DE102013017531A1 - Process and device for the treatment of agricultural manure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the treatment of agricultural manure or wastewaters by treating the slurry / wastewater in a sedimentation and / or separation process with precipitant and separated in thick phase and thin phase or clear phase, as an addition to DE 10 2013 007 829.6, according to the preamble of claim 1. In order to achieve that the separation of particles and solutes in the agricultural wastewater and gullies or effluents from agricultural cleaning or production facilities is equally feasible, and to adapt the method and device to different precipitation conditions, the invention proposes that the precipitant ferric chloride in the form of solutions of ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride, or ferric sulfate or ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride sulphate fed in water or together with water as a separating agent Wastewater is supplied.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment of agricultural manure and wastewater as an additive to DE 10 2013 007 829.9 , according to the preamble of claims 1 and 8.

The year-round seizure of agricultural manure and sewage is a major problem, because on the other hand, the liquid manure may not be discharged all year round on the field. This means that the so-called manure cellars, in which liquid manure is stored, are temporarily burdened beyond their capacities. This in turn causes them to overflow and livestock may need to stand in their own manure for a long time. In addition, it creates heavy respiratory poisons in the stable. By definition, agricultural manure not only covers the feces, such as manure and manure from livestock farming, but also includes the fermentation residues from biogas plants and, if necessary, sewage sludge from the farm's own sewage treatment plants; but also silage waters, or surface water in agricultural farms.

Another wide field is the treatment of waste water from cleaning equipment for agricultural vehicles and work equipment. These vehicles may be contaminated with manure, digestate and other contaminants from everyday agricultural life, for example.

This wastewater may not be initiated without further compensation, at least partially.

This in turn means that such wastewater must first be held / stored.

Of course, this also leads very quickly to the above-mentioned capacity problems, if then the manure can not be applied all year round as fertilizer on the fields. So settling tanks are known in which it is attempted to separate the manure in thick phase and thin phase or clear phase in order to compact the amount of liquid manure. Such a device is from the EP 0 052 722 B1 for separating liquid manure or sewage sludge into a solid and a liquid phase. The arrangement disclosed therein shows a large container, which is provided near the bottom with a flat filter through which the water flows into a kind of clear water cellar after filtration. This results in the following disadvantages. The fact that the device performs a static, immobile filtration by diffusion, the process runs on the one hand extremely slowly and on the other hand, the soil filter set very quickly, and slow down the diffusion process quite considerably.

In addition, in a previous wastewater treatment with precipitants further light floating flakes that would clog the filter bottom very strong. Since clogged in the known settling there the filter bottom, it does not use to drain the water cellar, because the wastewater is then on the added clogged filter bottom, and no longer flows through.

Another disadvantage is that the manure thus treated still smells strongly at the end and still continues to show a clear coloration. This again leads to the fact that even the clear phase settled there still has to be described as manure, which is subject to the temporary application ban because of the remaining strong odor. With this known separation process between clear phase and thick phase so nothing is gained, because in total it remains divided in two components strongly smelling manure.

The invention is therefore based on the object in a further improvement of the method and the device as an addition to DE 10 2013 007 829.6 realize the separation of particles and solutes in agricultural wastewater and manure or in waste water from agricultural cleaning or production facilities alike, and adapt it to different precipitation conditions.

The task is in a method as an addition to DE 10 2013 007 829.6 solved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Further advantageous embodiments of the method are specified in the dependent claims 2 to 7.

With regard to a device as an addition to the DE 10 2013 007 829.6 the object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 8.

Further advantageous embodiments of the device are specified in the remaining dependent claims core of the method according to another embodiment of the invention DE 10 2013 007 829.6 in that iron salt is added to the precipitating agent in the form of ferric chloride in the form of solutions of ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride, or ferric sulfate or ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride sulphate in water or is fed together with water as a separating agent to the wastewater.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that substitute or additional nitrogen metabolizing bacteria are fed to the separating agent.

