DE102012221287A1 - Spacer arrangement for holding fuel rods in preset position, has spacer including notches provided in cylinder surface, and fuel rods adjacent to cylinder arranged such that fuel rod surface of fuel rods completely lies in notches - Google Patents
Spacer arrangement for holding fuel rods in preset position, has spacer including notches provided in cylinder surface, and fuel rods adjacent to cylinder arranged such that fuel rod surface of fuel rods completely lies in notches Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102012221287A1 DE102012221287A1 DE201210221287 DE102012221287A DE102012221287A1 DE 102012221287 A1 DE102012221287 A1 DE 102012221287A1 DE 201210221287 DE201210221287 DE 201210221287 DE 102012221287 A DE102012221287 A DE 102012221287A DE 102012221287 A1 DE102012221287 A1 DE 102012221287A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fuel rods
- cylinder
- fuel
- spacer
- fuel rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
- G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
- G21C3/336—Spacer elements for fuel rods in the bundle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abstandshalteranordnung zum Halten von mehreren Brennstäben (1) mit einer äußeren Brennstabsoberfläche (2), wobei die Brennstäbe (1) in einem definierten Abstand von einander angeordnet sind, wobei mehrere Abstandshalter vorgesehen sind, zum Halten der Brennstäbe (1) in ihrer vorgesehenen Position, wobei zumindest ein Abstandshalter umfasst: – einen Zylinder (4) mit einer Zylinderfläche (5), – ein oder mehrere Einbuchtungen (6) in der Zylinderfläche (5), – zumindest ein Bindeglied (7), wodurch der Zylinder (4) mit einem jeweils benachbarten Zylinder (4) miteinander verbunden ist, – und wobei mindestens ein, an den Zylinder (4) angrenzender Brennstab (1) dergestalt anordenbar ist, dass die Brennstabsoberfläche (2) des Brennstabs (1) in der Einbuchtung (6) an der Zylinderfläche (5) vollständig anliegt.The invention relates to a spacer arrangement for holding several fuel rods (1) with an outer fuel rod surface (2), the fuel rods (1) being arranged at a defined distance from one another, with several spacers being provided for holding the fuel rods (1) in their intended position, at least one spacer comprising: - a cylinder (4) with a cylinder surface (5), - one or more indentations (6) in the cylinder surface (5), - at least one connecting link (7), whereby the cylinder ( 4) is connected to each other with an adjacent cylinder (4), and at least one fuel rod (1) adjacent to the cylinder (4) can be arranged in such a way that the fuel rod surface (2) of the fuel rod (1) is in the indentation ( 6) is in full contact with the cylinder surface (5).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abstandshalteranordnung umfassend eine Mehrzahl von Brennstäben mit einer äußeren Brennstabsoberfläche, wobei die Brennstäbe in definiertem Abstand von einander angeordnet sind. The invention relates to a spacer arrangement comprising a plurality of fuel rods with an outer fuel rod surface, wherein the fuel rods are arranged at a defined distance from each other.
