DE102013021141A1 - Wireless network of inertial sensors for alerting (theft, perimeter protection, monitoring) - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a sensor network for monitoring the environment of a building to be protected, a surface or facility to be protected or for the protection of any other object or installation, for the detection of burglary, intrusion, sabotage or theft attempts by means of breakthrough , Cutting, crawling, climbing, removing a fence or other fencing. In addition, moving objects in a limited area can analyze motion patterns and initiate reactions. The detection is done by self-powered (battery, battery, solar) inertial sensors (gyro) that sense the vibrational motion, acceleration, or attitude change at the enclosure and pass their data through a potentially multi-level wireless communication process via other such sensors (via a mesh protocol) ) to a central component that performs the evaluation of the data, determines the type of event / hazard, the intruder or tripping unit attempts to locate and / or alerts a control center and / or other processes or systems (security guards on-site, highlighting the affected section in a video surveillance).

Description

technical description

• Designation: Wireless network of inertial sensors for alerting (theft, perimeter protection, monitoring) wireless network of inertial sensors for alerting (theft, perimeter protection, surveillance)
• Technical field: security, security, perimeter protection, sensors, mesh radio protocol, pattern recognition, software development

Components and designations

• [P] Perimeter: Fence, net or other fencing, capable of vibration or acceleration, e.g. As mesh fence, wire mesh, camouflage net, tarpaulin, bracelet on the body
• [O] Object: subject or object to be monitored or protected
• [S1], [S2], [S3], [Si] Sensor: inertial sensors attached to fencing (eg gyro) and possibly signal transponders: • low energy profile (various performance optimized operating states), so that battery operation possible, installed inconspicuously z. B. every 5 meters (fence) or directly on the object to be secured (camouflage net, tarpaulin) • mesh radio protocol (meshed network, mobile ad-hoc net, MANet), eg. Bluetooth Low Energy, Garmin Ant +), provides robust signal trajectories (dynamic routing bypasses single node failure) and communicates only with nearest neighbor sensors (energy savings) • Sensor-to-sensor communication (nearest, no star topology) and / or sensor-to-center • operated by self-sufficient energy source (long-term battery, solar cell, fuel cell, etc.) (long maintenance intervals) • environmentally protected (insert: moisture-proof)
• [ZK] central component: for data collection and algorithmic extraction (eg control PC, smartphone) • Execution environment for analysis software and gateway / interface to alarm device • supports mesh protocol and wireless or wired protocol to alarm device (mesh, WiFi, GSM, 3G, etc.) • high-capacity main battery or mains-powered and battery-backed for reliability
• [AS] Analysis software to detect patterns such as clipping, breaching, cutting, crawling, deformation, disassembly, removal, theft • Calibration to type of enclosure, topology and environmental parameters (eg rain, trigger thresholds) • Viewing and reducing the data volume • Elimination of natural disturbing factors, eg. B. vibrations caused by wind or light animal contact • Analysis of the waveform, eg. B. Frequency, amplitude, deviation from the average, comparison with reference pattern Attempt to localize the fault (eg triangulation) and / or • Notification of a control center and / or • Comparison with other systems, eg. For example, activate on-site security or video surveillance or highlight a segment
• [AL] Alarm, Notification: z. B. SMS with notification text, alarm siren, flashing a lamp

functionality

The present invention comprises a sensor network for monitoring the environment of a building to be protected, a surface or installation to be protected or for the protection of another object or installation, for detection of burglary, intrusion or sabotage attempts by means of breaching, cutting, crawling, Exceed, remove a fence or other enclosure. In addition, moving objects in a limited area can analyze motion patterns and initiate reactions. The detection is performed by self-powered (battery, rechargeable, solar) inertial sensors (eg gyro) that sense the oscillatory motion, acceleration or positional change at the enclosure and pass their data through other such sensors in a potentially multi-level wireless communication process a mesh protocol) to a central component that performs the data evaluation, determines the nature of the hazard, attempts to locate the intruder or trigger site, and / or alerts a control center and / or other processes or systems (field guards, Highlighting the affected section in a video surveillance).

Gyro sensors register acceleration or position changes permanently or for a longer period of time (eg at night). These data are reported via their neighboring sensors, then their neighboring sensors, etc., gradually to a central component (mesh protocol). Based on an initial calibration, the central component considers the approximate topology of the sensors and the pattern (type) of triggering. For example, the analysis software distinguishes between shaking a fence in the wind (coming from one direction, two or more at a time) Sensors on this page) and the crossing of a fence (close to a sensor, weaker near other, neighboring sensors, possibly rhythmic acceleration or position changes when pulling up or cutting).

Note: From a structural point of view, it may be necessary to dampen jarring (for example, by attaching the fence more strongly) to reduce false tripping or to increase jarring (for example, by attaching the sensors to vibratory belts or similar) to enable tripping ,

The analysis software of the Central Component tries to locate the location of the event, e.g. By triangulation or weighted average. It decides on triggering / alarming and follow-up actions or is configured accordingly.

