DE102013210887B4 - Optical sensor arrangement for a vehicle and vehicle with such a sensor arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

Optical sensor arrangement (1) for a vehicle (2), the optical sensor arrangement (1) comprising at least:
a sensor device (3, 22, 103) for receiving optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) from a vehicle environment (12),
at least one optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2), which is arranged in a detection area (6, 6.2) of the sensor device (3, 22, 103) and the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) to the sensor device (3 , 22, 103) distracts, and
the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) appears optically transparent from at least one viewing angle (β) of a driver (18) that deviates from the optical axis (A.3) of the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2),
characterized in that
the at least one optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) is designed as a holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) which transmits the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) to the sensor device (3, 22, 103) transmitted;
and wherein the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) has two reflection holograms which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that incident optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) is transmitted by at least two reflections.

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to an optical sensor arrangement for a vehicle, which can be used in particular in an interior of a vehicle and is provided for detecting a vehicle environment through a vehicle window, and to a vehicle with such a sensor arrangement.

Such optical sensor arrangements are used in vehicles to detect a vehicle environment and other functions such. B. to provide a display device or a driver assistance system. The sensor arrangement has a sensor device, in particular a camera arrangement, but also, for. B. another optical measuring device for detecting a vehicle environment through a vehicle window such. B. can be a laser sensor device. Furthermore, the sensor arrangement has an optical element arranged in the detection area of the sensor device.

Such a camera system is in the WO 2012/098192 A1 shown; As an optical element, a prism is provided on an inside of the vehicle window, which deflects optical radiation coming from the vehicle surroundings and passing through the vehicle window to the camera optics. The dispersion of the prism results in a wavelength-selective beam spread of the radiation imaged on the image sensor, the beam spread being below the resolution of the image sensor and thus not being perceived by the image sensor.

With such a sensor arrangement, the angle between the camera and the optical element is fixed, since the angle of exit of the optical radiation from the prism is dependent on the structure of the prism. An increase in the exit angle also causes an increase in the prism; thus more installation space is required, which is limited by the increasing number of sensors in the vehicle interior.

In the DE 10 2007 022 247 A1 Holographic imaging optics are provided, through which incident optical radiation of a narrow frequency band can be guided out of the optical element at a freely selectable exit angle. The holographic imaging optics have two reflection holograms, which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that optical radiation is only reflected from the respective reflection hologram at a certain entry angle. If the entry angles are coordinated with one another, it can be achieved that incident optical radiation from one side of the optical element is successively reflected by both superimposed reflection holograms and exits again at a specific exit angle on the other side of the optical element. For this purpose, the two reflection holograms must be coordinated exactly with one another.

In general, the installation of optical sensor systems in vehicles behind the vehicle window is problematic, since the installation space in the interior of the vehicle, e.g. on the headlining, is limited, but the number of sensor systems continues to increase at the same time. This makes the integration of optical sensor systems more and more demanding, whereby the performance of the camera systems also depends on the size of the sensors. For example, with smaller sensors only a smaller amount of light can be recorded, which reduces their performance.

Furthermore, the functionality of conventional sensors when the disc is dirty, e.g. B. in snow or rain, not always guaranteed, since such sensors are usually not arranged in the area wiped by the wiper of a vehicle.

The DE 10 2009 027 512 A1 shows a device for capturing image data in a vehicle, with a light-directing device as an optical element, which deflects optical radiation from a detection area to a camera by reflecting the optical radiation to the camera. From the driver's point of view, the light-directing device appears transparent.

The DE 38 25 663 A1 shows a rain sensor for a vehicle in which optical radiation from a light source, which is located outside an interior of the vehicle, is detected by a sensor device in the interior. The optical radiation strikes an optical element fastened to the inside of the vehicle, which can be designed, for example, as holographic optics, and is deflected by the latter in the direction of the sensor device.

The DE 10 2007 004 609 A1 shows lidar systems and procedures are using multiple lasers. Each laser in an array of lasers can be activated in succession so that a corresponding optical element, which is attached with respect to the array of lasers, generates respective interrogation beams in essentially different directions. Light from these rays is reflected and detected by objects in a vehicle environment, so as to provide information about the objects to vehicle drivers and / or occupants.

The US 5,550,677 A FIG. 5 shows a system device for controlling a plurality of mirrors with variable reflectivity (or mirror segments) that change their reflectance in response to a plurality of drive voltages applied thereto.

