DE102014200989A1 - Temperature control device for battery cells and methods for controlling the temperature of battery cells and battery module, battery pack, battery and battery system - Google Patents

Abstract

A temperature control device (30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; 200,220,300,310,320,330) for a battery cell (100), characterized by a tube or hose (300) comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control means, and a plurality of connection means (200), each comprising a plurality of channels (210) for receiving the tube or tube (300), wherein: the plurality of connection means (200) are placeable such that the tube or the hose (300) is placeable in the plurality of channels (210) of the plurality of connection devices (200) and the temperature control means can temper the battery cell (100), a battery module (10, 20), a battery pack, a battery, a battery system , A vehicle and a method for controlling the temperature of a plurality of battery cells (1001 ... 1003).

Description

State of the art

Lithium-ion batteries include a positive electrode (cathode) and a negative electrode (anode), the lithium-ion (Li +) reversible store during loading (intercalation) or outsource (deintercalation) during unloading. In the process, the volume of the lithium-ion accumulators on loading increases due to the intercalation and on unloading due to deintercalation. Lithium-ion batteries have a high energy density and low self-discharge.

However, it is foreseeable that both in stationary applications, for example in wind turbines, as well as in mobile applications, for example in electric vehicles (EV) or hybrid vehicles (hybrid electric vehicles, HEV), as rechargeable electrical energy storage (EES) increased new battery systems, for example with lithium-ion batteries or nickel-metal hybrid batteries, will be used.

The battery systems must meet very high requirements in terms of usable energy content, charge / discharge efficiency, reliability, life and unwanted capacity loss due to frequent partial discharge.

A battery system includes a plurality of battery cells. Due to their internal cell resistance and the electrochemical processes that take place, the battery cells heat up during charging and discharging. The battery cells can be connected in series (series) to increase the voltage and / or connected in parallel to increase the maximum electric current. In this case, the battery cells can be combined to form battery units or battery modules. For example, three to twelve battery cells can be combined in one battery module. The battery module holds the battery cells and absorbs mechanical stress, protecting the battery cells from damage. Furthermore, the battery module realizes a mechanical tension of the battery cells and provides electrical insulation. In addition, the battery module can be used for temperature control of the battery cells. The battery modules can be combined to form a battery pack. When used to drive vehicles, for example, about 100 battery cells (as a traction battery) can be connected in series or in parallel. For example, in a high voltage battery system, the total voltage may be 450V or even 600V.

The permissible for the operation of the battery cells temperature range is typically between -30 ° C and +70 ° C, preferably between +5 ° C and +35 ° C. In the lower range of the operating temperature, the performance of the battery cells can be significantly reduced. At temperatures below about 0 ° C, the internal resistance of the battery cells increases sharply, and the performance and efficiency of the battery cells continue to decrease as temperatures continue to fall. In this case, an irreversible damage to the battery cells can occur. Even if the operating temperature is exceeded, the performance of the battery cells may decrease significantly. At temperatures above approx. 40 ° C, the service life of the battery cells is reduced. In this case, an irreversible damage to the battery cells can also occur. Furthermore, the allowable for the operation of the battery cells temperature difference (temperature gradient) in a battery cell and / or within a battery module or a battery typically between 5 Kelvin and 10 Kelvin. For larger temperature differences, different areas of a battery cell or different battery cells of a battery module or a battery can experience different loads or even (partially) overloaded and / or damaged. Furthermore, due to temperature differences and / or temperature changes, there is a risk of the formation of condensation in the battery. The damage can lead to an accelerated aging of the battery cells or a thermal runaway of the battery cells, which represents a danger to humans and the environment.

In a hybrid powertrain of a vehicle, Li-ion high-performance battery cells are operated with a very high dynamics. During short-term peak loads caused, for example, by recuperation of braking energy during braking or boost assistance during acceleration, the battery cells must in a very short time a high performance (when charging) record or deliver (on discharge). Due to the internal resistance of the battery cells, these short peak loads lead to significant heating of the battery cells. The efficiency of the battery cells when charging or discharging is very high (about 95%); Nevertheless, the resulting waste heat is not negligible. At a traction power of, for example, 60 KW results in a loss of 5%, a power loss of 3 KW. Furthermore, for example, in the summer months or in warmer regions, outside temperatures, which may be 40 ° C and more, outside the allowable temperature range, so that the battery cells can not reach a life of, for example, ten or 15 years without cooling.

