DE102014110195A1 - Vehicle assembly with a capacitive sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

An illustrative assembly includes a body panel and a capacitive sensor. The body panel is movable between an open position and a closed position relative to a closure of a vehicle body. The sensor is positioned on the body panel such that at least a portion of the sensor is perpendicular to the closure of the vehicle body as the body panel moves between the open and closed positions. The sensor capacitively couples to an electrically conductive object near the closure of the vehicle body so that the capacitance of the sensor changes.

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

This application is a partial follow-up of US Application No. 13 / 221,167 filed August 30, 2011; which is a partial follow-up of US Application No. 13 / 084,611 filed April 12, 2011; which is a partial follow-up of US Application No. 12 / 942,294 filed on Nov. 9, 2010; which is a partial follow-up of US Application No. 12 / 784,010 filed May 20, 2010; which is a partial follow-up of US Application No. 12 / 545,178 filed on August 21, 2009; the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Also the U.S. Patents No. 7,513,166 and 7,342,373 are hereby incorporated by reference.

Technical area

The subject matter of this document relates to object detection and pinch protection for vehicles.

Summary

An illustrative assembly includes a body panel and a capacitive sensor. The body panel is movable between an open position and a closed position relative to a closure of a vehicle body. The sensor is positioned on the body panel such that at least a portion of the sensor is perpendicular to the closure of the vehicle body as the body panel moves between the open and closed positions. The sensor capacitively couples to an electrically conductive object near the closure of the vehicle body so that the capacitance of the sensor changes.

The various features and advantages of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.

Brief description of the drawings

1A FIG. 12 illustrates a side view of a vehicle lift flap assembly with a lift flap; FIG.

1B represents a back view of the in 1A shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

2 FIG. 12 illustrates a side view of a vehicle lift flap assembly having a lift flap and a visor thereon, the visor being equipped with a capacitance sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

3A provides an inside view of the screen and the sensor in 2 shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

3B represents an oblique interior view of the screen and the sensor in 2 shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

4A FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of a vehicle lift flap assembly having a lift flap and a visor thereon, the visor being equipped with a capacitance sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

4B represents the cross section "4B" of 4A wherein the sensor is designed for detecting an electrically conductive as well as an electrically non-conductive object;

5 FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of a vehicle door assembly having an interior door panel and capacitance sensors according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

6 FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the sensors of FIG 5 shown vehicle door assembly is;

7A to 7D FIG. 12 illustrates various views of a keyless entry vehicle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

8A and 8B FIG. 12 illustrates various views of a keyless entry vehicle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

9 FIG. 12 illustrates a keyless entry vehicle assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

10 provides an enlarged view of the optical fiber assembly of 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

11A . 11B and 11C respectively represent cross-sectional views of the body portion of the optical fiber assembly of in 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

12 represents the insertion of the key display in the body portion of the optical fiber assembly in 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

13 represents a variant of in 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

14 represents another variant of in 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

15 and 16 each provide two different exemplary ways to connect the in 9 shown vehicle assembly with keyless access to a PCB;

17 represents an alternative variant of the optical fiber assembly of 9 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

18 represents the connection of in 17 shown alternative variant of the vehicle assembly with keyless access with a vehicle structure;

19 FIG. 10 illustrates an exploded view of a sighting panel assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

20 represents a section of the sensor in 19 shown screen assembly;

21 FIG. 12 illustrates an exploded view of a keyless entry vehicle assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

22 provides a cross-sectional view and a detailed view of in 21 shown keyless entry vehicle assembly;

23 FIG. 12 illustrates an exploded view of a keyless entry vehicle assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. and

24 and 25 provide a cross-sectional view and a detailed view of in 23 shown assembly;

26A FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention for use with one or more sensors described herein; FIG.

26B FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention for use with one or more sensors described herein; FIG.

27 . 28 and 29 illustrate, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, examples of waveforms that indicate when a desired operation is requested by a user;

30 . 31 and 32 illustrate, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, examples of signal measurements that do not correspond to the waveforms indicative of proper operator requirements;

33A FIG. 12 illustrates a side view of a vehicle lift flap assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

33B represents a back view of the in 33A shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

34 represents another side view of the in 33A and 33B shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

35A represents a perspective view of the lift flap and the screen thereon in 33A shown vehicle lift flap assembly;

35B represents the cross section "35B" of 35A wherein the sensor along the edge of the lift flap and the screen is designed for the detection of an electrically conductive and electrically non-conductive object;

36 FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the sensor along the edge of the liftgate and the visor of FIG 35A group;

37 FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a bumper assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

38 FIG. 12 illustrates an exploded view of a trim panel assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. and

39 FIG. 12 illustrates a perspective view of a vehicle with sensors described herein. FIG.

Detailed description

Regarding 1A and 1B is a vehicle lift flap assembly 10 with a lift-up flap 12 shown. The lift flap 12 is about a cylinder 14 or the like with a body panel 16 connected to a vehicle. The cylinder 14 includes a piston rod that extends to the lift flap 12 in an open position with respect to the body panel 16 to move, and retracts to the lift flap 12 in a closed position relative to the body panel 16 to move (the lift flap 12 is in the closed position in 1A shown as a dashed line). A capacity sensor 18 is along the body sheet 16 appropriate. The sensor 18 is operable there, the presence of an electrically conductive object such as a in the opening between the lifting flap 12 and the body sheet 16 To grasp the protruding body part of a human, when the object in the vicinity of the body panel 16 is.

The sensor 18 is part of a anti-jamming system that includes a controller. The sensor 18 generally comprises separate first and second electrically conductive conductors with a dielectric element disposed therebetween. The conductors are at different voltage potentials with respect to each other, with one of the conductors typically pulled to ground. The sensor 18 has a capacitance associated with it, which is a function of the different voltage potentials applied to the conductors. The capacity of the sensor 18 changes in response to physically moving the conductors relative to each other, e.g. B. if an object (either an electrically conductive or an electrically non-conductive) the sensor 18 touched. Similarly, the capacitance of the sensor also changes 18 when an electrically conductive object in the vicinity of the head of the sensor 18 that is not grounded. As such, the sensor 18 functioning, an object on the sensor 18 (ie the sensor 18 touching object) and / or the presence of an object near the sensor 18 (ie an object in the vicinity of the sensor 18 ) capture.

The controller is connected to the sensor 18 in data connection to the capacity of the sensor 18 to monitor. If the capacity of the sensor 18 indicates that an object is near the sensor 18 is located or touched (ie, an object is near the vehicle body panel 16 at which the sensor 18 is attached or touched), the controller controls the lift flap 12 accordingly over the cylinder 14 , The controller controls the lift flap 12 For example, to stop the movement in the closing direction when the sensor 18 the presence of an object near the sensor 18 detected. In this case, the object may be a human, such as a child, and the controller will hold the closing movement of the liftgate 12 to prevent it from pinching the child when closing it. In this case, the controller can control the lift flap 12 moreover, so as to cause it to move in the opening direction, so that the child may have enough space to be between the vehicle and the hoist 12 to move. Instead of the body sheet 16 to be attached as in 1A and 1B shown is the sensor 18 on a closing element such as on the lifting flap 12 or be attached to any other closure opening at which an anti-trap protection is required. That means that the sensor 18 on the body sheet 16 or on a closing element such as the lifting flap 12 or at any closure opening where pinch protection is desired or required.

Regarding 2 and further reference to 1A and 1B is a side view of a vehicle lift flap assembly 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lift flap assembly 20 has a lift flap 12 on between an open and closed position relative to the vehicle body panel 16 is movable. The lift flap assembly 20 has a sensor 18 up, along the bodywork panel 16 is mounted and is operable to detect the presence of an electrically conductive object, which in the opening between the lifting flap 12 and the body sheet 16 protrudes when the object is the sensor 18 touched or close to it.

The lift flap assembly 20 is different from the one in 1A and 1B shown Hubklappenbaugruppe 10 in that the lift flap 12 the lift flap assembly 20 an inner screen 22 with a capacitance sensor 24 includes. The screen 22 is on the inner surface of the lift flap 12 appropriate. The sensor 24 is on the inner surface of the screen 22 attached, which faces the vehicle interior, when the lift flap 12 closed is. As such, the sensor is located 24 between the screen 22 and the lift flap 12 , Alternatively, the sensor may 24 inside the screen 22 or on an outside surface of the screen 22 to be appropriate. That means that the sensor 24 inside of the screen 22 or outside of the screen 22 can be attached.

Just like the sensor 18 is the sensor 24 Part of an anti-jamming system comprising a controller and operative therefrom, the presence of an electrically conductive object such as a human body part in the vicinity of the sensor 24 capture. The sensor 24 has an electrically conductive conductor such as the first conductor of the sensor 18 but has none another conductor such as the second conductor of the sensor 18 , In general, the conductor of the sensor couples 24 (ie the sensor 24 self) capacitively to an electrically conductive object located near the sensor 24 is located or touched while the sensor 24 is driven with an electric charge. The controller is in data communication with the sensor 24 to the capacitive coupling of the sensor 24 to monitor the object. Upon detection of the capacitive coupling of the sensor 24 The controller determines that an object is in the vicinity of the sensor 24 is located or touched (if the sensor 24 exposed to contact). In return, the controller controls the lift flap 12 accordingly.

