DE102013021398A1 - Single cell for one battery, cell block and battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a single cell (3) for a battery which comprises an electrode foil arrangement (4) arranged between two shell-shaped housing halves (1, 2) whose anode foils (4.1) are connected in sections to a first housing half (1), cathode foils (4.2 ) are connected to a second housing half (2), wherein the housing halves (1, 2) in a respective housing half (1, 2) surrounding web-shaped connecting region (1.1, 2.1) are interconnected. According to the invention, the web-shaped connecting region (1.1, 2.1) of a longitudinal side (1.4, 2.4) of the respective housing half (1, 2) extends from essentially an upper end to a lower end and the web-shaped connecting region (1.1, 2.1) of an opposite longitudinal side (1.5, 2.5) extends substantially from a lower end to an upper end, wherein the connecting region (1.1, 2.1) is arranged on a respective transverse side (1.2, 1.3, 2.2, 2.3) substantially in an upper region or in a lower region, wherein Flat sides of the housing halves (1, 2) extend substantially parallel to each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cell block (7) and a battery.

Description

The invention relates to a single cell for a battery, which comprises an electrode foil arrangement arranged between two shell-shaped housing halves, the electrode foils of which are electrically connected in sections to a first housing half, wherein electrode foils of the other electrical polarity are connected to a second housing half. In addition, the invention relates to a cell block with a number of such interconnected single cells and a battery with at least one such cell block.

A battery, in particular a high-voltage battery, for vehicle applications has a number of electrically connected in series and / or parallel single cells, which are arranged with an associated electronics and tempering in a battery case. A designed as a bipolar Rahmenflachzelle single cell has two housing halves, which are spaced apart by means of an electrically insulating frame member, wherein the respective housing half forms an electrical pole of the single cell. The two housing halves are firmly bonded to one another in an edge region. In the interior of the single cell, an electrode foil arrangement is arranged, wherein in each case electrode foils of one polarity are led out uncoated at an edge area and connected to one another. These interconnected electrode foil sections are connected as Stromableiterfahnen with an inside of a housing half.

The invention has for its object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved single cell, an improved cell block and an improved battery.

The object is achieved with respect to the single cell by the in claim 1, with respect to the cell block by the in claim 7 and in terms of the battery by the features specified in claim 8.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

An individual cell for a battery comprises an electrode foil arrangement arranged between two shell-shaped housing halves, the anode foils of which are connected in sections to a first housing half, wherein cathode foils are connected to a second housing half, wherein the housing halves are connected to one another in a web-shaped connecting region surrounding the respective housing half. According to the invention, the web-shaped connecting region of a longitudinal side of the respective housing half extends from an essentially upper end to a lower end, and the web-shaped connecting region of an opposite longitudinal side extends essentially from a lower end to an upper end, wherein the connecting region is substantially in one at a respective transverse side is arranged at the top or in a lower region, wherein flat sides of the housing halves extend substantially parallel to each other.

Characterized in that the connecting portion is formed and arranged on the housing halves, an area of a transverse side of a housing half is increased without a required space requirement of the single cell is increased. Since the area of this corresponding lateral side is increased, a contact surface for the electrical contacting of electrode films of the corresponding polarity, i. H. the anode foils and cathode foils, and the respective housing half enlarged. Thus, a larger space, in particular for the cohesive connection of the electrode films with the surface of this transverse side is available in an advantageous manner. This in turn improves the supply and removal of current into the electrode foil arrangement, whereby, for example, a contact resistance is reduced by a larger welding cross-section and tempering of the individual cell is likewise improved.

In one embodiment of the invention, a cross-sectional area of the electrode foil arrangement essentially corresponds to a surface of a first transverse side of the respective housing half, so that it is possible for the electrode foils of the respective polarity to be in abutment, without bending being required due to the available installation space first transverse side of the corresponding housing half to connect.

Preferably, a closable filling opening for an electrolyte is introduced into the first transverse side of a housing half. The introduction of the filling opening in the first transverse side is advantageously possible, since the surface of the first transverse side of the respective housing half is enlarged by the formation thereof, without increasing a required space requirement of the individual cell itself. By means of such a filling opening, it is advantageously possible to fill an electrolyte in the single cell, after it is closed.

Preferably, a contact element protruding perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the housing half for welding the housing half to a contact element of an immediately adjacent individual cell to form a cell block is formed on the web-shaped connecting region of at least one housing half.

