DE102013004705A1 - Power Grid Peak Load Reduction - NePeLoCu (Net Peak Load Cutting) - Google Patents

Abstract

The liberalization of the power supply in 2000 brought with it a division into power plants, network operation and electricity sales and represents a relatively young market. The energy turnaround in 2011 caused far-reaching changes in this still young market, including the risk to the power supply. So far, the focus of the energy transition has been on (regenerative) generation, but the topics of saving and storage are increasingly coming to the fore - albeit slowly. Except for the fact that the individual electricity customer reduces his own consumption, there are no possibilities, no available technology and no procedure with which the network operator, whose tasks it is to operate the electricity network in a stable manner, can intervene to deal with the load situation through interventions in the mass market Taxes. The intervention options available to some large industrial customers can also be applied to the mass market with modern technology - electronics, radio technology, the Internet. This requires a small, simple adapter (referred to in the patent as "Actor"), which can be plugged between the socket of a household and the electrical device and an Internet platform with a stored database that aggregates the possibilities and circuits to a variety of electrical Devices via the adapter. The novelty of the invention thus results from the novelty of the problem in the power supply and the integration of the latest radio technology and Internet application.

Description

The invention provides in the field of technical power supply on the medium and high voltage level, a method including technical components for reducing peak loads and thus a solution for optimized operation of the total power plant capacity.

Technology and procedures for reducing the maximum load in the power grid

The energy transition in Germany wants to convert the power supply to a regenerative generation and at the same time ensure supply even at peak load times. The peak load can either be supplied by suitable power plants or, alternatively, can be reduced per se. As a result of the liberalization of the German electricity industry, no process and associated suitable technical components are available to provide power industry actors (network operators and electricity traders) with a load reduction tool.

There are technical partial solutions such as smart meters, remote controls, smart grid approaches. These all refer to "island solutions".

• • ein Verfahren und ein System zum Sammeln von schaltbaren elektrischen Lasten und
• • Technik zum Fernschalten der aggregierten schaltbaren elektrischen Verbraucher.

The following invention relates

• A method and system for collecting switchable electrical loads and
• • Technology for remote switching of the aggregated switchable electrical consumers.

The system incorporates a technical solution incorporating modern telecommunications and Internet applications to provide a simple means of controlling the power industry (the individual actors) with a load-control instrument.

Example washing machines

In Germany, about 30 million washing machines are connected to the electricity grid. With 10% simultaneity, there are at least 3 million washing machines running, with a total output of 6 GW (= 4 nuclear power plants). If it is possible to prevent these washing machines from being switched on at peak load for a short time (2 hours), expensive power plant capacities can be avoided.

Idea and solution:

• a) einen Hardwareadapter als Schaltelement
  
  (Actor)
• b) eine Internet-Plattform (Web-Portal) zur Aggregation und Steuerung
  

• Darstellung des Gesamtsystems siehe Bild 1

The solution consists of two significant components:

• a) a hardware adapter as a switching element
  
  (Films)
• b) an internet platform (web portal) for aggregation and control
  

• Presentation of the overall system see Figure 1

Main process steps:

• Siehe Bild 2

The adapter is integrated between the socket and the consumer and makes the load switchable. It is connected to an Internet platform using standard wireless technology (mobile phone technology). The Internet platform collects the infected and switchable consumers and provides power industry actors (network operators and electricity traders) with a means of controlling.

• See picture 2

Description of the hardware adapter (referred to in the patent as "Actor"):

• Module components of the Actors see Figure 3
• Transmission data of the actor see Figure 4
• Reception data for the actor see Figure 5
• Actor control lamps see Figure 6

Show:

• 1 Power light (green): Actor is connected correctly
• 2 Communication display (green): Connection to the Internet portal is established
• 3 Switchability (blue): Device is logged in to the web portal and can be switched off by the supplier

Scope of delivery information for logging in on the Internet platform

• • Device with serial number for clear identification
• • Sim card with access code for activation on web platform

Description of components and modules

• ∎ = hardware component
• ☐ Evaluation module (electronic component with software components)

