block co-polymer, for example poly (acrylate-ethylene oxide), in particular having a molecular weight of the blocks of ≥ 5000 daltons, for example with a total molar mass of ≥ 150,000 daltons, in particular with a total molar mass of ≥ 350,000 daltons. However, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example the anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer, may also comprise or be formed from a block co-polymer, for example tri-block copolymer, which comprises at least one polyacrylate component and at least one polyethylene oxide component and at least one further polymer component, for example a polyisoprene component.

Polyacrylate-polyethylene oxide block co-polymer may advantageously also have a high ionic conductivity at operating temperatures of electrochemical cells, in particular lithium-sulfur cells.

wobei -[A]- für eine Polymerrücken bildende Einheit steht, wobei X für einen Spacer steht, wobei x für die Anzahl des Spacers X steht und 1 oder 0 ist, und
wobei Q für eine positiv geladene Gruppe Q⁺ und ein Gegenion Z^– steht, oder
wobei Q für eine negativ geladene Gruppe Q^– und ein Gegenion Z⁺ steht, oder
wobei Q für eine ungeladene Gruppe Q, insbesondere für eine cyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine Lactongruppe oder eine cyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonatgruppe oder eine acyclische Carbonsäureestergruppe oder eine acyclische Carbamatgruppe oder eine Alkylenoxidgruppe, steht.In the context of a further, alternative or additional, specific embodiment of this embodiment, the separator and / or the protective layer, for example anode protective layer and / or the cathode protective layer comprises at least one polymer, for example in the form of a block co-polymer, comprising at least one repeat unit of general chemical formula:

wherein - [A] - represents a polymer backbone forming unit, wherein X is a spacer, wherein x is the number of the spacer X and 1 or 0, and
where Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , or
where Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , or
wherein Q represents an uncharged group Q, in particular a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic carboxylic acid ester group or an acyclic carbamate group or an alkylene oxide group.

Here, the polymer backbone forming unit - [A] - and / or the spacer X and / or the group Q, for example Q ⁺ and Q ^{- +} as explained and / or the cation Z above ^- or Q, and / or the anion Z be designed. By way of example, the at least one repeat unit can comprise or be at least one special repeat unit explained above.

For example, the cathode may have a cathode current collector. The cathode current collector may be formed of aluminum or carbon, for example. Optionally, the cathode current collector may be provided with a coating for improving the adhesion and / or the electrical contacting and / or the chemical stability and / or the corrosion stability. The coating can be, for example, a polymer layer, in particular a carbon modification polymer layer, optionally with one or more additives, such as adhesion promoters, corrosion protection additives, etc. For example, the coating may comprise a solid electrolyte according to the invention and / or a protective layer according to the invention, in particular cathode protective layer and / or anode protective layer.

The cathode can be produced, for example, by mixing cathode components, for example in a dissolver, with at least one solvent to form a slurry and thus a substrate, for example a film, for example an aluminum foil, in particular one coated with a carbon modification Foil, such as aluminum foil, is coated. The coating can be done by doctoring. Thereafter, the coating can be dried and / or calendered. This can be done in particular such that the porosity is minimized. In particular, continuous paths of the sulfidic ion conductor can form, which extend as far as the cathode active material. The at least one ion-conducting or ion-conducting polymer can advantageously achieve complete contact between the sulfidic ion conductor and the cathode material.

Alternatively, the cathode can be prepared by dry coating, ie solvent-free coating.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the cell according to the invention is hereby explicitly to the explanations in connection with the cathode materials according to the invention, the polymer of the invention or polyelectrolyte, the solid electrolyte of the invention, the separator of the invention, the protective layer according to the invention, the anode material according to the invention, and the battery of the invention and the figures and the description of the figures referenced.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to an alkali metal-sulfur battery, for example a lithium-sulfur battery and / or sodium-sulfur battery, in particular a lithium-sulfur battery, which comprises one or more cells according to the invention.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the battery according to the invention, reference is hereby explicitly made to the explanations in connection with the cathode materials according to the invention, the solid electrolyte according to the invention, the separator according to the invention, the protective layer according to the invention, the anode material according to the invention, and the cell according to the invention and to the figures and the description of the figures ,

drawings

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the objects according to the invention are illustrated by the drawing and explained in the following description. It should be noted that the drawing has only descriptive character and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. It shows

1 a schematic cross section through an embodiment of a cell according to the invention.