In a further embodiment, an inner surface of the respective housing half, except the surface of the first transverse side, provided with an electrical insulation element, so that a short circuit within the single cell avoided and thereby the risk of thermal runaway this is at least reduced.

In one embodiment, at least one of the respective other housing half facing surface of the connecting portion is circumferentially provided with a thermoplastic material, whereby the two housing halves for closing the single cell are cohesively fastened to each other. By means of the cohesive attachment, an arrangement of separate fasteners is not required in an advantageous manner.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a cell block with a number of such electrically interconnected single cells.

Moreover, the invention relates to a battery with at least one such cell block.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Showing:

1 FIG. 2 schematically shows a longitudinal section of mutually arranged housing halves according to the prior art, FIG.

2 schematically a longitudinal section of two mutually arranged housing halves,

3 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exploded view of a single cell;

4 schematically a perspective view of the single cell in the assembled state,

5 schematically a longitudinal section of the single cell,

6 schematically a plan view of the single cell,

7 schematically a cross section of the single cell,

8th schematically a sectional view of the single cell in front of a closure,

9 schematically a longitudinal section of the single cell after a closure,

10 schematically a perspective view of the single cell in front of a closure,

11 schematically a perspective view of the single cell after a closure,

12 schematically a semi-transparent view of the single cell in an assembly,

13 schematically a perspective view of a cell block with an individual cell spaced therefrom,

14 schematically a perspective view of the cell block in the assembled state, and

15 schematically a sectional view of the cell block in the assembled state.

Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a longitudinal section of two mutually arranged shell-shaped housing halves 1 . 2 a bipolar Rahmenflachzelle executed, including in 3 detailed single cell 3 According to the state of the art.

The housing halves 1 . 2 are metallic and each form an electrical pole of the single cell 3 , The housing halves 1 . 2 are circumferentially angled, creating a circumferential ridge-shaped connection area 1.1 . 2.1 is formed, which closes the single cell 3 serves.

One inside the single cell 3 arranged, in 2 illustrated stacked electrode foil assembly 4 consists of anode foils 4.1 , Cathode foils 4.2 and at least one separator foil by means of which the anode foils 4.1 and the cathode foils 4.2 are electrically isolated from each other.

At an end face of the electrode foil arrangement 4 are the anode foils 4.1 and on an opposite end face of the electrode foil assembly 4 are the cathode foils 4.2 uncoated from the electrode foil assembly 4 brought out and attached to each other as Stromableiterfahnen. The anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 the respective polarity are angled and with an inside of a front lateral side 1.2 . 2.2 cohesively connected, in particular welded. Here are the anode foils 4.1 with a front-side first transverse side 1.2 a first housing half 1 and the cathode foils 4.2 with a front-side first transverse side 2.2 a second housing half 2 connected. The first half of the case 1 thus forms a negative terminal and the second housing half 2 a plus pole of the single cell 3 ,

The respective housing half 1 . 2 in the prior art is designed shell-shaped, that the respective housing half 1 . 2 always the same depth, the first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 , second transverse sides 1.3 . 2.3 and the long sides 1.4 . 1.5 . 2.4 . 2.5 the respective housing half 1 . 2 So all have the same height h. The dimensions of all pages correspond 1.2 to 1.5 and 2.2 to 2.5 the respective housing half 1 . 2 substantially one half the thickness of the electrode foil assembly 4 less the transition areas between a tray bottom and all sides 1.2 to 1.5 and 2.2 to 2.5 and the transition areas between the sides 1.2 to 1.5 and 2.2 to 2.5 and the respective connection area 1.1 . 2.1 ,

Due to a given installation space for the respective single cell 3 and such a design of the housing halves 1 . 2 is an area of the inside of the first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 for contacting and cohesive connection with the anode foils 4.1 or cathode foils 4.2 the respective polarity comparatively low.

Around this area the inside of the first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 the respective housing half 1 . 2 for contacting with the anode foils 4.1 or the cathode foils 4.2 to increase, is provided, the housing halves 1 . 2 such that the connection areas 1.1 . 1.2 on the long sides 1.4 . 1.5 . 2.4 . 2.5 obliquely, as based on a longitudinal section of the housing halves arranged one above the other 1 . 2 in 2 is shown.

This is how the connection area runs 1.1 on the first longitudinal side 1.4 the first half of the housing 1 essentially from a lower end to an upper end, wherein the connection area 2.1 on the first longitudinal side 2.4 the second half of the housing 2 from an upper end to a lower end, leaving the connecting areas 1.1 . 2.1 are not perpendicular but obliquely formed. Here are the flat sides of the housing halves 1 . 2 arranged substantially parallel to each other.