The US 2002/0 196 486 A1 shows a holographic optical filter that includes an optical recording medium for storing a plurality of multiplexed reflection holograms formed by successive interference between two or more collimated object beams with a common collimated reference beam. The object rays fall onto the recording material at a number of angles, which are selected such that they provide a reflection efficiency over the desired field of view at the specified wavelength.

The EP 2 390 141 A1 shows a system for reducing the area and volume requirements and for optimizing the transmission for window-mounted optical sensors for motor vehicles.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the invention, an optical sensor arrangement for a vehicle for detecting a vehicle environment through a vehicle window is proposed, which has a holographically optical element that deflects or deflects optical radiation incident from the vehicle environment and preferably passing through the vehicle window to the sensor device.

In the context of the invention, a holographic optical element is understood to mean an optical element in which a hologram, i.e. an interference pattern is recorded. The holographic optical element is thus essentially designed as a hologram, preferably as a volume hologram. Methods for producing such holograms are already well known. The holographic optical element is preferably biplanar, e.g. B. a film, in particular a film attachable to the inside of the pane.

The optical radiation deflected by the holographically optical element can lie in particular in the IR or visible wavelength range. In particular, optical radiation of essentially one wavelength can be deflected. So z. B. IR radiation for use in a night vision system or laser radiation for a laser distance sensor (LIDAR) can also be used.

On the one hand, the sensor device can be imaging, i.e. with at least one camera that has camera optics (lens) and an image sensor, in particular with a matrix arrangement of image pixels. Furthermore, e.g. B. also a laser system, e.g. B. a lidar system for distance measurement may be provided, which thus emits light and receives reflected light.

According to the invention, there are several advantages:

By designing the optical element as a holographic optical element, the incident optical radiation can be deflected in a variety of ways. The deflection can preferably be determined by an interference pattern recorded in the hologram. In this way, interference patterns can be selected which, for example, deflect the optical axis and / or focus and / or split the incident optical radiation and / or split wavelength-dispersively.

If optical radiation strikes the holographically optical element, the optical radiation is transmitted on the recorded interference pattern. In the context of the invention, a holographically optical element is used which transmits optical radiation. In this case, the element can also be formed from two reflecting layers, each reflecting, so that overall transmission takes place.

The holographic optical element can in particular deflect the optical radiation onto the sensor device, i.e. change the axis direction and / or focus, i.e. change the image width, e.g. B. focus more and thus shorten the image width. Thus, the holographic optical element such as an optical component, for. B. act a lens or a prism.

It is preferably also possible to implement different optical components with a holographically optical element, in that the recorded interference pattern has a focusing and beam deflecting effect on the transmitted optical radiation, for example. This advantageously saves space and material. With such a beam deflection corresponding to a mirror and converging lens function, the angle of reflection of the transmitted optical radiation can thus be variably adjusted in the direction of the sensor device.

This results in further advantages:

The sensor device can be installed more flexibly in the vehicle interior, for example space-saving on the headlining or in the area of the rear-view mirror. For example, the optical axis of the sensor device can be aligned in the direction of a hood of the vehicle and the holographically optical element deflect the optical axis of the sensor device onto the vehicle surroundings. As a result, the image width as the distance of the optical element from the sensor device can also be increased, which improves the optical properties.

By designing the holographic optical element as a converging lens, it can advantageously be achieved that the optical radiation can be focused from a larger area onto the sensor device, which increases the light yield. B. with laser distance sensors leads to the fact that more distant objects can be detected.

Advantageously, the holographic optical element can also be designed such that unimportant objects in the vehicle environment, eg. B. the hood can be hidden. This essentially prevents the processing of unnecessary information.

It is also advantageous that the holographically optical element, in particular when configured with a prism function, can also deflect incident optical radiation that is selective in terms of wavelength.

In addition, the hologram can be made very thin, for example as a film with a thickness of e.g. 10µm - 25µm, preferably 20µm, up to a maximum of 200µm.

The thin design has the advantage that the optical element takes up very little space in the interior of the vehicle. In addition, the film can simply be e.g. be applied to an inside of the vehicle window, the film being easily adaptable to the curvature of the inside of the vehicle window. As a result, the outlay for fastening such an optical element can be kept low. However, it is also conceivable to integrate the hologram directly into the pane.