To ensure the safety, function and life of the battery module or battery system, it is therefore necessary to operate the battery cells within the specified temperature range. On the one hand arises, as described above, during operation of the battery cells heat that must be dissipated to prevent heating of the battery cells above the critical maximum temperature. On the other hand, it may be necessary to heat the battery cells at low temperatures to a minimum temperature. To maintain the predetermined temperature range, the battery module or battery system is heated, ie cooled or heated as needed, the cooling is usually required more often than the heater.

For this purpose, the battery module or battery system, a fluid, for example a liquid such as alcohol, for example propane-1,2,3-triol (glycerol, glycerol), oil or water, a liquid mixture or a refrigerant, as a temperature control, for example, cooling or refrigerant in a temperature control circuit include.

For example, the cooling of the battery cells can be achieved by cooling plates on which the battery cells are mounted. In the cooling plates, either a coolant such as cooling water (air-heat radiator) or a refrigerant that evaporates by the heat (evaporator) absorbs the heat of the battery cells and supplies it via a radiator or other heat exchange device to the environment or an air conditioner (Airconditioning, AC). In addition to the cooling plates or the evaporator and the cooler, a cooling system further comprises hoses and / or pipes, for example made of plastic or metal such as aluminum, for connecting the cooling plates, the evaporator and / or the cooler.

WO 2012/028927 A2 discloses an electricity storage device having a battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cells, a pair of end plates, and a plurality of tightening straps, wherein the plurality of battery cells are disposed between the pair of end plates and the plurality of tightening straps along the plurality of battery cells are disposed on top thereof Bottom, is aligned and respectively attached to the end plates, so that the plurality of battery cells between the pair of end plates is braced.

In order to improve the functionality of battery modules and to reduce the cost of the battery modules, it is thus necessary to improve the temperature control device and the method for temperature control of the battery cells.

Disclosure of the invention

The devices and methods according to the invention with the features of the independent claims have the advantage that the battery cells, for example prismatic battery cells, can be tempered more easily and / or clamped. In this case, the battery cells, for example, in a battery modules, a plurality of battery modules, a battery pack or a Viezzahl of battery packs, especially if the battery pack or the battery packs are formed flat, tempered and / or braced. It can be increased by means of a turbulent flow, the thermal efficiency and a more uniform temperature distribution can be achieved. Furthermore, the pressure loss can be reduced or minimized even with large Temperiermittelströmen. Furthermore, the energy requirement for circulation of the temperature control can be reduced, for example by means of a pump. Thus, the energy efficiency of the entire system can be increased. Furthermore, the battery module can be modularized. This can simplify the construction of the battery module and reduce the number of components of the battery module. Thus, the battery module can be downsized and its weight reduced. In this case, the efference, in particular thermal efficiency of the battery module, can be maintained. Furthermore, the variant variety and / or scalability of the battery module can be increased. Thus, the costs such as manufacturing costs, storage costs, system costs, maintenance costs or repair costs can be reduced and resources can be spared. Furthermore, the flow profile and / or the flow density of the temperature control can be adapted to the needs of the battery cell. As a result, the amount of temperature differences and the formation of condensation can be reduced.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.

Conveniently, the plurality of channels of the plurality of connection means may each be closed, for example, formed in a tubular manner in the plurality of connection means, such that the tube or hose can be placed axially, ie in each case through an opening in the cross-section of a channel and along the channel, in the multiplicity of channels of the plurality of connecting devices. This can protect the pipe or hose from damage.

Conveniently, the plurality of channels of the plurality of connection means each open, for example, trench-shaped in the plurality of connecting means may be formed, so that the tube or hose radially, d. H. each through an opening along a channel, is placeable in the plurality of channels of the plurality of connecting means. As a result, the production of the temperature control can be simplified and the use of a single tube allows. Thus, the cost can be reduced.

