DE102013204512A1 - Method and device for increasing the fuse when using battery modules - Google Patents
Method and device for increasing the fuse when using battery modules Download PDFInfo
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- DE102013204512A1 DE102013204512A1 DE102013204512.3A DE102013204512A DE102013204512A1 DE 102013204512 A1 DE102013204512 A1 DE 102013204512A1 DE 102013204512 A DE102013204512 A DE 102013204512A DE 102013204512 A1 DE102013204512 A1 DE 102013204512A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
- B60L2260/40—Control modes
- B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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Abstract
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Herbeiführung eines sicheren Zustands eines Batteriemoduls eines Fahrzeugs, wobei der aktuelle Zustand des Batteriemoduls fortlaufend geprüft und bewertet wird und es sich bei dem herbeizuführenden sicheren Zustand des Batteriemoduls um einen solchen Zustand handelt, in dem Auswirkungen eines schadhaften Batteriemoduls vermindert werden oder die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Schädigung des Batteriemoduls verringert wird, wobei die Herbeiführung des sicheren Zustands in Abhängigkeit einer Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, vollzogen wird.The invention is based on a method for bringing about a safe state of a battery module of a vehicle, wherein the current state of the battery module is continuously checked and evaluated and the safe state of the battery module that is to be brought about is such a state in the effects of a defective battery module are reduced or the probability of damage to the battery module is reduced, the induction of the safe state being carried out as a function of a parameter which suggests an external short circuit of the battery module.
Description
Feld der ErfindungField of the invention
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit beim Gebrauch von Batteriemodulen gemäß dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The present invention relates to a method and a device for increasing the safety in the use of battery modules according to the preamble of the independent claims.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Sicherheitskonzepte für eigensichere Batteriemodule bekannt. Zum Stand der Technik gehören beispielsweise Schmelzsicherungen und Maßnahmen, die zu hohe Spannungen im Bereich der Batteriemodule verhindern oder diesen entgegenwirken. Beispielsweise ist in der
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Herbeiführung eines sicheren Zustands eines Batteriemoduls eines Fahrzeugs, wobei der aktuelle Zustand des Batteriemoduls fortlaufend geprüft und bewertet wird und es sich bei dem herbeizuführenden sicheren Zustand des Batteriemoduls um einen solchen Zustand handelt, in dem Auswirkungen eines schadhaften Batteriemoduls vermindert werden und/oder die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Schädigung eines Batteriemoduls verringert wird.The invention is based on a method for establishing a safe state of a battery module of a vehicle, wherein the current state of the battery module is continuously tested and evaluated and the safe state of the battery module to be brought about is such a state in the effects of a defective battery module be reduced and / or the probability of damage to a battery module is reduced.
Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Herbeiführung des sicheren Zustands, gemäß der kennzeichnenden Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche, in Abhängigkeit einer Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, vollzogen wird. Bei einem externem Kurzschluss handelt es sich beispielsweise um einen Kurzschluss zwischen elektrisch leitenden Kabeln die mit dem Batteriemodul in Kontakt stehen.The essence of the invention is that the achievement of the safe state, according to the characterizing features of the independent claims, depending on a characteristic which is indicative of an external short circuit of the battery module is completed. An external short circuit is, for example, a short circuit between electrically conductive cables that are in contact with the battery module.
Hintergrund der Erfindung ist die Erhöhung der Sicherheit im Umgang mit Batteriemodulen und die Verringerung der Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Schädigung eines Batteriemoduls und/oder die Verminderung der Auswirkungen von schadhaften Batteriemodulen auf die Umgebung. Eine in Abhängigkeit einer Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, vollzogene Herbeiführung des sicheren Zustands des Batteriemoduls führt zu einem sicheren Betrieb des Batteriemoduls im Fall eines externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls und zur Überführung des Batteriemoduls in einen sicheren Zustand. Durch die Überführung des Batteriemoduls in einen sicheren Zustand werden etwaige Gefahren, die durch einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls verursacht werden können, weitestgehend vermieden.The background of the invention is to increase the safety in handling battery modules and to reduce the likelihood of damaging a battery module and / or to reduce the impact of defective battery modules on the environment. Performing the safe state of the battery module as a function of a characteristic which indicates an external short circuit of the battery module leads to safe operation of the battery module in the event of an external short circuit of the battery module and to the transfer of the battery module in a safe state. By transferring the battery module in a safe state any dangers that can be caused by an external short circuit of the battery module, as far as possible avoided.