1 shows a lithium-sulfur cell 1 which is a cathode 10 , an anode 20 and an area 30 between the cathode 10 and the anode 20 having.

1 illustrates that while doing the cathode 10 in particular a particulate cathode active material 11 and a cathode current collector 14 having. The particulate cathode active material 11 For example, it may be a sulfur-carbon composite, in particular a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, for example SPAN. The cathode current collector 14 can be made of aluminum, for example, and in particular serve both for electrical contacting and as a carrier. The particulate cathode active material 11 is in a solid electrolyte 12 (P) embedded, which at least one sulfidic ion conductor 12 and at least one polymer (P), in particular as a binder.

1 illustrates that the particulate cathode active material 11 a particulate, especially electrical, conductive additive 13 , For example, a carbon modification is mixed, which also by means of, as binders 12 serving polymer electrolyte P with the cathode active material 11 and the cathode current collector 14 , For example, elastic, is connected.

1 shows that the anode 20 an anode active material 21 For example, metallic lithium or a lithium alloy, and an anode current collector 22 , for example, made of copper.

1 illustrates that between 30 the cathode 10 and the anode 20 a layer 31 (P) is formed from a block co-polymer, which serves as a separator and / or protective layer. 1 shows that in addition an anode protective layer 32 , For example, from an inorganic, for example, ceramic and / or glassy, material or a block copolymer can be provided, which serves as a barrier against dendrite growth, for example. Optionally, the layer 31 (P) from the block co-polymer, however, as the sole layer between the anode 20 and cathode 10 serve, which is the anode protective layer 32 replaced (not shown).

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2013/182360 A1 [0014]

Cited non-patent literature

• Chem. Mater., 2011, 23, 5024 and J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 23240, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2013, 160 (8) A1170 [0014]
• Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 755-758 [0020]
• Z. Anorg. Gen. Chem., 2010, 636, 1920-1924 [0020]
• Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 2198-2206 [0020]
• Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 5138-5147 [0020]
• Chem. Eur. J., 2010, 16, 8347-8354 [0020]
• Solid State Ionics, 2012, 221, 1-5 [0020]
• Z. Anorg. Gen. Chem., 2011, 637, 1287-1294 [0020]
• Solid State Ionics, 2013, 243, 45-48 [0020]

Claims (15)

Cathode material for an alkali metal cell, in particular a lithium-sulfur cell, comprising at least one sulfur-containing cathode active material ( 11 ) and at least one sulfidic ion conductor ( 12 ). The cathode material of claim 1, wherein said at least one sulfide ionic conductor ( 12 ) comprises a lithium argyrodite and / or a sulfidic glass. The cathode material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cathode material further comprises at least one polymer (P). Cathode material according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one polymer (P) ion conducting or ion conducting, in particular lithium ion conductive or lithium ion conducting, is. Cathode material according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one polymer (P) comprises a polyalkylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one alkylene oxide group. The cathode material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one polymer (P) comprises a co-polymer (P) having at least a first repeating unit and at least a second repeating unit different from the at least one first repeating unit, the at least one first repeating unit Repeating unit the general chemical formula:

and / or a polymer mixture, in particular a polymer blend, of at least one first polymer and at least one second polymer, wherein the at least one first polymer comprises at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

and / or - a homo-polymer which contains at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