Appropriately, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means may be identical. As a result, the construction of the temperature control device can be simplified and the number of different components of the temperature control device can be reduced. Furthermore, the variety of variants, scalability and / or flexibility of the temperature control can be increased. Thus, the costs such as manufacturing costs, storage costs, maintenance costs or repair costs can be reduced and resources can be spared.

Conveniently, the dimensions of the plurality of connecting means may be adapted to the dimensions of the battery cell. As a result, the scalability with respect to the number of battery cells can be further increased. Thus, the costs such as manufacturing costs, storage costs, maintenance costs or repair costs can be further reduced.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means may be formed such that they clamp the battery cell. As a result, the material fatigue can be prevented or at least reduced and, under certain circumstances, the life of the battery cell can be extended. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with a separate module clamping. Thus, the cost and weight can be reduced.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting devices may each be formed as a connecting body, for example cast, molded or extruded. Thereby, the production of the connection devices can be simplified.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means may each be formed as a connecting band, for example cut, stamped, bent or extruded. As a result, the production of the connecting devices can be simplified and the variability in terms of shape and geometry can be increased. Furthermore, the decisive for the heat transfer contact can be improved. In addition, the cost and weight can be reduced.

Conveniently, the tempering device, further comprising a connection element, which is arranged at one end of the tube or hose, for connecting the tube or hose to a tempering system. The connecting element may be formed, for example, as a nozzle, threaded connector or olive. By means of the connecting element, the tempering device can be connected to the tempering system, for example by means of pipes and / or hoses. As a result, the structure can be modularized.

Conveniently, the tempering device may further comprise an arch member disposed at another end of the pipe or hose for connecting the pipe or hose to another pipe or hose. The arch element may comprise a bend angle of for example 45 °, 90 ° or 180 ° and, for example with respect to diameters and / or radii, be adapted to the dimensions of the battery cell and / or the tube or hose. The arch element allows connection of a variety of pipes and / or hoses. As a result, the number of connection points to the temperature control system and thus the number of connection elements can be reduced. Thus, the structure can be simplified and the cost and / or weight can be reduced.

The invention provides a battery module which comprises a multiplicity of battery cells which are aligned in one spatial direction and the temperature control device described above.

The invention further provides a battery pack comprising the previously described tempering device or the previously described battery module.

The invention further provides a battery comprising the previously described tempering device, the previously described battery module or the previously described battery pack.

The invention further provides a battery system comprising the previously described tempering device, the previously described battery module, the previously described battery pack or the previously described battery.

The invention further provides a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle such as electric motor vehicle, hybrid vehicle or electric motorcycle (electric bike, e-bike), electric bicycle (pedal electric cycle, pedelec), a maritime vehicle such as electric boat or submarine (submarine), an aircraft or a Spacecraft, ready, the previously described and connected to the vehicle tempering, the previously described and with the Vehicle connected battery module, the previously described and connected to the vehicle battery pack, the previously described and connected to the vehicle battery or the previously described and connected to the vehicle battery system.

Conveniently, the plurality of channels of the plurality of connectors may each be closed, for example, tubularly formed in the plurality of connectors so that the tube or hose may be placed axially in the plurality of channels of the plurality of connectors. This can protect the pipe or hose from damage.

Conveniently, the plurality of channels of the plurality of connection means may each be openly formed, for example, trench-shaped in the plurality of connection means so that the tube or hose may be radially placed in the plurality of channels of the plurality of connection means. Thereby, the process can be simplified and the use of a single tube can be made possible. Thus, the cost can be reduced.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means can be formed identically. This can simplify the process and reduce the number of components. Furthermore, the variety of variants and / or scalability can be increased. Thus, the costs such as manufacturing costs, storage costs, maintenance costs or repair costs can be reduced and resources can be spared.

