DE102014217277A1 - Double coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

A dual clutch device comprises an input side, a first output side and a second output side, which are arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation, a first, radially outer friction clutch for establishing a friction between the input side and the first output side and a second, radially inner friction clutch for producing a Friction between the input side and the second output side. In this case, each friction clutch comprises a first friction element which engages in the input side in a torque-locking manner, a second friction element which engages with torque in the associated output side, a control element for providing an axial contact force to the friction elements and a spring element spirally wound around the axis of rotation and located axially between the latter Control element and the friction elements is arranged to reinforce the contact force in response to a rotation of its ends.

Description

The invention relates to a double clutch. In particular, the invention relates to a dual clutch for use in a motorcycle.

A dual clutch is used in conjunction with a dual-clutch transmission to quickly and accurately perform a gearshift between successive gears. In this case, a drive motor acts on an input side of the dual clutch and two independently controllable friction clutches can each produce a frictional engagement with an associated transmission input shaft. At each transmission input shaft, a pair of gear wheels may be active, wherein the gear pair of the different transmission input shafts usually act on the same output shaft. If the first clutch is open and the second is closed, then a predetermined gear is engaged. To engage another gear, the first clutch is opened and the second is closed.

To transfer the technology of the double clutch or the dual clutch transmission from a motor vehicle to a motorcycle, some boundary conditions must be considered. For example, an actuating force for the two friction clutches usually has to be applied manually by a driver of the motorcycle. If the torque to be transmitted is large, the driver can be overtaxed in the long run. In order to reduce the manually applied coupling forces, it is known to use a manually operable pre-clutch and actuated by the pre-clutch main clutch. WO 2011/050772 A1 and WO 2011/050775 A1 show embodiments of such, also called servo clutches devices.

However, servo-couplings may require a relatively large amount of space and are associated with a certain complexity. So for a dual clutch with two servo clutches a total of four clutches must be built, the interaction must be precisely controlled. Such a complex double clutch can lead to increased costs in development and production.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved dual clutch, in particular for use on a motorcycle. The invention solves this problem by means of a dual clutch device with the features of the independent claim. Subclaims give preferred embodiments again.

A dual clutch device comprises an input side, a first output side and a second output side, which are arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation, a first, radially outer friction clutch for establishing a friction between the input side and the first output side and a second, radially inner friction clutch for producing a Friction between the input side and the second output side. In this case, each friction clutch comprises a first friction element, the torque-locking engages in the input side, a second friction element, the torque-locking engages in the associated output side, a control element for providing an axial contact pressure on the friction elements and a spring element arranged axially between the control element and the friction elements is to increase the contact force in response to a rotation of its ends.

By using the spring element principle, an actuation force for the clutches can be reduced, so that an actuating system for the friction clutches can be simplified or dimensioned smaller. A burden on an auxiliary power source provided for actuation, for example a hydraulic pump or an electrical system, can thereby be kept low. The total mass of a surrounding vehicle, in particular a motorcycle, can be kept low. With manual actuation of the friction clutches, a small force to be applied by the driver can be realized, so that a relaxed driving with less strenuous gear changes can be supported. In addition, the use of radially offset spring element clutches can help to save axial space of the dual clutch device. Thereby, a unit of the dual clutch device and a drive motor or a transmission can be made narrower, so that a banking angle of a motorcycle in which the dual clutch device is installed can be large.

The spring element can be made in particular about the axis of rotation or spirally wound. In this case, the spring element may also be called leaf spring or leaf spring element. The leaf spring can build axially particularly compact and realize a desired gain of the axial contact forces on the friction particularly well.

Preferably, an axially extending portion of the input side is adapted to engage radially outside positively in the first friction element of the first friction clutch and radially inwardly form-fitting manner in the first friction element of the second friction clutch.

By arranging the friction clutches on different radial sides of a common element, namely the axial portion of the Input side, a radially compact design of the dual clutch device can be achieved. The number of components required for the dual clutch device can be reduced. Production costs can be reduced.