Because the sensor 24 on the screen 22 attached to the lifting flap 12 is attached, the sensor is 24 functioning to detect the presence of an electrically conductive object in the opening between the lift flap 12 and the vehicle body protrudes when the object of the screen 22 is close (unlike in the case when the object the vehicle body panel 16 is close, like this through the sensor 18 provided). As such, the sensor expands 24 the possibilities of anti-pinch protection compared to that of the Hubklappenbaugruppe 10 for detecting the presence of an object in the travel path of the lifting flap 12 , For example, the sensor 24 that is inside the screen 22 is the presence of one under an open lift flap 12 Detect standing person to prevent the screen 22 (and thereby the lift flap 12 ) The person touches when the liftgate 12 closes. For this purpose, when the detection is made, the controller stops the downward movement and reverses the movement of the lift flap 12 back to the open position. If desired, the sensor 24 and the controller is designed to monitor whether a person is in the immediate vicinity of the liftgate 12 is located to prevent the liftgate 12 opens. This detection, for example, prevents a person such as a child from accidentally falling out of the vehicle when the liftgate 12 partially open. An alternative location for the sensor 24 For example, it could be along each outer edge of the liftgate opening.

Regarding 3A and 3B and further reference to 2 are interior views of the screen 22 and the sensor 24 the vehicle lift flap assembly 20 shown. As stated above, the sensor is 24 on the inner surface of the screen 22 attached, which faces the vehicle interior, when the lift flap 12 closed is. That means that the sensor 24 on the inner surface of the screen 22 attached is that of the lift flap 12 farthest away. 3A and 3B put this inner surface of the screen 22 represents.

As in 3A and 3B is shown is the sensor 24 formed from an array of electrically conductive strips extending over the inner surface of the screen 22 are arranged vertically and horizontally. Strips of the sensor 24 are electrically connected together and together form the head of the sensor 24 (ie the whole of the strips forms the sensor 24 ). Strips of the sensor 24 extend over said inner surface of the screen 22 and follow the contour of the screen 22 , In this embodiment, the screen is 22 made of a non-conductive plastic material, causing the sensor 24 the presence of conductive objects through the screen 22 can capture through.

The sensor 24 can be on the outside surface of the screen 22 be attached, which faces the vehicle interior directly when the lift flap 12 closed is. By attaching the sensor to the inner surface of the screen 22 is the sensor 24 however invisible to a user and protected from possible damage. The sensor 24 can be attached to any surface of the screen 22 also over-injected, which allows additional protection against damage caused by assembly or other machining operation.

The strips of the sensors 24 can also be brought into other arrangement patterns, using angle or curvature combinations that may further optimize object detection objectives. For customization and improvement of object detection performance, the sensor 24 individually adapted and applied in any sophisticated pattern. The distance between the respective strips is sufficiently large to provide a continuous object detection area over the surface of the screen 22 to ensure. Other designs instead of strips of the sensor 24 include a continuous layer of electrically conductive material such as copper or aluminum foil, a conductive assembly or a conductive sieve-like structure that is stamped, woven or braided, a plurality of conductive decor-like configurations that surround the inner surface of the shade 22 are laid and interconnected electrically, etc. The strips of the sensor 24 are made of copper, but may also be made of other materials, including carbon-based inks, fabrics, plastics, elastomers, or other metals such as aluminum, brass, bronze, and the like. There is Various known methods to achieve electrical conductivity in fabrics, plastics and elastomers. The conductive material may be applied to the plastic or incorporated into a carrier, which then enters the mold to form the sensor 24 is inserted.

As indicated above, the strips of the sensor form 24 electrically connected together, a conductor operating like a first conductive plate of a capacitor. Such a capacitor has a second conductive plate, the plates being separated from each other by a material, such as a dielectric element. In contrast to such a capacitor is the sensor 24 constructed without a second conductive plate, and without that would be pulled electrically to ground. Instead, the metal construction of the liftgate functions 12 as the second conductive plate and provides a shield of the sensor 24 against a stray capacitance influence.

The sensor 24 may alternatively be constructed using multiple layers of conductors, each separated by a nonconductive material. A ground layer of conductive material placed behind the other layers may be used to optionally provide additional shielding.

The screen made of rigid material 22 limits the sensor 24 to the effect that electrically non-conductive objects can not be detected. This is because of the stiffness of the screen 22 prevents it from shifting when an object blocks the screen 22 touched. Also the sensor 24 can not move towards the metal structure of the liftgate 12 move if the object is the screen 22 touched. If an electrically non-conductive object is the screen 22 touched, so there is no change in the capacitance between the sensor 24 and lift flap 12 , For both the detection mode of an electrically conductive and the detection mode of an electrically non-conductive object, the sensor 24 on the outer surface of the screen 22 to be appropriate. In this case, by a the sensor 24 touching object (electrically conductive or electrically non-conductive) of the sensor 24 triggered (ie it causes a change in the capacitance between the sensor 24 and the metal construction of the lift flap 12 ), which is due to the fact that the sensor 24 is compressed (ie the sensor 24 shifts to the lift flap 12 HIN). Likewise, a sensor 24 attached to the inner surface of the screen 22 is attached, a the screen 22 Capture a touching object when the screen 22 as flexible and / or compressible as possible is that the sensor 24 to the lift flap 12 can shift towards.

Regarding 4A and 4B is a vehicle lift flap assembly 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lift flap assembly 40 is the lift flap assembly 20 similar in that respect as the Hubklappenbaugruppe 40 a lift flap 12 and a screen located thereon 22 that has a sensor 24 features. The lift flap assembly 40 is different than the lift valve assembly 20 Run that section of the screen 22 the lift flap assembly 40 designed so that the sensor 24 In the vicinity of this portion of the screen can detect both an electrically conductive and an electrically non-conductive object. As in 4B shown is the sensor 24 lie at a distance to the trim panel.

For this an element (eg a strip) of the sensor is 24 on the inner surface of a peripheral region of the screen 22 directly along an edge of the lift flap 12 positioned and from the liftgate 12 through a spacer 26 separated. The spacer 26 is constructed of an electrically non-conductive material and is compressible. As described above, the metal construction forms the lift flap 12 the electrical mass used for the sensor 24 shield against a stray capacitive influence. This configuration is an example of the screen 22 to the outermost edges of the lift flap 12 expand the presence of an object in the travel of the lift valve 12 to detect when the liftgate 12 closes. The spacer 26 made of a compressible material such. Example, an open-cell or closed-cell foam rubber or other similar materials, it allows the edge region of the sensor 24 (and the edge of the screen 22 ) spatially closer to the metallic ground of the lift flap 12 when an object approaches the edge of the screen 22 touched. The spacer 26 may be continuous or made up of smaller sections arranged along the area to be sensed, which causes movement of the peripheral areas of the screen 22 and the sensor 24 allows, if a pressure load exists.

The sensor 24 can detect electrically conductive objects that are near the edge of the sensor 24 or touch it, and can detect electrically non-conductive objects that surround the edge of the sensor 24 touch. In particular, the sensor 24 by the capacitive coupling of the edge region of the sensor 24 to the object an electrically conductive object near the edge region of the sensor 24 to capture. Of the sensor 24 can detect an object touching the edge region of the screen (electrically conductive or electrically non-conductive), in that the touch causes the capacitance of the sensor 24 with the metal construction of the lift flap 12 because of the displacement of the edge region of the sensor 24 towards the lift flap 12 changes. The spacer 26 is compressed so that the edge area of the sensor 24 to the lift flap 12 can shift towards.

The applications of the sensor 24 are not on screens 22 of lift flap assemblies 20 . 40 limited. In addition to detecting the presence of an object for purposes of anti-jamming protection, the sensor 24 also positioned behind any non-electrically conductive surface and configured to sense the presence, position or movement (eg, gesture) of an electrically conductive object, such as a human subject. The sensor 24 and its control may serve as an interface between an operator and a vehicle to enable the user to control various vehicle functions requiring human intervention. The controller may be designed to be so sensitive to the position of a human finger in close proximity to the sensor 24 before an actual keystroke or other type of user activation occurs. For example, it may be desirable to initiate a sequence of operations by placing a finger or a hand in the vicinity of a series of sensors 24 ("Touchpads"), followed by a specific activation command as soon as a function has been found. The initial finger positioning may serve keyboards or the like that are the series of sensors 24 are lit with a first intensity without causing the activation of a command. As the interface increases due to increased finger pressure, the signal will increase, allowing control to distinguish between a positioning function and an activation command function. The confirmation of the selection, apart from the activation of the desired function, may be designed to increase the illuminance or enhance an audible or tactile feedback such as a vibration. Every sensor 24 ("Touchpad") can have various acoustic and haptic properties to differentiate the workflows specific workflows.

Regarding 5 and 6 now becomes a vehicle door assembly 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle door assembly 50 represents an application of a sensor 24 in an environment other than a vehicle lift flap assembly. The assembly 50 includes an inner door panel 52 and a series of sensors 24 , 5 provides a perspective view of the vehicle door assembly 50 and 6 a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the sensors 24 ,

The sensors 24 the vehicle door assembly 50 are each formed by their own conductor and not directly electrically connected. As such, each sensor forms 24 a single touchpad associated with a separate touch area in which the object detection of a sensor 24 not from the object detection of another sensor 24 depends. The sensors 24 are arranged in a matrix and operate independently of each other, as well as an array of mechanical switches that conventionally control vehicle functions such as raising and lowering windows, locking and unlocking doors, positioning mirrors, and so on.