Conveniently, the dimensions of the plurality of connecting devices can be adapted to the dimensions of the battery cell. As a result, the scalability with respect to the number of battery cells can be further increased. Thus, the costs such as manufacturing costs, storage costs, maintenance costs or repair costs can be further reduced. Furthermore, by associating the connection means to each of a battery cell, for example, condensation of humid air, the formation of moisture bridges between the battery cells can be prevented. Furthermore, the dimensions of the connection devices can be determined in such a way that an air gap for insulation remains between the battery cells, so that insulation means can be dispensed with. Spacer devices, which may be formed as rings such as O-rings, may be arranged between the connection devices. The spacers may be disposed on the tubes.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means may be formed so as to clamp the battery cell. This can extend the life of the battery cell. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with a separate module clamping. Thus, the cost and weight can be reduced.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting devices may each be formed as a connecting body, for example cast, molded or extruded. Thereby, the production of the connection devices can be simplified.

Conveniently, the connecting means of the plurality of connecting means may each be formed as a connecting band, for example cut, stamped, bent or extruded. As a result, the production of the connecting devices can be simplified and the variability in terms of shape and geometry can be increased. Furthermore, the decisive for the heat transfer contact can be improved. In addition, the cost and weight can be reduced.

Conveniently, the method may further comprise providing a connector disposed at one end of the tube for connecting the tube to a temperature control system. The connecting element may be formed, for example, as a nozzle, threaded connector or olive. By means of the connecting element, the tempering device can be connected to the tempering system, for example by means of pipes and / or hoses. As a result, the structure can be modularized.

Conveniently, the method may further comprise providing an arch member disposed at another end of the pipe or hose for connecting the pipe or hose to another pipe or hose. The arch element may comprise a bend angle of for example 45 °, 90 ° or 180 ° and, for example with respect to diameters and / or radii, be adapted to the dimensions of the battery cell and / or the tube or hose. The arch element allows connection of a variety of pipes and / or hoses. As a result, the number of connection points to the temperature control system and thus the number of connection elements can be reduced. Thus, the structure can be simplified and the cost and / or weight can be reduced.

Conveniently, the tube or hose can be connected to the plurality of fasteners, for example, by means of clips, spikes, gluing, clamping, soldering or welding such as friction welding or ultrasonic welding. Thereby, the exchange of heat energy between the pipe or hose and the plurality of connecting elements can be improved.

Conveniently, the pipe, connecting element and / or sheet metal element may comprise, for example, aluminum, copper or steel or plastic. As a result, the pipe, connection element and / or arch element can be connected, for example by means of gluing, soldering or welding, such as friction welding or ultrasonic welding. The junctions may include, for example, special solder for soldering aluminum at 605 ° C. or solder rings, elastic seals, for example sealing rings such as O-rings, or self-sealing connecting elements for pressure-resistant sealing.

Conveniently, the hose can be flexible. Thereby, the tube can be integrally placed in the plurality of channels of the plurality of connecting devices.

Appropriately, the battery cell can be clamped by means of the tube or hose. As a result, the temperature and stress of the battery cell can be combined.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description of exemplary embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the invention,

2 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 20 according to another embodiment of the invention,

3 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 30 according to an embodiment of the invention,

4 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 40 according to another embodiment of the invention,

5 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 50 according to a further embodiment of the invention,

6 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 60 according to a further embodiment of the invention,

7 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 70 according to a further embodiment of the invention,

8th shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 80 according to a further embodiment of the invention,

9 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 90 according to another embodiment of the invention, and

10 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 95 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The battery module 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 ie 100 ₁ ... 100 _3, for example, two, three, four or more battery cells. The battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ are as in 1 shown as an example, aligned in a first spatial direction, so that their longitudinal sides, which are aligned in a second, perpendicular to the first spatial direction spatial direction, parallel to each other. A third spatial direction, which is perpendicular to the first spatial direction and the second spatial direction, denotes the height direction of the battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ when used as intended.

Accordingly, a battery pack, a battery, or a battery system may include a plurality of battery modules.

The battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ may be prismatic example, cuboid and each a cell housing 110 ₁ ... 110 ₃ , each with a cell bottom 115 ₁ ... 115 ₃ and a cell lid 120 ₁ ... 120 ₃ with two electrical cell connections (cell terminals) 150 ₁ , 155 ₁ ... 150 ₃ , 155 ₃ , for example, aluminum, copper or steel. The cell terminals 150 ₁ ... 150 ₃ can each form a negative electrical pole, and the cell terminals 155 ₁ ... 155 ₃ can each, as in 1 exemplified to form a positive electrical pole. For electrical connection, the electrical cell connections 150 ₁ , 155 ₁ ... 150 ₃ , 155 _3, for example, each comprise a threaded hole. For electrical connection of the battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ to a battery module connectors may, for example, cell connectors 160 ₁₂ , 160 ₂₃ , for example, made of aluminum, copper or steel, serve the cell connections 150 ₁ , 155 ₁ ... 150 ₃ , 155 _{3 of} the battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ electrically connect together according to the respective requirement. In 1 is an example of a series connection of the battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ shown. For the production of the battery module, the connecting pieces, for example, according to spatial orientation of the battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ , at the cell terminals, for example by means of a laser welded.

The battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ may be formed as primary cells or primary elements that are not rechargeable or as secondary cells that are rechargeable. The secondary cells may be formed, for example, as a lithium-ion battery (lithium battery, lithium-ion battery, Li-ion battery, Li-ion secondary battery) or lithium polymer battery (LiPoly battery, LiPo battery) , The battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ may be formed with an electrode winding (Jelly Roll, JR, Swiss Roll), for example as a lithium-ion accumulator with an electrode winding (JR Li-ion battery). The battery cells 100 . 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ may be formed as a bag cell (Pouch Cell). In this case, a bag (pouch), which serves to receive and store an electrolyte, comprise one, two, three or more electrode coils. Furthermore, a protective envelope may enclose the electrode coil (s) and / or the bag (s). The protective cover may include a durable (bulletproof, bulletproof, bulletproof, bulletproof, ballistic, anti-ballistic, bulletproof) material, for example ballistic fabric, such as ballistic nylon fabric (ballistic nylon). Thus, the electrode coils can be protected against damage from the outside, for example in the event of an accident, and / or during a thermal run through an electrode coil, which can exert considerable forces on adjacent battery cells.

The battery module 10 further comprises a tempering device, comprising a tube or a hose or a plurality of tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ , each comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and a plurality of connecting means or connecting elements 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ , each comprising a plurality of closed channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃₂ . The channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃₂ may each be straight and / or substantially parallel to each other. Alternatively, the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃ , to increase the heat exchange, each curved or wavy, for example sinusoidal be formed, especially if the tube is flexible, so that the temperature control can be formed by a single tube with a continuous channel. The connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ can, as in 1 shown as an example, be identical and / or as a connecting body, the dimensions of which in particular strengths are greater than the diameter of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ , be formed. The variety of connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ is aligned in the first spatial direction such that their channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 _{32 are} aligned and the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ through the plurality of aligned channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃₂ run. This will make the connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ interconnected. The connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ may additionally each attached to each other, for example, clipped, glued, plugged or snapped. Alternatively, the connection means 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 _{32 be} manufactured together and have predetermined breaking points. Depending on the temperature requirement of the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ may be a number of aligned channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃₂ empty or free of pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ remain. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ , for example, by means of clips, spikes, gluing, clamping, soldering, riveting, screwing or welding such as friction welding or ultrasonic welding in each case with the connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 _{32 be} firmly connected. The temperature control can the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ over the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ and connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ , which are in contact with the cell walls and / or cell bottoms, tempering.

The tempering device may further comprise a plurality of connection elements 310 ₁₁ , 310 ₂₁ , 310 ₂₂ for connecting pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ to a tempering system. The connection elements 310 ₁₁ , 310 ₂₁ , 310 ₂₂ are each at one end of the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ arranged.

The tempering device may further comprise a plurality of arch elements 320 ₁₁ , 320 ₂₁ , 320 ₁₂ for connecting the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ with each other. The arch elements 320 ₁₁ , 320 ₂₁ , 320 ₁₂ each include an arc angle of 180 ° and a radius based on the vertical spacing of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 _{32 is} adapted to each other. This allows the temperature control, as in 1 shown by way of example, serpentine or S-shaped in a first flow direction 500 _1, for example, flow in a plane through the temperature control and the number of connection elements 310 ₁₁ , 310 ₂₁ , 310 _{22 be} reduced.