By thus formed oblique course of the connection areas 1.1 . 2.1 the area of the first transverse sides increases 1.2 . 2.2 the housing halves 1 . 2 , In particular, the area of the first transverse sides increases 1.2 . 2.2 such that a height h of these first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 largely the thickness of the electrode foil assembly 4 corresponds, such as in 5 is shown in more detail. This changes a required space for the arrangement of the single cell 3 compared to the formation of the housing halves 1 . 2 not in the prior art.

The first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 the housing halves 1 . 2 are opposite each other, wherein the enlargement of the area as a contact area for contacting the anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 with the corresponding first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 is also enlarged. Thus, there is more space for a welded connection of the anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 with the respective housing half 1 . 2 to disposal. This also improves the supply and discharge of current into the electrode foil arrangement 4 when loading and unloading the single cell 3 because an electrical contact resistance is reduced due to an enlarged welding cross-section.

Furthermore, results from such a design of the housing halves 1 . 2 and the consequent enlarged weld cross-section improved temperature of the single cell 3 ,

3 shows a perspective view of an exploded view of the single cell 3 ,

For electrical insulation between the electrode foil assembly 4 and the housing parts 1 . 2 is a first and a second plastic shell 5 . 6 provided, whose respective shape with the shape of a housing half 1 . 2 corresponds, so that the respective plastic shell 5 . 6 in a half of the housing 1 . 2 can be arranged.

For electrical contacting of the anode foils 4.1 with the first transverse side 1.2 the first half of the housing 1 is in a first plastic shell 5 a rectangular recess 5.1 brought in. Through this rectangular recess 5.1 are the anode foils 4.1 can be passed and with the first transverse side 1.2 the first housing half welded.

A second plastic shell 6 also has one of the first transverse side 2.2 facing rectangular recess 6.1 on, at least in 10 is shown closer and through the interconnected cathode foils 4.2 for electrical contact with the second housing half 2 can be passed.

The two plastic bowls 5 . 6 have a web-shaped projecting edge area 5.2 . 6.2 on, in the assembled state of the single cell 3 , as in 4 is shown between the connection areas 1.1 . 2.1 the two housing halves 1 . 2 is arranged. For closing the single cell 3 this can be arranged in a hot pressing device, so that a plastic plastic shells 5 . 6 at least partially melted. By means of the plastic, the two housing halves 1 . 2 when cooled under pressure cohesively to each other attachable, wherein the single cell 3 sealed against the environment.

At the connection area 1.1 . 2.1 the respective housing half 1 . 2 are two perpendicular from the respective connection area 1.1 . 2.1 protruding contact elements 1.6 . 2.6 for welding the housing halves 1 . 2 with a contact element 1.6 . 2.6 an immediately adjacent single cell 3 to form one in the 13 to 15 shown cell block 7 arranged or formed.

4 shows a perspective view of the single cell 3 in the assembled state.

The 5 to 7 each show a different view of the single cell 3 , where in 5 a longitudinal section, in 6 a top view and in 7 a cross section of the single cell 3 is shown.

The 8th and 9 show a longitudinal section of the single cell 3 , wherein the housing halves 1 . 2 in 8th spaced apart from each other.

In 10 is a perspective view of the components of the single cell 3 presented in front of an assembly.

The plastic bowls 5 . 6 are in the housing parts 1 . 2 inserted, wherein the anode foils 4.1 and the cathode foils 4.2 not angled from the electrode foil assembly 4 protrude and not with the first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 the respective housing half 1 . 2 are connected.

11 shows the arrangement according to 10 , wherein the anode foils 4.1 and the cathode foils 4.2 for welding on the respective first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 the corresponding housing half 1 . 2 are arranged.

In 12 is a sectional view of the two housing halves 1 . 2 with the to the respective first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 welded anode foils 4.1 or cathode foils 4.2 before closing the single cell 3 shown. For closing the single cell 3 are the two housing halves 1 . 2 pivotable towards each other, wherein the anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 be bent by the pivoting movement.

The welding takes place at just the electrode foil assembly 4 led out anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 in order to be able to ensure a double-sided access for welding tool of a welding device, for example the electrodes in a resistance press welding, anvil and sonotrode of an ultrasonic welding device, the hold-down in a laser welding.

It is also conceivable, the anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 on impact, ie in straight from the electrode foil assembly 4 led out state with the respective first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 to connect, so that angling is not required.