The inner door panel 52 has a pull handle 56 and a bezel assembly 58 which together form an armrest part of the door panel 52 form. The sensors 24 are individually at the bottom of the bezel assembly 58 attached. Every sensor 24 has a large enough area to detect a human finger near this sensor. The object detection by a sensor 24 occurs when a body part of a user such as a hand or a finger in the sensitivity range directly above this sensor 24 arrives. By placing several sensors 24 at the bottom of the bezel assembly 58 A sensor matrix is created which is similar to an arrangement of mechanical switches. These sensors 24 can be designed in many different forms, such as raised areas or recessed contours to prevent inadvertent activation. The addition of the aperture assembly 58 The control circuit of a window regulator reduces the complexity and cost associated with mechanical switches and associated wiring. The power lift / shutdown control can enter the bezel assembly 58 be integrated; if necessary, the control may also be a remote control if required by the vehicle construction or assembly.

With a short reference to 2 can be a second sensor 24a located on the outside surface of the tailgate (ie the liftgate 12 ) of the vehicle is used as an interface for operating the tailgate. In addition, a single control can be used to work with both the anti-jamming sensor 24 when also with the tailgate actuation sensor 24a is linked.

With renewed reference to 5 and 6 includes the bezel assembly 58 a panel 60 , which is made of electrically non-conductive material. The aperture 60 forms the holder for several on its underside (ie on the underside surface 63 the aperture) mounted sensors 24 and allows object detection through its top surface (ie, the top surface 62 the aperture) through. The underside surface 63 the aperture is relatively smooth to the sensors 24 as close as possible to the aperture 60 to be able to attach. However, roughness degrees can also be set up for effective operation. The top surface 62 The iris can have any number of physical characteristics 64 or graphical markers, each one the sensors 24 are assigned (eg aligned with them) to a user in locating the position of a respective sensor 24 and to assist in detecting the function associated therewith.

Every sensor 24 is formed as a thin, electrically conductive plate fixed to the underside surface 63 the aperture is attached. In this design, every sensor is 24 compliant and therefore can the contours of the surface of the aperture 60 be adapted to the following, to which the sensor is attached. For positioning and mounting as well as for minimizing air gaps between the sensors 24 and the diaphragm surface may be an adhesive between the sensors 24 and the surface of the aperture 60 be applied. Alternatively, the sensors 24 in the aperture 60 be formed, which eliminates the need for an adhesive or other mechanical fastening. Another alternative is that every sensor 24 is arranged as an element that is attached directly to a printed circuit board (PCB) 66 (ie a controller) is attached and then up to the bottom surface 63 extends the aperture and may touch them. In this arrangement, the sensors 24 in direct physical and electrical contact with the PCB 66 or by using a connecting conductor in indirect contact with the PCB 66 be.

Every sensor 24 can be made of an electrically conductive material such. As foam, metal, conductive plastic, or of a non-conductive element having a conductive coating applied thereto. The structure of the sensors 24 Materials used should be compressible to account for tolerance additions that are a normal part of any assembly with more than one component. The compressibility of the sensors ensures that the contact between the diaphragm 60 and the PCB 66 is maintained. In the event that the aperture 60 from behind it could act as a sensor 24 a light guide with a conductive coating applied thereto may be used.

The sensors 24 can be constructed of materials with a low electrical resistance, ie conventional metals such as copper or aluminum. Also, other low electrical resistance materials may be used, such as conductive plastics, epoxies, coatings, printing inks, or metallic coatings. The sensors 24 may be preformed to resemble decors, emblems, stickers, labels, and the like. The sensors 24 can be applied as coatings on surfaces or etched from galvanized surfaces.

If they are sensitive materials, the sensors can 24 by a non-conductive reinforcing layer 68 such as polyester film, fiberglass, paper, rubber or the like, are mounted and protected during installation. In applications where multiple scan areas are required, the gain layer can 68 to assist in this, the sensors 24 at the aperture 60 to position and anchor.

With reference to 6 it is the reinforcing layer 68 around a flexible circuit with copper pads that cover the touchpads of the sensors 24 form (ie each sensor 24 has a copper pad). The reinforcement layer 68 has separate copper wires, each with a corresponding sensor 24 electrically connected (in 7B shown). The reinforcement layer 68 provides an electrical connection to the PCB 66 so every sensor 24 electrically to the signal conditioning electronics of the PCB 66 connected. In an alternative design, the reinforcement layer 68 and the PCB 66 combined into a single circuit board, which both the touchpad of the sensors 24 as well as the signal conditioning electronics.

To a sensor 24 to activate, the user places a finger on the associated marking 64 on the surface of the panel 60 , The electronic signal conditioning circuit of the PCB 66 that with the sensor 24 is switched, then processes the input signal from the sensor 24 and closes circuit connections to activate the commanded function. The process is similar to pressing a mechanical switch to close an electrical circuit.

By the placement of the sensors 24 behind a non-conductive protective cover such as the bezel 60 creates a protective barrier between Users and the sensors 24 that the sensors 24 protects against contamination from the environment. The sensors 24 can be mounted on the back of virtually any non-conductive protective cover, and are preferably flexible enough to accommodate the complex geometries where operator switching functions are required. The sensors 24 may optionally be contoured and configured from stiffer materials. Examples of mounting locations for switches in a vehicle include door panels, armrests, instrument panels, center consoles, head-end consoles, interior trim panels, exterior door components, and the like. The sensors 24 can be arranged individually or grouped as keypads.

The sensors 24 may be arranged in patterns of successive sensing elements which are either electrically isolated or interconnected to provide ergonomically pleasing control surfaces.

Referring to 7A to 7D and with further reference to 5 and 6 become different views of a vehicle assembly 70 with keyless entry according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle assembly 70 keyless entry is an example of an automotive application involving sensors 24 involved. The sensors 24 the vehicle assembly 70 Keyless access acts as a touchpad to activate a vehicle keyless entry. In addition to the sensors 24 includes the vehicle assembly 70 with keyless entry an aperture 60 , a reinforcing layer 68 and a PCB 66 (ie a controller). The sensors 24 are together with the reinforcement layer 68 designed as a flexible circuit, the individual conductive coatings for the touchpad of the sensors 24 used. The reinforcement layer 68 provides respective electrical connections between the sensors 24 and the signal conditioning electronics on the PCB 66 ago.

The vehicle assembly 70 keyless entry is an example of a product requiring backlighting. As such, the sensors have to 24 to be able to transmit light. Accordingly, in this design, the aperture 60 from a molded transparent or translucent, non-conductive material such as a polycarbonate derived from GE Plastics of the variety Lexan ^® 141. The PCB 66 also has light sources 67 for lighting up. The light sources 67 are at respective sections of the PCB 66 arranged so that they are each connected to a corresponding sensor 24 adjoin. For the aperture 60 It is also possible to use other resins or materials that meet the application requirements, including properties relating to acceptable light transmission. The sensors 24 are at the bottom 68a the reinforcement layer 68 attached. The top 68b the reinforcement layer 68 is in turn on the inner surface of the panel 60 using an adhesive 72 attached. The top 68b the reinforcement layer 68 has characters 64 on that the position of the associated sensors 24 display and mark the assigned function. The bottom 68a or the top 68b the reinforcement layer 68 has individual tracks 74 on to an electrical connection between the sensors 24 and the PCB 66 manufacture. The connection between the reinforcement layer 68 and the PCB 66 exists in a flat cable 76 that the conductor tracks 74 contains. This interconnection can also be accomplished using other carriers such as individual wires, headers, and the like. In each of the designs, the sensors can 24 applied directly to the surface to be touched for activation. For their protection and for reasons of wear resistance are the sensors 24 however, at the back of the touch surface.

Every sensor 24 the vehicle assembly 70 with keyless entry can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO), which is optically transparent and electrically conductive and has an electrical resistance of sixty ohms / square. Other electrically conductive materials such as foam, elastomer, plastic or a non-conductive structure with a conductive coating applied thereto can be used to produce a sensor 24 which is transparent or translucent and can conduct electricity. Conductive materials that are opaque, such as metal, plastic, foam, elastomer, carbon inks, or other coatings, can be hollowed out to pass light at the desired location, while the remaining perimeter of the material acts as a sensor 24 acts.

An ITO-made, optically transparent and electrically conductive sensor 24 can produce a color shift when light passes through the sensor and through the bezel to which the sensor is attached. This color shift is a result of the optical quality and reflection of the optical distance between the front ITO surface of the sensor and the rear ITO surface of the sensor. To preclude the light transmission errors between the various ITO layers, a transparent coating is applied to the back ITO surface to initially diffract the light, thereby eliminating the color difference on the front surface of the sensor between the front and back ITO surfaces of the sensor can be seen. In addition, an acrylic coating can be applied to the sensor to give the exposed ITO material a protective coating and durability.

With reference to 2 and with further reference to the other figures, as described above, a second sensor 24a on the outside surface of a vehicle opening such as a loading opening (ie tailgate 12 ) is used as an interface for actuating the vehicle opening. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a keyless entry assembly includes a sensor such as one of the sensors described herein 24 to be arranged on the outer surface of a vehicle opening and to be used as an interface for the operation (ie opening and closing, unlocking and locking) of the vehicle opening. As an alternative to the tailgate, the vehicle opening may be a door, a trunk lid or any other opening of a vehicle that may be made of a metal construction. For the explanation below, it is assumed that the vehicle opening is a decklid and said keyless entry assembly has a sensor 24 which is placed on the outside of the boot lid and behind a non-conductive protective cover such as the visor 60 is arranged.

