DE102013012193A1 - Body, useful e.g. as motor vehicle air filter, comprises fluid channels e.g. filter element or catalyst element, that are arranged in flow of fluid, where fluid channels extend along longitudinal direction - Google Patents

Abstract

The body has a set of fluid channels (12) e.g. filter element or catalyst element, that are arranged in a flow of a fluid, where the fluid channels extend along a longitudinal direction (14) and are arranged in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction next to each other. The channels are arranged above one another, and limiting walls (16) of the channels are curved related to the longitudinal direction for the formation of the body. A sequence of cross-sectional constrictions (18) and cross-sectional enlargements (20) are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the channels. The body comprises a set of fluid channels (12) e.g. filter element or catalyst element, that are arranged in a flow of a fluid, where the fluid channels extend along a longitudinal direction (14) and are arranged in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction next to each other. The fluid channels are arranged above one another, and limiting walls (16) of the fluid channels are curved related to the longitudinal direction for the formation of the body. A sequence of cross-sectional constrictions (18) and cross-sectional enlargements (20) are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the fluid channels. The fluid channels are laminated in a batch direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. The fluid channels extend along the longitudinal direction and are arranged in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction next to each other, where the limiting walls of the fluid channels are curved related to the longitudinal direction. A multi-layer winding body is rolled up in a continuous position with the fluid channels. The neighboring fluid channels are transverse to the longitudinal direction, so that the cross-sectional enlargements in the fluid channel is arranged corresponding to the cross-sectional constrictions. An entry part and an ejection part are arranged in different positions of the body. The neighboring fluid channels are reciprocally plugged using a plug, so that a fluid path of the Fluid leads by the limiting walls of the fluid channel, where the limiting walls of the fluid channels are made of partially catalytically active material. An independent claim is included for a filter system.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter element and / or a catalyst element, which are provided for the passage of a fluid, and a system having a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter system with a filter element and / or a catalyst system with a catalyst element, for example, a motor vehicle.

State of the art

In EP 1 930 060 A1 A diesel particulate filter is described with a ceramic filter body for filtering diesel exhaust gas, in which the cross section of at least a part of the gas channels changes from an inflow side to an outflow side. The cross section of the input side gas channels narrows from the inflow side toward the outflow side, while the cross section of the output side gas channels widens from the inflow side to the outflow side. Due to the changed cross-sectional profile, an at least approximately constant flow velocity and an at least approximately constant pressure drop at the filter sections occur along the run length of the gas channels.

The EP 1 202 790 shows a filter with undulating channels.

The object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter element and / or a catalyst element.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system, in particular a filter and / or a catalyst system, for receiving such a replaceable body with fluid channels with increased efficiency.

The above objects are achieved according to an aspect of the invention in a body having fluid channels, in particular a filter element and / or a catalyst element, which are provided for flowing through a fluid, characterized in that the fluid channels extend along a longitudinal direction and in a position transverse to Longitudinal side by side are arranged, wherein limiting walls of the fluid channels are at least a part wavy with respect to the longitudinal direction and to form the body a plurality of layers of fluid channels are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction one above the other, and in that at least a portion of the fluid channels along the longitudinal direction of a sequence of cross-sectional constrictions and cross-sectional enlargements, and according to another aspect of the invention by a system having a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter system with a filter element and / or a catalyst system with a catalyst element dissolved st, wherein the body is interchangeably arranged in a housing of the system.

Favorable embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the other claims, the description and the drawings.

Disclosure of the invention

It is proposed a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter element and / or a catalyst element, which are provided for flow through a fluid, wherein the fluid channels extend along a longitudinal direction and are arranged in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction side by side. The boundary walls of the fluid channels are designed to be corrugated at least in part with respect to the longitudinal direction. To form the body, a plurality of layers with fluid channels are arranged one above the other transversely to the longitudinal direction, wherein at least a part of the fluid channels along the longitudinal direction has a series of cross-sectional constrictions and cross-sectional widenings.

According to the invention, the fluid channels in the flow direction of the fluid, along the longitudinal direction of the body, are no longer aligned in a line with a uniform cross section, but change in cross section and / or in the flow direction. The fluid channels can be wave-shaped or, for example, also configured in zigzag geometry.