Conditions:

• - small and compact, - Size dimension slightly larger than a standard plug of an electrical device - about 10cm · 10cm · 10cm
• ∎ On the input side, the device has a standard socket for the plug of the switching device; after plugging in, the plug in the socket must be lockable
• ∎ The plug connector is provided with an electronic contact in order to be able to detect an evaluable state "device plugged / unplugged".
• ☐ interlock module (= electronic component) "device connector": evaluates when connector plug is opened and triggers to initiate reinitialization; This information is necessary for the further control steps and for the later remuneration
• ∎ On the output side, a permanently connected cable with a commercially available plug is attached so that the actor and thus also the electrically switchable device can be connected to the power supply of the building.
• ☐ Evaluation module (= electronic component) "Operating status": - evaluates whether the device is connected to mains; This information is necessary for the further control steps and for the later remuneration - whether the device hung the last x days on the net (only actually help switchable loads) - Check the reception strength
• ∎ Measuring module current and voltage

• ☐ Auswertemodul „Anschluss am Stromnetz”
• ☐ Auswertemodul „Spitzenlast”
• ☐ Auswertemodul „Durchschnittslast y Stunden”
• ☐ Speichermodul: – Speicherung der techn. Daten des angeschlossenen elektrischen Verbrauchsgerätes und – Logbuchdaten zum Auswerten für die Steuerung und spätere Abrechnung
• ☐ Uhrzeitmodul: – zur Synchronisierung mit der Uhrzeit des Webportals und – als Grundlage für die Logbucheinträge
• ☐ Kommunikationsmodul mit Sim-Karte und zum Senden und Empfangen – Sendedaten: – regelmäßig (x mal pro Tag): – Verbrauchsgerät war in den letzten x Stunden (z. B: 72) in/nicht in Betrieb – Situationsbezogen: – Verbrauchsgerät ist aktuell in Betrieb – Verbrauchsgerät ist vom Versorger, bzw. Internetportal „gesperrt” – Rückmeldung der techn. Daten nach Trigger (Anfrage) vom Webportal aus – Einmalig (nach Aktivierung) – Steckerverriegelung geschlossen; Spannung liegt an – Gerät ist aktiv/für Lastreduzierung aktivierbar – GPS-Koordinaten – Einmalig nach erstem Betrieb des Verbrauchsgerätes – Leistung und Durchschnittsleistung – Empfangsdaten: – Situationsbezogen: – Verbrauchsgerät ist aktuell in Betrieb – Regelmäßig: – Trigger für Aktualisierung der techn. Daten
• ∎ Lastrelais, das über Sendeeingang geschaltet werden kann
• ∎ Akku zur Gewährleistung der Betriebsbereitschaft während der Zeiten ohne Netzanschluss

Other electronic modules within the actor:

• ☐ Evaluation module "Connection to the mains supply"
• ☐ Evaluation module "Peak load"
• ☐ Evaluation module "Average load y hours"
• ☐ memory module: - storage of the techn. Data of the connected electrical consumption device and - logbook data for evaluation for the control and subsequent billing
• ☐ Time module: - for synchronization with the time of the web portal and - as the basis for the logbook entries
• ☐ Communication module with SIM card and for sending and receiving - Transmitted data: - regularly (x times per day): - Consumable was in / out of operation for the last x hours (eg: 72) - Situation related: - Consumption device is up-to-date in operation - Consumption device is "disabled" by the supplier or Internet portal - Feedback from the techn. Data after trigger (request) from web portal - Once (after activation) - Plug lock closed; Voltage is present - Device is active / can be activated for load reduction - GPS coordinates - Once after the first operation of the consumption device - Performance and average power - Received data: - Situation related: - Consumption device is currently in operation - Regularly: - Trigger for updating the techn. dates
• ∎ Load relay, which can be switched via send input
• ∎ Battery to ensure operational readiness during times without mains connection