The present module with keyless entry also has in addition to the sensor 24 a control on. The controller is then operable to unlock the trunk lid. The controller is for monitoring the capacity of the sensor 24 in data communication with this to determine if an object (including an operator) is the sensor 24 touches or an electrically conductive object (such as the operator) in the vicinity of the sensor 24 located. When the controller determines that an operator is the sensor 24 touched or in the vicinity, the controller derives from the fact that the operator is at least in the vicinity of the trunk lid. After deriving the fact that a user is at least in the vicinity of the boot lid, the controller controls the boot lid accordingly. For example, if the boot lid is closed and an operator touches or comes near it, the controller unlocks the boot lid. The operator can then open the boot lid (or the boot lid can be opened automatically) to gain access to it.

As such, the present keyless entry assembly may be implemented by touch-enabled or non-contact activation to release the decklid. An example of touch activation is when a user activates the sensor 24 touched. An example of non-contact activation is when a user approaches the sensor 24 goes. As below with reference to 8A and 8B further described, another example is non-contact activation in a sequence of operations, for example, when a user contacts the sensor 24 approaching and then withdrawing from him within a certain time.

In both touch-triggered and non-contact activation, the present keyless entry assembly may include a mechanism for detecting the user's authorization to activate the decklid. For this purpose, the controller may be operated to poll the key fob, the user having to be in possession of a key fob to allow the controller to determine the user's authority in a manner known to those skilled in the art. That is, the user must be at least near the trunk lid and in possession of an authorized key fob (i.e., the user must have the proper identification) before activation by touch or non-contact activation.

In operation, a user equipped with the key fob approaches, for example, a trunk lid to which the sensor 24 is appropriate. The user then touches the sensor 24 or get near it. In turn, the controller adjusts based on the resulting capacity of the sensor 24 determines that an object touches or is in the vicinity of the trunk lid. The controller then transmits a keyfob query to which the keyfob responds. If the answer matches what the controller expects (ie, the key fob is an authorized key fob), the controller unlocks the boot lid so that the user can gain access to the trunk. On the other hand, if there is no response or the response does not match what the controller expects (ie, the key fob is not an authorized key fob), the controller continues to lock the trunk lid.

Another feature of the present keyless entry assembly described below with reference to FIG 8A and 8B is described in more detail, is that the sensor 24 in the form of an emblem, decoration, logo or the like (for example "emblem"), as has already been explained here. Such an emblem (ie sensor 24 ) may represent or denote the vehicle to which the sensor 24 assigned. As such, that can emblem 24 depending on the manufacturer and model of the vehicle have different structures, shapes and characteristics.

The sensor 24 The present keyless entry assembly may also be capable of transmitting light in a manner as previously described. Accordingly, the present keyless entry assembly may further include a light source, such as one of the light sources 67 that the sensor 24 assigned. In this case, the controller may be operated to drive the light source to the sensor 24 (ie the emblem) to illuminate.

Consider the preceding description of this module with keyless entry 8A and 8B different views of such an assembly 80 with keyless entry according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The assembly 80 with keyless entry has a sensor assembly 82 and a controller (not shown). The controller is in data communication with the sensor module 82 and functions to control vehicle functions such as locking and unlocking a vehicle opening (eg, the trunk lid of a vehicle). 8A is a view of the sensor assembly 82 , which is provided on the outer surface of the trunk lid. 8B is a view showing a cross section of the sensor assembly 82 shows. The sensor assembly 82 includes two sensors (ie a first sensor 24a and a second sensor 24b ). The first sensor 24a is in 8B denoted by "S1" and the second sensor 24b is in 8B denoted by "S2". The sensors 24a . 24b are each located at different sections of the sensor assembly 82 , As in 8A and 8B is shown, for example, is the first sensor 24a on the left side of the sensor assembly 82 and the second sensor 24b on the right side of the sensor assembly 82 ,

The sensors 24a . 24b are electrically connected or connected to a PCB as described herein. As such, the sensors 24a . 24b electrically not connected to each other. The first sensor 24a becomes active when an object is near the first sensor 24a is located, and the second sensor 24b becomes active when an object is near the second sensor 24b located. In a similar way, only the first sensor 24a active when an object is near the first sensor 24a and not near the second sensor 24b located. Similarly, only the second sensor becomes 24b active when an object is near the second sensor 24b and not near the first sensor 24a is. The activation of a sensor like the sensors 24a . 24b depends on the capacitance of the sensor as a result of an object getting at least near the sensor. For example, if an object is near both sensors 24a . 24b but closer to the first sensor 24a as at the second sensor 24b is, so shows the first sensor 24a a stronger activation than the second sensor 24b ,

The sensor assembly 82 also has a non-conductive protective cover 84 such as a shutter 60 on. The sensors 24a . 24b are at the bottom of the bezel 84 appropriate. The aperture 84 allows object detection through its top. The sensor assembly 82 also has a top layer 86 on that over the aperture 84 is positioned. The top layer 86 is in the form of an emblem or logo representing the vehicle. In this example, the top layer indicates 86 two cutouts, each containing a sensor 24a . 24b located. As such, the sensors 24a . 24b shaped so that they match the emblem layout of the top layer 86 spatially adapt.

The assembly 80 with keyless entry is an example of the use of sensors (ie the sensor assembly 82 ) in conjunction with a control for operating a trunk lid when a user is near the sensor assembly 82 is or touches. Moreover, as described herein, the operation of the trunk lid may depend on the authenticity of the user (ie, whether the user is in possession of an authorized key fob). In the manner described above, the sensor assembly 82 be used so that the release of the boot lid is done either by activation by touch or by a non-contact activation. At the contactless activation puts the sensor assembly 82 an example of a proximity switch that does not require you to use your arms.

A specific application of the sensor assembly 82 Non-contact activation involves a sequence of operations by the user relative to the sensor assembly 82 be executed to control the operation of the boot lid. The control of the module 80 For example, keyless entry may be designed to allow a user to first access the sensor assembly 82 approach and then within a certain period of time from the sensor assembly 82 must step back so that the controller unlocks the boot lid. Such a sequence of user actions is very effective in the form of body gestures of the user. Thus, an expected sequence of body gestures of the user User effectively a virtual code for unlocking the boot lid. That is, the controller unlocks the boot lid in response to a user an expected sequence of body gestures with respect to the sensor assembly 82 performs. Depending on whether the possession of an authorized key fob for unlocking the boot lid is required, it is mandatory for the user that he has an authorized key fob.

A more complicated example of an expected sequence of body gestures of the user is when the user is near the sensor assembly 82 begins, then moves backward, then to the left, then to the right, etc. For a better understanding, another example of an expected sequence of body gestures of the user is that the user is in proximity to the sensor assembly 82 begins, then moves away, approaches again, etc. It may be necessary for the steps of each sequence to occur within certain time periods. As can be seen, various expected sequences of body gestures of a user effectively represent different virtual codes for controlling the trunk lid.

The assembly 80 with keyless entry gives the user the ability to "personalize" the sensor assembly 82 to program the controller with the expected sequence of body gestures of the user required to control the boot lid. The personalization of the sensor assembly 82 With an expected sequence of user body gestures, the controller effectively provides a virtual code that must subsequently be entered by the user (by progressively executing the expected sequence of user body gestures) for the controller to unlock the trunk lid.

The requirement that a sequence of body gestures of the user (ie user body gestures according to a certain pattern and within a certain time) must take place to control the actuation of the boot lid is made possible by the sensors 24a . 24b be different depending on the proximity of the user to the respective sensor active. Again, a particular sensor 24a . 24b active when a user is near this sensor, and the sensors 24a . 24b are not activated when the user is not near the respective sensor. In the former case, the sensors 24a . 24b activated when a user is near the sensors 24a . 24b (which happens when a user is near both sensors 24a . 24b embarks). In the latter case, the sensors 24a . 24b not activated when the user is out of the vicinity of the sensors 24a . 24b is (which is the case when a user of the sensors 24a . 24b withdraws far enough).

As indicated above, the amount depends on the intensity of activation of a sensor, such as the sensor 24a or 24b from the proximity of a user to the sensor. For example, the first sensor has 24a a stronger activation than the second sensor 24b when the user is the first sensor 24a closer than the second sensor 24b , So in this case, the controller determines that the user is the first sensor 24a closer than the second sensor 24b , That is, the controller determines that the user has moved to the left, having originally been in the vicinity of the sensor assembly 82 was. Similarly, the second sensor shows 24b a stronger activation than the first sensor 24a when the user is the second sensor 24b closer than the first sensor 24a , Thus, in this case, the controller determines that the user is the second sensor 24b closer than the first sensor 24a , That is, the controller determines that the user has moved to the right after initially being in the vicinity of the sensor assembly 82 was.

To improve this particular application of non-contact activation, which requires an expected sequence of body gestures of the user, the sensor assembly points out 82 in addition, several light sources 88 such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on. As in 8A is shown, the sensor assembly 82 for example a first LED 88a , a second LED 88b and a third LED 88c on. The LEDs 88 are electrically connected to the PCB where the sensors are connected 24a . 24b are electrically connected. The LEDs 88 are at the bottom of the bezel 84 attached where the top layer 86 is not available; alternatively, the LEDs are 88 at the bottom of the bezel 84 attached where the top layer is present (as in 8A shown). In any case, the aperture is 84 transparent, allowing light from the LEDs 88 through the aperture 84 can occur. In the latter case, the top layer 86 Cutouts that match the size of the LEDs 88 are dimensioned, and the LEDs 88 are adjacent to each of these cutouts positioned so that light from the LEDs 88 through the aperture 84 and the top layer 86 can get.