The variable geometry over the length of the fluid channels, the deposition of particles on a boundary wall of a fluid channel, such as in the function of a particulate filter, such as a diesel particulate filter is given, be influenced so that the efficiency of particle deposition increases. It can be generated areas with high and low flow velocity. Likewise, through curvatures, wave forms, and zigzag geometry of the fluid channels, the flow behavior can be laminarly turbulent, or vice versa, and thus the deposition of particles on a boundary wall of a fluid channel can be influenced. This is particularly useful, for example, in open or partially open particulate filter systems, especially diesel particulate filter systems. By "open" or "partially open" is meant that the fluid flow is filtered in the bypass principle, so not ("open") or only partially ("partially open") is forced to flow through the filter system, which is not the efficiency of a closed Systems is achieved. at Catalysts or catalytically coated diesel particulate filter systems can be improved by a turbulent flow, the catalytic effect. The volume flow of the fluid flowing through the fluid channels changes over the longitudinal direction, since a part of the volume flow passes successively through the boundary walls of the fluid channels. This circumstance can be taken into account by the channel cross section changing along the longitudinal direction, for example periodically. Along the longitudinal direction can be adjusted in this way, almost any suitable pressure profile in the fluid flow.

In a preferred embodiment, the body can be formed by laminating layers with fluid channels in a stacking direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. In this way, for example, very compact, in particular cuboidal body form as filter and / or catalyst elements, which can be technically implemented and used in a variety of designs.

In a particularly favorable embodiment, a body with fluid channels, which are provided for the flow through with a fluid which is to be used in particular as a filter element and / or catalyst element, be formed so that fluid channels extend along a longitudinal direction and in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction are arranged side by side, that boundary walls of the fluid channels with respect to the longitudinal direction are designed to be corrugated at least in part and that at least one continuous layer is wound with fluid channels to form the body to a multilayer bobbin. Such a body is particularly easy to execute from a single continuous layer with fluid channels. The winding process to a multilayer bobbin can be implemented quickly and easily production technology, so that in this way such a body is very cheap to produce. Next, the design is particularly advantageous as a cylindrical winding body to be used for example as a filter candle in particulate filters, especially diesel particulate filters, or air filters.

Advantageously, boundary walls of the fluid channels can be designed to be corrugated with respect to the longitudinal direction, at least in part, and several layers of fluid channels can be arranged one above the other to form the body, wherein at least part of the fluid channels along the longitudinal direction has a series of cross-sectional constrictions and cross-sectional enlargements. As a result of these non-uniform cross sections of the fluid channels, different flow velocities and pressure conditions can be established so that the deposition of particles on the boundary walls of the fluid channels can be influenced particularly favorably.

Conveniently, adjacent to the longitudinal direction adjacent fluid channels in the bodies described at least partially arranged so that a cross-sectional widening in a fluid channel of a cross-sectional constriction in at least one adjacent fluid channel corresponds to the same location. If such layers of fluid channels are stacked or wound on one another, then fluid channels which have non-uniform cross sections and which have the already mentioned advantages with regard to flow velocities and pressure conditions in the channels also form in spatial arrangements.

In an advantageous embodiment, adjacent to the longitudinal direction adjacent fluid channels at least in sections may also be arranged so that at least one adjacent fluid channel at least partially has a wavy, the sequence of cross-sectional constrictions and cross-sectional extensions of the adjacent fluid channel same location corresponding course along the longitudinal direction with uniform cross-section. Such mixed fluid channel body designs may also have favorable flow conditions for cleaning fluids from particles or for catalyst applications, as this may cause uniform mixing with non-uniform flow conditions and thus increase the efficiency of filters, for example.

Appropriately, in such a body, an inlet side and an outlet side may be provided, which may be arranged on different sides of the body. The fluid flowing through the body can enter the body on the inlet side and leave it again on the outlet side. Usually the inlet and outlet side of the body in filter applications are opposed to each other, but they can also be arranged for example at an angle of 90 °, if this should turn out to be particularly favorable from the design ago.

In a further advantageous embodiment, directly or indirectly adjacent fluid channels can be mutually closed by sealing plugs, so that a fluid path of the fluid forcibly passes through at least partially porous and / or fluid-permeable, in particular gas-permeable boundary walls of a fluid channel. By "immediately adjacent" is meant that between two closed on one side fluid channels each have an open on this side fluid channel. By "indirectly adjacent" is meant that between on the same page each closed fluid channels are two or more not closed on this side fluid channels. At the opposite end, a fluid channel open on one side may be open or closed, and vice versa. In a fluid channel which is closed off on the outlet side, upon pressurization of the body with a fluid, a dynamic pressure is created in the fluid channel, which promotes a passage of the fluid into an adjacent channel, which is closed on the inlet side by a sealing plug. As the fluid passes through the boundary wall, the fluid can then be cleaned of entrained particles that may deposit on the boundary wall, or if the boundary wall is made of a catalytic material or catalytically coated, a catalytic effect on the fluid may be exerted.