Furthermore, it is of particularly advantageous embodiment that when used in the wastewater of cleaning systems of agricultural vehicles and equipment, or in the wastewater of agricultural or food production processes, the wastewater is collected from the purification plant in a sump and pumped from there into a precipitator, and that on This pumping or conveying line then the said precipitating agent is injected via a metering device in an adjustable mixing ratio to be precipitated wastewater in the pump or flow.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the floating, the thick and flake phase comprehensive foam carpet is abgeskimmt or skimmed off, and the remaining thin or clear phase is drained or pumped.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that additional wetting agents in the form of surfactants are added.

It is furthermore advantageous that, in addition to or instead of the precipitant, biological flocculants are added, namely dissolved chitin, and / or zeolites as powder, and / or bentonites as powder.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is indicated that the withdrawn thin or clear phase is bubbled at the end again with oxygen or air from bottom to top, such that the residual nitrogen content is expelled by bottom-side or near-bottom injection from the thin or clear phase.

With regard to a device according to the invention, the essence of the invention is that when used in the wastewater of cleaning systems of agricultural vehicles and equipment or in the wastewater of agricultural or food production processes, the wastewater from the cleaning system in a collection or collection container is collectible, from where it is pumped into a precipitating tank, and that on this pumping or conveying line then the precipitant is injectable via a metering device in an adjustable mixing ratio to be precipitated wastewater in the pump or flow through an injection point arranged on the pump or delivery pipe.

In another embodiment advantageous embodiment is stated that the precipitation container bottom side, with air or gas acted upon under pressure inlet openings, so that the bottom side air or gas in the precipitation vessel and the manure / precipitant / separation agent mixture contained therein can be injected to the suspended solids together with the flocs produced by the precipitation to drive upward to a floating foam carpet.

Furthermore, it is advantageously configured that the bottom nozzles of the precipitation container for the introduction of gas or air are arranged in a pipe introduced in a bottom recess.

In a further embodiment, it is stated that the bottom nozzles of the precipitation container for the introduction of gas or air are introduced in a flat surface compactor, such that the bottom openings are distributed over the entire surface of the surface compactor.

Furthermore, it is advantageously configured such that the thin or clear phase which can be withdrawn from the precipitation container after precipitation can be pumped into another container or a tank in which oxygen or air can be injected at the bottom via nozzles in such a way that bound nitrogen still contained oxidizes and is expelled from the thin or clear zone.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is stated that in the region of the outlet of the nitrogen oxide from the thin or clear phase in a gas volume, a nitrogen oxide sensor is arranged, so that the oxygen or Lufteinsprudelung via a controlled with the nitrogen oxide sensor value control is regular or limitable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that in the gas outlet of the nitrogen oxide from the thin or clear phase in a gas volume in said container, a nitrogen oxide sensor or an oxygen sensor is arranged, so that the oxygen or Lufteinsprudelung over a Controlled with the nitrogen oxide sensor value or the oxygen sensor value controlled quantity or limitable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is indicated that in the region of the filled clear zone or clear phase of the container in addition to sensitive sulfur and sulfur compounds sensors, and / or sensitive to potassium or potassium compounds sensors, and / or ammonium-sensitive sensors, and / or COD sensors or BOD sensors (COD = Chemical Oxygen Demand, BOD = Biological Oxygen Demand) are arranged, the sensor value of which is taken into account in the control, so that the introduction of air or oxygen can be regulated or limited in terms of quantity.

In the last advantageous embodiment, it is stated that the ground-level introduction of oxygen or air takes place via a tube with sieve arranged close to the ground, or by a tube with perforation pipe arranged close to the ground.

This takes place in such a way that a saturation of nitrogen oxide emerging from the thin or clear phase is recognized via the nitrogen oxide sensor during the whirling process, and at the latest upon saturation the bubbling process is automatically stopped. It may in fact also be the case that, according to the further use of the thin or clear phase, a defined residual content of nitrogen or nitrogen compounds must be contained therein as nutrient water for crops or arable land. This device can also be calibrated so that defined ranges in the saturation curve can be set for defined remaining amounts of nitrogen compounds in the thin or clear phase. Ie. it is only bubbled until the nitrogen value reaches a desired target value.