Erfindungsgemäß ist zudem eine Steuerung für ein eigensicheres Batteriemodul vorgesehen. Die Steuerung ist zur Herbeiführung eines sicheren Zustands des Batteriemoduls geeignet. Dabei wird der aktuelle Zustand des Batteriemoduls fortlaufend geprüft und bewertet und es handelt sich bei dem herbeizuführenden sicheren Zustand des Batteriemoduls um einen solchen Zustand, in dem Auswirkungen eines schadhaften Batteriemoduls vermindert werden und/oder die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Schädigung eines Batteriemoduls verringert wird. Dabei sind Mittel zur Herbeiführung des sicheren Zustands, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit einer Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, vorgesehen.According to the invention, a controller for an intrinsically safe battery module is also provided. The controller is suitable for establishing a safe state of the battery module. In this case, the current state of the battery module is continuously checked and evaluated and the safe state of the battery module to be brought about is such a state in which the effects of a defective battery module are reduced and / or the probability of damage to a battery module is reduced. In this case, means for bringing about the safe state, in particular as a function of a characteristic which is indicative of an external short circuit of the battery module, are provided.
Ferner ist erfindungsgemäß ein eigensicheres Batteriemodul vorgesehen, wobei das eigensichere Batteriemodul gesteuert werden kann.Further, an intrinsically safe battery module is provided according to the invention, wherein the intrinsically safe battery module can be controlled.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung, handelt es sich bei der Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, um einen Strom des Batteriemoduls, insbesondere um einen den elektrochemischen Teil des Batteriemoduls durchfließenden Strom, und/oder um einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Stroms des Batteriemoduls, insbesondere um einen zeitlichen Verlauf des den elektrochemischen Teil des Batteriemoduls durchfließenden Stroms, und/oder um eine Spannung zwischen den Terminals des Batteriemoduls und/oder um einen zeitlichen Verlauf der Spannung zwischen den Terminals des Batteriemoduls.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the parameter indicative of an external short circuit of the battery module is a current of the battery module, in particular a current flowing through the electrochemical part of the battery module, and / or a time profile of the current the battery module, in particular by a time profile of the current flowing through the electrochemical part of the battery module, and / or by a voltage between the terminals of the battery module and / or by a time profile of the voltage between the terminals of the battery module.
Strom und Spannung, sowie die zeitlichen Verläufe von Strom und Spannung, stellen physikalische Zustandsgrößen des Batteriemoduls dar. Die Nutzung dieser Zustandsgrößen führt zu dem Vorteil, sie anhand physikalischer Parameter genau zu bestimmen und quantitativ angegeben zu können.Current and voltage, as well as the temporal courses of current and voltage, represent physical state variables of the battery module. The use of these state variables leads to the advantage that they can be precisely determined on the basis of physical parameters and given quantitatively.
Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung, wird die Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, auf Grundlage anderer Informationen, insbesondere von Informationen aus Fahrzeuginformationssystemen, ermittelt.In accordance with another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the parameter indicative of an external short circuit of the battery module is determined on the basis of other information, in particular information from vehicle information systems.
Die Nutzung insbesondere von Informationen aus Fahrzeuginformationssystemen führt dazu, dass auf eine bereits vorhandene Sensorik zur Bestimmung von Strom und Spannung, sowie der zeitlichen Verläufe von Strom und Spannung, zurückgegriffen werden kann. Dieser Rückgriff führt zu dem Vorteil, Zustandsgrößen, die mittels einer eigens für die Realisierung eines eigensicheren Batteriemoduls bereitgestellten Sensorik ermittelt wurden, wenigstens zu ergänzen oder zu überprüfen.The use in particular of information from vehicle information systems leads to an already existing sensor for Determination of current and voltage, as well as the temporal courses of current and voltage, can be used. This recourse leads to the advantage of at least supplementing or checking state variables which have been determined by means of a sensor system provided specifically for the realization of an intrinsically safe battery module.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorzugsweisen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, wird zur Herbeiführung des sicheren Zustands des Batteriemoduls ein Vergleich der Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des Batteriemoduls schließen lässt, mit einem Schwellenwert vollzogen. Abhängig von dem Vergleich wird eine Aktorik (A1, A2), insbesondere eine Vorrichtung zum Legen eines Strombypass angesteuert. Dabei wird mit der Aktorik (A1, A2), falls die Kenngröße den Schwellenwert für die Dauer eines Zeitintervalls, dessen Ausdehnung von Null verschieden ist, erreicht oder überschreitet, der Strombypass im Bereich des Batteriemoduls aktiviert, sodass das Batteriemodul nicht unkontrolliert entladen wird. Beispielhafte Schwellenwerte können im Fall der Spannung zwischen ungefähr N × 2V und N × 4V, wobei N der Anzahl der in einer Serie geschalteten Batteriezellen im Batteriemodul entspricht, im Fall des Stroms ungefähr zwischen 150 A und 700 A liegen. Die Dauer des Zeitintervalls kann beispielhaft zwischen 10 Sekunden und einigen Stunden liegen.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, to achieve the safe state of the battery module, a comparison of the characteristic, which can be concluded that an external short circuit of the battery module, completed with a threshold value. Depending on the comparison, an actuator system (A1, A2), in particular a device for setting a current bypass, is actuated. In this case, with the actuators (A1, A2), if the parameter reaches or exceeds the threshold value for the duration of a time interval whose extent is different from zero, the current bypass in the region of the battery module is activated so that the battery module is not unloaded in an uncontrolled manner. Exemplary thresholds may be approximately between 150 A and 700 A in the case of the current between approximately N × 2V and N × 4V, where N represents the number of battery cells connected in a series in the battery module. The duration of the time interval can be between 10 seconds and a few hours, by way of example.