According to the invention, the holographic optical element is designed such that it is perceived differently from different angles; in particular, the holographically optical element appears optically transparent from the driver's line of sight, while from the point of view of the sensor device the optical radiation is deflected from the vehicle environment in accordance with the design of the holographically optical element. The holographic optical element is therefore not distracting or noticeable to the driver.

This results in further advantages:

As a result of the different perception from different viewing directions, the holographic optical element cannot, as is conventional, be arranged only in a specific area in which the driver's field of vision is not influenced, but rather can also protrude into the driver's field of vision. The holographic optical element can thus also be used in the area wiped by the windshield wiper, e.g. be arranged on an inside of the vehicle window without the driver's field of vision being impaired thereby.

Furthermore, a number of holographically optical elements can also be provided, which form a plurality of imaging systems with the sensor device, in particular individual sensors of the sensor device. So z. B different detection areas of the vehicle environment can be mapped to the sensor device (s). The different holographic optical elements can adjoin one another directly or can be attached at a distance from one another, for example on the inside of the vehicle window. In particular, several holographically optical elements can also be implemented on one film.

According to one embodiment, a stereo camera system can be formed which has two spaced cameras which are arranged, for example, in the headlining of the vehicle and which absorb the optical radiation from the vehicle surroundings. Each camera is assigned a holographic optical element, preferably on the inside of the vehicle window, which aligns the optical axis of the respective camera with the vehicle surroundings such that the two optical axes outside the vehicle are directed towards a different detection area and essentially parallel to one another run. The holographically optical elements are preferably spaced further apart from one another than the cameras and thus deflect the optical radiation inward from the two detection areas onto the respective cameras. The cameras thus capture the same vehicle environment from slightly offset positions, so that a spatial image can be created in a known manner by synchronizing the two cameras.

The distance between the two holographically optical elements is preferably chosen so that the two optical axes are approximately a distance in the range of e.g. Have 10cm to 30cm, preferably about 20cm, the distance determines a depth resolution of the stereo camera system and can be adjusted depending on the application. An excessive distance between the optical axes hinders the detection of a part of the close range in front of the vehicle.

This results in further advantages:

To improve the depth resolution, which is determined by the base width, i.e. H. the distance between the two optical axes outside the vehicle is determined, only the distance of the two holographically optical elements from one another has to be adjusted; The distance between the cameras can be chosen to be small in order to keep the space required inside the vehicle small.

list of figures

• 1 shows a side view of a vehicle with a sensor arrangement according to the invention,
• 2 a detailed view of the sensor arrangement according to 1 .
• 3 a representation of the optical beam path according to the embodiment of 1 and 2 , and
• 4 a stereo camera system in a vehicle according to another embodiment.

Embodiments of the invention

One in 1 to 3 shown sensor arrangement 1 in a vehicle 2 has a camera serving as a sensor device 3 and still a holographic optical element 4 on that in a coverage area 6 the camera 3 is arranged. The holographic optical element 4 is on a vehicle window 5 , preferably on the inside 5.1 the vehicle window 5 attached, e.g. B. glued or laminated; the optical element 4 can basically also in the vehicle window 5 be integrated.

The camera 3 points according to 2 a camera optics 9 , e.g. B. a lens, and an image sensor 10 on. In camera optics 9 Several individual lenses are advantageously arranged through the camera optics 9 optical radiation recorded on the image sensor 10 depict. The image sensor 10 and the camera optics 9 thus form an optical axis A.3 out.

Optical radiation is preferably understood to mean light in the visible range or IR range, in particular also radiation in a limited frequency range, e.g. B. IR radiation for use e.g. B. in night vision systems or laser radiation for use in laser distance sensors (LIDAR).

The camera 3 is space-saving in an interior 11 of the vehicle 2 , e.g. B. on a headliner 13 and / or behind a rearview mirror 14 , arranged. For this purpose, a fixing device (not described in more detail here) can be used, which is the camera 3 at a fixed relative distance from the holographic optical element 4 or the vehicle window 5 fixed.

The camera 3 is in the vehicle 2 aligned so that the optical axis A.3 , as in particular in 1 first seen on the hood 2.1 of the vehicle 2 shows. Through the holographic optical element 4 becomes the optical axis A.3 so on a vehicle environment 12 distracted that for the camera 3 unimportant objects of the vehicle environment 12 , for example the bonnet 2.1 , can be hidden. This can reduce the yield of user data from the camera 3 can be increased by only the relevant part of the vehicle environment 12 is recorded.