A method of manufacturing the temperature control device may include providing and aligning the connection devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ , 200 ₁₂ ... 200 ₃₂ and providing the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ and placing the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ in the plurality of aligned channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ , 210 ₁₂ ... 210 ₃₂ include. The method may further include providing the terminal elements 310 ₁₁ , 310 ₂₁ , 310 ₂₂ and each attaching to one end of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ include. The method may further include providing the arch members and securing each end to an end of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ . The steps can be grouped and / or the order of the steps adjusted.

2 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 20 according to another embodiment of the invention.

The battery module 20 is essentially the same as with reference to 1 described battery module 10 , wherein a number of connecting devices 200 ₁₃ ... 200 ₂₃ , 200 ₁₄ ... 200 ₂₄ each aligned in the second spatial direction such that their channels 210 ₁₃ ... 210 _{33 are} aligned and the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₃ ... 300 ₃₃ by the number of aligned channels 210 ₁₃ ... 210 ₃₃ run. As the number of connecting devices 200 ₁₃ ... 200 ₂₃ , 200 ₁₄ ... 200 ₂₄ each having a longitudinal side of the outer battery cells 100 ₁ and 100 _{3 are} in contact, their temperature is improved. The tempering device comprises arch elements 330 ₁₁ ... 330 ₃₁ , comprising a bend angle of 90 ° and a radius arranged on the tubes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ is adapted in the first spatial direction and the second spatial direction and (only) two connection elements 310 ₁₁ , 310 ₂₁ for connecting pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ , 300 ₁₂ ... 300 ₃₂ , 300 ₁₃ ... 300 ₃₃ to the temperature control system.

To improve the temperature of the middle battery cell 100 ₂ , a number of connection means between the (left) outer battery cell 100 ₁ and the middle battery cell 100 ₂ and / or and the middle battery cell 100 ₂ and the (right) outer battery cell 100 ₃ . be arranged. In this case, the temperature control can be adjusted, for example, by means of the respective number of tubes or hoses in the connection devices and / or their cross-sectional area.

3 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 30 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 30 includes a variety of pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , each comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and a plurality of connecting means 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , each comprising a plurality of closed channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . The connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are as in 3 shown as an example, identical prismatic example cuboid connecting body whose thickness is greater than the diameter of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , trained. The walls of the connecting body 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are essentially flat. The connecting body 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ may for example be made as extrusions, castings such as hollow castings or molded parts and / or plastic or metal such as aluminum. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ may each be through an opening in the cross-section of a channel and along the channel in the plurality of closed channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ placeable and possibly, as already with reference to 1 described, be attached. The tempering device 30 may further comprise, as already described above, other facilities or elements such as connection elements and / or arch elements.

4 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 40 according to another embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 40 includes a variety of pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , each comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and a plurality of connecting means 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , each comprising a plurality of open channels or trenches 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . The connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are as in 4 shown as an example, again as identical prismatic, for example cuboid connecting body whose thickness is greater than the diameter of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , trained. The walls of the connecting body 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are, apart from the openings along the open channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ , formed substantially flat. The connecting body 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , as already related to 3 described as extruded parts, castings such as hollow castings or injection molded parts and / or plastic or metal such as aluminum. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ can each through the opening along the channel in the plurality of open channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ placeable and possibly, as already with reference to 1 described, be attached. To place the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , the openings of the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ by (up) bending the connecting body 200 ₁ ... 200 _{3 are} widened and / or the cross sections of pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ by (Zusammen-) pressures are reduced. The tempering device 40 may further comprise, as already described above, other facilities or elements such as connection elements and / or arch elements.