, wherein - [A] - represents a polymer backbone forming unit wherein X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0, and Q is a group Q ^- and ^- charged negatively is a counterion Z ⁺ , or where Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , or where Q is an uncharged group Q. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to claim 6, wherein Q ^- for a group based on a lithium Leitsalzanions or for a group based on an anion of an ionic liquid or for a sulfonate group or for a sulfate group or for a A carboxylate group or a group based on a phosphoric acid-based anion or a group based on an anion of an imide or a group based on an anion of an amide or a group based on an anion of a carboxylic acid amide, in particular a sulfonylimide or a sulfonate group, and Z ^{+ is} an alkali ion, or wherein Q ^{+ is} a pyridinium group or an ammonium group or an imidazolium group or a piperidinium group or a pyrrolidinium group or a phosphonium group or a guanidinium group or a morpholinium group or a uronium group or a thiouronium group and Z ^- for a Anion, in particular a lithium-Leitsalzanion, stands, or wherein Q is an uncharged group Q, in particular an alkylene oxide group or an acyclic carbonate group or a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbon or wherein the polymer back forming unit - [A] - an alkylene oxide unit and / or a unit comprising a carbonate group and / or a siloxane unit and / or a Phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit and / or a phenylene unit and / or a phenylene oxide unit and / or a benzylene unit and / or an alkylene unit, in particular wherein the Polymer back-forming unit - [A] - at least one siloxane unit and / or a phosphazene unit and / or a methyl methacrylate unit and / or a methacrylate unit comprises, and / or wherein the spacer X - at least one Alkylenoxidgruppe, in particular oligo -Alkylene oxide group, and / or - at least one, optionally further, negatively charged group Q ^- , in particular at least one sulfonylimide group and / or at least one sulfonate group, and a counterion Z ⁺ , in particular lithium ion, and / or at least one, optionally further, positively charged group Q ⁺ , in particular based on a cation of an ionic liquid, in particular at least one ammonium ion group and / or at least one pyridinium group and / or at least one imidazolium group and / or at least one piperidinium group and / or at least one pyrrolidinium group and / or at least one phosphonium group and / or at least one guanidinium group and / or at least one morpholinium group and / or at least one uronium group and / or at least one thiouronium group and one counterion Z ^- , in particular lithium -Leitsalzanion, and / or - at least one carbonyl group, in particular at least one cyclic carbonate group and / or at least one lactone group and / or at least one cyclic carbamate group and / or at least one acyclic carbonate group and / or at least one acyclic carboxylic acid ester group and / or at least one acyclic carbamate group, in particular at least one acyclic carbonate group, in particular wherein Q ^- for a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , in particular lithium ion. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the at least one second repeating unit is an alkylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries an alkylene oxide function, and / or wherein the at least one second polymer is a polyalkylene oxide and / or has a repeating unit, which carries an alkylene oxide function, in particular wherein the at least one second repeating unit is an ethylene oxide unit and / or a repeating unit which carries an ethylene oxide function, in particular an oligo-ethylene oxide function, and / or wherein the at least one second polymer is a polyethylene oxide and / or has a repeating unit which carries an ethylene oxide function, in particular an oligo-ethylene oxide function. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cathode material ( 10 ) comprises at least one electrical conductive additive, in particular at least one carbon modification. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cathode material ( 10 ) further comprises at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, in particular wherein the anion of the at least one conducting salt, in particular lithium conducting salt, and Z ^- or Q ^{- are selected} from the same anion class, in particular the sulfonylimides. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one cathode active material ( 11 ) comprises a sulfur-polymer and / or -carbon composite. Cathode material ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the at least one cathode active material ( 11 ) comprises a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite. Solid electrolyte and / or separator and / or protective layer, in particular for an alkali-metal-sulfur cell, for example for a lithium-sulfur cell, comprising at least one lithium argyrodite and / or a sulfidic glass and at least one lithium ion-conducting or lithium ion-conducting polymer (P) in which the at least one polymer (P) comprises a polyalkylene oxide and / or a polymer having at least one alkylene oxide group and / or at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

wherein - [A] - represents a polymer backbone forming unit wherein X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0, and Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ is or wherein Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- is or wherein Q is an alkylene oxide group or a cyclic carbonate group or a lactone group or a cyclic carbamate group or an acyclic carbonate group or an acyclic Carbonsäureestergruppe or an acyclic carbamate stands. Alkali metal cell, in particular lithium-sulfur cell, comprising a cathode material according to one of claims 1 to 12 and / or a solid electrolyte and / or a separator and / or a protective layer according to claim 13. An alkali metal cell according to claim 14, wherein the cell is a cathode ( 10 ) and an anode ( 20 ), wherein the cell, in particular between the cathode ( 10 ) and the anode ( 20 ), a separator and / or a protective layer ( 30 ), wherein the separator and / or the protective layer ( 30 ) at least one polystyrene-polyethylene oxide block copolymer, in particular which comprises at least one polystyrene component and at least one polyethylene oxide component and at least one further polymer component, in particular a polyisoprene component, and / or at least one polyacrylate-polyethylene oxide block copolymer, in particular which comprises at least one polyacrylate component and at least one polyethylene oxide component and at least one further polymer component, in particular a polyisoprene component, and / or at least one polymer (P), in particular polymer electrolytes, having at least one repeat unit of the general chemical formula:

wherein - [A] - represents a polymer backbone forming unit wherein X is a spacer, where x is the number of the spacer X and is 1 or 0, and wherein Q is a positively charged group Q ⁺ and a counterion Z ^- , or wherein Q is a negatively charged group Q ^- and a counterion Z ⁺ , or wherein Q stands for an uncharged group Q.

Images