The controller is configured to use the LEDs 88 depending on the activation of the sensors 24a . 24b light up or does not light up. In general, the controller controls the LEDs 88 such that: the LEDs 88a . 88b . 88c light up when both sensors 24a . 24b are activated; the LEDs 88a . 88b . 88c not light up when both sensors 24a . 24b are not activated, the first LED 88a lights up when the first sensor 24a is activated, and does not light up when the first sensor 24a is not activated; and the third LED 88c lights up when the second sensor 24b is activated, and does not light up when the second sensor 24b is not activated. More precisely, the controller controls the LEDs so that: the LEDs 88a . 88b . 88c light up when a user is in close range of both sensors 24a . 24b (which is the case when the user is close to the sensor assembly 82 zoom occurs); the LEDs 88a . 88b . 88c does not light up when the user is out of the range of both sensors 24a . 24b (which is the case if the user is far enough away from the sensor assembly 82 recedes); the first LED 88a lights up and the second and third LED 88b . 88c does not light up when the user is in the vicinity of the first sensor 24a is and not just in the outer vicinity of the second sensor 24b stops (which occurs when the user moves to the left while still near the sensor assembly 82 remains); and the third LED 88c lights up and the first and second LED 88a . 88b does not light up when the user is in the vicinity of the second sensor 24b is located and only in the outer vicinity of the first sensor 24a stops (which is the case when the user moves to the right, close to the sensor assembly) 82 remains).

Accordingly, the user can light the LEDs 88a . 88b . 88c as feedback during the execution of a sequence of his body gestures relative to the sensor assembly 82 use it to either the sensor assembly 82 to program (personalize) with the sequence of his body gestures or unlock the trunk lid by performing the sequence of said body gestures.

With reference to 9 and with further reference to 5 and 6 such as 7A to 7D is a vehicle assembly 90 with keyless entry according to another embodiment of the present invention. The assembly 90 keyless entry is intended for use with a user-accessible vehicle part, such as a window, door handle, etc. As an example of the user-accessible vehicle part is a vehicle window glass 92 shown.

The assembly 90 with keyless entry has a sensor assembly 94 on. The sensor assembly 94 includes sensors 24 , In this example, the sensor assembly includes 94 five sensors 24 , just like in the case of 7A to 7D shown vehicle assembly 70 with keyless access is the case. The sensors 24 are electrically isolated from each other and act as touch pads to activate a keyless entry function, as generally and in particular with reference to FIG 7A to 7D described.

The sensor assembly 94 moreover has an electrically non-conductive support 96 such as a plastic film on. The sensors 24 are on a surface of the vehicle 96 applied. As by the broken lines in 9 are displayed, the sensors are 24 on the back of the carrier 96 Applied as the front of the carrier on the disc 92 is to raise. (As an alternative embodiment, the sensors are 24 on the front of the wearer 96 applied.) The carrier 96 includes electrically insulated metal wires, each to one of the sensors 24 are electrically connected. (The wires are not shown but may be with reference to 7B be reconstructed.) The wires of the wearer 96 make an electrical connection with a PCB or the like so that each sensor 24 individually electrically connected to the PCB.

In one embodiment, the sensors exist 24 from indium tin oxide (ITO). ITO is useful because it has the appropriate electrical characteristics for sensing functions described herein and also has appropriate optical properties for applications that require illumination. If the sensors 24 made of ITO, the sensors can be used instead of on the carrier 96 also directly on the glass of the disc 92 be applied. The ITO sensors 24 can also be applied directly to the mirror, the plastic, etc., which form the corresponding, accessible to the user vehicle part.

As already said, there are ITO sensors 24 suitable for applications that require lighting. In extension of this objective, the assembly 90 with keyless entry further an optical fiber assembly 98 which is to be used for lighting. 10 provides an enlarged view of the fiber optic assembly 98 dar. The light guide assembly 98 has a body portion 100 and a button display 102 on. The body section 100 may be in the form of plastic, glass, as a mirror or in the form of another medium that can guide light. In one embodiment, the body portion is located 100 in the form of a film capable of guiding light. The key display 102 is incorporated directly into the plastic, the glass, the mirror, etc., these elements being the body section 100 form. The key display 102 has graphical markers, each one of the sensors 24 correspond. The graphic markings of the button display 102 give the position of the associated sensors 24 again and denote the functions assigned to them. In the assembled state of the module 90 with keyless entry is the fiber optic assembly 98 at the back of the carrier 96 attached and the front of the carrier is on the disc 92 attached.

11A . 11B and 11C each represent cross-sectional views of the body portion 100 the fiber optic assembly 98 according to three different variants. In the first variant is the body section 100 of uniform thickness, as in 11A is shown. In the second variant, the body section 100 a thickened light guide section 104 on, which is to be acted upon with light. In the third variant, the body section has 100 a different thickness Lichtleitabschnitt 106 which is to be charged with light.

The uniform illumination of the button display 102 the fiber optic assembly 98 is an important aesthetic feature. With reference to 12 can the button display 102 in the body section 100 the fiber optic assembly 98 etched, machined or similarly incorporated with light 108 to be illuminated by a light source. To obtain a uniform illumination, the key display 102 etched at a suitable angle (eg, etching depth angle 110 ). As a result of the etching at a corresponding angle, all areas of the markings of the key display become 102 Illuminated, as the lower areas of the button display 102 the light 108 does not prevent illuminating the upper portions of the key display markers. The process of etching may be at the back of the body portion 100 done so that the attachment of the fiber optic assembly 98 on the carrier 96 (For example, via a liquid adhesive) the passage of light 108 not impaired.

13 represents a variant of the module 90 with keyless entry. In this variant, the sensors 24 in addition to the corresponding electrical connections to be connected to a PCB, with the fiber optic assembly 98 so combined that the carrier 96 can fall away. As by the broken lines in 13 represented are the sensors 24 on the back of the body section 100 the fiber optic assembly 98 adjacent to the button display 102 the fiber optic assembly 98 appropriate.

Lighting the fiber optic assembly 98 may be at any convenient point within the body portion 100 take place, for example via a slot 111 in the middle area of the body section 100 , as in 14 shown.

With reference to 15 and 16 and with further reference to 9 There are two different exemplary ways to connect an assembly 90 with keyless access to a PCB 66 described. First, it should be noted that, as in 15 and 16 specified, the sensor assembly 94 (consisting of the sensors 24 and the carrier 96 ) and the fiber optic assembly 98 attached to each other and thereby the assembly 90 form with keyless entry.

As in 15 shown has a connecting strip 112 electrically conductive pads 114 on. The conductive pads 114 are respectively to the corresponding metallic conductors of the carrier 96 the sensor assembly 94 to connect electrically. The conductive pads 114 Make an electrical connection between the sensor assembly 94 and the PCB 66 ago. In making this electrical connection between the sensor assembly 94 and the PCB 66 can the conductive pads 114 in conjunction with an electrically conductive, compressible material 116 or one in the carrier 96 used as a pigtail connection shown mechanical connection.

As in 16 shown is an end section 118 the sensor assembly 94 handled. The appropriate ladder of the carrier 96 the sensor assembly 94 put at the folded end section 118 an electrical connection to the PCB 66 come to the sensor assembly 94 to electrically connect to the PCB. Again, in the manufacture of this electrical connection between the sensor assembly 94 and the PCB 66 the folded end section 118 the sensor assembly 94 in conjunction with an electrically conductive, compressible material 116 be used.

17 represents an alternative variant of a foil-like light conductor assembly 98 As shown, this variant entails that the fiber optic assembly 98 through a light guide with an integrated housing 120 is replaced. By a single feature 122 of the light guide may thereby determine the position and placement of one or more lighting devices, such as one or more LEDs, on the PCB 66 be simplified. A seal 125 is provided to allow fluid to enter the electronics and between the fiber optic assembly 98 and the case 120 and / or between the housing 120 and the vehicle window 92 to prevent.

The connection to the disc 92 comes via a wiring harness 127 for movable disks 92 is a wiring harness 127 intended for attachment between the vehicle and the glass.

As in 18 shown is a movable harness 127 between an electronic module 65 and door frame fasteners 128 attached, which give strength to damage the harness 127 to prevent. The wiring harness 127 may be in tape form or as a wire in a flexible guide to protect the wire.

With reference to 19 and 20 and further reference to 2 . 3A and 3B is a screen assembly 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. 19 represents an exploded view of the screen assembly 200 dar. The screen assembly 200 includes a screen 22 , a sensor 24 and a first and second electrically non-conductive insulator 201 respectively. 202 , 20 represents a section of the sensor 24 the screen assembly 200 represents.

As a background 2 a vehicle lift flap assembly 20 with a movable lift flap 12 which is a screen 22 with a sensor assigned to it 24 having. 3A and 3B make interior views of the screen 22 and the sensor 24 as in 3A and 3B shown is the sensor 24 formed from a matrix of electrically conductive strips which are vertical and horizontal over the inner surface of the screen 22 are arranged running. Strips of the sensor 24 are electrically connected together and together form the head of the sensor 24 (ie, as noted above, the strips in their entirety constitute the sensor 24 group).