5 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 50 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 50 includes a variety of pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , each comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and a plurality of connecting means 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , each comprising a plurality of open channels or trenches 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . The connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are as in 5 exemplified as identical connecting bands whose thickness is smaller than the diameter of the tubes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , trained. The connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , apart from the areas with the open channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ , be substantially planar. The connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ may be manufactured as bent parts, spring parts or stamped parts and / or comprise plastic or metal such as aluminum. The connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ can be made of a strip material, sheet metal, perforated material or grid material. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ can each through the opening along the channel in the plurality of open channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ placeable and possibly, as already with reference to 1 described, be attached. To place the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , the openings of the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ by (up) bending the connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 _{3 are} widened and / or the cross sections of the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ by (Zusammen-) pressures are reduced. For attachment to the connecting straps 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ , the pipes 300 ₁ ... 300 _3, for example, be widened by means of a mandrel. The attachment results in a tighter connection and thus improves the transfer of heat between the connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ and the pipes 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . The tempering device 50 may further comprise, as already described above, other facilities or elements such as connection elements and / or arch elements.

6 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 60 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 60 is essentially the same as with reference to 5 described tempering 50 , The tempering device 60 further includes a plurality of biasing elements 220 ₁₁₁ ... 220 ₁₃₂ , which on the connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ along the edges of the openings along the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 _{13 is} arranged to generate a mechanical bias on the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ on contact surfaces. The pretensioning elements 220 ₁₁₁ ... 220 ₁₃₂ may be formed, for example, as round, rectangular as well as square, hexagonal or strip-shaped elements, for example gap filling blocks, gap filling pads (gap pads), such as thermally conductive gap pads or soldering meniscus.

7 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 70 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 70 is essentially the same as with reference to 5 described tempering 50 , The connecting bands 200 ₁ ... 200 ₃ are apart from the areas with the open channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ , for generating the mechanical bias on the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ formed bent at the contact surfaces substantially. The contact surfaces are due to the bends substantially in the direction of the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . Even if the battery cells are partially or completely uninsulated, for example on cell bottoms, no short circuit due to condensation may develop between adjacent battery cells.

8th shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 80 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

At the in 8th shown tempering 80 are the connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 _{3 formed} as an angle section, for example, unequal leg L-profile and each comprise two substantially mutually perpendicular legs formed: a fixed leg and a free leg. The channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ are formed as holes in the fixed leg, for example by means of drilling, flow forming or punching. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , as already related to 1 described, be secured in the holes. The free legs are for generating the mechanical bias on the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 _{3 formed} at the contact surfaces in each case substantially bent. The contact surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the direction of the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ . The free leg of a connecting device can be supported on or on the fixed leg of an adjacent connecting device.

In another tempering device according to a further embodiment of the invention, the connecting means may be formed as a T-profile and each comprise two substantially identical and mutually symmetrically formed on a base side leg. The legs can be used to generate the mechanical bias on the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 _{3 may be} formed bent at the Kontaktfächen each substantially.

9 shows a schematic perspective view of a tempering device 90 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The tempering device 90 is similar with respect to 8th described tempering 80 , At the in 9 shown tempering 90 are the connecting devices 200 ₁ ... 200 _{3 formed} as a U-profile in particular isosceles U-profile and each comprise two substantially equal and on a base side mutually parallel legs. The channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ are formed as holes in the legs, for example by means of drilling, flow forming or punching. The pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ , as already related to 1 described, be secured in the holes. The bases are for generating the mechanical bias on the battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 _{3 formed} at the contact surfaces in each case substantially bent. The contact surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the direction of the channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₁₃ for holding the pipes or hoses 300 ₁ ... 300 ₃ .

10 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module 95 according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The battery module 95 includes a plurality of battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 ₃ , referring to 1 substantially correspond to described battery cells, and a tempering, the with reference to 1 described tempering essentially corresponds. The variety of connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ is oriented in the first spatial direction such that its channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 _{32 are} aligned and the pipes or hoses 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ through the plurality of aligned channels 210 ₁₁ ... 210 ₃₂ run, wherein the tempering, with respect to the third spatial direction, in such a way among the plurality of battery cells 100 ₁ ... 100 _{3 is} arranged that each cell bottom 115 ₁ ... 115 ₃ with a connection device 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ can be connected. The connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ can be connected to each other from the tempering device. It can between de connecting devices 200 ₁₁ ... 200 ₃₁ distance means, which may be formed, for example, as rings such as O-rings arranged, for example, be clipped, glued, plugged or snapped. The spacers may be on the tubes 300 ₁₁ ... 300 ₃₁ arranged, for example, be plugged or threaded.