Thus, eutrophication can be prevented with this method even before application of the nutrient water on cultivated or arable land.

The wastewater in purification plants or the above-mentioned production plants is collected in a collecting tank and pumped from there into a precipitation tank. On this pumping or conveying line, the precipitant is then injected via a metering device in an adjustable mixing ratio to be precipitated wastewater in the pump or flow. This has the advantage that there is already a perfect mixture of the precipitating agent with the wastewater during the injection, and the precipitation already begins there after the injection site. In the said precipitation container, the final reaction then occurs as described in the main patent.

The aim of the additional measure proposed here is that the thick phase and the clear phase of liquid manure can be reliably separated from one another with a large number of different main precipitating agents, and that a defined residual content of nitrogen compounds can be set, above all in the removed clear phase.

It shows:

1 Precipitation process with aftertreatment of the clear phase

The mode of operation is that in the precipitation vessel and in the further container in which the clear phase drawn off after the precipitation is already introduced, oxygen or air is injected near the bottom, for the oxidation and for the gas of the remaining nitrogen compounds. This with the aim that in the Klarzone a further controllable reduction of the nitrogen takes place, to an adjustable nitrogen value. This is done so that the nitrogen value can be adjusted to comply with the application limits for nitrogenous nutrient water.

1 shows the precipitator used in this embodiment 1 , Here, as described in the main patent, the manure filled with precipitant and separating agent, d. Water or recycled thin or clear phase entered and the manure like. The floating as thick phase flakes are abgeskimmt or pulled off. The remaining thin or clear phase is then transferred to another container or tank 110 transferred. The level of the clear phase 112 takes place there to a level that is a gas volume 111 leaves.

The thin or clear phase still contains traces of residual nitrogen compounds, ammonium, etc. In order to reduce this if necessary, in order to bring the Klarzone as nutrient or irrigation water on cultural or agricultural areas, it may depending on the manure and depending on the operating method of precipitation be necessary to further reduce the content of nitrogen compounds in the thin or clear phase.

For this purpose, if necessary, now on the bottom side, ie at the controllable discharge point 113 Oxygen or air may be injected from a reservoir. This gas then bubbles through the thin or clear phase and oxidizes the nitrogen compounds, which gasses up into the gas space 111 above the level. There is a sensor in the gas space 110 placed, which measures the incoming there nitric oxide compounds such as nitrous oxide, or non-chemically bound oxygen. The gas sensor detects the concentration of said gas component traveling there against a saturation value, or a pre-calibrated sensor value. This sensor value is in a control device 115 read in and determined according to a manipulated variable for the oxygen or Lufteinsprudelung, eg by controlling or regulating a connected to a gas reservoir valve and controlled there. Thus, if desired, defined desired residual amounts of nitrogen compounds can also be set for fertilizing use in the thin or clear phase.

The use of the mentioned in claim 1 different precipitants or substances in the precipitant takes into account the proviso, the device and the method simply by the various Precipitation conditions, ie applied to be precipitated gullies or wastewater exactly.

The provision of additional sensors in the liquid clear phase, d. H. Clearing zone, such as sensors sensitive to sulfur or sulfur compounds, and / or sensors sensitive to potassium or potassium compounds, and / or to ammonium-sensitive sensors, and / or COD sensors or BOD sensors (CSB = chemical oxygen demand, BOD = biological oxygen demand), their sensor value are taken into account in the control, so that the introduction of air or oxygen above it in terms of volume rule or limited.