The holographic optical element 4 is, as in particular in the 2 and 3 shown on the inside 5.1 the vehicle window 5 arranged and lies planar on this. In particular, the optical element adapts 4 to the inside 5.1 the vehicle window 5 so that there are no air pockets between the vehicle window and the holographic optical element 4 arise that affect the quality of the optical image. The holographic optical element can be used for this 4 preferably be designed as a biplanar film, the unwanted prismatic effects being largely avoided by the biplanar design. When implemented as a film, the holographic optical element can be 4 preferably to the shape of the vehicle window 5 just customize. Space and weight can also be saved.

The holographic optical element is advantageous 4 in a region of the vehicle window that can be wiped by a windshield wiper 5 arranged so that optical radiation 15 from the vehicle environment 12 even in the rain or snow through the vehicle window 5 on the holographic optical element 4 can reach and thus still a functionality of the sensor arrangement 1 is guaranteed.

Depending on the design, the holographic optical element can be used to implement different optical functions corresponding to different optical components, for example a lens, mirror or prism. The holographic optical element 4 for this purpose has a light-sensitive layer on which interference patterns are recorded in accordance with the optical function. The inclusion of such interference patterns or methods for producing such holograms are sufficiently known and are not explained in more detail here. Strikes optical radiation 15 on the holographic optical element 4 , so is the optical radiation 15 according to the optical function of the holographic optical element 4 , for example by diffraction of the optical radiation 15 on the recorded interference pattern.

The holographic optical elements 4 can be designed as transmission or reflection holograms, ie the optical function is achieved by transmission or reflection of the incident optical radiation 15 achieved. A transmission hologram is advantageously provided here, in which the incident optical radiation 15 transmitted and then to the camera 3 is distracted. However, the effect of a transmission hologram can also be achieved by two correspondingly designed reflection holograms, for example in FIG DE 10 2007 022 247 A1 is described. The execution of the holographic optical element 4 is therefore generally not limited to a transmission hologram.

The holographic optical element is preferably 4 furthermore formed as a volume hologram, ie the light-sensitive layer of the optical element 4 For example, it has a thickness of 10 µm - 25 µm, preferably 20 µm, so that an interference pattern can be recorded in several planes one above the other.

According to 1 becomes a first optical function of the optical element 4 through beam deflection and focusing of the transmitted optical radiation 15 realized. Ie the optical element 4 acts as a deflecting mirror, which is the transmitted optical radiation 15 of the vehicle environment 12 , preferably regardless of the wavelength, in the direction of the camera 3 distracts and on the camera optics 9 focused so that the angle α relative to the optical element 4 inclined camera optics 9 the optical radiation 15 on the image sensor 10 can map. An angle of incidence γ the incident optical radiation 15 with respect to the optical axis A does not equal the angle of reflection α of the transmitted optical radiation 15 ,

So the camera can 3 also by a larger angle α than in conventional camera systems, in particular in a range between 145 ° and 170 °, preferably 160 °, with respect to the optical element 4 be inclined. This allows the camera 3 further up in the headlining 13 can be installed than with conventional camera systems, which creates space in the interior 11 can be created. In addition, the optical imaging path can be extended as a result, which improves the optical properties of the imaging.

As a further functionality, a wavelength-selective beam deflection can be provided which, for example for a night vision system, only IR radiation in the direction of the camera 3 distracting. The holographic optical element 4 thus has a prismatic effect. This can be implemented, for example, by recording a uniform interference grating structure in a volume hologram, as a result of which incoming optical radiation 15 is diffracted at the grating planes in a wavelength-selective and angle-dependent manner, which can be described mathematically by the well-known Bragg condition. By selecting the grating spacing, the wavelength or a limited wavelength range can be selected which is directed at the camera by the angle α 3 is distracted.