• – War das Gerät in der letzten Woche (parametrierbar: in den letzten x Taben) in Betrieb (nur dann scheint es eine schaltbare Last zu sein)
• – Ist das Gerät aktuell in Betrieb (dann ist es nicht schaltbar, Schutz vor Schaden)
• – Spitzenlastauswertung → Meldung an Internetportal als Info für den Versorger
• – Speicherung der eigenen technischen Daten aus den Auswertemodulen
• – Logbuch

The following evaluations are to be guaranteed

• - Was the device in the last week (parameterizable: in the last x tabs) in operation (only then it seems to be a switchable load)
• - Is the device currently in operation (then it is not switchable, protection against damage)
• - peak load evaluation → message to Internet portal as info for the supplier
• - Storage of own technical data from the evaluation modules
• - Logbook

Description of the internet platform:

• Surface and structure of the Internet platform see Figure 7

• a) Der Stromkunde mit seinen schaltbaren Verbrauchern pro Adapter anmeldet und registriert
• b) Der Netzbetreiber oder Stromhändler ein Volumen an schaltbaren Lasten sichert und nach Bedarf steuert.
• c) Die Lastreduzierung statistisch und für Abrechnungszwecke ausgewertet wird

On a server on the Internet, a platform is made available on a database basis

• a) The electricity customer with its switchable loads per adapter logs in and registered
• b) The network operator or electricity trader secures a volume of switchable loads and controls them as needed.
• c) The load reduction is evaluated statistically and for billing purposes

To a) access of electricity customers

• - Customer can enter his zip code (to allow the electricity supplier a regional circuit, alternatively the position is transmitted by the GPS module)
• - Specification of the duration for which the consumption device can be blocked to a minimum and maximum

• See picture 8

To b) access of the electricity supplier to the data

• - The database evaluates the "inputs" of the customers and aggregates the free, switchable loads
• - The free, switchable loads can be "booked" modularly and regionally
• - Remaining switching power can be left free in order to keep other power suppliers open
• - With the "Go" button, the booked locks are switched and
• - provided as basic data to the evaluation module

• Structure of the website for the electricity supplier see Figure 9

C) Evaluation portal on the Internet

• - Evaluation module: locked time times average power; Returns a measure that may be relevant to the financial statement
• - Evaluation for supply-related consequences

• Evaluation see Figure 10

Operation of the system

• – Steuerung des Actors über Internetportal/Login für Haushalt
• – Zugang für Stromversorger: – Auswahl der Gesamtleistung zum Schalten – Nach Region – Schalttrigger

The system consists of the sum of the actors and the central web portal. Only together do we create a functioning overall system

• - Control of the actor via Internet portal / Login for household
• - Access for electricity suppliers: - Selection of the total power for switching - By region - Switching triggers

workflow process

• 1. The power customer puts the Actor between the socket and the electrical appliance (eg washing machine) and locks the plug of the appliance on the Actor
• 2. When the actuator is locked and connected to the mains supply, the actor initialises itself and transmits its radio-technology to the web platform via the built-in sim card.
• 3. The electricity customer can register with the provided individual access data on the web platform and enter the further data: a. Own contact information b. Setting parameters i. In which time windows circuits are allowed ii. Max. And minimum "lock times" iii. Specification of minimum release time after a lock iv. additional information c. Update the device data from the logbook and memory of the actor
• 4. Shifterability is released when the electrical appliance is in operation for the first time after the actor has been connected between the plug and socket and the peak load and average load has been automatically transferred to the web platform.
• 5. The web platform aggregates all connected actors and offers summed services in regional splitting to the circuit.
• 6. An energy supplier - or even a service provider that is re-established in connection with the energy turnaround and virtually represents a similar role as a supplier of power plant output - can book and switch the load capping if necessary.
• 7. Once a switch has been initiated by the utility / service provider, the selected actors will receive a switch signal to activate the load relay in the actor; this prevents the electrical appliance from being switched on at a point in time that, from the supplier's point of view, comes at an "inconvenient" point in time since the low-cost power stations have already been exhausted. With the switching signal, this switchable power is blocked for other users.
• 8. After expiry of the max. "Lock time", the actor releases the connected electrical appliance for normal operation, so that the customer z. B. can now start his washing process with delay.
• 9. The accounting of the used blocking periods can be done by evaluation modules via the web platform.