In the 19 shown screen assembly 200 is an alternative to the one in 3A and 3B shown combination of screen and sensor. The screen assembly 200 may be part of a movable flap of a vehicle lift flap assembly or may be associated with a completely different component.

As in 19 and 20 specified, is the sensor 24 the screen assembly 200 formed from an array of vertically and horizontally extending, electrically conductive strip. Strips of the sensor 24 are electrically connected together and together form the sensor 24 , The sensor 24 however, it may have any number of configurations. This can be the case with the sensor, for example 24 to act on any conductive material that can be shaped to fit behind the screen 22 fits. The sensor 24 can consist of a welded steel wire mesh.

As in 19 indicated, is the first insulator 201 between the screen 22 and the sensor 24 positioned, and the sensor 24 is between the first and second insulator 201 respectively. 202 positioned. The screen 22 and the sensor 24 close the first insulator 201 sandwiched between them, and the insulators 201 and 202 close the sensor 24 sandwiched between them. To isolate the insulators 201 and 202 the sensor 24 opposite the screen 22 and also isolate the sensor 24 towards components of the vehicle interior. The insulators 201 and 202 can be designed to provide sound attenuation at desired frequencies. If the screen is 22 is a flexible diaphragm, can also be the first insulator 201 be flexible, so that the screen 22 and the first insulator 201 shift if an object is the screen 22 touched, and thereby cause the sensor 24 shifts.

The sensor 24 can be between the insulators 201 and 202 be bonded with adhesive to give a one-piece assembly. The sensor 24 may consist of a conductive fabric and on the screen 22 or one of the isolators 201 and 202 be attached. The sensor 24 may consist of a conductive paint or a conductive ink and on the screen 22 or one of the isolators 201 and 202 be upset. The sensor 24 may be formed in the form of one or more electrical conductors on a substrate, such as a metallization on a plastic film.

At the second insulator 202 It can be a thick foam between the vehicle body panels and the combination of the visor 22 , Sensor 24 and first insulator 201 is compressed to the sensor 24 and the first insulator 201 to hold in position.

As in 19 Shown can be the screen 22 a survey 203 exhibit. The assessment 203 Can be used in conjunction with corresponding holes or pockets in the first insulator 201 and / or sensor 24 and / or second insulator 202 used to the sensor 24 to position. In a similar way, the survey 203 used to be the first insulator 201 , the sensor 24 and the second insulator 202 to hold. For this purpose, a conventional manufacturing process known as thermal contact riveting can be used. The assessment 203 may be for a fastener for holding using a hardware retaining element 204 such as a nut, screw, a bolt, a nut, etc. are used.

As indicated above 20 a section of the sensor 24 the screen assembly 200 This section of the sensor 24 has a printed circuit board (ie a controller) 206 with a plug 205 on. The electrical connection to the sensor 24 can be made if the relatively small PCB 206 with the appropriate plug 205 as in 20 shown, soldered targeted.

Regarding 21 and 22 is a vehicle assembly 209 with keyless entry according to another embodiment of the present invention. 21 represents an exploded view of the assembly 209 with keyless entry. 22 shows a cross-sectional view and a detailed view of the assembly 209 with keyless entry.

The assembly 209 with keyless entry provides another example of an automotive application with sensors 24 dar. The assembly 209 keyless entry is intended for use with a user-accessible vehicle component such as a window, wing mirror, optics assembly, etc. The vehicle component is described and shown by way of example as a vehicle side mirror assembly.

As in 21 is shown, the assembly points 209 with keyless entry several sensors 24 , a carrier 212 and a printed circuit board (PCB) 213 on. Every sensor 24 is formed by an associated electrically conductive plate. The sensors 24 are electrically isolated from each other. Every sensor 24 forms a single touchpad associated with a single touchpad. As such, the sensors function 24 as touchpads for activating a keyless entry function, as herein generally and also with reference to 7A to 7D is described. Every sensor 24 has a sufficiently large area to detect a human finger near this sensor. The sensors 24 are arranged in a row and function independently of each other like an array of mechanical switches. In this example, the assembly includes 209 with keyless entry five individual sensors 24 , As described above, the sensors 24 serve as an interface between an operator and the vehicle to enable the user to control various vehicle functions requiring human intervention.

The sensors 24 are fixed to respective sections of the carrier 212 appropriate. The carrier 212 has electrically insulated metal wires, each with one of the sensors 24 are connected. (The wires are not shown but may be with reference to 7B be understood.) The carrier 212 and the PCB 213 are arranged so that they are next to each other. The wires of the wearer 212 make an electrical connection to the PCB 213 so every sensor 24 individually in electrical contact with the electronics of the PCB 213 stands.

As indicated, the vehicle component is for use with the assembly 209 with keyless entry in this example, around a vehicle side mirror assembly. Accordingly, the assembly has 209 with keyless entry further includes a mirror subassembly having a side mirror 210 , a mirror holder 216 and a mirror housing 217 includes. When the mirror subassembly is completely assembled, the mirror is 210 on the mirror holder 216 appropriate. The mirror holder 216 has a one-piece housing 214 on. The housing 214 contains a battery 218 to the assembly 209 to supply with electric current with keyless access to the drive. The housing 214 is designed so that it is the assembly 209 with keyless entry. That means the case 214 designed to be the carrier 212 with the attached sensors 24 and the directly on the carrier 212 placed PCB 213 take. The mirror 210 is designed to be on the mirror holder 216 to be attached when the assembly 209 with keyless entry in the case 214 the mirror holder 216 is included. As such, the assembly is 209 with keyless entry in fully assembled condition between the mirror 210 and the mirror holder 216 added. In this position are the on the carrier 212 mounted sensors 24 at the bottom of the mirror 210 at.

The mirror 210 with a metallization layer thereon 215 is etched. Through the metallization layer 215 are the sensors 24 electrically isolated from each other and from the mirror body. If desired, the metallization layer allows 215 also a lighting of characters. The characters can be in any form and also as any letter or any number. On non-conductive mirror surfaces or on non-mirrored surfaces etching may possibly be omitted.

The mirror housing 217 has a solar cell 219 to charge the battery 218 on that in the case 214 the mirror holder 216 is positioned. The PCB 213 also includes a transmitter 220 such as a remote control module with keyless entry. Through the transmitter 220 makes it possible to avoid additional wiring in the vehicle. This makes the mirror easy to replace. Without the solar cell 219 For a 900 mA battery, a battery life of approximately three years is expected. Is the solar cell 219 available, needs the battery 218 not to be replaced.

The sensors 24 can in the carrier 212 by injection molding, by a two-stage injection molding process or another similar process. Materials for forming the sensors 24 include electrically conductive rubber or plastic, metals or other electrically conductive materials. The sensors 24 may be preformed to resemble decors, emblems, stickers, labels, and the like. Such Emblems may represent or identify the vehicle to which the assembly is attached 209 associated with keyless access. The carrier 212 may be formed in a transparent or translucent nature to provide illumination options because the carrier is in optical communication with a light source on the PCB 213 can be.

As described, the sensors are 24 individually in electrical connection with the PCB 213 , Optionally, redundant connections between the sensors 24 and the PCB 213 getting produced. The sensors 24 can be sandwiched tight on the mirror 210 Be prepared to capture through the mirror 210 through.

In operation, a user enters with the outer surface of the mirror 210 interacting to one or more of the sensors 24 to activate. An electronic signal conditioning circuit of the PCB 213 that with the sensors 24 , processes the input signal from the sensor (s) and closes circuit connections to activate the commanded function. The process is similar to pressing a mechanical button to close an electrical circuit.

With reference now to 23 and 24 and further reference to 21 and 22 is a vehicle assembly 229 with keyless entry or keyless control according to another embodiment of the present invention. 23 represents an exploded view of the assembly 229 represents. 24 provides a cross-sectional view and a detailed view of the assembly 229 represents.

The assembly 229 represents yet another example of an automotive application with sensors 24 In this example, the user-accessible vehicle component is for use with the assembly 229 around a movable vehicle window. In the 23 and 24 shown assembly 229 has similar components to those in 21 and 22 shown assembly 209 , wherein like components are designated by the same reference numerals.

As in 23 shown, indicates the assembly 229 a series of sensors 24 , a carrier 212 and a PCB 213 on. Again, the sensors are electrically isolated from each other and at respective portions of the carrier 212 appropriate. The carrier 212 has electrically insulated metal wires (not shown), each with one of the sensors 24 are electrically connected. The carrier 212 and the PCB 213 are positioned next to each other. The wires of the wearer 212 make an electrical connection to the PCB 213 so every sensor 24 individually in electrical contact with the electronics of the PCB 213 stands.

As indicated, the vehicle component is for use with the assembly 229 in this example, a movable vehicle window. Accordingly, the assembly has 229 In addition, a disc subassembly having a movable disc 225 and a window surround 227 includes. The window surround 227 has a housing 230 on. The housing 230 takes a battery 218 on to the assembly 229 to supply with electrical energy. The housing 230 is designed so that it is the assembly 229 absorbs. That means the case 230 designed to be the carrier 212 with the attached sensors 24 as well as directly on the carrier 212 positioned PCB 213 take. When fully assembled, the assembly is 229 between the disc 225 and the mount 227 added. In this position are the on the carrier 212 attached sensors 24 on the inside of the disc 225 at. The assembly 229 can also be integrated into the vehicle system and vehicle wiring.

