DE102013008218A1 - Automatic mechanical rotor blade angle adjustment with overspeed protection for small wind turbines. - Google Patents
Automatic mechanical rotor blade angle adjustment with overspeed protection for small wind turbines. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102013008218A1 DE102013008218A1 DE102013008218.8A DE102013008218A DE102013008218A1 DE 102013008218 A1 DE102013008218 A1 DE 102013008218A1 DE 102013008218 A DE102013008218 A DE 102013008218A DE 102013008218 A1 DE102013008218 A1 DE 102013008218A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- rotor
- lever
- rotor blades
- blade angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/041—Automatic control; Regulation by means of a mechanical governor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0236—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/202—Rotors with adjustable area of intercepted fluid
- F05B2240/2022—Rotors with adjustable area of intercepted fluid by means of teetering or coning blades
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Der Nachteil der Rotorblattwinkelverstellung durch Zentrifugalkraft, beinhaltet immer erst einen hohen Drehzahlaufbau, der häufig zu starken Geräuschentwicklungen führen kann. Zudem wird bei Windböen der Antriebsstrang und Turm des Windrades stark belastet. Die hier vorgestellte Rotorblattwinkelverstellung ist eine nach dem Kippprinzip und Hebelgesetz arbeitende Regelung, die durch die Faktoren – Winddruck auf die Rotorblätter, – Zentrifugalkraft der Rotorblätter, und – Auftriebskraft der Rotorblätter erfolgt. Durch die Gesamtkraft P werden die in V-Stellung an einem Synchronisierungsgleitstück (10) beweglich befestigten Rotorblätter in Richtung Rotationsebene gedrückt bzw. durch den Auftrieb gezogen. Über einen Kipppunkt (3) (je Rotorblatt) wird ein mit Federdruck beaufschlagtes Synchronisierungsgleitstück (10), an dem alle Rotorblätter beweglich befestigt sind, axial auf einer Führungsvorrichtung (Rohr/Welle) (14) verschoben (Gegenkraft zu P). Durch die Schwenkhebel (8) und Verstellhebel (16) wird bei der Rotorblattpositionsverstellung in Richtung Rotationsebene eine gleichzeitige Drehbewegung aller Rotorblattgestänge erreicht. Durch die Rotorblattwinkelvergrößerung lässt der Auftrieb nach und die Drehzahl verringert sich. Eine Überdrehzahl ist somit unmöglich. Es ist eine weiche und geräuschlose Regelung, die die Windböenbelastung des Antriebstrangs und des Turmes stark verringert.The disadvantage of the rotor blade angle adjustment by centrifugal force always includes a high speed build-up, which can often lead to strong noise development. In addition, the drive train and tower of the wind turbine are heavily stressed in gusts of wind. The rotor blade angle adjustment presented here is a regulation that works according to the tilting principle and lever law, which takes place through the factors - wind pressure on the rotor blades, - centrifugal force of the rotor blades, and - lift force of the rotor blades. As a result of the total force P, the rotor blades, which are movably attached to a synchronization sliding piece (10) in the V position, are pressed in the direction of the plane of rotation or pulled by the lift. Via a tipping point (3) (per rotor blade), a spring-loaded synchronization sliding piece (10), to which all rotor blades are movably attached, is moved axially on a guide device (tube / shaft) (14) (counterforce to P). When the rotor blade position is adjusted in the direction of the plane of rotation, the pivot lever (8) and adjusting lever (16) achieve a simultaneous rotary movement of all rotor blade linkages. By increasing the rotor blade angle, the lift and the speed decrease. An overspeed is therefore impossible. It is a soft and noiseless control that greatly reduces the wind gust load on the drive train and the tower.
Description
Die Verstellung des Blattanstellwinkels bei Windkraftanlagen erfolgt in der Regel
- a) elektrisch (E-Motor),
- b) hydraulisch (Pumpe/Zylinder), oder per
- c) Zentrifugalkraftverstellung (Kleinwindanlagen, reiner Überdrehzahlschutz).
- a) electric (electric motor),
- b) hydraulic (pump / cylinder), or per
- c) centrifugal force adjustment (small wind turbines, pure overspeed protection).
Bei elektronischen und hydraulischen Rotorblattwinkelverstelleinrichtungen müssen Gewicht und technischer Aufwand in die Konzeption der Windkraftanlage einbezogen werden, was diese Techniken für Großanlagen prädestiniert.In electronic and hydraulic Rotorblattwinkelverstelleinrichtungen weight and technical complexity must be included in the design of the wind turbine, which predestined these techniques for large plants.