In a particularly favorable embodiment, the boundary walls of the fluid channels may consist of ceramised fiber material. In this case, the body may be formed of at least one ceramic impregnated fiber web, in particular of paper, which is formed in such a temperature by sintering that fibers of the fiber material are burned free. The ceramic material can be sintered together to form the porous and / or gas-permeable section between its two surfaces, whereby at least one fibrous web can be corrugated to form fluid channels. The particular advantage over the conventional ceramic bodies used in the exhaust gas area is that in this way complex types such as fluid channels with non-uniform cross-section can be formed. In conventional ceramic bodies, due to the extrusion process usually used, no change in the cross section in the flow direction is possible. Furthermore, a significant increase in strength is possible through the use of ceramized fiber material, since the obliquely extending contact lines between the layers results in a structure which is more mechanically resilient.

The use of ceramic-impregnated fiber webs allows almost any shape. In the impregnated, but not yet sintered state, the fibrous webs hold the basic body formed therefrom in shape. The dimensional stability in this state is sufficient to produce even complex shapes with thin channel cross-sections and thin wall thicknesses. During the sintering process, the fibers of the fiber webs burn free and produce the desired continuous porosity of the individual sections. In comparison to a previously known extrusion process, thinner wall thicknesses and virtually any channel cross-sections or cross-sectional profiles can be produced. The pore size can be adjusted by different fiber materials or ceramic impregnations.

Advantageously, the boundary walls of the fluid channels of a body according to the invention may comprise at least partially catalytically active material. The material may be incorporated directly into the structural material of the boundary walls. However, it can also be applied only as a surface coating on the material of the boundary walls. Various methods are conceivable for this type of coating. The catalytic material can be sprayed or vapor deposited, but it can also be applied by chemical vapor deposition from a liquid or gaseous phase. In this way, such bodies can be produced particularly cost-effectively as catalyst elements, for example for catalytic converters.

Advantageously, the described body can be used as a compact air filter, in particular as a motor vehicle air filter. Due to the stacking of several layers of fluid channels, particularly compact designs for air filters can be realized on a customer-specific basis.

Another favorable use of such a body is the use as a particulate filter, in particular as a diesel particulate filter. The non-uniform flow and pressure distribution favors a particularly high deposition rate of such a particulate filter.

In an advantageous embodiment, such a body can be used as a catalyst. Also, catalytic conversion processes, for example in catalytic converters, are particularly favorably influenced by the non-uniform flow and pressure distributions of the described fluid channels.

In the aforementioned uses, the particular advantages are also in a particularly cost-effective production possibility of the respective body and in the particularly high efficiency of the body in the respective application as an air filter, particulate filter, and / or catalyst due to the flow and pressure distribution moderately favorable non-uniform cross-section the fluid channels.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a system having a body with fluid channels, in particular a filter system with a filter element and / or a catalyst system with a catalyst element, wherein the body can be interchangeably arranged in a housing of the system. Since just filter elements of a filter system in the raw fluid area, ie in the range of unfiltered fluid, usually need to be replaced at regular maintenance intervals, it is expedient if the filter element is provided interchangeable. In other systems such as particle filters or catalyst systems, it is expedient if the respective filter or catalyst elements are provided interchangeable, to be easily replaced in the maintenance and / or repair case.

Brief description of the drawings

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

They show by way of example:

1 a perspective view of corrugated fluid channels of uniform cross-section according to the prior art;

2 a perspective view of a fiber web to form fluid channels non-uniform cross section of bodies according to another embodiment;

3 Section through a layer with fluid channels after 1 ;

4 Section through fluid channels of non-uniform cross-section according to another embodiment;

5 Section through fluid channels uniform and non-uniform cross-section according to another embodiment;

6 Section through mutually sealed with stopper fluid channels with a wave-shaped course and uniform cross-section according to an embodiment according to 1 ;

7 Section through mutually sealed with stopper fluid channels non-uniform cross-section according to another embodiment;

8th Section through mutually closed with sealing plugs fluid channels uniform and non-uniform cross-section according to another embodiment;

9 a perspective view of an inlet side of a multi-layer wound round bobbin according to another embodiment;

10 Section through an embodiment of a system according to the invention with a replaceable body with fluid channels.

Embodiments of the invention

In the figures, the same or similar components are numbered with the same reference numerals. The figures are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting.