Dieses Vorgehen führt zu dem Vorteil eines sicheren Umgangs mit einem Batteriemodul bei dem ein externer Kurzschluss eingetreten ist: Vor allem die kontrollierte Entladung eines Batteriemoduls bei dem ein externer Kurzschluss eingetreten ist er höht die Sicherheit im Umgang mit dem Batteriemodul. Eine kontrollierte Entladung führt darüberhinaus zu dem beispielhaften Vorteil, ein Schmelzen von Kabeln, die mit dem Batteriemodul in Kontakt stehen und die zum Entladen des Batteriemoduls verwendet werden, zu verhindern.This procedure leads to the advantage of safe handling of a battery module in which an external short circuit has occurred: Especially the controlled discharge of a battery module in which an external short circuit has occurred he increases the safety in dealing with the battery module. A controlled discharge also provides the exemplary advantage of preventing the melting of cables that contact the battery module and that are used to discharge the battery module.
Der Schwellenwert kann vorzugsweise von einem elektrischen Zustand des Batteriemoduls und/oder von einer Temperatur des Batteriemoduls abhängen. Beispielhafte Werte der Temperatur, bei denen eine Änderung des Schwellenwertes der Spannung eintritt, können zwischen 50°C und 60°C liegen.The threshold value may preferably depend on an electrical state of the battery module and / or on a temperature of the battery module. Exemplary values of the temperature at which a change in the threshold value of the voltage occurs may be between 50 ° C and 60 ° C.
Entsprechend einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist für das eigensichere Batteriemodul zur Bestimmung des aktuellen Zustands des Batteriemoduls mindestens eine Sensorik (S) zur Erfassung physikalischer Größen des Batteriemoduls vorgesehen.In accordance with a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one sensor system (S) for detecting physical variables of the battery module is provided for the intrinsically safe battery module for determining the current state of the battery module.
Vorteilhafterweise wird wenigstens das oben beschriebene Verfahren oder die Vorrichtung oder die Steuerung oder ein eigensicheres Batteriemodul wenigstens in der Fahrzeugtechnik oder in der Energietechnik verwendet.Advantageously, at least the method or the device or the control described above or an intrinsically safe battery module is used at least in vehicle technology or in power engineering.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Im folgenden Abschnitt wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen, aus denen sich weitere erfinderische Merkmale ergeben können, auf die die Erfindung aber in ihrem Umfang nicht beschränkt ist, erläutert. Die Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.In the following section, the invention will be explained with reference to embodiments, from which further inventive features may arise, but to which the invention is not limited in scope. The embodiments are shown in the drawings.
Es zeigt:It shows:
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
In
Das eigensichere Batteriemodul EB enthält mindestens ein Zellmodul Z, das mindestens eine Batteriezelle BZ enthält. Die mindestens eine Batteriezelle BZ setzt sich aus mechanischen Komponenten und wenigstens einer elektrochemischen Komponente zusammen. Die elektrochemische Komponente wird auch als Chemiesystem des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB bezeichnet. Beispielhaft handelt es sich bei der mindestens einen Batteriezelle BZ um eine Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezelle. Vorzugsweise ist weiterhin eine Sensorik S enthalten, mit der zumindest die Spannung des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB oder der Strom, mit dem das eigensichere Batteriemoduls EB entladen oder beladen werden kann, ermittelt werden kann. Vorzugsweise ist ferner wenigstens eine Komponente BEP zur Batteriezustandserkennung oder zur Voraussage von Batteriezuständen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB oder zur Erkennung oder zur Voraussage von Batteriezustandsgrößen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB enthalten. Vorzugsweise ist ferner eine Aktorik A1 zur Herbeiführung eines sicheren Zustands des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB enthalten; mit der Aktorik A1 kann vorzugsweise wenigstens ein nicht dargestellter Strombypass zwischen elektrischen Anschlüssen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB geschaltet oder eine nicht dargestellte Entladevorrichtung, insbesondere ein Discharge Device, im Bereich des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB zur Anwendung gebracht werden. Zum Zweck der Anwendung, wird die Entladevorrichtung mit den Anschlüssen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB elektrisch verbunden. The intrinsically safe battery module EB contains at least one cell module Z, which contains at least one battery cell BZ. The at least one battery cell BZ is composed of mechanical components and at least one electrochemical component. The electrochemical component is also referred to as the chemistry system of the intrinsically safe battery module EB. By way of example, the at least one battery cell BZ is a lithium-ion battery cell. Preferably, a sensor S is further included, with at least the voltage of the intrinsically safe battery module EB or the current with which the intrinsically safe battery module EB can be unloaded or loaded, can be determined. Furthermore, at least one component BEP for battery state detection or for prediction of battery states of the intrinsically safe battery module EB or for the detection or prediction of battery state variables of the intrinsically safe battery module EB is preferably included. Preferably, an actuator A1 is included for establishing a safe state of the intrinsically safe battery module EB; With the actuator system A1, preferably at least one current bypass, not shown, can be connected between electrical connections of the intrinsically safe battery module EB or an unloading device (not shown), in particular a discharge system, can be used in the area of the intrinsically safe battery module EB. For the purpose of the application, the discharger is electrically connected to the terminals of the intrinsically safe battery module EB.
Wird der Strombypass zwischen den elektrischen Anschlüssen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB geschaltet, kann zwischen den elektrischen Anschlüssen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB ein elektrischer Strom fließen, ohne dass dieser Strom durch die elektrochemische Komponente der mindestens einen Batteriezelle BZ des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB fließt. Der Strombypass kann auch zwischen den Anschlüssen der mindestens einen Batteriezelle BZ geschaltet werden. If the current bypass is connected between the electrical connections of the intrinsically safe battery module EB, an electric current can flow between the electrical connections of the intrinsically safe battery module EB without this current flowing through the electrochemical component of the at least one battery cell BZ of the intrinsically safe battery module EB. The current bypass can also be connected between the terminals of the at least one battery cell BZ.
Vorzugsweise ist ferner eine Aktorik A2 enthalten; mit der Aktorik A2 kann die Ausgangsspannung des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB zumindest gesteuert oder in ihrer Höhe variiert werden. Preferably, an actuator A2 is further included; With the actuator A2, the output voltage of the intrinsically safe battery module EB can at least be controlled or varied in height.
In
Vorzugsweise werden sämtliche in den oben beschriebenen Verfahrensschritten aufgeführten Zustandsgrößen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Sensorik S ermittelt. Die Prüfung und Bewertung der Zustandsgrößen wird dabei vorzugsweise durch die Komponente BEP zur Batteriezustandserkennung durchgeführt. Die in den Verfahrensschritten durchgeführten aktorischen Vorgänge werden beispielsweise mittels der Aktoren A1, A2 vorgenommen. Preferably, all state variables of the intrinsically safe battery module EB listed in the method steps described above are determined, for example, with the aid of a sensor system S. The examination and evaluation of the state variables is preferably carried out by the component BEP for battery state detection. The actuator processes carried out in the method steps are carried out, for example, by means of the actuators A1, A2.
Alternativ zu der Sensorik S, die Teil des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB ist, können weitere, außerhalb des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB bestehende Sensoren zur Ermittlung von Zustandsgrößen des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB verwendet werden. Beispielsweise kann es sich dabei um Sensoren handeln, die zur Ausstattung eines Fahrzeugs gehören, in dem das eigensichere Batteriemodul EB verwendet wird. Beispielhaft kann es sich dabei um Sensoren zur Bestimmung elektrischer Größen wie Strom oder Spannung handeln. As an alternative to the sensor system S, which is part of the intrinsically safe battery module EB, further sensors existing outside the intrinsically safe battery module EB can be used to determine state variables of the intrinsically safe battery module EB. For example, these may be sensors that belong to the equipment of a vehicle in which the intrinsically safe battery module EB is used. By way of example, these may be sensors for determining electrical variables such as current or voltage.
Die Verwendung eines eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB ist in der Fahrzeugtechnik und auch in der Energietechnik möglich.The use of an intrinsically safe battery module EB is possible in vehicle technology and also in power engineering.
In
Im grundsätzlichen Schaltbild sind ein Zellmodul Z, eine Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC und eine Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC dargestellt. The basic circuit diagram shows a cell module Z, a cell monitoring electronics CSC and a module monitoring electronics MSC.
Das Zellmodul Z enthält mindestens eine Batteriezelle BZ. Beispielhaft handelt es sich bei der mindestens einen Batteriezelle BZ um eine Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezelle.The cell module Z contains at least one battery cell BZ. By way of example, the at least one battery cell BZ is a lithium-ion battery cell.
Die Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC enthält die in der Beschreibung zu
Die Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC kommuniziert mit der Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC. Die Kommunikation zwischen Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC und Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC kann drahtlos oder drahtgebunden über eine Kommunikationsleitung KL erfolgen. Im Rahmen der Kommunikation zwischen der Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC und der Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC werden Daten über mindestens eine Batteriezelle BZ übertragen. Ferner verfügt die Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC über die Sensorik S zur Überwachung des Zellmoduls Z. The module monitoring electronics MSC communicates with the cell monitoring electronics CSC. The communication between cell monitoring electronics CSC and module monitoring electronics MSC can be wireless or wired via a communication line KL. As part of the communication between the module monitoring electronics MSC and the cell monitoring electronics CSC data is transmitted via at least one battery cell BZ. Furthermore, the module monitoring electronics MSC has the sensors S for monitoring the cell module Z.
In Abhängigkeit des Zustands der mindestens einen Batteriezelle BZ oder des Zellmoduls Z kann die Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC agieren. Die Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC enthält zu diesem Zweck wenigstens zwei ein- und ausschaltbare Halbleiterventile HV1 und HV2 und zwei Dioden D1 und D2. Je ein ausschaltbares Halbleiterventil und eine Diode bilden eine Depending on the state of the at least one battery cell BZ or the cell module Z, the module monitoring electronics MSC act. For this purpose, the module monitoring electronics MSC contains at least two semiconductor valves HV1 and HV2 which can be switched on and off and two diodes D1 and D2. Each switchable semiconductor valve and a diode form one
Halbbrückenanordnung. Eine obere Halbbrückenanordnung, enthaltend HV1 Und D1, wird in der Zeichnung mit Ho, eine untere Halbbrückenanordnung, enthaltend HV2 und D2, mit Hu bezeichnet. Die obere Halbbrückenanordnung und die untere Halbbrückenanordnung bilden einen steuerbaren Leistungsschalter L.Half-bridge arrangement. An upper half-bridge arrangement comprising HV1 and D1 is denoted H o in the drawing, a lower half-bridge arrangement containing HV2 and D2 is H u . The upper half-bridge arrangement and the lower half-bridge arrangement form a controllable power switch L.
Im Normalfall, beispielsweise im regulären Betriebszustand eines eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB, ist die obere Halbbrückenanordnung Ho eingeschaltet, die untere Halbbrückenanordnung Hu ist ausgeschaltet. In diesem Zustand führt die Zellüberwachungselektronik CSC einen Ladungsausgleich zwischen mindestens zwei Batteriezellen BZ durch.In the normal case, for example, in the regular operating state of an intrinsically safe battery module EB, the upper half-bridge arrangement H o is turned on, the lower half-bridge arrangement H u is turned off. In this state, the cell monitoring electronics CSC carries out a charge equalization between at least two battery cells BZ.
Erkennt die Modulüberwachungselektronik MSC anhand einer Kenngröße, die auf einen externen Kurzschluss des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB schließen lässt, dass ein Strombypass im Bereich des eigensicheren Batteriemoduls EB gelegt werden muss, wird die obere Halbbrückenanordnung Ho aus- und die untere Halbbrückenanordnung Hu eingeschaltet. Der Strom, der durch das Zellmodul Z fließt, fließt dann über die untere Halbbrückenanordnung Hu. If the module monitoring electronics MSC detects a current bypass in the region of the intrinsically safe battery module EB by means of a parameter indicative of an external short circuit of the intrinsically safe battery module EB, the upper half-bridge arrangement H o is switched off and the lower half-bridge arrangement H u is switched on. The current flowing through the cell module Z then flows through the lower half-bridge arrangement H u .
Neben der in
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102011113798 A1 [0002] DE 102011113798 A1 [0002]
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