The section can be produced in one piece from a sheet metal. This can reduce production costs. In addition, engagement structures, which can be used for a power transmission radially inward and outward, respectively, to the first friction element, are designed to be simple and inexpensive.

At each friction clutch, a plurality of friction elements may be provided. This results in multi-plate clutches that can be used advantageously especially when used on a motorcycle.

The dual clutch device may be configured to run in an oil bath. This embodiment is also called wet or wet running. Cooling, lubrication or cleaning of elements of the dual clutch device can be facilitated. In addition, a responsiveness of friction frictional engagement elements may be more easily controllable. Integration with a likewise running in an oil bath gearbox can be facilitated.

It can be an axial actuating element comprises, which acts on the spring element of the friction clutches, wherein the spring element is adapted to press the friction elements in the absence of axial actuation force on the actuating element to each other, so that the friction clutch closes. This embodiment is also called "normally closed".

In another embodiment, an axial actuating element is included, which acts on the spring element of one of the friction clutches, wherein the spring element is adapted to press apart the friction elements in the absence of axial actuation force on the actuating element, so that the friction clutch opens. This embodiment is also called "normally open".

The two last-mentioned embodiments can be combined with one another by opening one friction clutch by pressing and closing the other by actuating. This can result in advantages in the provision of operating forces.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the attached figures. In detail:

1 a longitudinal section through a double clutch device;

2 and 3 Details of the dual clutch device of 1 and

4 an illustration of a leaf spring for the dual clutch device of 1 ,

1 shows a longitudinal section through a double clutch device 100 , Around a rotation axis 105 are an input page 110 for connection to a drive motor, a first output side 115 for connection to a first transmission input shaft 120 and a second exit side 125 for connection to a second transmission input shaft 130 arranged. The transmission input shafts 120 and 130 are preferably coaxial with the axis of rotation 105 executed.

A first friction clutch 135 for producing a frictional connection between the input side 110 and the first exit page 115 and a second friction clutch 140 for producing a frictional connection between the input side 110 and the second output side 125 are arranged offset radially to one another. In the exemplary embodiment selected, the first friction clutch 135 opened without operation ("normally open") and the second friction clutch 140 closed without operation ("normally closed"). In 1 is the first friction clutch 135 opened because it is not actuated, and the second friction clutch 140 is open because it is actuated.

As illustrated, it is preferable that an axially extending portion 142 the input side 110 equally for the torque-locking engagement of the first friction clutch 135 and the second friction clutch 140 is used. this section 142 is joined by way of example with a radially extending portion; in other embodiments, there may also be an integral implementation of both sections. The section 142 is preferably adapted to a torque-locking abutment both for friction elements of the outer first friction clutch 135 as well as the inner second friction clutch 140 display. As shown, the friction elements of both friction clutches 135 . 140 positively and preferably also axially displaceable in the section 142 intervention. This can be the section 142 bear an external toothing, in which the friction elements of the first friction clutch 135 engage, and an internal toothing, in which the friction elements of the second friction clutch 140 intervention. In one embodiment, the section comprises 142 a strip around the axis of rotation 105 circumferential material of constant thickness, which is shaped so that it alternates on two different radii around the Rotary axis runs, so that the outer teeth and the internal teeth result.

The first friction clutch 135 are a first actuating device 145 and a first spring element 150 assigned, the second friction clutch 140 in a corresponding manner, a second actuating device 155 and a second spring element 160 ,

The spring elements 150 and 160 act on the controls 145 and 155 in the axial direction. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring elements cause 150 and 160 each closing the friction clutches 135 and 140 during actuation by means of the actuators 145 and 155 each opening of the friction clutches 135 and 140 causes. This constellation is also called "normally closed"; In a corresponding manner, a "normally open" arrangement is possible, in which the respective actuating device 145 . 155 for closing and the respective spring element 150 . 160 for opening the associated friction clutch 135 . 140 is used. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, a "sliding" operation of the friction clutches 135 . 140 provided, wherein an axially acting compression force on the actuators 145 . 155 acts to activate this. In an alternative embodiment, however, can also be a "pulling" operation of the facilities 145 . 155 respectively. The operation of the facilities 145 . 155 can be done for example by means of an electric or hydraulic actuator.

