DE102014216501A1 - Brush seal with conveying effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a brush seal, comprising a brush holder (18, 32) with a brush formed from bristles (19), the bristles (19) forming a sliding sealing contact with a contact surface (41) rotatable relative to the bristles (19). To improve the pumping problem, it is proposed to form the contact surface (41) on a groove carrier (21, 34) and to provide a groove (22, 35) which extends obliquely to the direction of rotation (39) and receives bristles (19). Thus, the brush seal generated by the slope of the Rillenverlaufsrichtung (40) to the direction of rotation (39) caused conveying effect, so that no further pump or pumping system are required.

Description

The invention relates to a brush seal, comprising a brush holder with a brush formed from bristles, wherein the bristles form a sliding sealing contact with a rotatable relative to the bristles contact surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to a shaft with such a brush seal and a roller bearing with a medium flooded interior, wherein the interior is sealed by a brush seal of this type.

In conjunction with rolling bearings and mounted shafts, filters and seals of various types have been developed regularly in the past. The basic aim is to protect an interior, such as the interior of a rolling bearing filled with rolling rolling elements, from particle entry from an outside of the rolling bearing environment or wave environment.

Out DE 10 2007 001 963 A1 is a rolling bearing with a pre-seal for the discharge of a liquid is known, which is intended to protect a provided with a lubricant but not flooded interior with rolling elements. This is ensured by having a rotating outer ring water drainage holes, which can be derived radially by the rotational movement accelerated water.

Out EP 0 600 559 A1 a sealing ring is known which has a filter element, so that the storage environment as well as the bearing interior can be flooded with the same medium. The filter element is used to filter particles that can penetrate from the outside into the interior. A sliding sealing contact generates a flow of the medium, which ensures a continuous flow of the filter element from the outside and thus keeps the unwanted particles from the interior.

For externally flooded roller bearing arrangements or in particular for media-lubricated roller bearings, brush seals have proven to be especially since they are relatively easy to manufacture, can easily establish contact between relatively rotatable parts and at the same time have a filtering effect.

Out WO 2011/106 118 A1 For example, a lathe is known which comprises in a housing a rotor with a shaft which is mounted with bearings relative to the housing. The interiors of said bearings are supplied with a storage liquid. The brush seals are intended to separate the storage liquid from a process liquid, which is also circulated, in different regions from each other. A certain exchange of process fluid and storage fluid over the non-metallic bristles is tolerated here.

Out US Pat. No. 6,499,742 B1 a brush seal is known which is used on both sides with annular teeth and a honeycomb arrangement between chambers of different pressure. In both chambers, the same medium is used, however, an advantageous brush seal can be used despite the large pressure difference. In conjunction with different pressures in the interior and exterior, a brush seal may prove problematic, especially since the bristles of the brush seal allow significant pressure equalization. Therefore, it is understood that a considerable effort must be made to maintain a pressure differential between the interior and the outside storage environment. For this purpose, typically pumps or pumping systems are used.

The object of the invention is to prevent the penetration of particles into the spaces sealed by the brush seal, to improve the maintenance of a pressure difference, or to simplify its manufacture without adversely affecting genus-typical properties of the brush seal.

In a brush seal of the aforementioned type, this object is achieved in that the contact surface is formed on a groove carrier and has an obliquely to the direction of rotation and receiving bristles groove. It is irrelevant whether the brush forms a rotating part of the brush seal or a fixed. The same applies to the groove carrier, which can be pressed onto a shaft or hub or otherwise secured or alternatively is made in one piece with the shaft or hub. It is important that the direction of rotation and the bristles receiving groove at an angle to each other. The deviation of the groove course from the direction of rotation defined by the angle causes a conveying effect, in particular if the groove carrier is provided as a rotating part. The conveying effect is achieved in that the groove during rotation, that is, for example, during a rolling bearing operation, the medium either conveys out of the interior or promotes into the interior.

It is not mandatory that there is only one bristle receiving groove, but it can be provided a plurality of bristles receiving grooves. In this case, the bristles receiving grooves may for example run on a cylindrical contact surface or on a flat contact surface. In both cases, the bristles can curved receiving grooves or straight. During the rotational movement, the bristles migrate within the bristles receiving groove. This can be done, for example, from a first to a second turn and / or to further turns. Alternatively, the bristles simply travel within the groove width.