In particular, the solution is suitable for a wound electrode foil arrangement 4 in which the uncoated sections of the anode foils 4.1 and cathode foils 4.2 completely over one side of the electrode foil assembly 4 extend.

Due to the area enlarged first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 the respective housing half 1 . 2 it is possible in at least one of the first transverse sides 1.2 . 2.2 to introduce a closable filling opening for an electrolyte. The filling opening can be closed, for example, by means of a blind rivet and / or a screw as a closure element.

Alternatively or additionally, a venting membrane of the single cell 3 in at least a first transverse side 1.2 . 2.2 a housing half 1 . 2 be introduced. Such a Ventingmembran, which represents an area with a targeted weakening, is to reduce an inadmissibly high internal pressure of the single cell 3 intended.

As a contour of both housing halves 1 . 2 is the same, is for a production of the two housing halves 1 . 2 , which are in particular deep-drawing and / or Kaltfließpressteile, only a forming tool required.

In 13 is one out of nine single cells 3 formed cell block 7 shown, wherein a single cell 3 from the cell block 7 is spaced. An electrical serial interconnection of the individual cells 3 of the cell block 7 done by welding the contact elements 1.6 which are in the cell block 7 overlap.

In 14 is a cell block 7 over the contact elements 1.6 electrically serially interconnected single cells 3 shown in a perspective view and in 15 is a side view of the cell block 7 shown.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

first half of the housing

1.1

connecting area

1.2

first transverse side

1.3

second transverse side

1.4

first longitudinal side

1.5

second long side

1.6

contact element

2

second housing half

2.1

connecting area

2.2

first transverse side

2.3

second transverse side

2.4

first longitudinal side

2.5

second long side

2.6

contact element

3

single cell

4

Electrode foil arrangement

4.1

anode foil

4.2

cathode foil

5

first plastic shell

5.1

recess

5.2

border area

6

second plastic shell

6.1

recess

6.2

border area

7

cell block

H

height

Claims (8)

Single cell ( 3 ) for a battery, comprising one between two shell-shaped housing halves ( 1 . 2 ) arranged electrode foil arrangement ( 4 ), whose anode foils ( 4.1 ) in sections with a first housing half ( 1 ), wherein cathode foils ( 4.2 ) with a second housing half ( 2 ), wherein the housing halves ( 1 . 2 ) in a respective housing half ( 1 . 2 ) circumferential web-shaped connection area ( 1.1 . 2.1 ), characterized in that the web-shaped connection region ( 1.1 . 2.1 ) a longitudinal side ( 1.4 . 2.4 ) of the respective housing half ( 1 . 2 ) extends from a substantially upper end to a lower end and the web-shaped connecting region ( 1.1 . 2.1 ) an opposite longitudinal side ( 1.5 . 2.5 ) extends substantially from a lower end to an upper end, wherein the connection region ( 1.1 . 2.1 ) on a respective transverse side ( 1.2 . 1.3 . 2.2 . 2.3 ) is arranged substantially in an upper region or in a lower region, wherein flat sides of the housing halves ( 1 . 2 ) are substantially parallel to each other. Single cell ( 3 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that a cross-sectional area of the electrode foil arrangement ( 4 ) substantially a surface of a first transverse side ( 1.2 . 2.2 ) of the respective housing half ( 1 . 2 ) corresponds. Single cell ( 3 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least in the first transverse side ( 1.2 . 2.2 ) of a housing half ( 1 . 2 ) is introduced a closable filling opening for an electrolyte. Single cell ( 3 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the connection area ( 1.1 . 2.1 ) at least one housing half ( 1 . 2 ) a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the housing half ( 1 . 2 ) projecting contact element ( 1.6 . 2.6 ) for welding the housing half ( 1 . 2 ) with a contact element ( 1.6 . 2.6 ) of an immediately adjacent single cell ( 3 ) to form a cell block ( 7 ) is trained. Single cell ( 3 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inner surface of the respective housing half ( 1 . 2 ), except the area of the first transverse side ( 1.2 . 2.2 ), provided with an electrical insulation element. Single cell ( 3 ) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that one of the respective other housing halves ( 1 . 2 ) facing surface of the connection area ( 1.1 . 2.1 ) is circumferentially provided with a thermoplastic material. Cell block ( 7 ) with a number of electrically interconnected single cells ( 3 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Battery with at least one cell block ( 7 ) according to claim 7.

Images