The friction clutches 135 and 140 each comprise a number of fins 165 and friction discs 170 , which are provided alternately as an axially arranged stack. slats 165 engage with torque in the input side 110 and friction discs 170 in the assigned output pages 115 . 125 one. In other embodiments, slats 165 and friction discs 170 also be reversed or it can only slats 165 or only friction discs 170 be used. Preferably, between axially abutting elements 165 . 170 still provided a friction lining.

2 shows in detail the double clutch device 100 in the area of the first friction clutch 135 , The exit side 115 includes a radially extending portion into which the friction discs 170 torque-locking engage, and an optional axially extending portion for torque-locking connection with the first transmission input shaft 120 , These two sections are connected torque-tight. The first actuating device 145 includes a control 205 that with the first exit page 115 connected is. In the illustrated embodiment, it is an integral connection with the radial portion of the output side 115 , The control 205 extends radially inward, being between it and one end of the stack of fins 165 and friction discs 170 the first spring element 150 is arranged. The spring element 150 extends in one embodiment spirally around the axis of rotation 105 or is with respect to the axis of rotation 105 employed and more preferably has a high spring stiffness, to also a small axial movement of the control 205 on the stack of slats 165 and friction discs 170 transferred to. This allows a frictional engagement between the input side 110 and the output side 115 be prepared so that torque through the friction clutch 135 can be transferred. Due to the relative rotation of the input side 110 opposite the first exit side 115 the spring element is stressed to compression. This allows the spring element 150 a little between the control 205 and the end of the stack of slats 165 and friction discs 170 tilt, so that an axial spreading force is created, the axial on the slats 165 and friction discs 170 acting contact force increased. The closing force on the friction clutch 135 So in this case is a part of the over the friction clutch 135 amplified transmitted torque. The axial on the slats 165 and friction discs 170 acting contact force can therefore be many times greater than an originally caused contact pressure of the control 205 before a frictional engagement between the slats 165 and the friction discs 170 originated. The operation of the friction clutch 135 can be done with less force than on the slats 165 and friction discs 170 acts, so for example by means of manual operation large torques on the friction clutch 135 safely coupled or disconnected.

3 shows a detail of the dual clutch device 100 from 1 in the area of the second friction clutch 140 , The second friction clutch 140 is by an axial operating force on the control 205 open. By the actuating force, the second spring element 160 compressed in the axial direction. Just like the first spring element 150 includes the second spring element 160 a spiral element that extends around the axis of rotation 105 extends. Leaves the in 3 left-acting axial actuating force of the control 205 after, so relaxes the second spring element 160 and pushes the stack of slats 165 and friction discs 170 against an abutment 210 so that the stack compresses and the slats 165 in frictional engagement with the friction discs 170 devices. As a result, a torque acts between the second output side 125 and the control 205 , so that the second spring element 160 along its spiral Extension direction is claimed to compression. The second spring element 160 redirects the twisting force, resulting in an additional axial force. The stack of slats 165 and friction discs 170 This makes it stronger against the abutment 210 pressed, so that the friction increases.

Also in this variant, a part of the second friction clutch 140 transmitted force to be used, the second friction clutch 140 close. There is a self-amplification of the applied operating force on the control 205 on. The second friction clutch 140 Therefore, it can also be tightly closed by applying only small actuation forces, so that a large torque between the input side 110 and the output side 125 can be transferred.

4 shows a schematic representation of a helix 400 , A section of the helix 400 which is preferably less than 360 ° about the axis of rotation 105 covers, sets the shape for one of the spring elements 150 and 160 firmly. With respect to a preferred transmission direction of torque through the dual clutch device 100 is the direction of rotation of the helix 400 chosen so that the stress described occurs on compression along its direction of extent, if the respective friction clutch 135 . 140 to be closed. In other words, by turning the ends of a spring element 150 . 160 in compression direction around the axis of rotation 105 an axial spreading force of the ends of the spring element 150 . 160 be effected.

