DE102014107387A1 - SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP WITH IMPROVED BONDABILITY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BOND COMPOUND - Google Patents
SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP WITH IMPROVED BONDABILITY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BOND COMPOUND Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014107387A1 DE102014107387A1 DE102014107387.8A DE102014107387A DE102014107387A1 DE 102014107387 A1 DE102014107387 A1 DE 102014107387A1 DE 102014107387 A DE102014107387 A DE 102014107387A DE 102014107387 A1 DE102014107387 A1 DE 102014107387A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Ein Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft einen Halbleiterchip (1) mit einem Halbleiterkörper (100), der eine Oberseite (101) und eine der Oberseite (101) entgegengesetzte Unterseite (102) aufweist. In dem Halbleiterkörper (100) ist eine Vielzahl von Bauelementzellen angeordnet, die als Streifenzellen ausgebildet und in einer ersten lateralen Richtung (x) nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Außerdem erstrecken sich die Streifenzellen (10) jeweils in einer von der ersten lateralen Richtung (x) verschiedenen zweiten lateralen Richtung (y). Auf die Oberseite (101) ist eine Hauptelektrode (71) aufgebracht. Zwischen der Hauptelektrode (71) und der Oberseite (101) ist eine Dielektrikumsschicht (30) angeordnet, die als Netz ausgebildet ist und eine Vielzahl von Durchgangsöffnungen (31) aufweist.One aspect of the invention relates to a semiconductor chip (1) having a semiconductor body (100) which has an upper side (101) and a lower side (102) opposite the upper side (101). Arranged in the semiconductor body (100) is a multiplicity of component cells which are designed as strip cells and are arranged next to one another in a first lateral direction (x). In addition, the strip cells (10) each extend in a different from the first lateral direction (x) second lateral direction (y). On the upper side (101), a main electrode (71) is applied. Between the main electrode (71) and the upper side (101) a dielectric layer (30) is arranged, which is formed as a network and has a plurality of passage openings (31).
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit der Problematik, dass es beim Bonden von Bonddrähten an eine Metallisierung eines Halbleiterchips häufig zu einer Beschädigung des Halbleiterchips kommt. Besonders ausgeprägt ist diese Problematik dann, wenn es sich bei dem Halbleiterchip um einen Leistungshalbleiterchip handelt, über den hohe Ströme fließen. Wenn diese Ströme über einen oder mehrere elektrisch parallel geschaltete Bonddrähte geführt werden sollen, müssen die Bonddrähte eine entsprechend geeignete Stromtragfähigkeit und mechanische Stabilität aufweisen. The present invention is concerned with the problem that the bonding of bonding wires to a metallization of a semiconductor chip often leads to damage of the semiconductor chip. This problem is particularly pronounced when the semiconductor chip is a power semiconductor chip through which high currents flow. If these currents are to be conducted via one or more bonding wires connected in parallel electrically, the bonding wires must have a correspondingly suitable current carrying capacity and mechanical stability.
Diese lässt sich beispielsweise dadurch erhöhen, dass Bonddrähte mit großem Leiterquerschnitt verwendet werden. Typisch ist z. B. die Verwendung von aluminiumbasierten Bonddrähten mit einem Durchmesser von 300 µm. Mit zunehmendem Querschnitt des Bonddrahtes sind jedoch veränderte Bondparameter nötig, so steigt zum Beispiel die Anpresskraft, mit der der Bonddraht beim Bonden gegen den Halbleiterchip gepresst werden muss, wenn eine langzeitstabile Bondverbindung hergestellt werden soll. Mit zunehmender Kraft steigt aber auch das Risiko einer mechanischen Beschädigung des Halbleiterchips. Das gleiche gilt auch bei einer Veränderung anderer Bondparameter wie der Dauer oder der beim Bonden eingetragenen Ultraschallenergie. Typische Schäden sind Chipausbrüche ("Cratering"), die zu einem Anstieg des Leckstroms des Halbleiterchips oder gar zu dessen vollständigem Ausfall führen kann. This can be increased, for example, by using bonding wires with a large conductor cross-section. Typical is z. Example, the use of aluminum-based bonding wires with a diameter of 300 microns. With increasing cross-section of the bonding wire, however, changed bonding parameters are necessary, for example the contact pressure with which the bonding wire has to be pressed against the semiconductor chip during bonding increases if a bond that is stable over time is to be produced. As the force increases, so does the risk of mechanical damage to the semiconductor chip. The same applies to a change in other bond parameters such as the duration or the ultrasound energy entered during bonding. Typical damages are "chip cratering", which can lead to an increase of the leakage current of the semiconductor chip or even to its complete failure.