A pickup of bristles in the groove is understood to mean an arrangement of the bristle ends within the bristle-receiving groove. Depending on the sealing effect to be achieved, the bristle ends are arranged on the groove bottom or in the vicinity of the groove edge. A particularly advantageous effect arises when the bristle ends can rub off at the groove edge, so that in addition to the conveying effect, a mechanical cleaning effect of the bristles occurs.

The contact surface is a sealing surface, which forms the sliding sealing contact in part, wherein the bristles form this sliding sealing contact in part. Depending on the application, the bristles may be made of a metal or a plastic, resulting in different sealing effects and manufacturing advantages. For example, metallic bristles are often preferred in oily media because they do not rust there. On the other hand, plastic bristles can be advantageous if it is a water-based medium. Here, however, precautions must be taken that take into account breakaway plastic bristles.

The brush formed by the bristles can be made very wide to increase the sealing effect, whereby the sliding sealing contact itself, together with the associated contact surface, becomes wider. Depending on the application, for example, the brush can cover one, two or three turns of the groove. Since the groove does not necessarily have to have turns, the brush can cover even short straight grooves in whole or in part.

Advantageously, the groove carrier is designed as a component which can be pressed onto a shaft or a hub. Alternatively, material connection methods can be used, such as soldering or welding. Even positive connections between groove carrier and shaft or hub are possible.

Advantageously, the medium is a lubricating medium, which is intended to ensure the lubrication of a bearing, a bearing or a roller bearing. The lubricating medium may be, for example, a lubricating oil. Alternatively, the medium is a surrounding medium, such as water, in particular seawater or dirty water, whereby the interior of the rolling bearing or rolling bearing is flooded.

Especially with a surrounding medium such as water, this must be filtered for the interior of the bearing so as not to cause damage to running surfaces and rolling elements. This can now be done via a separate filter arrangement, which is arranged at the inlet to the interior of a rolling bearing. The outflow of the medium from the interior of the rolling bearing takes place via the brush seal, which is arranged for example on a shaft. In order to avoid the bypass of the filter, the brush seal is used with conveying effect, wherein the conveying effect is directed from the interior to the outside. Thus, the bypass of the filter is prevented and also the desired pressure difference between the interior and the exterior can advantageously be maintained or at least supported. Preferably, possible pumps or pump systems are completely eliminated, provided that the conveying effect of the brush seal is sufficient. For this purpose, a plurality of brush seals can be used, with their conveying effect advantageously added up.

The interior of a rolling bearing is at least one Wälzkörperraum and an interior of a rolling bearing assembly also, with even more devices without rolling bearing related function can be integrated into the interior. The decisive factor here is that the interior has rolling rolling element contact, which must be protected from dirt and particles through the brush seal.

In an advantageous embodiment, the groove forms part or all of a spiral. This is advantageous, especially as the spiral achieves a very good conveying effect and a large number of bristles can be arranged in the groove. In addition, if necessary, standard components for the groove carrier can be used, which then forms with the contact surface of the sliding sealing contact with the bristles of the brush.

In an advantageous embodiment, the contact surface is a cylindrical surface or a flat surface. If the contact surface is a cylindrical surface, then the brush seal can be used in or on a radial bearing, wherein the groove carrier is designed in one piece with a shaft or hub or alternatively is a separate component. The brush has bristles which are aligned in the radial direction and are oriented with their bristle ends either radially outward or radially inward.

If the contact surface is a flat surface, then the brush seal can be used in a thrust bearing, wherein, for example, a groove formed as a spiral is formed in the plane of the contact surface. In this case, the groove has a beginning and an end point, wherein the starting point radially inward and the end point are arranged radially outward.

In an advantageous embodiment, the groove forms an internal thread or an external thread. In principle, a thread is defined by a slope, which can also be described in the form of a pitch angle. This pitch angle is then the same angle formed between the direction of rotation and the groove course direction. It is advantageous that one can fall back on a wide range of standard components, which have either an external or internal thread and thus are suitable for use in the brush seal. In addition, for example, waves can relatively easily be provided with an external thread which can be used as a bristle-receiving groove in a brush seal. The groove carrier and the shaft are made in one piece. The contact surface is formed by the shaft outer surface.