A spring element 150 . 160 with the shape of in 4 represented helix 400 extends in a view of the axis of rotation 105 clockwise away from the viewer. If the end facing the viewer in a clockwise direction relative to the other end about the axis of rotation 105 twisted clockwise, arises on the ends of the spring element 150 . 160 an axial spreading force along the axis of rotation 105 which drives the ends apart axially. The twisting movement occurs in one of the friction clutches 135 . 140 of the preceding figures, by the spring element 150 . 160 is pressed axially on elements with different speeds. By the twisting effect, the contact pressure is increased, so that a small pressing or actuating force can be sufficient to an opening or closing operation of the associated friction clutch 135 . 140 trigger. Part of the over the friction clutch 135 . 140 transmitted torque is used to provide the axial force on the friction elements 165 . 170 used.

In a further embodiment, one of the spring elements comprises 150 . 160 several of the elements shown, which are screwed into each other. In yet another embodiment, one of the spring elements 150 . 160 interrupted on the circumference.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

 Dual clutch assembly

105

 axis of rotation

110

 input side

115

 first exit page

120

 first transmission input shaft

125

 second exit side

130

 second transmission input shaft

135

 first friction clutch

140

 second friction clutch

145

 first actuating device

150

 first spring element

155

 second actuating device

160

 second spring element

165

 lamella

170

 friction

205

 control

210

 abutment

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2011/050772 A1 [0003]
• WO 2011/050775 A1 [0003]

Claims (8)

Double clutch device ( 100 ) comprising: - an input page ( 110 ), a first output page ( 115 ) and a second output side ( 125 ), which are arranged around a rotation axis ( 105 ) are rotatably arranged; A first, radially outer friction clutch ( 135 ) for producing a frictional connection between the input side ( 110 ) and the first output side ( 115 ); A second, radially inner friction clutch ( 140 ) for producing a frictional connection between the input side ( 110 ) and the second output side ( 125 ), Wherein each friction clutch ( 135 . 140 ) comprises: - a first friction element ( 165 . 170 ), the torque-locking in the input side ( 110 ) engages, and a second friction element ( 170 . 165 ), the torque-locked in the associated output side ( 115 . 125 ), - a control ( 205 ) for providing an axial contact force on the friction elements and - a spring element ( 150 . 160 ), which is axially between the control ( 205 ) and the friction elements ( 165 . 170 ) is arranged to reinforce the contact force in response to a rotation of its ends. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to claim 1, wherein the spring element ( 150 . 160 ) spirally wound around the axis of rotation. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to claim 2, wherein an axially extending portion ( 142 ) of the input side ( 110 ) is adapted to radially outwardly form-fitting manner in the first friction element ( 165 . 170 ) of the first friction clutch ( 135 ) and radially inwardly form-fitting in the first friction element ( 170 . 165 ) of the second friction clutch ( 140 ) intervene. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to claim 3, wherein the section ( 142 ) can be produced in one piece from a sheet metal. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in each case a plurality of friction elements ( 165 . 170 ) are provided. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the double clutch device ( 100 ) is set up to run in an oil bath. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an axial actuating element ( 145 . 155 ), which on the spring element of one of the friction clutches ( 135 . 140 ), wherein the spring element ( 150 . 160 ) is adapted to the friction elements ( 165 . 170 ) in the absence of axial actuation force on the actuating element ( 145 . 155 ) to press together so that the friction clutch ( 135 . 140 ) closes. Double clutch device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an axial actuating element ( 145 . 155 ), which on the spring element of one of the friction clutches ( 135 . 140 ), wherein the spring element ( 150 . 160 ) is adapted to the friction elements ( 165 . 170 ) in the absence of axial actuation force on the actuating element ( 145 . 155 ), so that the friction clutch ( 135 . 140 ) opens.

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