Die im Vergleich leichtere Zentrifugalkraftverstellung wird bei Kleinwindanlagen eingesetzt, bringt jedoch den funktionsbedingten Nachteil des hohen Drehzahlaufbaus und damit einhergehender Lärmemission mit sich. Zudem können Windböen ein hohes Stoßdrehmoment auf den Antriebsstrang (Getriebe/Kupplung) ausüben und damit das gesamte System stark belasten.The lighter in comparison centrifugal force adjustment is used in small wind turbines, but brings the function-related disadvantage of high speed structure and associated noise emission with it. In addition, gusts of wind can exert a high impact torque on the drive train (transmission / clutch) and thus heavily load the entire system.
Diese o. g. Nachteile werden durch folgende Innovation vermieden.This o. G. Disadvantages are avoided by the following innovation.
BESCHREIBUNGDESCRIPTION
A) AUFBAU (siehe Zeichnung 1 und 5).A) CONSTRUCTION (see
Die Rotorblätter (
Jedes Rotorblattgestänge (
Das Synchronisierungsgleitstück (
Die Rotorblattwinkelverstellung wird durch zwei zusätzliche Gestänge erreicht, den Schwenkhebel und den Verstellhebel. Der Schwenkhebel (
Diese einfache, robuste und kostengünstige Rotorblattwinkelverstellung kann mit zwei oder mehr Rotorblättern aufgebaut werden.This simple, robust and cost-effective rotor blade angle adjustment can be built with two or more rotor blades.
B) FUNKTIONB) FUNCTION
Als Grundprinzip dient das Hebelgesetz
Die Last Q resultiert aus der Vorspannung des Federmechanismus (
Die Kraft P setzt sich zusammen aus den Faktoren
- – Winddruck auf Rotorblätter,
- – Zentrifugalkraft der Rotorblätter, und
- – Auftriebskraft der Rotorblätter
- - wind pressure on rotor blades,
- - Centrifugal force of the rotor blades, and
- - buoyancy of the rotor blades
Im Betrieb bewirkt die Kraft P eine Rotorblattpositionsverstellung in Richtung Rotationsebene. Der Federdruck (Q) wirkt dieser Kraft entgegen. Durch die Federvorspannung wird der Beginn der Rotorblattwinkelverstellung festgelegt. Während der Rotorblattpositionsverstellung in Richtung Rotationsebene, wird über die Schwenkhebel und Verstellhebel eine gleichzeitige Drehbewegung aller Rotorblattgestänge in Richtung Rotorblattwinkelvergrößerung erreicht. Da dies sehr schnell geschieht, kann z. B. bei Windböen kein Stall-Effekt (Strömungsabriss) auftreten. Durch die synchronisierte Rotorblattwinkelverstellung, wird eine aerodynamische Unwucht vermieden. Während dieser Verstellung lässt der Auftrieb nach, und die Drehzahl verringert sich. Eine Überdrehzahl ist somit unmöglich. Diese hier dargestellte Rotorblattwinkelverstellung ist eine weiche und geräuschlose Regelung, die die Windböenbelastung des Antriebstrangs und des Turmes stark verringert.In operation, the force P causes a rotor blade position adjustment in the direction of rotation plane. The spring pressure (Q) counteracts this force. The spring preload determines the beginning of the rotor blade angle adjustment. During the rotor blade position adjustment in the direction of the plane of rotation, a simultaneous rotational movement of all rotor blade linkage in the direction of the rotor blade angle enlargement is achieved via the pivot lever and adjusting lever. Since this happens very quickly, z. B. wind gusts no stall effect (stall) occur. The synchronized rotor blade angle adjustment avoids aerodynamic imbalance. During this adjustment the buoyancy decreases and the speed decreases. An overspeed is therefore impossible. This rotor blade angle adjustment shown here is a soft and noiseless control, which greatly reduces the wind load of the drive train and the tower.
Erläuterung:Explanation:
- – Die Rotationsebene befindet sich im Kipppunkt bei einer 90° Stellung zwischen Rotorblattgestänge und Führungsrohr (siehe Zeichnung 2).- The plane of rotation is in the tipping point at a 90 ° position between the rotor blade linkage and the guide tube (see drawing 2).
- – Der Rotorblattwinkel befindet sich zwischen Rotationsebene und Profilsehne des Rotorblattes (siehe Zeichnung 7).- The rotor blade angle is between the plane of rotation and chord of the rotor blade (see drawing 7).