Furthermore, through the optical element 4 a converging lens function can also be realized by recording, for example, a so-called Fresnel zone plate (zone lens) as the interference pattern, which detects the incident optical radiation 15 can focus on an extended point. Such a function can be used, for example, for a laser distance sensor (LIDAR) 22 be provided by a laser 25 for emitting laser radiation 21a and a LIDAR sensor 24 , ie has a wavelength-specific photodetector and enables a distance measurement by means of a transit time measurement. So here is the holographic optical element 4 in the detection area 6.2 of the LIDAR sensor 22 arranged. The reflected laser radiation 21b is from the optical element 4 on the LIDAR sensor 22 focused. Is the optical element 4 designed as a converging lens, it can be achieved that reflected laser radiation 21b recorded in a larger area and on the LIDAR sensor 22 can be focused. This allows the sensor 22 a larger amount of light can be recorded, which leads to an increased performance of the LIDAR sensor 22 leads. In particular, this can increase the range of the LIDAR sensor 22 be enlarged because laser radiation still reflected from objects further away 21b can be recorded.

Through the formation of the optical element 4 as a holographic optical element, the optical element can also be achieved 4 is perceived differently from different angles or ranges of angles, as in particular in 3 is shown. For example, the optical element 4 for the driver 18 with a field of view 17 that along a field of view axis B using the holographic optical element 4 an angle β or an angular range Δβ includes, is aligned, appear transparent while the optical element 4 for the camera 3 , which is aligned along the optical axis A and with the optical element 4 an angle α includes, according to the optical function of the optical element 4 appears.

Thus, the optical element 4 eg from the area behind the rearview mirror 14 also in the field of vision 17 of the driver 18 protrude and an expansion of the optical element 4 is not just on a specific area of the vehicle window 5 limited; thus the optical element 4 also over a large area of the vehicle window 5 extend without the field of vision 17 of the driver 18 is affected.

Furthermore, according to 3 and 4 also several optical elements 4 . 4.1 . 4.2 be provided, which are either spaced apart or arranged on a film such that, for example, each optical element 4.1 . 4.2 forms a portion of the film. Every section or optical element 4.1 . 4.2 can be used to implement another optical function. According to 3 becomes, for example, incident optical radiation 15 from a first optical element 4.1 on the camera optics 9 the camera 3 distracted. The first optical element 4.1 thus forms together with the camera optics 9 a first imaging system 16.1 out. The first optical element 4.1 a second optical element closes directly in the lower area 4.2 at, the second optical element 4.2 eg optical radiation 21 only one wavelength is transmitted and converging lens-like to the sensor 24 distracting. The second optical element 4.2 thus forms together with the sensor 24 a system 16.2 out.

The second optical element 4.2 can in particular also be transparent to that of the camera 3 absorbed radiation 15 be so the optical radiations 15 . 21 the respective other sensor device 22 . 3 do not affect.

Furthermore, the second optical element 4.2 be designed so that objects 20 that are on an outside 5.2 the vehicle window 5 located, can be detected. This can, for. B. a rain sensor or a pollution sensor for the vehicle window 5 will be realized. Such holographic rain sensors are, for example, from the EP 1 470 975 B1 known.

This means that any number of optical elements can be used 4 . 4.1 . 4.2 be provided, also over the vehicle window 5 can be arranged distributed without the field of vision 17 of the driver 18 to affect. In particular, it is also possible to use only one optical element 4 . 4.1 . 4.2 to implement several different optical functions - one on top of the other; this can be achieved in particular by appropriately recording two different, superimposed interference patterns in a volume hologram.

According to the embodiment of the 4 are in the upper area of the vehicle window 5 two spaced apart holographic optical elements 4.1 . 4.2 provided, especially in the areas next to the rearview mirror 14 in the vehicle window 5 are integrated. The holographic optical elements 4.1 . 4.2 act beam deflecting and as a converging lens, so that the incident radiation 15.1 . 15.2 transmitted and up into the headliner 13 on two cameras spaced at a first distance s1 3.1 . 3.2 a stereo camera system 103 is distracted and focused. The two optical elements 4.1 . 4.2 form with the cameras 3.1 . 3.2 one imaging system each 16.1 . 16.2 that the respective optical axes A.1 . A.2 of the cameras 3.1 . 3.2 to a first detection area 23.1 or a second detection area 23.2 of the vehicle environment 12 align. The detection areas 23.1 . 23.2 are slightly offset from each other, so that the vehicle environment 12 is viewed from slightly spaced positions.