The assembly 229 In addition, a decor can 228 exhibit. About the decor 228 is the illumination of characters possible. The characters can be in any form and as any letter or number. The decor 228 can at the disc 225 be attached. Alternatively, the disc can 225 painted or similarly processed to achieve the desired effect. In addition, the disc can 225 be etched, carved, cast, molded, etc., to influence the optical illumination in the desired manner.

The housing 230 further comprises a solar cell 219 to charge in the case 230 located battery 218 , The PCB 213 also has a transmitter 220 such as a keyless entry remote control module.

In operation, a user enters with the outside of the disk 225 interacting to one or more of the sensors 24 to activate. The electronic signal conditioning circuit of the PCB 213 that with the sensors 24 , processes the input signal from the sensor (s) and closes circuit connections to activate the commanded function. The process is similar to pressing a mechanical button to close an electrical circuit.

As explained, the functionality of the assembly 229 not limited to a keyless entry. Other functionality may include, but is not limited to, audio control or other application specific elements necessarily limited to these) that you might want to control from outside the vehicle, such as opening a garage door or adjusting the altitude of the vehicle by integrating it into a self-leveling system.

26A and 26B FIG. 12 are schematic diagrams of exemplary control functionality represented by an electrical circuit for use with one or more of the disclosed sensors. sensors 24 with large capacitance values, it may be difficult for a controller to measure small capacitive changes because the measuring capacitor has a fixed value. The input sampling and sensor capacitance values are typically targeted (ie, matched to each other). One problem is that it is desirable to acquire different sample input sizes and to measure circuits, which is due to the detection orders of magnitude that require different sensor sizes and locations. The input conditioning circuitry of the electronics allows sensors of different capacities to be connected to a common controller.

As in 26A shown is at a microcontroller 260 a charging line 262 used to charge one or more sensors. When the sensor is charged, the microcontroller uses 260 a transmission line 264 for transferring the charge present on the sensors to storage capacitors 266 , Once the charge is stored, the microcontroller picks up 260 a reading of the stored charge via a capacitive sensing line 268 in front. The storage capacitors are then via a discharge line 270 discharged.

In the 26B arrangement shown allows an updated input on the in 26A shown electrical circuit. The updated input allows the selection of storage / measuring capacitors 274 . 276 that can be used to measure both the performance of a relatively small sensor (such as the one in 9 shown sensor 24 ) as well as from a relatively large sensor (such as the one in FIG 3A and 3B shown sensor 24 ). The control 260 is designed to use one or more of the storage capacitors 274 . 276 on earth 278 respectively. 280 to set and the number of samples of a particular sensor, via the capacitive sensing line 268 have been received, thereby enabling variable short-range distances.

Although circuit elements are schematically illustrated for purposes of explanation, the functionality may be implemented using suitably programmed control, and then omitting one or more of the independent circuit elements shown in the figures.

In addition to improvements in the scanning process, the controller allows a controlled range of movements with respect to approaching a vehicle and retreating from a vehicle with one or more sensors. The range of motion becomes a waveform or gesture for the sensor (s). The waveform uses the signal amplitude, time and speed to distinguish gestures or movements. The metrologically determined waveform is compared to a predefined waveform to determine a particular type of sensed motion. In 27 . 28 and 29 For example, exemplary waveforms are shown that indicate when a desired operation (such as opening a door) is required by a user. If the ratio and amplitude are within an acceptable range of amplitude of at least one of the predefined waveforms, the user's request is acknowledged. If, on the other hand, the ratio and the amplitude are outside an acceptable range, the detected motion or events are ignored. Concerning the latter feature 30 . 31 and 32 Examples of signal measurements that do not correspond to the waveforms that demonstrate proper operator requirements in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

In 27 to 32 gives reference number 240A the sensor signal, and the reference numbers 240B . 240C and 240D indicate respective thresholds used in the generation of a waveform. The time that the sensor signal 240A needed the thresholds 240B . 240C and 240D to go through corresponds to a slope for the rise time. The duration of the maximum value of the sensor signal 240A can be set to a maximum time. When the sensor signal 240A falls back to its original starting point, creates a fall time. The acceptable amplitudes or the allowable duration can be predefined or set by a user.

Furthermore, the slope, the drop and the thresholds 240B . 240C and 240D adaptive, such that they can be modified by the controller in response to changes in ambient temperature, minor changes in a user's gesture, and the like. The controller reads the temperature from a temperature sensor, thermistor or the like and then changes the corresponding way allowable slope, allowable drop and thresholds 240B . 240C and 240D , The controller changes the values of the slope, the fall and the thresholds 240B . 240C and 240D also in response to minor changes in a user gesture waveform. A minor change is defined as a slope or threshold that does not deviate more than a specified percentage error measure from the stored gesture profile. The changes can be global, so the slopes and thresholds 240B . 240C and 240D all are changed with each other; or they are changed individually, with no attitude depending on the other.

A variety of technologies may be used to produce at least one allowable waveform corresponding to a gesture that may be considered a legitimate prompt for system operation. The waveforms can be programmed into the controller or learned through a learning mode, in which case, for example, a person repeats their gestures and the controller determines a corresponding waveform from it. This waveform may later serve as the predefined waveform to determine whether or not a particular body motion has been detected.

When a person is in the vicinity of a sensor 24 Body movements, one or more sensors 24 Moving away from it, the motion produces a waveform amplitude, a slope, and a ratio that are interpreted by the controller to allow for an event or to prevent inadvertent activation. Such accidental activation is prevented when a person, for example, just at the sensor 24 passes. In the 30 . 31 and 32 shown sensor signals 240A Examples are those in which inadvertent activation is prevented because these sensor signals are outside a predetermined accepted waveform. 30 represents a momentary peak in the sensor signal 240A with a rise and fall much stronger than the predetermined accepted waveform. The waveform of 30 may be caused by rain or a single impact against the vehicle near the sensor. 31 represents a sensor signal 240A without a pronounced slope or a pronounced drop caused by a noise. A waveform like the one in 31 can be caused by a person slowly passing by the vehicle. 32 represents a sensor signal 240A without a unique peak that does not match the predetermined accepted waveform. 32 shows a flat signal, which is the case when an object enters the zone and stays there for a certain period of time before leaving the zone again. Such a waveform can be caused by anyone moving around within the activation zone and staying there for a time.

With reference to 33A . 33B and 34 are various views of a vehicle lift flap assembly 340 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The assembly 340 is a variant of in 2 shown vehicle lift flap assembly 20 , Just like the assembly 20 also includes the assembly 340 a lift flap 12 that have a compression strut 40 movable with the body sheet 16 a vehicle is connected. The lift flap 12 is between an open and closed position with respect to the body panel 16 movable. The assembly 340 can via a sensor 18 and an inner screen 22 with a sensor 24 feature. The sensor 18 is along the body sheet 16 appropriate. The screen 22 is on the inner surface of the lift flap 12 mounted, the sensor 24 for a movement together with the lift flap 12 is held. In this example, the sensor is located 18 at least partially between the screen 22 and the outer structure of the lift flap 12 , The sensors 18 and 24 are part of an anti-jamming system that includes a controller.

The assembly 340 contains at least one capacitive sensor 243 , Unlike small-sized sensors, which can reach a near-range distance of no more than a few millimeters, the sensor is 243 a larger sensor and positioned to allow optimal detection. The assembly 340 has two sensors 243 on. A sensor 243 runs on the body sheet 16 along and another sensor 243 runs on the edge of the lift flap 12 along. Thus, a portion of at least one of the sensors 243 approximately perpendicular to an object between that through the body panel 16 and the lift flap 12 defined closure. The increased size and orientation of the sensor 243 extend the near range detection to over 50 mm, which represents a relatively large increase in near range detection.

As in 33A and 33B shown is the compression strut 14 electrically insulated from the vehicle by a nonconductive material containing the mounts 241 and 242 physically separated from the vehicle, which also causes the strut 14 from the sensor 243 physically separated. The brackets 241 . 242 are electrically conductive in this example. When in contact with a conductive object, the strut is located 14 in close proximity to the large sensor 243 , which allows the strut to be released 14 becomes part of the sensor. The electric Insulation of the strut 14 at the points of the bracket 241 . 242 allows them to be included in the capacitive sensing circuit. So change through the strut 14 when touched by a conductive object coming from the sensor 243 measured capacity, whereby the shutter protection around the strut 14 improved around. As a result, in the capacitive sensor network, the lift flap 12 and the strut 14 contain, leaving no unüberstützter strut area left over.

With reference to 34 . 35A . 35B . 4A and 4B Figures are perspective views and cross-sectional views of the lift flap 12 and inner screen 22 the assembly 340 shown. As in 35A and 35B shown, the sensor runs 243 along an edge of the lift flap 12 , The sensor 243 is along the edge of the lift flap 12 in order to enable both the short-range detection of an electrically conductive object and an object touch detection. That means that the sensor 243 along the edge of the lift flap 12 is laid to detect an electrically conductive object in the vicinity of the edge or to detect an object that touches the edge, or both.

Along the edge of the lift flap 12 is the sensor 243 on the inner surface of a peripheral region of the screen 22 adjacent to the edge of the lift flap 12 arranged and from the lift flap 12 through spacers 247 spaced. The spacers 247 are constructed of electrically non-conductive materials and are compressible. The spacers 247 allow the sensor 243 (and the edge of the screen 22 ), closer to the structural section of the lift flap 12 Move when an object reaches the edge of the screen 22 touched.