Advantageously, the brush may be provided with bristles which are directed radially outward, whereby in a radial bearing or a radial bearing of the groove carrier has a ring shape, wherein the inner surface is used as a contact surface. The obliquely to the direction of rotation extending and receiving bristles groove or obliquely to the direction of rotation and bristles receiving grooves is / are open radially inward. In other words, the brush is attached to the inner part and the groove is formed on the outer part, which, however, by no means a definition with regard to the rotation is given. Regardless of whether the groove, or the bristles, are arranged on the inner or outer part, the inner or outer part may be provided as a fixed or rotatable part.

If the groove carrier is provided as a rotatable part, the conveying effect arises mainly in that the medium follows the groove, similar to what is known from the so-called Archimedean screw. If the brush is attached to the rotatable part, the conveying effect is created by the continuous deflection of the bristles as they pass over the channel, in particular the channel edges.

Advantageously, the brush extends over at least two turns of the groove, so that a good compromise between sealing and conveying effect is found. To increase the sealing effect, it is conceivable that a plurality of brushes arranged along the conveying direction, so are cascaded, whereby with the same component (the brush) by multiple use, a desired sealing effect can be achieved in conjunction with the desired conveying effect.

In an advantageous embodiment, the groove carrier or the brush holder has an impact function or filter function. For this purpose, for example, the groove carrier or the brush holder may be provided to adhere to a filter element or a filter, which can be done on the brush seal, the medium exchange in both directions. The required filter particle size will decide whether an impact function or a filter function is more suitable. The impact function occurs only when the brush seal can actually be rotated and a mechanical effect on the medium in the sense of rebounding or deflecting is implemented. A filter function, however, is independent of rotation and can be determined by the choice of filter material with regard to the particle size to be filtered.

In an advantageous embodiment of the groove carrier is intended to be rotatably connected to a hub or a shaft. Alternatively, the groove carrier is made in one piece with the hub or shaft. This makes it possible to sell the brush seal as such, ie in particular the groove carrier and brush holder, as a product in the set or alternatively to integrate the brush seal in a shaft bearing.

In an advantageous embodiment of the brush holder is provided to be rotatably connected to a hub or shaft. Alternatively, the brush holder is integral with the hub or shaft. There are the same advantages as in the above paragraph.

If both groove carriers and brush holders are each designed as a separate component, in particular the brush seal can be designed as a cassette seal, which can be distributed as a product as a pre-installed part. Advantageously, the outer surfaces of the cartridge seal may be substantially purely cylindrical and planar surfaces such that non-hazardous stacking or accumulation of cartridge seals will not result in damage to the brush or other sealing elements. A cassette seal thus essentially consists of a groove carrier and a brush holder, wherein the brush is already held in the brush holder. Thus, the cassette seal can be used as a whole on a shaft or a hub or press.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is a shaft with one or more brush seals, which in particular at different storage locations also different rooms of different pressures can be operated, which are separated from each other by a brush seal. In this case, the spaces of different pressures can either be connected in a pressure-maintaining manner via the conveying effect of the brush seal or, alternatively or additionally, can be connected to a pumping system.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is a roller bearing having an interior flooded with a medium, wherein the interior is sealed by a brush seal against a bearing outer region and the brush seal is provided during rolling bearing operation to produce a conveying effect on the medium. In this case, the conveying effect of the brush seal with respect to the pressure difference of the interior to the bearing outer region is directed either from the interior to the outer storage area or from the outer storage area in the interior. It is also conceivable that a circulating current between the interior and the outer storage area is established by the brush seal. It is particularly advantageous if the medium occurs at the brush seal from the interior in the outer storage area and passes from the outer storage area to a filter or filter element back into the interior. The filter or the filter element need not necessarily be arranged on the brush seal, but this can advantageously be done by the groove carrier or alternatively the brush holder having the filter or the filter element for this purpose.

Advantageous embodiments and preferred developments of the invention are specified in the description of the figures and / or the subclaims. Like reference numerals in different figures refer to like components or elements. Show it:

1 an outlet of a media-lubricated rolling bearing of a shaft with a brush seal,

2 an exit and inlet of a media-lubricated rolling bearing on the brush seal,

3 a media-lubricated double-row angular contact ball bearing with central inlet and two axial-side outlets with brush seals,

4 a double-row angular contact ball bearing with an axial-side inlet and an outlet on the axial side of the inlet to a brush seal.