In particular, the optical axes run A.1 . A.2 in front of the holographic optical elements 4.1 . 4.2 , ie especially in the vehicle environment 12 , essentially parallel to one another, preferably at a second distance s2 of 30 cm. Between the holographic optical elements 4.3 . 4.4 and the cameras 3.1 . 3.2 , especially in the interior 11 of the vehicle 2 , the optical axes run A.3 . A.4 towards each other and thus form a larger angle than the optical axes A.1 . A.2 outside the vehicle 2 ,

The two cameras 3.1 . 3.2 thus form a stereo camera system 103 with which the vehicle environment 12 can be spatially recorded, it being possible for two synchronously recorded images to be combined in a generally known manner to form a spatially perceptible image, as a result of which distances to objects in front can be determined.

Through the use of holographic optical elements 4.1 . 4.2 can advantageously by the second distance s2 a larger base width for a stereo camera system 103 can be set, which improves the depth resolution without the first distance s1 between the cameras 3.1 . 3.2 to enlarge. This means that the depth resolution of the stereo camera system can also be achieved with limited installation space 103 increase.

The use of such a sensor arrangement 1 is not on the front vehicle window 5 limited. Rather, holographic optical elements 4 also for a rear view camera or on the side of the vehicle, e.g. B. supportive to the side mirrors, are used.

Claims (15)

Optical sensor arrangement (1) for a vehicle (2), the optical sensor arrangement (1) comprising at least: a sensor device (3, 22, 103) for receiving optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) from a vehicle environment ( 12), at least one optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2), which is arranged in a detection area (6, 6.2) of the sensor device (3, 22, 103) and the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) to the Deflects sensor device (3, 22, 103) and the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) from at least one viewing angle (β) of a driver that deviates from the optical axis (A.3) of the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) (18) appears optically transparent, characterized in that the at least one optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) is designed as a holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) which emits the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b ) transmitted to the sensor device (3, 22, 103); and wherein the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) has two reflection holograms which are arranged relative to one another in such a way that incident optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) is transmitted by at least two reflections. Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the holographic optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) transmits the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) only in a limited wavelength range, in particular one wavelength, for example laser radiation (21b) or IR radiation. Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) bundles or focuses the transmitted optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) onto the sensor device (3, 22) to form a lens function, in particular a converging lens -Function. Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) deflects the transmitted optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) by an angle of reflection (α), the angle of reflection (α) is not equal to an angle of incidence (γ) at which the optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2) is incident on the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2). Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) deflects the transmitted optical radiation (15; 15.1, 15.2, 21b) in a wavelength-dispersive manner to form a prism function. Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor device (3, 103) has a camera (3, 3.1, 3.2) with camera optics (9) and an image sensor (10). Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 6 characterized in that the sensor device (103) has a stereo camera system (103) with a first camera (3.1) and a second camera (3,2) spaced from the first camera (3.1), the first camera optics (3.1) with a first holographic optical element (4.1), a first imaging system (16.1) for imaging the optical radiation onto the first image sensor (10) and the second camera (3.2) with a second holographically optical element (4.2) for a second imaging system (16.2) Imaging the optical radiation on the second image sensor (10). Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 7 , characterized in that a camera distance (s1) of the first camera (3.1) to the second camera (3.2) is less than an element distance (s2) between the first and second holographic optical elements (4.1, 4.2). Optical sensor arrangement (1) after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the optical partial axes (A.1, A.2) in front of the holographically optical elements (4.1, 4.2) enclose an angle that is smaller in amount, in particular zero degrees, than the optical partial axes (A.3, A.4) between the holographic optical elements (4.1, 4.2) and the cameras (3.1, 3.2). Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the sensor device (22) is designed as a lidar sensor device (22) with a laser (25) for emitting laser light (21a) and a lidar sensor (24) for receiving laser light (21b) reflected from the vehicle surroundings ), the holographic optical element (4) deflecting the laser light reflected from the vehicle surroundings to the lidar sensor (24). Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) appears optically transparent from an angular range (Δβ) around the driver's viewing angle (β). Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) appears optically transparent from a position below the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2). Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) is designed as a transmission hologram. Optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holographically optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) is designed as a film for attachment to an inside (5.1) of a vehicle window (5). Vehicle (2) comprising: a vehicle window (5), in particular a front window, for separating a vehicle environment (12) from an interior (11) of the vehicle (2), and an optical sensor arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which is provided in the interior (11) of the vehicle (2), wherein the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2) is arranged on the inside (5.1) of the vehicle window (5), and wherein the sensor device (3, 22) records the vehicle environment (12) through the vehicle window (5) and the optical element (4, 4.1, 4.2).

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