As in 35A and 35B shown is the sensor 243 Angled or tilted to the capacitive field to the outside with respect to the screen 22 to project. As a result, the sensor has 243 about increased sensitivity to near range detection of objects such as humans. The sensor 243 is also flexible, which reduces any force that comes with a contact between the sensor 243 and an object goes along.

An exemplary construction of the (lift flap) sensor 243 along the edge of the lift flap 12 is in 35B and 36 shown. The sensor 243 has a sensor body 244 and a transmission body 245 with activated shielding, which are both formed of electrically conductive plastic sections. An electrically non-conductive plastic carrier 246 isolates the sensor body 244 from the transmission body 245 under inclination of the sensor body 244 towards the area where object detection is desired. The sensor body 244 is a capacitive monitored sensor and is oriented obliquely to the protected outer opening, which requires no contact for detection. The sensor body 244 can be connected to a controller and the transmitter body 245 can be connected to a neutralized transmitter with controlled ground. The send body 245 with controlled shielding is electrically controlled to a surface or area in the vicinity of the sensor body 244 shield where an unwanted detection could occur. The orientation can also be reversed.

The controlled shield is from the vehicle ground by spacers 247 separated. The spacing is on the order of 0.125 inches or more, which increases the close range distance by the vehicle frame from the transmitter body 245 or sensor body 244 is isolated. The spacers 247 can be integrated standoffs that provide the required separation between the transmitter body 245 with mass neutralization and vehicle structure. As described, the sensor body 244 and the transmission body 245 Encapsulated in electrically non-conductive plastic, resulting in a seal of the sensor body 244 and the sending body 245 allows or prevents contamination from occurring between them.

The sensor body 244 is flexible and becomes the send body 245 deflected when an object is against the sensor 243 suppressed. As a result, the capacitance of the sensor changes 243 , As indicated above, the sensor body is 244 tilted to a maximum signal in response to a conductive object in close proximity to the sensor 243 to offer and a deflection by a the sensor 243 to allow touching object.

The sensor 243 can either be on the lift flap 12 or on the body sheet 16 or attached to both, as mentioned above. The sensor 243 at the lift flap 12 can as transmitter and the sensor 243 on the body sheet 16 act as a recipient. These functions can be exchanged. In operation, when the lift flap 12 closes, a signal on the sensor 243 read, which is caused by the transmitter. The controller reads this signal to determine that the liftgate 12 is almost closed. The controller then compensates for the distance from the liftgate 12 is still to be covered by knowing what reading of the sensor 243 at the respective position of the lift flap 12 exists when there is no obstacle, allowing for improved obstacle detection and reduced false detection of an obstacle caused by the Vehicle body is caused when the liftgate 12 approaching the closed position. In one example, the controller is preprogrammed to recognize the expected sensor signal when the liftgate closes without any obstruction. As such, the sensor can 243 Assist in the differentiation between an obstacle and the vehicle body detection based on the relative position of the receiver and transmitter.

With reference to 37 is an exploded view of a bumper assembly 370 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bumper assembly 370 has an integrated connection part 248 and a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly includes a sensor 24 which is formed of an electrically conductive plastic material such as electrically conductive nylon. The sensor assembly also has a front carrier 250A and a rear carrier 250B on. The carriers 250A and 250B comprise an electrically non-conductive plastic made of a material such as nylon, and over the sensor in some examples 24 formed. The sensor 24 and the carriers can be adapted to flat or shaped surfaces.

Regarding 38 is an exploded view of a trim panel assembly 380 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The trim panel assembly 380 has a trim panel 251 , an intermediate bracket 252 and a sensor 24 on. The holder 252 is between the trim panel 251 and the sensor 24 sandwiched and is on the trim panel 251 secured by welding, by adhesive or a fastener, thereby allowing the sensor 24 can be attached and maintained. Another option is an intermediate bracket 252 to create, which is attached to the vehicle and the sensor 24 positioned in close proximity to the cladding. The holder 252 can have more than one sensor 24 contain. The holder 252 can, for example, three sensors 24 contain.

Regarding 39 is a perspective view of a vehicle with multiple sensors 24 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sensors 24 can be interconnected or connected independently. Every sensor 24 may have its own activation sequence and its own threshold to allow or prevent activation. For example, as a person approaches the vehicle, following the predetermined waveform, the person may, for example, open a body panel simply by approaching the vehicle without lifting a body part. The use of the sensor array and waveform provides a reliable and safer contactless opening system.

As described, enable the 26A to 39 Corresponding devices improve the detection of nearby people via a sensor placement, a sensor assembly in conjunction with a Abtasteingabeschaltung and a sensor signal detection.

While exemplary embodiments are described above, it is not intended that these embodiments describe all possible forms of the present invention. As used herein, the description is of a description rather than a limitation, and it is to be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Additionally, the features of the various implementing embodiments may be combined to form further embodiments of the present invention.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 7513166 [0002]
• US 7342373 [0002]

Claims (27)

An assembly for a vehicle, the assembly comprising: a body panel that can be moved between an open position and a closed position relative to a closure of a vehicle body; and a capacitive sensor mounted on the body panel, the sensor being sized and positioned on the body panel such that at least a portion of the sensor is perpendicular to the closure of the vehicle body when the body panel moves between the open and closed positions; wherein the sensor capacitively couples to an electrically conductive object near the closure of the vehicle body so that the capacitance of the sensor changes. An assembly according to claim 1, comprising: a controller configured to control movement of the body panel based on the capacitance of the sensor. An assembly according to claim 1, comprising: a second capacitive sensor fixedly attached to the vehicle body adjacent to the closure of the vehicle body. An assembly according to claim 3, wherein the sensors each act as a transmitter or detector which move toward each other as the body member moves toward the closed position; and the sensors capacitively couple to each other as the body panel moves toward the closed position, thereby changing the capacitance of the sensors. An assembly according to claim 4, comprising a controller adapted to determine the location of the body panel relative to the vehicle body based on the capacitance of the sensors. Assembly according to claim 1, with a gas strut that couples the body panel to the vehicle body such that the body panel is movable between the open and closed positions relative to the closure of the vehicle body; wherein the strut is electrically connected to the sensor and electrically isolated from the vehicle body. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises an electrically conductive portion and an electrically non-conductive portion, wherein the electrically conductive portion is encapsulated by the electrically non-conductive portion. An assembly according to claim 7, wherein both sections are made of plastic. The assembly of claim 8, wherein the sections are flexible such that the capacitance of the sensor changes as the sensor flexes. Assembly according to claim 1, with an intermediate holder, wherein the holder supports the sensor on the body part. An assembly according to claim 2, wherein the controller comprises a module having a plurality of storage capacitors of different values, the value of one of the storage capacitors being such that it corresponds to one of the storage capacitors to the sensor; and the controller selects the storage capacitor corresponding to the sensor to sample the capacitance of the sensor. An assembly according to claim 2, wherein: the controller is configured to control the movement of the body panel based on a comparison of a proximity history gesture with the capacitance of the sensor. Vehicle, with: a vehicle body; a capacitive sensor; and an intermediate bracket that holds the sensor to a portion of the vehicle body; wherein the sensor capacitively couples to an electrically conductive object near the portion of the vehicle body such that the capacitance of the sensor changes. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the portion of the vehicle body comprises a bumper. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the portion of the vehicle body comprises a trim panel. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the sensor comprises an electrically non-conductive portion and an electrically conductive portion encapsulated by the electrically non-conductive portion. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein the sensor comprises front and rear non-electrically conductive supports and an electrically conductive body disposed between the front and rear supports. The vehicle of claim 13 having a controller configured to control a vehicle function based on the capacitance of the sensor. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the controller comprises a module having a plurality of storage capacitors of different values, the value of one of the storage capacitors being such that it corresponds to one of the storage capacitors to the sensor; and the controller selects the storage capacitor corresponding to the sensor to sample the capacitance of the sensor. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the controller is configured to control the movement of the body panel based on a comparison of a proximity history gesture with the capacitance of the sensor. The vehicle of claim 20, wherein the controller is configured to set an acceptable comparison based on a temperature change. The vehicle of claim 20, wherein the controller adjusts a predefined waveform in response to changes in a detected user gesture when the changes are within an acceptable range. Sensor module, with: at least one capacitive element disposed relative to a portion of a vehicle body where the capacitive element is coupled to an electrically conductive object near the capacitive element, the capacitive element providing an output having a waveform corresponding to the movement of the electrically conductive element Object corresponding to the capacitive element; and a controller that determines whether the waveform of the capacitive element corresponds to a predefined waveform and that triggers an operation of at least one component associated with the vehicle if the waveform of the capacitive element sufficiently satisfies the predefined waveform. An assembly according to claim 23, wherein there are several predefined waveforms corresponding to several different operations; and the controller determines which of the operations to perform based on determining which of the predefined waveforms best matches the output history of the capacitive element. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the controller is configured to adjust based on an ambient temperature and / or a temperature of the capacitive element as the controller determines whether the waveform of the output of the capacitive element corresponds to the predefined waveform. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the controller changes the predefined waveform based on sensed changes in a waveform as a result of repeatedly detected user gestures when the sensed changes are within an acceptable range. The assembly of claim 23, wherein the controller generates a new waveform based on the controller being in a learning mode in which the waveform resulting from the learning mode becomes a predetermined waveform used by the controller in a corresponding operation.

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