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Bauteilbenennung der Zeichnungen 1/2/5/6
- 1
- Rotorblatt
- 2
- Flansch am Rotorblatt
- 3
- Kipplager
- 4
- Rotorstern
- 5
- Flansch (Rotorstern mit Antriebswelle)
- 6
- Kugellager
- 7
- Welle
- 8
- Schwenkhebel mit Kugelgelenken
- 9
- Rotorblattgestänge
- 9a
- Einstellgestänge
- 10
- Synchronisierungsgleitstück
- 11
- Feder/Federn
- 12
- Scheibe
- 13
- Mutter
- 14
- Führungsrohr/Führungswelle
- 15
- Befestigungsgabel
- 16
- Verstellhebel
- 17
- Winkel für Befestigung des Schwenkhebels
- 1
- rotor blade
- 2
- Flange on the rotor blade
- 3
- rocker bearing
- 4
- spider
- 5
- Flange (rotor with drive shaft)
- 6
- ball-bearing
- 7
- wave
- 8th
- Swivel lever with ball joints
- 9
- Rotor blade harness
- 9a
- adjustment linkage
- 10
- Synchronisierungsgleitstück
- 11
- Feather / Feathers
- 12
- disc
- 13
- mother
- 14
- Guide tube / guide shaft
- 15
- mounting fork
- 16
- adjusting
- 17
- Angle for mounting the pivoting lever
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013008218.8A DE102013008218A1 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | Automatic mechanical rotor blade angle adjustment with overspeed protection for small wind turbines. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013008218.8A DE102013008218A1 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | Automatic mechanical rotor blade angle adjustment with overspeed protection for small wind turbines. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102013008218A1 true DE102013008218A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
Family
ID=51831124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013008218.8A Withdrawn DE102013008218A1 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | Automatic mechanical rotor blade angle adjustment with overspeed protection for small wind turbines. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102013008218A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105715460A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-06-29 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Wind driven generator with overspeed preventing performance |
DE102015105249B3 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-09-29 | Technische Universität Berlin | Rotor and method for adjusting a blade pitch of a rotor blade on the rotor |
CN108782035A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽智汇和专利技术开发有限公司 | Disconnecting device |
DE102017004909A1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Enbreeze Gmbh | Device for adjusting the rotor blades of a flow force plant |
CN109025792A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥瀚鹏新能源有限公司 | A kind of new energy wind power plant |
JP2021050727A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-04-01 | 株式会社Fev再生可能エネルギー開発技研 | Propeller-type wind power generator |
US20210324831A1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-10-21 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Noise reduction in a wind turbine with hinged blades |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4316698A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1982-02-23 | Bertoia Val O | Fluid-driven turbine with speed regulation |
US4439108A (en) * | 1982-06-08 | 1984-03-27 | Richard Will | Windmill having centrifically feathered rotors to control rotor speed |
US4495423A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1985-01-22 | Felt Products Mfg. Co. | Wind energy conversion system |
JP2001221145A (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-17 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Passive active pitch flap mechanism |
JP2002242816A (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-28 | Akira Obata | Wind power generator |
WO2005068833A2 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Luiz Cesar Sampaio Pereira | Wind turbine with variable pitch blades |
WO2011106147A2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Mark Folsom | Self regulating wind turbine |
US20120257974A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Peter Mok | Wind Turbine |
-
2013
- 2013-05-14 DE DE102013008218.8A patent/DE102013008218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4316698A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1982-02-23 | Bertoia Val O | Fluid-driven turbine with speed regulation |
US4495423A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1985-01-22 | Felt Products Mfg. Co. | Wind energy conversion system |
US4439108A (en) * | 1982-06-08 | 1984-03-27 | Richard Will | Windmill having centrifically feathered rotors to control rotor speed |
JP2001221145A (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-17 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Passive active pitch flap mechanism |
JP2002242816A (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-28 | Akira Obata | Wind power generator |
WO2005068833A2 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Luiz Cesar Sampaio Pereira | Wind turbine with variable pitch blades |
WO2011106147A2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Mark Folsom | Self regulating wind turbine |
US20120257974A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Peter Mok | Wind Turbine |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015105249B3 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-09-29 | Technische Universität Berlin | Rotor and method for adjusting a blade pitch of a rotor blade on the rotor |
US10428793B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2019-10-01 | Technische Universitat Berlin | Rotor and method of adjusting an angle of a rotor blade on a rotor |
CN105715460A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-06-29 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Wind driven generator with overspeed preventing performance |
DE102017004909A1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Enbreeze Gmbh | Device for adjusting the rotor blades of a flow force plant |
CN108782035A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽智汇和专利技术开发有限公司 | Disconnecting device |
CN108782035B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-09-21 | 安徽智汇和科技服务有限公司 | Cutting device |
US20210324831A1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-10-21 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Noise reduction in a wind turbine with hinged blades |
CN109025792A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥瀚鹏新能源有限公司 | A kind of new energy wind power plant |
JP2021050727A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-04-01 | 株式会社Fev再生可能エネルギー開発技研 | Propeller-type wind power generator |
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R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |