DE102013109156A1 - Extruded automotive heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a motor vehicle heat exchanger comprising a housing (2) in which two channels (11, 12) are formed, for the passage and heat exchange of two fluids (5, 6), wherein at the ends (3) of the housing (2). in each case a cover (4) is arranged. The motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that the housing (2) is formed as a one-piece light metal extrusion component, wherein a slide-in cassette (13) is arranged as a light metal extruded component in the housing (2) and in the slide-in cassette (13), a first channel (11) is formed and a second channel (12) is formed between the housing inner lateral surface (22) and insertion cassette outer lateral surface, and extensions (17) are formed in the insertion cassette (13) in the interior of the insertion cassette (13) and the covers (4) are formed as a diffuser.

Description

The present invention relates to a motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.

From the prior art it is known to use internal combustion engines in motor vehicles for generating kinetic energy. Here, the chemical energy contained in the fuel is converted into mechanical energy. The combustion process is subject to the ideal Carnot process, which is why the efficiency of energy conversion is limited to a maximum of 40%. This means that a maximum of 40% of the energy contained in the fuel can be converted into kinetic energy and the remaining energy is dissipated to the environment in the form of the heat generated during the combustion process.

In order to protect the mechanical components of the internal combustion engine, which are usually made of metallic materials, from mechanical damage due to high temperature influences, motor vehicle heat exchangers are used, which are used for example with the aid of cooling media such as cooling water in a cooling circuit such that they are used in conjunction with the Provide the airstream with a cooling medium.

It is also known from the prior art to regulate the lubricants used in the internal combustion engine in the form of engine oil by means of cooling media to an operating temperature and to cool significantly. In addition, automotive heat exchangers are also used in charging processes, so that charge air, which is supplied to the internal combustion engine in a compressed form, is cooled or motor vehicle heat exchangers are used for cooling the exhaust gas.

For this purpose, automotive heat exchangers of various designs are known from the prior art. In most cases, these are made of a metallic material, wherein the individual component components are usually joined together by means of soldering operations. For example, is from the EP 0 751 364 B1 a plate heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, which is made of a stack of heat exchanger plates to form separate flow channels for the heat exchanging media. For this purpose, the individual plates are interconnected and joined together by joining technique.

Another plate heat exchanger is for example from the DE 10 2009 041 524 A1 known, wherein individual heat exchanger plates are made as deep-drawn sheet metal parts and stacked to form channels and joined together.

A disadvantage of such known plate heat exchangers is that they are susceptible to leakage over the period of use, in particular due to the different thermal effects of up to -30 ° C or even 40 ° C outside temperature and up to 100 ° C or even 200 ° C operating temperature or but to produce a longer life are very expensive to produce.

Object of the present invention is, starting from the above prior art, to provide a motor vehicle heat exchanger, which is particularly simple and inexpensive to produce, allows a high heat transfer between the individual fluids and at the same time is robust and durable.

The aforementioned object is achieved with a motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the features in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The motor vehicle heat exchanger in this case has a housing, wherein in the housing at least two channels are formed, which serve for the passage and heat exchange of two fluids, wherein at the ends of the housing in each case a lid is arranged. The motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that the housing is formed as a one-piece light metal extruded component, wherein a plug-in cartridge is arranged as a light metal extrusion in the housing and in the drawer cartridge, a first channel is formed and between the housing inner shell surface and drawer outer surface a second channel is formed and in the interior of the Insertion cassette directed extensions are formed and the lid are designed as a diffuser.

In the context of the invention, it is thus possible to provide a motor vehicle heat exchanger, which is inexpensive to produce, since the main components of the motor vehicle heat exchanger can be produced by means of extrusion molding. In addition, the motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention is constructed such that particularly few coupling or joining points are present. As a result, the automotive heat exchanger undergoes a long life expectancy and possible error rates, such as leaks due to cracking or the like, are largely avoided.

Furthermore, in this context, the use of the light metal, which is in particular an aluminum alloy, offers the advantage that as it were a high heat transfer between the fluids is realized, due to the good thermal conductivity of the light metal used.

Due to the cover and its design as a respective diffuser, it is possible that the two fluids flow through the lid according to the motor vehicle heat exchanger and can flow out due to the diffuser property of the lid, the inflowing or outflowing fluids are advantageously distributed to the respective channels , As a result, it is again possible on the one hand for the fluids to be distributed essentially uniformly over the available channels, and secondly for the pressure drop of the fluids to be minimized as far as possible on account of the flow through the motor vehicle heat exchanger.

In the housing further preferably two or more, in particular four, more preferably eight insertion cassettes are arranged, wherein in the insertion cassettes each have a first channel is formed and between the Gehäuseinnenmantelfläche and the Einschubkassettenaußenmantelflächen a second channel is formed. Especially with a rectangular cross-section configuration of the housing, most preferably a nearly square cross-sectional configuration, two, four or eight plug-in cassettes can thus be placed in the housing, so that an optimum between external component dimensions of said motor vehicle heat exchanger and available lateral surfaces for the respective heat exchange with the fluids are provided.

Further preferably, the housing and the slide-in cassettes are designed as separate components or else the housing and the slide-in cassettes are formed as an integral, material-uniform extrusion component. On the one hand, the formation which is different from one another has the advantage that different materials and / or different light metal alloys from one another can be used for the outer housing and the insertion cassettes. For example, a light metal alloy which is resistant to external mechanical influences can be used for the housing, whereas a light-metal alloy which is softer but provided with better thermal conduction properties is used to form the insertion cassettes. It is also possible to produce the insertion cassettes themselves with a more complex cross-sectional geometry compared to the housing, which has a simpler, single-walled cross-sectional geometry.

In contrast, it is possible, when using a one-piece and uniform material extruded profile for producing the motor vehicle heat exchanger with housing and thus integrally coupled and material uniformly coupled slide cassettes this particularly preferably produce cost-effective in production.

So that the slide-in cassettes are arranged fixed in position even in the housing, separating webs are formed, which extend along the longitudinal direction of the housing, wherein the separating webs fix the slide-in cassette in the housing at a constant distance and / or that in turn between the slide-in cassettes separating webs are formed. In the case of the one-piece and material uniformly formed extruded profile housing with integrated slide-in cassettes, the dividers are also integral with two components mentioned above and the same material and are produced directly in the extrusion process. If slide-in cassettes and housings are produced as components that are different from one another, it is possible to produce the partitions on the slide-in cassettes and / or the housing in an extrusion process, or else to produce the partitions as third, separate components. Particularly preferably, the separating webs are formed such that they are designed in the manner of a tongue and groove plug system or rail system, such that the plug-in cassettes can be inserted into the housing and are arranged by positive positional fixation in the housing. An additional fixing position, for example by material adhesion, is eliminated.

Further particularly preferred directed extensions are formed in the insertion cassette in the interior of the insertion cassette, wherein the extensions themselves extend as a web in the longitudinal direction of the insertion cassette. The extensions can thus also be produced in the extrusion process for producing the insertion cassettes as it were. In particular, the extensions in the interior are pointing circumferentially in each radial direction of the drawer oriented oriented to this. Preferably, the extensions are formed in one piece and the same material with the insertion cassette. Furthermore, the inner jacket surface of the insertion cassette is preferably enlarged by the extensions in such a way that the surface available for the heat transfer is correspondingly increased.

Further preferably, the extensions themselves have a profiled surface in cross-section, in particular a wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped surface. Due to the profiled surface, it is possible that the inner lateral surface of the drawer cassette compared to the surface of the drawer cartridge with rectilinear extensions increased by 1.5 to 2.5 times. Again, it is again possible to produce in the extrusion process, the wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped surface of the extensions directly by a corresponding extrusion tool in the extrusion process.

Further advantages, features, properties and aspects are the subject of the description below. Preferred embodiments are shown in the schematic figures. These are for easy understanding of the invention. Show it:

1 a motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention in a perspective view;

2 the motor vehicle heat exchanger in explosive representation;

3a to c the motor vehicle heat exchanger in a side view, a plan view and in a longitudinal sectional view;

4 a cross-sectional view through the motor vehicle heat exchanger with multiple drawer cassettes;

5 a detailed view of 4 ;

6a to e a lid according to the invention formed as a diffuser in various perspective sectional views;

7a to d the lid according to the invention in a plan view and various sectional views and

8th different cross-sectional geometries of possible extensions.

In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components, even if a repeated description is omitted for reasons of simplicity.

1 shows the motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention 1 in a perspective view. The automotive heat exchanger 1 has a centrally located housing 2 on, being at the respective ends 3 of the housing 2 one lid each 4 is arranged. The respective lid 4 is designed as a diffuser, so that in the lid 4 inflowing fluids 5 . 6 according to the in the motor vehicle heat exchanger 1 be divided channels. fluid 5 is, for example, heated air from the compressor and fluid 6 is cooling liquid. A respective lid 4 has a laterally circumferential flange 7 in the longitudinal direction 8th of the housing 2 this at least partially overlaps. Further illustrated in 1 is that a first fluid 5 correspondingly in the longitudinal direction 8th in the automotive heat exchanger 1 flows in and also in the longitudinal direction 8th from the motor vehicle heat exchanger 1 flows. A second fluid 6 flows thereby transversely to the longitudinal direction 8th the motor vehicle heat exchanger 1 in the lid designed as a diffuser 4 a, flows through the motor vehicle heat exchanger 1 even then in the longitudinal direction 8th and flows transversely to the longitudinal direction 8th again from the lid located on the opposite side 4 out. The automotive heat exchanger 1 itself will then be in the case 2 operated in DC mode. However, it is also possible within the scope of the invention, the motor vehicle heat exchanger 1 operate in countercurrent principle. In particular, the heat exchanger 1 operated as a gas-liquid heat exchanger, in particular as an exhaust gas heat exchanger.