Eine Maßnahme zur Erhöhung der Stromtragfähigkeit besteht darin, Bonddrähte zu verwenden, die eine höhere elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen als die herkömmlichen aluminiumbasierten Bonddrähte. Wegen der guten elektrischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften gegenüber Aluminium bieten sich hier besonders kupferbasierte Bonddrähte an. Im Vergleich zu aluminumbasierten Bonddrähten sind kupferbasierte Bonddrähte deutlich härter, was wiederum dazu führt, dass die zum Anbonden eines kupferbasierten Bonddrahtes erforderlichen Bondparameter, z.B. Anpresskraft, Ultraschall-Energie, Dauer des Bondvorgangs, wesentlich höher bzw. länger gewählt werden müssen als bei einem aluminiumbasierten Bonddraht gleichen Querschnitts. Damit aber steigt wie bereits erläutert das Risiko einer mechanischen Beschädigung des Halbleiterchips. One measure for increasing the current carrying capacity is to use bonding wires that have a higher electrical conductivity than the conventional aluminum-based bonding wires. Because of the good electrical and mechanical properties compared to aluminum, copper-based bonding wires are particularly suitable here. Compared to aluminum-based bonding wires, copper-based bonding wires are significantly harder, which in turn results in the bond parameters required to bond a copper-based bonding wire, e.g. Contact force, ultrasonic energy, duration of the bonding process, must be chosen to be much higher or longer than with an aluminum-based bonding wire of the same cross-section. But this increases as already explained the risk of mechanical damage to the semiconductor chip.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Halbleiterchip bereitzustellen, der nur ein geringes Risiko für das Auftreten einer Beschädigung beim Drahtbonden zeigt. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht darin, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Drahtbondverbindung zwischen einem Halbleiterchip und einem Bonddraht bereitzustellen, das nur ein geringes Risiko für das Auftreten einer Beschädigung des Halbleiterchips zeigt. Diese Aufgaben werden durch einen Halbleiterchip gemäß Patentanspruch 1 bzw. durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Drahtbondverbindung gemäß Patentanspruch 16 gelöst. Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen. The object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor chip showing only a small risk of occurrence of damage in wire bonding. Another object is to provide a method of making a wire bond between a semiconductor chip and a bond wire that presents little risk of damage to the semiconductor chip. These objects are achieved by a semiconductor chip according to
Ein erster Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft einen Halbleiterchip mit einem Halbleiterkörper, der eine Oberseite und eine der Oberseite entgegengesetzte Unterseite aufweist. In dem Halbleiterkörper ist eine Vielzahl von Bauelementzellen angeordnet, die als Streifenzellen ausgebildet sind und in einer ersten lateralen Richtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Außerdem erstrecken sich die Streifenzellen jeweils in einer von der ersten lateralen Richtung verschiedenen zweiten lateralen Richtung. Auf die Oberseite ist eine Hauptelektrode aufgebracht. Zwischen der Hauptelektrode und der Oberseite ist eine Dielektrikumsschicht angeordnet, die eine netzförmige Struktur aufweist. Die netzförmige Struktur weist eine Vielzahl von Durchgangsöffnungen auf. A first aspect of the invention relates to a semiconductor chip having a semiconductor body which has an upper side and a lower side opposite to the upper side. In the semiconductor body, a plurality of component cells is arranged, which are formed as strip cells and are arranged side by side in a first lateral direction. In addition, each of the stripe cells extends in a second lateral direction different from the first lateral direction. On top of a main electrode is applied. Between the main electrode and the upper side, a dielectric layer is arranged which has a net-shaped structure. The reticular structure has a plurality of passage openings.
Ein zweiter Aspekt betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Drahtbondverbindung. Dazu werden ein gemäß dem ersten Aspekt ausgebildeter Halbleiterchip bereitgestellt, sowie ein Bonddraht. Zwischen dem Bonddraht und der Hauptelektrode wird eine Drahtbondverbindung hergestellt. A second aspect relates to a method of making a wire bond. For this purpose, a semiconductor chip designed according to the first aspect is provided, as well as a bonding wire. A wire bond is made between the bonding wire and the main electrode.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert. Dieselben Bezugszeichen bezeichnen identische oder gleich wirkende Elemente. Es zeigen: The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. The same reference numerals designate identical or equivalent elements. Show it:
Bei Versuchen, die der vorliegenden Erfindung vorausgegangen waren, wurde festgestellt, dass Halbleiterchips besonders dann eine erhöhte Anfälligkeit für Beschädigungen beim Bonden zeigen, wenn sie eine Zellstruktur mit Streifenzellen aufweisen. Im Lauf der weiteren Untersuchungen wurde festgestellt, dass das Dielektrikum, welches sich üblicherweise zwischen dem Halbleiter und der Metallisierung, an die gebondet wird, befindet, einen wesentlichen höheren Einfluss auf die mechanische Stabilität des Chipaufbaus hat als bisher angenommen. Speziell bei Streifenzellen-Designs besteht das Dielektrikum im Wesentlichen aus zueinander parallelen Streifen. Bei Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung ist nun vorgesehen, bei einem Halbleiterchip mit Streifenzellendesign ein netzförmig ausgebildetes Dielektrikum einzusetzen. Aufgrund der Vernetzung besitzt der Chipaufbau mit dem Dielektrikum und der darüber liegenden Metallisierung eine wesentlich höhere mechanische Stabilität, als wenn das Dielektrikum im Wesentlichen nur aus zueinander parallelen Streifen besteht. In experiments that preceded the present invention, it has been found that semiconductor chips exhibit increased susceptibility to damage in bonding, particularly if they have streak cell cell structure. In the course of further investigations, it was found that the dielectric which is usually located between the semiconductor and the metallization to which it is bonded has a substantially higher influence on the mechanical stability of the chip structure than previously assumed. Especially in striped cell designs, the dielectric essentially consists of mutually parallel strips. In embodiments of the invention, it is now provided to use a reticulated dielectric in a semiconductor chip with a strip cell design. Due to the cross-linking, the chip structure with the dielectric and the overlying metallization has a substantially higher mechanical stability than if the dielectric consists essentially only of mutually parallel strips.