Advantages over the prior art

• • Perimeter protection previously required elaborate technology in purchase and installation, eg. As pressure sensitive cables, seismographs, fiber optic cables, photoelectric sensors, laser scanners, and therefore economically profitable only for large installations (taxiways, military installations). The attachment of the mesh sensors, however, is simple, the power supply is installed, and the networking is done by protocol automatically. This will significantly reduce costs and enable deployment in previously untapped areas and industries. For example, to secure private or commercial land or instead of the acquisition of a more conspicuous, more expensive fence. Especially in times of uncertainty, an inconspicuous fence as the outermost shell for an object to be protected offers additional security and significant time savings in notification or alerting before the outer shell of the object is reached.
• • The sensors are electronic mass-produced, affordable and will become even cheaper in the medium term.
• • The fuse is very inconspicuous compared to other security technologies (NATO barbed tape, reinforced / recessed posts, hardening of the fence at the bottom) and therefore attracts less attention to the object to be protected (camouflage principle).
• • Optical sensors have problems with weather conditions, eg. B. Distraction of lasers by raindrops or difficult image recognition of cameras at night or fog.
• • Especially fiber optic cable as perimeter braided in the fence are severed during the break-in attempt and thus damaged irreparably (or reconnectable only by experts).
• • Theft protection in remote areas is unimaginable. The combination of sensor (s) and central component with network connection (GSM or mobile data network) can be notified or alarmed, so that a wood thief can be disturbed at best still during removal.
• • Surveillance of people in need of assistance usually means a violation of privacy (eg cameras) or, due to installation costs, only limited coverage of the area (eg pressure-sensitive carpets). By battery and radio technology, small, robust designs and only the collection of the most necessary data, evaluation and forwarding only in the assumed Nofall, this can be elegantly bypassed. Those in need of assistance can live independently longer in their own home with the additional security of a notification or alarm.

Example scenarios

Perimeter / Fence (Fig. 1)

• • z. B. Chain link fence on post as perimeter [P], clamped, no further hardening z. Against crawling around a house / object [O]
• • inertial sensors [Si] z. B. every 5 meters
• • Sensors detect their neighbor sensors and create a mesh net; thus robust transmission and energy saving (battery operation)
• • mesh bridges distance
• • Shaking and other movements on the fence are transmitted to the central component [ZK]
• • Analysis Software [AS] of the Central Component [ZK] is calibrated to the type of fence and the topology of the sensors [Si] and detects and / or alerts [AL] if and where a particular pattern occurred or exceeded a defined threshold has been

Woodpile in the forest (Fig. 2)

• • protected wood pile [O] is covered with tarpaulin [P] against the effects of weather or a simple net against removal
• • single inertial sensor [Si] is inconspicuously attached to tarpaulin or net
• • Radio contact directly or via further (transponder) sensors to a central component [ZK] (eg smartphone in the IPX housing with long-term / backup batteries, with Raspberry Pi powered by a car battery)
• • Analysis software [AS] detects the removal or movement of the sensor connected to the tarpaulin [S1]
• • Alerting [AL] when the tarpaulin is removed (eg via mobile phone / SMS to forest tenants)

Person in need of assistance (Fig. 3)

• • Principles: - Movement = sign of life - no movement for a long time = danger - strong movement (with acceleration) = fall - certain agreed movement patterns = message
•  Person wears small inertial sensor [S1] on body, eg. As bracelet, necklace or belt (high on the body and low-vibration)
• • The sensor communicates with other sensors [Si] in the premises (eg a senior citizen's home) and bridges even larger distances safely and sturdily
• • mesh tensions the surface
• • Central component [ZK] recognizes certain patterns with the help of analysis software [AS]. B. that the sensor associated with a person reports case acceleration and no further movement takes place even after a waiting time of 1 minute
• • another pattern can be a three-time shaking or tapping of the hand, with 1 to 4 seconds break in between
• • another pattern could be a repeated counter-motion with two sensors (eg clapping 3 times in the hands)
• • Alternatively: Central component [ZK] detects and notifies if no activity has taken place for more than 12 h with a set of sensors (eg movement of the mobile object, door movements - inactivity alarm)
• • Analysis software [AS] detects pattern (type) of movement
• • Central component [ZK] alerts or notifies supervisors in a timely manner [AL]

Claims (4)

Device for alerting (theft, perimeter protection, surveillance), characterized in that mechanical vibrations in a medium (eg grid fence, chain link fence, fabric tarpaulin, camouflage net, generally perimeter [P]) surrounding an object to be protected [O], act on inertial sensors [Si] directly or indirectly attached to the medium / perimeter. Device according to claim 1 with battery and radio, characterized in that 2.1 the inertial sensors have a low power consumption (eg by power saving modes such as "sleeping", "in operation", "maximum throughput / range") and therefore with batteries, solar cells o. Ä. Can be operated electrically self-sufficient and thus not costly cable must be supplied over distance and susceptible to interference, 2.2 the inertial sensors via a mesh (mesh) wireless standard are interconnected and therefore - can cover a greater distance, area or space as in the case of star-shaped networking, the entire system can with dynamic routing withstand the failure of individual sensors with limited functionality but no catastrophic failure, robust and thus also need not be tediously connected by cable 2.3 and the inertial sensors provide no further significant processing power. Device according to claims 1 and 2 with distributed character, characterized in that many sensors are used per object to be protected, but only one evaluating central component [ZK] and downstream actuators (eg display display, alarm call), so that these (sensors, Control and actuators) can be distributed so that the object to be protected can be observed finely resolved and safely controlled. Method (calculation rule) for devices according to claims 1-3, characterized in that 4.1 an initial calibration takes place on the topology and conditions of the object to be protected, 4.2 constantly or for longer periods of time (eg at night) the sensor data are evaluated, 4.3 calculation methods are carried out, which analyze the waveform as a function of the topology and the conditions (subclaim 4.1) (detection of edges, waveforms, time courses), 4.4 it is decided whether threshold values or detected patterns (eg pulling motion of a Climber) an alarm is to be triggered via an actuator, 4.5 localized, possibly typed and visualized, where in about the pattern was detected (eg in the form of a "heat map" / temperature map, the fence segments in increasingly "hotter" Colors, the more movement or pattern has been recognized in one place), to attract the attention of z. For example, to direct guards and mitigate dangers and 4.6 diagnose the system to a user, e.g. As the relative signal strength, battery charging or robust accessibility of sensors.

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