Also, near the bottom of the tank, nitrogen-consuming bacteria can be introduced in a controlled manner and the process of nitrogen metabolism can be controlled in this way.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

precipitation tank

110

Tank for stripped thin or clear zone

111

remaining gas volume above fill level

112

Thin or clear zone

113

Oxygen or air bubbles

114

Discharge nitrogen-reduced Dümm or Klarzone

115

control

116

Nitrogen oxide sensor (gas phase)

117

Oxygen sensor (gas phase)

118

Nitrogen sensor / ammonium sensor (liquid phase)

119

Potassium sensor (liquid phase)

120

Sulfur or H2S sensor (liquid phase)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102013007829 [0001, 0009, 0010, 0012, 0013]
• EP 0052722 B1 [0006]

Claims (15)

Process for the treatment of agricultural manure or sewage, by treating the manure / wastewater in a sedimentation and / or separation process with precipitant and separated in thick phase and thin phase or clear phase, as an addition to DE 10 2013 007 829.6, characterized in that the precipitant Iron salts, namely ferric chloride in the form of solutions of ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride, or ferric sulfate or ferrous chloride, or ferric chloride sulfate fed in water or together with water as a separating agent is fed to the wastewater. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that replacement or additional nitrogen metabolizing bacteria are fed to the separation means. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when used in the wastewater of cleaning systems of agricultural vehicles and equipment, or wastewater from agricultural or food production processes, the wastewater is collected from the purification plant in a collection and pumped from there into a precipitation tank, and that said precipitating agent is then injected via a metering device in an adjustable mixing ratio to the amount of wastewater to be precipitated in the pumping or conveying flow on this pumping or conveying line. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to or instead of the precipitant biological flocculants are added, namely dissolved chitin, and / or zeolites as a powder, and / or bentonites are added as a powder. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floating, the thick and flake phase comprehensive foam carpet is abgeskimmt or skimmed off, and the remaining thin or clear phase is discharged or pumped. A method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that in addition wetting agents are added in the form of surfactants. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the withdrawn thin or clear phase is bubbled at the end again with oxygen or air from bottom to top, such that the residual nitrogen content by low-level bubbling. Device for the treatment of agricultural manure or effluents by treating the manure / waste water in a sedimentation and / or separation process with precipitant and separated in thick phase and thin phase or clear phase, as an addition to DE 10 2013 007 829.6, to carry out the method after one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that when used in the wastewater of cleaning systems of agricultural vehicles and equipment or in the wastewater of agricultural or food production processes, the wastewater from the cleaning system in a collection or collection container is collectible, from where it into a Fällungsbehälter is pumped, and that on this pumping or conveying line then the precipitating agent via a metering device in an adjustable mixing ratio to be precipitated wastewater in the pump or flow through an injection point arranged on the pump or delivery tube injectable i st. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the precipitation container has bottom-side, with air or gas acted upon under pressure inlet openings, so that the bottom side air or gas can be injected into the precipitation tank and contained therein manure / Falling agent / separating agent mixture to the suspended matter together with the flocs produced by the precipitation to drive upward to a floating foam carpet. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the bottom nozzles of the precipitation container for the introduction of gas or air are arranged in a tube introduced in a bottom recess. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the bottom nozzles of the precipitation container for the introduction of gas or air are introduced in a flat surface compactor, such that the bottom openings are arranged distributed over the entire surface of the surface compactor. Device according to one of the preceding claims 8 to 11, characterized in that after precipitation from the precipitation container removable thin, or clear phase is pumpable into another container in which near the ground via nozzles oxygen or air can be injected, in such a way that bound nitrogen which is still present is oxidized and expelled from the thin or clear zone. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that in the region of the gas outlet of the nitrogen oxide from the thin or clear phase into a gas volume in said container, a Nitrogen oxide sensor or an oxygen sensor is arranged so that the oxygen or Lufteinsprudelung is controlled by a controlled with the nitrogen oxide sensor value or the oxygen sensor value control quantity or limited. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that in the region of the filled clear zone or clear phase of the container additionally sensitive to sulfur and sulfur compounds sensors, and / or sensors sensitive to potassium or potassium, and / or sensitive to ammonium sensors, and / or COD sensors or BSB sensors (CSB = chemical oxygen demand, BOD = biological oxygen demand) are arranged, the sensor value is taken into account in the control, so that the air or oxygen introduction is regulated in terms of quantity or limited. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ground-level introduction of oxygen or air via a near-ground pipe arranged with sieve, or by a near-ground pipe arranged with perforation.

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