1 shows a water-lubricated storage, which can be used for example in tidal power plants (flow power plants) or used for underwater turbines. With this storage, leakage can be avoided as with oil-based bearings. Consequently, there is also a hermetic seal of the interior 38 not mandatory.

The outer part 27 can for example be designed as a housing and is fixed. In the outer part 27 is a wave 12 via a radial bearing, consisting of an outer ring 16 , an inner ring 17 and rolling elements 15 , rotatably mounted. The interior 38 , the rolling rolling elements 15 contains, has the same medium, as well as the outdoor area 42 that represents the warehouse environment. Thus, the medium of water, such as seawater, is used to lubricate the storage and at the same time a circuit between the interior 38 and outdoor area 42 to establish.

The brush seal is intended to the interior 38 from the outside area 42 seal, wherein the brush seal from a brush holder 18 and a groove carrier 21 is formed and wherein the groove carrier 21 a cylindrical contact surface 41 has, on the the groove 22 is designed as an external thread. The groove carrier 21 was on the wave 12 pressed on, just like the brush holder 18 in the outer part 27 has been pressed.

The conveying direction 10 is supported by the brush seal and leads out of the interior 38 in the outdoor area 42 , The rotating groove carrier 21 is on the rotatable shaft 12 fixed and rotated within the cylindrically arranged bristles 19 the brush. The bristles grip 19 or at least their ends in the groove 22 one. This is on the enlarged section 28 to recognize, just like the enlarged section 29 another, separate embodiment shows.

The enlarged detail 29 shows an embodiment in which the brush 32 only two turns of the groove 22 covers and bristle ends only within these two turns in the groove 22 protrude. In other words, the groove 22 takes in two turns the ends of the bristles of the brush 32 on.

The conveying speed can thereby be determined by the tangential groove course direction 40 in relation to the tangential direction of rotation 39 is varied. Advantageously, this can be applied to the angle between the direction of rotation 39 and the groove course direction 40 Be referred. The larger the angle between the direction of rotation 39 and the groove course direction 40 is chosen, all the more greater is the conveying effect caused by the rotation of the shaft 12 is caused.

2 shows a brush seal a water lubricated storage, wherein in addition to the conveying direction, which is generated by the brush seal, also an inlet direction 33 is assisted to supply the interior 38 provided with the medium of water.

The groove carrier 34 points next to the groove 35 , which is formed as an external thread, still radially inwardly on an annular filter element, which is no longer to penetrate from dirt particles from a certain particle size. Thus, the filter delivers in or on the ring carrier 34 an inlet flow in the inlet direction 33 , which supplies the rolling bearing in the interior 38 is usable.

The abrasive sealing contact of the brush seal passing through the bristles 19 and the groove 35 of the groove carrier 34 is formed here lies in relation to the rolling elements 15 further radially outward, especially an axial surface for the filter in the groove carrier 34 must be provided. Accordingly, the radial inner dimension of the brush holder 32 reduced, so still an engagement of the bristles 19 into the groove 35 given is.

3 shows a media-lubricated, double-row ball bearing for example, a submersible propeller, the storage an interior space 38 that with filtered water through the radial inlet 14 is supplied and has two axial outlets on the two brush seals.

Both brush seals have identical components, namely the brush holder 18 , the groove carrier 21 and the bristles 19 , where the two groove carriers 21 in the opposite way to the shaft 12 have been pressed. Thus, axially oppositely directed conveying directions 10 be assured, though the wave 12 for only one direction of rotation 11 is provided. The wave 12 turns in 3 as in all other figures, down out of the picture plane, to get further up in the respective figure in the illustrated rolling element 15 to move back into the picture plane. Locally at a circumferential point of the bristles 19 This results in an axial relative movement of the grooves 22 in relation to the bristles 19 to the outside area 42 out.

The inlet direction 23 is here radially along the radial inlet 14 chosen, with the inlet 14 but also in other directions or in other places of the fixed outer part 13 can be arranged. For example, a filter or filter element may be in the radial inlet 14 or radially outside the radial inlet 14 to be ordered.

It is conceivable, however, that the shown pump structure, which is based on two pumps (both brush seals), is additionally supported by further pumps, which allow the exchange of water between the interior 38 and the outside area 42 maintained.