1 shows a perspective view of a layer with fluid channels 12 with known wave-shaped course with uniform cross-section. 3 shows a section through the layer with fluid channels 12 , The location with the fluid channels 12 is, for example, a fibrous web 50 educated. The single-ply fibrous web 50 consists of partially wavy executed boundary walls 16 extending along a longitudinal direction 14 the fiber web 50 in a position and transverse to the longitudinal direction 14 extend adjacent to each other, as well as a flat boundary wall 32 , If several such fiber webs 50 in a stacking direction transverse to the longitudinal direction 14 stacked on top of each other, this results in a body with fluid channels 12 uniform cross-section.

2 shows a perspective view of a favorable embodiment of a layer with fluid channels 12 For example, from a fiber web 52 , in contrast, boundary walls 16 for fluid channels 12 having non-uniform cross-section. Are clear in comparison to the design in 1 with uniform cross-section cross-sectional constrictions 18 and cross-sectional extensions 20 the fluid channels 12 to recognize, which are arranged in a periodic sequence. In the embodiment shown, the shape of the boundary walls 16 shown in regularly periodic arrangement, however, the period length of such waveforms of boundary walls 16 and thus of fluid channels 12 vary quite a bit or even occur in a mixed arrangement.

In the 4 and 5 are cuts through fluid channels 12 shown in a position according to various embodiments. 3 shows a section through fluid channels 12 with uniform cross section. The boundary walls 16 the fluid channels 12 form on average a regular undulating course along the longitudinal direction 14 of a body 10 , The flow direction of a fluid path 30 consequently follows the wave-shaped direction of a fluid channel 12 from the entrance side 24 to the exit side 26 , In 4 is such a cut through a body 10 with fluid channels 12 Not- uniform cross-section shown. Clearly visible are cross-sectional constrictions 18 and cross-sectional extensions 20 the fluid channels 12 , wherein a cross-sectional constriction 18 a cross-sectional widening 20 in an adjacent fluid channel 12 corresponds and vice versa, since adjacent fluid channels 12 each boundary walls 16 share. A fluid path 30 leads in a straight line through the body 10 along a longitudinal direction 14 from the entrance side 24 to the exit side 26 , Due to the non-uniform cross section of the fluid channels 12 results in the fluid channels 12 when flowing through a fluid a non-uniform pressure distribution and thus also a non-uniform velocity distribution of the fluid, which is the efficiency of such a body 10 for example, when used as a filter or catalyst can increase. 5 on the contrary shows a mixed form of a body 10 in which fluid channels 12 are arranged with uniform and non-uniform cross-section in a position adjacent. Along a longitudinal direction 14 of the body 10 lead fluid paths 30 in the straight direction through a fluid channel 12 of non-uniform cross-section while in an adjacent fluid channel 12 with uniform cross-section of the fluid path 30 the undulating curvature of the fluid channel 12 follows.

In the 6 to 8th are sections by alternately closed with sealing plugs fluid channels 12 shown according to various embodiments. The 6 shows a wave-shaped course of fluid channels 12 corresponding 1 , The 6 . 7 . 8th show the same geometric arrangements of fluid channels 12 like the corresponding ones 3 . 4 . 5 but with adjacent fluid channels 12 alternately on the entrance side 24 and on the exit side 26 through plugs 28 are closed, leaving a fluid path 30 the fluid forcibly by at least partially porous and / or gas-permeable boundary walls 16 . 32 a fluid channel 12 leads. If the fluid enters one at the exit side 26 closed with a stopper fluid channel 12 a, so builds up in the fluid channel 12 a dynamic pressure, resulting in a passage of the fluid into an adjacent fluid channel 12 that leads to the entry side 24 with a sealing plug 28 closed and on the exit side 26 is open because in this fluid channel 12 rather a lower pressure prevails. In this way, the fluid can be filtered, for example, it can be on the boundary walls 16 . 32 Depositing particles or it may also have a catalytic effect to support chemical processes such as in catalytic converters occur. Both body can be advantageous for the applications mentioned 10 with fluid channels 12 uniform cross section ( 6 ), non-uniform cross section ( 7 ) or in a mixed arrangement ( 8th ) are used.

Also conceivable is an embodiment in which fluid channels 12 In a situation in which, for example, enters the fluid to be cleaned, have a different course than the fluid channels of the adjacent layers in the stacking direction, from which the purified fluid exits.