Wenn im Folgenden von Source, einer Sourcezonen oder einer Sourceelektrode die Rede ist, so ist damit im Fall eines IGBTs Emitter, eine Emitterzone bzw. eine Emitterelektrode gemeint. Entsprechend ist mit Drain, einer Drainzone oder einer Drainelektrode im Fall eines IGBTs Kollektor, eine Kollektorzone bzw. eine Kollektorelektrode gemeint. In the following, when referring to source, a source zones or a source electrode, it is meant in the case of an IGBT emitter, an emitter zone or an emitter electrode. Accordingly, by drain, drain or drain in the case of an IGBT is meant a collector, a collector region and a collector electrode, respectively.
Die Dielektrikumsschicht
Die Herstellung der Dielektrikumsschicht
Auf die Oberseite
Der Transistor besitzt weiterhin eine Zellstruktur mit einer Vielzahl von Transistorzellen
Die Transistorzellen
Die Transistorzellen
Die nachfolgenden
Wie in
Wie weiterhin aus
Die Fortsätze
In den
Auf die Oberseite
Die Source-Zonen
Anders als bei dem Halbleiterchip
Optional kann in einem jeden der Gräben
Ebenso wie die Dielektrikumsschicht
Die Transistorzellen
Die nachfolgenden
Wie in
Wie weiterhin aus
Die Fortsätze
Wie weiterhin anhand eines in
In
Für die vorangehend erläuterten Beispiele wie auch bei allen anderen Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wird also eine Dielektrikumsschicht
Die vorangehend erläuterten Halbleiterchips
Die erste Hauptelektrode
Die erste Hauptelektrode
Die erste Hauptelektrode
Weiterhin kann eine erste Hauptelektrode
Weiterhin kann für eine, mehrere oder eine jede der Durchgangsöffnungen
Gemäß einer weiteren Option kann der Halbleiterchip eine Gesamtzahl von streifenförmigen Gateelektroden
Im Fall eines Transistorbauelements kann eine, mehr als eine oder jede der Bauelementzellen
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Darstellung gemäß
Der Halbleiterkörper
Während bei den vorangehend gezeigten Ausgestaltungen die erste laterale Richtung x und die zweite laterale Richtung y senkrecht zueinander verlaufen, schließen diese Richtungen x, y bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Bei den vorangehend gezeigten Ausgestaltungen sind die Abmessungen d31, d711, B31, L31, L711, d10 usw. in sich jeweils identisch. Außerdem verlaufen die erste laterale Richtung x und die zweite laterale Richtung y senkrecht zueinander. Grundsätzlich können die Abmessungen d31, d711, B31, L31, L711, d10 usw. in sich jedoch auch unterschiedlich sein. Das bedeutet zum Beispiel, dass verschiedene Abstände d711 unterschiedlich sein können. Entsprechendes gilt für die anderen der genannten Abmessungen. Als Beispiel hierfür zeigt
Abschließend wird unter Bezugnahme auf
Wenn in diesem Zusammenhang von "Bonden" die Rede ist, ist damit immer "Drahtbonden" gemeint, also eine Verbindungstechnik, bei der eine mechanisch stabile und elektrisch leitende Verbindung dadurch hergestellt wird, dass ein bereitgestellter Bonddraht
Im Besonderen kann es sich bei der verwendeten Bondtechnik um Wedge-Bonden handeln. Beim Wedge-Bonden wird der bereits angebondete Bonddraht auf einer Seite der Bondstelle abgerissen. Wedge-Bonden eignet sich besonders für dicke Bonddrähte
Prinzipiell kann der Bonddraht
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Darstellung gemäß
Ein Beispiel hierfür zeigt
Senkrecht unterhalb des Oberflächenabschnitts
Aus Gründen der Darstellbarkeit sind in
Ebenfalls optional kann das Verhältnis der Anzahl der Durchgangsöffnungen
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Fläche A712 beispielsweise wenigstens 0,8 mm2 betragen. Die hohe Flächendichte von mehr als 2000/mm2 kann also beispielsweise nur lokal an den Stellen gewählt werden, an denen später ein Bonddraht
Claims (20)
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1022322A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-23 | Denso Corp | Semiconductor device |
US20100264546A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-10-21 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102012008068A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-25 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. | Multi-level options of a power MOSFET |
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2014
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1022322A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-23 | Denso Corp | Semiconductor device |
US20100264546A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-10-21 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102012008068A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-25 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. | Multi-level options of a power MOSFET |
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