The enlarged detail 20 of the 3 and 4 is identical to the enlarged section 28 of the 1 because the same components are used.

4 shows a double-row angular contact ball bearing, which is the end of the shaft 24 stores, with the warehouse interior 38 through the axial-side axial inlet 25 in the case 26 with a (not shown) filter element with a filtered water flow in the direction of influence 23 is supplied. The outlet is realized by the axially left-side brush seal, which is constructed as one of the brush seals of the embodiment of 3 , The conveying direction 10 is axial along the shaft 24 directed.

The media lubricated storage of 4 works very well for a submersible propeller attached to the shaft 24 is attached, however, the shaft can 24 also be a motor shaft, which is operated in an oily medium.

The exemplary embodiments of the brush seal essentially show ball bearings, but a brush seal according to the invention is suitable for sealing or protecting any rolling bearing, slide bearing or other particle-sensitive machine elements. Also conceivable are other embodiments of the embodiments, such as the embodiment of 1 in which the brush holder 18 Also optionally may have a filter element that supports the influence of filtered water, so not only a conveying direction 10 is ensured, but an exchange of the medium, similar to the embodiment of the 2 ,

In summary, the invention relates to a brush seal, comprising a brush holder 18 . 32 with one of bristles 19 formed brush, wherein the bristles 19 a sliding sealing contact with a relative to the bristles 19 rotatable contact surface 41 form. To improve the Pumpproblematik is proposed, the contact surface 41 to a groove carrier 21 . 34 form and an oblique to the direction of rotation 39 running and bristles 19 receiving groove 22 . 35 provided. Thus, the brush seal generates a through the slope of the Rillenverlaufsrichtung 40 to the direction of rotation 39 caused conveying effect, so that no further pump or pumping system are required.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

conveying direction

11

direction of rotation

12

wave

13

fixed outer part

14

radial inlet

15

rolling elements

16

outer ring

17

inner ring

18

brush carrier

19

bristles

20

enlarged section

21

grooves carrier

22

groove

23

inlet direction

24

wave

25

axial inlet

26

casing

27

outer part

28

enlarged section

29

enlarged section

32

brush carrier

33

inlet direction

34

grooves carrier

35

groove

36

bristles

37

enlarged section

38

inner space

39

Direction of rotation, tangential

40

Rillenverlaufsrichtung, tangential

41

cylindrical contact surface

42

outdoors

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102007001963 A1 [0003]
• EP 0600559 A1 [0004]
• WO 2011/106118 A1 [0006]
• US 6499742 B1 [0007]

Claims (10)

Brush seal, comprising a brush holder ( 18 . 32 ) with one of bristles ( 19 ), wherein the bristles ( 19 ) a sliding sealing contact with a relative to the bristles ( 19 ) rotatable contact surface ( 41 ), characterized in that the contact surface ( 41 ) on a groove carrier ( 21 . 34 ) is formed and an oblique to the direction of rotation ( 39 ) and the bristles ( 19 ) receiving groove ( 22 . 35 ) having. Brush seal according to claim 1, wherein the groove ( 22 . 35 ) partially or completely forms a spiral. Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contact surface ( 41 ) a cylindrical surface ( 41 ) or a flat surface. Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the groove ( 22 . 35 ) forms an internal thread or an external thread. Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the brush extends over at least two turns of the groove ( 22 . 35 ). Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the groove carrier ( 21 . 34 ) or the brush carrier ( 18 . 32 ) has an impact function or filter function. Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the groove carrier ( 21 . 34 ) is provided with a hub or shaft ( 12 . 24 ) rotatably connected or the groove carrier ( 21 . 34 ) integral with the hub or shaft ( 12 . 24 ) is executed. Brush seal according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein the brush holder ( 18 . 32 ) is provided with the hub or shaft ( 12 . 24 ) rotatably connected or the brush carrier ( 18 . 32 ) integral with the hub or shaft ( 12 . 24 ) is executed. Wave ( 12 . 24 ) with a brush seal according to one of the preceding claims. Rolling bearing comprising an interior flooded with a medium ( 38 ), the interior ( 38 ) by means of a brush seal according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 with respect to an outer area ( 42 ) is sealed and the brush seal is provided in the rolling bearing operation for generating a conveying effect on the medium.

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