Finally, it is noted that terms such as "comprising" and "having" or the like do not preclude that further elements or steps may be provided. It should also be noted that "a" or "an" does not exclude a multitude. In addition, the features described in connection with the various embodiments may be combined with each other as desired. Finally, it is noted that the reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2012/028927 A2 [0010]

Claims (13)

Tempering device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) for a battery cell ( 100 ), characterized by: - a pipe or a hose ( 300 ), comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and - a plurality of connecting means ( 200 ), each comprising a plurality of channels ( 210 ), for receiving the tube or hose ( 300 ), wherein: - the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placeable such that the tube or hose ( 300 ) in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placeable and the temperature control the battery cell ( 100 ) can temper. The temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to claim 1, wherein: - the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are respectively closed or tubular in the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is formed so that the tube or hose ( 300 ) axially in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placeable, or - the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) each open or trench-shaped in the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is formed so that the tube or hose ( 300 ) radially in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placeable. The temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are identical, - the dimensions of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) to the dimensions of the battery cell ( 100 ), - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are designed such that they the battery cell ( 100 ), - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are each formed, cast, injected or extruded as connecting bodies, or - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are each formed as a connecting band, cut, stamped, bent or extruded. The temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: - a connecting element ( 310 ) at one end of the tube or tube ( 300 ), for connecting the pipe or hose ( 300 ) to a tempering system, or - an arc element ( 320 . 330 ) at another end of the pipe or hose ( 300 ) is arranged for connecting the pipe or hose ( 300 ) with another tube or hose ( 300 ). Battery module ( 10 . 20 ), comprising: - a plurality of battery cells ( 100 ), which are aligned in a spatial direction, and - the temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4. Battery pack, comprising: - the temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, or - the battery module ( 10 . 20 ) according to claim 5. Battery comprising: - the temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, - the battery module ( 10 . 20 ) according to claim 5, or - the battery pack according to claim 6. Battery system, comprising: - the temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, - the battery module ( 10 . 20 ) according to claim 5, - the battery pack according to claim 6, or - the battery according to claim 7. Vehicle, motor vehicle, electric motor vehicle or hybrid vehicle, comprising: - the temperature control device ( 30 ; 40 ; 50 ; 60 ; 70 ; 80 ; 90 ; 200 . 220 . 300 . 310 . 320 . 330 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4 connected to the vehicle, - the battery module ( 10 . 20 ) according to claim 5 connected to the vehicle, - the battery pack according to claim 6 connected to the vehicle, - the battery according to claim 7 connected to the vehicle, or - the battery system according to claim 8 connected to the vehicle. Method for tempering a battery cell ( 100 ), characterized by: - providing a tube or tube ( 300 ), comprising a channel for receiving a temperature control, and - providing a plurality of connecting means ( 200 ), each comprising a plurality of channels ( 210 ), for receiving the tube or hose ( 300 ) where: - the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placed such that the tube or tube ( 300 ) in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is placed and the temperature control the battery cell ( 100 ) tempered. The method of claim 10, wherein: - the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are respectively closed or tubular in the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is formed so that the tube or hose ( 300 ) axially in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ), or - the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) each open or trench-shaped in the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) is formed so that the tube or hose ( 300 ) radially in the plurality of channels ( 210 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) can be placed. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein: - the connection means ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are formed identically, or - the dimensions of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) to the dimensions of the battery cell ( 100 ), - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are formed such that they the battery cell ( 100 ), - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are each formed, poured, injected or extruded as connecting bodies, or - the connecting devices ( 200 ) of the plurality of connecting devices ( 200 ) are each formed as a connecting band, cut, stamped, bent or extruded. The method according to one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising: providing a connection element ( 310 ) at one end of the tube or tube ( 300 ), for connecting the pipe or hose ( 300 ) to a tempering system, or - providing an arch element ( 320 . 330 ) at another end of the pipe or hose ( 300 ) is arranged, for connecting the pipe or hose ( 300 ) with another tube or hose ( 300 ).

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