9 shows a perspective view of an entrance side 24 a multi-layer wound round bobbin 22 according to an embodiment. The winding body 22 is made of a single layer of a fibrous web of ceramized material with fluid channels 12 uniform cross-section, as formed on the waveform of the fluid channels 12 in the area of the inner axis along the longitudinal direction 14 the bobbin 22 can be seen. The boundary walls 16 . 32 the fluid channels 12 form closed fluid channels 12 , as can be seen in the section.

Due to the wavy course of the fluid channels 12 The deposition rate of a particulate filter can be increased advantageously.

10 shows a section through a system 100 with a replaceable body 10 with fluid channels 12 in one embodiment as an air filter. Such systems can be used in particular as a compact air filter, but also as a particulate filter, often as a diesel particulate filter, or as catalyst systems, often exhaust gas catalyst systems in motor vehicles. The interchangeable body 10 with fluid channels 12 is in a housing 102 arranged and, if necessary, after opening the housing 102 , For example, via a screw or hinged lid to be replaced.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1930060 A1 [0002]
• EP 1202790 [0003]

Claims (14)

Body ( 10 ) with fluid channels ( 12 ), in particular filter element and / or catalyst element, which are provided for the passage of a fluid, wherein the fluid channels ( 12 ) along a longitudinal direction ( 14 ) and in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are arranged side by side, wherein boundary walls ( 16 ) of the fluid channels ( 12 ) relative to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are executed at least in part corrugated and for the formation of the body ( 10 ) several layers with fluid channels ( 12 ) transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are arranged one above the other, wherein at least a part of the fluid channels ( 12 ) along the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) a series of cross-sectional constrictions ( 18 ) and cross-sectional extensions ( 20 ) having. Body ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein layers with fluid channels ( 12 ) in a stacking direction transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are stacked on top of each other. Body ( 10 ) with fluid channels ( 12 ), in particular filter element and / or catalyst element, which are provided for the passage of a fluid, wherein the fluid channels ( 12 ) along a longitudinal direction ( 14 ) and in a position transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are arranged side by side, wherein boundary walls ( 16 ) of the fluid channels ( 12 ) relative to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are executed at least in part corrugated and for the formation of the body ( 10 ) at least one continuous layer with fluid channels ( 12 ) to a multilayer bobbin ( 22 ) is wound up. Body ( 10 ) according to claim 3, wherein boundary walls ( 16 ) of the fluid channels ( 12 ) relative to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are executed at least in part corrugated and for the formation of the body ( 10 ) several layers of fluid channels ( 12 ) transverse to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) are arranged one above the other, wherein at least a part of the fluid channels ( 12 ) along the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) a series of cross-sectional constrictions ( 18 ) and cross-sectional extensions ( 20 ) having. Body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein transversely to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) adjacent fluid channels ( 12 ) are arranged at least in sections such that a cross-sectional widening ( 20 ) in a fluid channel ( 12 ) of a cross-sectional constriction ( 18 ) in at least one adjacent fluid channel ( 12 ) corresponds to the same situation. Body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein transversely to the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) adjacent fluid channels ( 12 ) are arranged at least in sections so that at least one adjacent fluid channel ( 12 ) at least in sections a wave-shaped, the sequence of cross-sectional constrictions ( 18 ) and cross-sectional extensions ( 20 ) of the adjacent fluid channel ( 12 ) of the same position along the longitudinal direction ( 14 ) having a uniform cross section. Body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an entry side ( 24 ) and an exit side ( 26 ) are provided on different sides of the body ( 10 ) are arranged. Body ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein adjacent fluid channels ( 12 ) alternately through sealing plugs ( 28 ) are closed, so that a fluid path ( 30 ) of the fluid forcibly by boundary walls ( 16 ) of a fluid channel ( 12 ) leads. Body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the boundary walls ( 16 ) of the fluid channels ( 12 ) consist of ceramized fiber material. Body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the boundary walls ( 16 ) of the fluid channels ( 12 ) have at least partially catalytically active material. Use of the body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims as a compact air filter, in particular as a motor vehicle air filter. Use of the body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims as a particulate filter, in particular as a diesel particulate filter. Use of the body ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims as a catalyst. System ( 100 ) with a body ( 10 ) with fluid channels ( 12 ), in particular a filter system with a filter element and / or catalyst system with a catalyst element, according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the body ( 10 ) interchangeable in a housing ( 102 ) of the system ( 100 ) is arranged.

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