Technical detail development.

The Actor is still to develop as a technical element and to specify in detail. For the individual modules of the actor such. As the current and voltage measurement, telecommunications module, etc. can be used on proven technology. The decisive factor is the configuration in order to comply with the system concept. The web portal is still to be developed as a portal. The necessary elements correspond to those of a standard portal programming and do not represent an innovation in themselves. The innovation results from the integration into the overall system, in which the individual electricity customers provide their switchable services, the portal aggregates the free potential and the electricity sector provides as a switchable total or partial output. Instead of adding a power plant to supply when needed, a sum of small parts of the power is taken off the grid for a temporary period of time.

Commercial application

A commercial applicability arises only from the problem areas of the energy turnaround, which in turn has to struggle with causes in the liberalization in the electricity market. The deregulation brought with it a distribution of electricity into the generation market (power plant operators, generators, electricity distribution market (network operators) and electricity traders.) Prior to liberalization in 2000, the entire electricity supply was in one hand and the utility was able to optimize the entire electricity supply in their own interest Liberalization, the three independent sectors described above, which pursue their own tasks, economic objectives and interests, have been transformed into a state in which the new requirements are aligned with the historical ones In the past, security of supply can only be ensured by the network operators if the network operators have sufficient power plants Capacities that must be available for bottlenecks / load peaks. The near-blackout on February 7, 2012, which could only be prevented by adding an old oil power plant in Styria as a last resort, illustrates this situation. In this previous supply structure (considered in March 2013), the political will is only in the initial phase of integrating the one-party discussion into the planning in addition to the generation discussion. This is u. a. The fact that there is still no applicable system and no applicable method to "nega-watt power plants" (ie, non-consumption and reduction of peak load, which refers to the patent solution) equal to conventional mega-power plants (ie generation of electricity) to be able to look at.

Accordingly, the patent idea described here results from a "young" and new problem situation. Furthermore, the patent idea incorporates modern electronics, wireless technology and the Internet into the solution, which a few years ago had not yet been economically viable in this capacity. The idea described here merges modern possibilities into a system and method that enables new service providers to handle "power reduction" and "power shift" similar to power generation by power plants

cost Considerations

A cost saving is achieved primarily by the electricity supplier, while it is still to find out which part of the power supply takes the lead role. This depends u. a. also from the other political requirements. An investment pays off primarily for the provider or by a service provider "Leistungsreduzierer": "We sell movable loads !!"

Example:

1 GW peak-load power plant causes an investment volume of approx. € 500 million. 3 million washing machines draw a total of 6 GW from the power grid when operated simultaneously. To secure this 6 GW with peak load power plants, it requires an investment volume of approx. € 3 billion. If these 3 million washing machines can be displaced from the peak load, this means a cost saving of approximately € 200,000 per avoided peak power. On the investment side, a savings of € 3 billion can be achieved on the power plant construction side with 3 million relocatable consumers. Accordingly, up to € 1,000 are available for each of the load switching devices (Actor according to the patent specification) for development, production and sales. An estimate for the technical realization costs is about 100 € to 200 € per actor.

Figure 11 shows the composition of the load profile curve as an explanation of the significance of the peak load shift. The presentation was generated by the Institute for Industrial Management and Industrial Production IIP, University of Karlsruhe in the PERSEUS-ICE model with stored load curves for household applications on a winter working day.

Claims (1)

Generic term System of technical hardware, telecommunication and Internet application in connection with a method to reduce load peaks in the regional and supraregional power grid, Characteristic part: characterized in that • power consumers can make individual electrical devices with an intermediate plug (Actor) evaluable and remotely switchable • and that via wireless telecommunication these switchable potentials are made available to an Internet portal in an automated manner • and that the associated Internet portal aggregates the collected data and • that the actors of the power industry can receive a collective switchable power for a circuit • and that via the radio telecommunication the devices can be prevented from consuming energy and power for a limited time.

Images