2 shows an exploded view of the motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention 1 , where shown here in the respective lid 4 a pipe socket 9 is inserted to accommodate unspecified connection cables.

Between housing 2 and lid 4 is in each case a solder additive material 10 used in the automotive heat exchanger 1 located different channels of each other with respect to the inflow of fluids 5 . 6 through the lid 4 separates.

3a and b show beyond that in the case of 3a a side view and in the case of 3b a plan view of the motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention 1 , 3c shows a longitudinal sectional view through the motor vehicle heat exchanger according to the invention 1 , Here is good to see that in the case 2 two different channels 11 . 12 are formed. This is a first channel 11 formed, which differs from the designed as a diffuser lid 4 for the passage of a first fluid 5 suitable. Here are in the housing 2 insert modules 13 arranged according to the invention in one piece with the housing 2 may be formed or separately in the housing 2 are inserted. Inside the slide-in cassettes 13 is thus a first channel 11 formed, where shown here four plug-in cassettes 13 are arranged so that four times a first channel 11 for the passage of a first fluid 5 is trained. The first fluid 5 thus passes through the lid 4 On the image plane, referring to the left side, the insert cassettes flows through 13 and leaves the picture plane on the right side again the housing 2 through the lid arranged there 4 ,

Through the pipe socket 9 a second fluid flows 6 in a second channel 12 one, the second channel 12 is formed such that an annular pipe section 14 the lid 4 with reference to 3a and b as well 2 and 1 includes, so that through the annular tube section 14 a corresponding second fluid 6 in the case 2 between the slide-in cassettes 13 divided so that the second channel 12 between the plug-in cassettes 13 located. The second fluid 6 thus flows on the image plane on the left side over the pipe socket 9 a, is over the annular pipe section 14 divided so that it is between the slide cassettes 13 flows and on the right side according to the image plane 3c again from the second channel 12 flows. Over the walls 16 or the surfaces A of the insertion cassettes 13 then finds a heat exchange between the first fluid 5 and second fluid 6 instead of.

4 shows a further embodiment in cross-sectional view of the housing according to the invention 2 with eight plug-in cassettes inserted in it 13 , The slide-in cassettes 13 according to 4 However, they are not integral and material uniform with the housing 2 manufactured, but as a separate components. However, the insertion cassettes are also preferred 13 manufactured in extruded construction. So the plug-in cassettes 13 in the case 2 remain fixed in position, are also webs 15 provided, these in grooves 18 on the slide-in cassette 13 engage, in the manner of a tongue and groove connector system. Preferably, the webs extend 15 and grooves 18 longitudinal 8th of the housing 2 , In the context of the invention, it is also possible that the grooves 18 and footbridges 15 additionally be cohesively coupled.

5 shows a detailed view of the housing 2 with therein insertion cassette 13 , It can be seen once again that the case 2 a footbridge 15 on the housing 2 in between the case 2 and the slide-in cassette 13 trained second channel 12 shows, as well as in the slide-in cassette 13 itself a first channel 11 is trained. At the slide-in cassette 13 is accordingly a groove 18 trained in the the bridge 15 of the housing 2 intervenes. On the upper side of the picture plane is also a bridge 15 formed on the slide-in cassette 13 is arranged facing outwards and into a groove 18 on the housing 2 intervenes. In the slide-in cassette 13 themselves are extensions 17 formed, with the extensions 17 not here in one piece and material uniform with the slide-in cassette 13 are formed, but also turn as inserts into the slide-in cassette 13 themselves are used. Here is the insert with the extensions 17 formed in two parts and with the inner circumferential surface 22 the slide-in cassette 13 at least positively coupled. The surface 23 of the extensions 17 itself in turn has a profiling, which in 8th is described in more detail.

6 and 7 show the systematic structure of the lid 4 in the form of a diffuser. In the 6a and 7a is the lid 4 shown in a perspective view and a plan view. In the lid 4 There is a centrally formed inlet for the first channel 11 , which is embraced at the edge of an annular pipe section 14 in which the second channel 12 is trained. A second fluid 6 thus flows in particular shown in 6c such as 7b through a pipe socket 9 in the second channel formed there 12 a and flows around the first channel 11 and thus can be in the second channel 12 inside the case 2 split. The cutting plane underneath, shown in 6d as in 7d , in turn, has the corresponding first channels 11 on, here according to 5 eight plug-in cassettes 13 are and accordingly the first fluid 5 eight times on each first channel 11 is split. In between is a second channel 12 that's the fluid 6 according to the fact that it is outside the heat exchanger cassettes, but within the housing 2 this flows through and a corresponding heat exchange through the walls 16 the heat exchanger cassettes takes place.

According to the invention, it is further provided that according to 8th the extensions 17 even in their surface 23 are enlarged.

These are, as first in 8th shown, based on the image level below each a small extension 17 followed by a large extension 17 followed again by a smaller appendage 17 , This results in an enlargement of the surface 23 by 9.74 times. Preferred are the large extensions 17 almost twice the size of the small appendages 17 ,

Based on the image plane above, thus shown in the middle, there is a further enlargement of the surface 23 at the great extensions 17 such that a sawtooth-shaped structure 24 is made, so that the extension 17 in an upper portion in cross section has the shape of a Christmas tree. This results in an enlargement of the surface 23 around 12.3 times.

In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible, the respective major extensions 17 , as in 8th shown above, by a wave-shaped course in an upper shoulder in the surface 23 to enlarge further. This results in an increase of surface 23 opposite the inner circumferential surface 22 the slide-in cassette 13 around 10.95 times.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Automotive heat exchangers

2

casing

3

End to 2

4

cover

5

first fluid

6

second fluid

7

flange

8th

Longitudinal direction too 2

9

pipe socket

10

Lotzusatzwerkstoff

11

first channel

12

second channel

13

plug-in unit

14

annular pipe section

15

web

16

Wall to 1

17

extension

18

groove

19

Jetty too 13

20

Groove too 2

21

commitment

22

Inner jacket surface too 13

23

Surface too 17

24

sawtooth-shaped structure

A

surface

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0751364 B1 [0005]
• DE 102009041524 A1 [0006]

Claims (7)

Automotive heat exchanger comprising a housing ( 2 ), in which two channels ( 11 . 12 ), for the passage and heat exchange of two fluids ( 5 . 6 ), whereby at the ends ( 3 ) of the housing ( 2 ) each a lid ( 4 ), characterized in that the housing ( 2 ) is formed as a one-piece light-metal extrusion component, wherein a slide-in cassette ( 13 ) as a light-metal extrusion component in the housing ( 2 ) and in the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) a first channel ( 11 ) is formed and between Gehäuseinnenmantelfläche ( 22 ) and plug-in cassette outer surface area a second channel ( 12 ) is formed and in the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) in the interior of the slide-in cassette ( 13 directed extensions ( 17 ) are formed and the lid ( 4 ) are formed as a diffuser. Automotive heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that in the housing ( 2 ) two or more, in particular four and particularly preferred eight plug-in cassettes ( 13 ) are arranged, wherein in the respective slide-in cassettes ( 13 ) a first channel ( 11 ) is formed and between the Gehäuseinnenmantelfläche ( 22 ) and the drawer cassette outer lateral surfaces a second channel ( 12 ) is trained. Motor vehicle heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 2 ) and the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) are formed as separate extrusion components or that the housing ( 2 ) and the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) are formed as a one-piece and uniform material extruded component. Motor vehicle heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 2 ) is rectangular in cross-section and that the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) is rectangular in cross-section. Motor vehicle heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) and the housing ( 2 ) Dividers ( 15 ) are formed in the longitudinal direction ( 8th ) of the housing ( 2 ), wherein the separating webs ( 15 ) the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) in the housing ( 2 ) at a constant distance and / or that between the slide-in cassettes ( 13 ) Dividers ( 15 ) are formed. Motor vehicle heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extensions ( 17 ) as a bridge ( 15 ) longitudinal ( 8th ) of the slide-in cassette ( 13 ), wherein the extensions ( 17 ) in one piece and uniform material with the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) are formed or the extensions ( 17 ) are manufactured separately and in the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) are used. Motor vehicle heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extensions ( 17 ) has a cross-sectional profiled surface ( 23 ), in particular a wave-shaped or sawtooth-shaped surface ( 24 ), in particular by the profiled surface ( 23 ) the inner circumferential surface ( 22 ) of the slide-in cassette ( 13 ) opposite the surface ( 23 ) of the extensions ( 17 ) is increased by 1.5 times to 2.5 times.

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