Brennstabbündel schließen eine Matrix paralleler und abgedichteter Brennstäbe ein. Die Brennstäbe werden durch eine untere Gitterplatte, welche zum Abstützen und zum beabstanden der Brennstäbe dient, und durch eine obere Gitterplatte, welche zum Abstützen zum beabstanden der Brennstäbe dient, zusammengehalten. Jeder Brennstab ist von seinem benachbarten Brennstab beabstandet. Während des Betriebs tritt Kühlmittel, beispielsweise Wasser, durch die untere Gitterplatte ein und wird durch die Brennstäbe erhitzt. Dieses Kühlmittel kann zudem verdampfen. Das Kühlmittel strömt vertikal von der unteren Gitterplatte zu der oberen Gitterplatte. Abstandshalter von Brennstäben haben die Funktion, den Abstand der einzelnen Brennstäbe zu halten, indem sie die Bewegung der einzelnen Stäbe verhindern und die Brennstoffstäbe bei Vibrationen festhalten. Die Abstandshalter können jedoch einen Druckverlust in der Kühlmittelströmung hervorrufen. Der Druckverlust reduziert jedoch den Wirkungsgrad. Kommt es nämlich zu einem Mangel an flüssigem Kühlmittel auf der äußeren Oberfläche des Brennstabes, so kann es zum Filmsieden kommen. Filmsieden ist eine Form der Verdampfung von Flüssigkeiten bei sehr hohen Wärmestromdichten. Es bildet sich auf der Heizfläche ein durchgehender Dampffilm, der eine hohe wärmeisolierende Wirkung hat. Der Brennstab ist dadurch nur Dampf ausgesetzt und die Wärmeübertragung vom Inneren des Brennstabes auf das Kühlmittel ist verringert. Dies hat zur Folge, dass bei gleichbleibender Wärmestromdichte auch die Brennstaboberflächentemperatur deutlich ansteigt. Fuel bundles include a matrix of parallel and sealed fuel rods. The fuel rods are held together by a lower grid plate which serves to support and space the fuel rods, and an upper grid plate which serves to support the fuel rods to space them. Each fuel rod is spaced from its adjacent fuel rod. During operation, coolant, such as water, enters through the lower grid plate and is heated by the fuel rods. This coolant can also evaporate. The coolant flows vertically from the lower grid plate to the upper grid plate. Fuel rod spacers function to maintain the spacing of the individual fuel rods by preventing movement of the individual rods and holding the fuel rods in vibration. However, the spacers can cause a pressure loss in the coolant flow. However, the pressure loss reduces the efficiency. If there is a lack of liquid coolant on the outer surface of the fuel rod, so it can come to film boiling. Film boiling is a form of evaporation of liquids at very high heat flux densities. It forms on the heating surface, a continuous vapor film, which has a high heat insulating effect. The fuel rod is thereby exposed only to steam and the heat transfer from the interior of the fuel rod to the coolant is reduced. This has the consequence that at a constant heat flux density and the fuel rod surface temperature increases significantly.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Angabe einer Abstandshalteranordnung, welche die oben genannten Probleme vermindert oder gar vermeidet. The object of the invention is to specify a spacer arrangement which reduces or even avoids the above-mentioned problems.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Angabe einer Abstandshalteranordnung nach Anspruch 1. The object is achieved by the specification of a spacer arrangement according to
Der besondere Vorteil der Erfindung liegt in der hohen Steifigkeit der Abstandshalteranordnung verbunden mit besonders geringem Druckverlust. Durch Einbuchtungen werden die Brennstoffstäbe an Abstandshaltern fixiert. Ein Herausrutschen der Brennstoffstäbe bei Vibration, auch bei sehr starker Vibration, ist daher nicht möglich. Das Bindeglied zwischen den einzelnen, benachbarten Zylindern sorgt für die notwendige Steifigkeit der Abstandshalteranordnung. The particular advantage of the invention lies in the high rigidity of the spacer assembly associated with particularly low pressure loss. By indentations, the fuel rods are fixed to spacers. Slipping out of the fuel rods during vibration, even with very strong vibration, is therefore not possible. The link between the individual adjacent cylinders provides the necessary rigidity of the spacer assembly.
Bevorzugt ist im Zylinder zumindest eine Drallplatte angeordnet. Bevorzugt ist die zumindest eine Drallplatte eine schraubenförmig verdrehte Metallplatte. Diese kann eine Steigung von ungefähr 45 Grad aufweisen. Durch die schraubenförmig verdrehte Metallplatte wird dem Kühlmittel ein Drall aufgeprägt, der auch nach Passieren des Zylinders anhält. Das Kühlmittel erhält somit eine Strömungsrichtung, welche quer zur ursprünglichen Strömungsrichtung ist. Sozusagen erhält das Kühlmittel eine horizontale Geschwindigkeitskomponente bei einer vertikalen Anordnung der Brennstäbe, welche bei einer Steigung von 45 Grad besonders gut in Verbindung mit einem niedrigen Druckverlust ist. Dadurch trifft das noch nicht verdampfte Kühlmittel auf eine Brennstabsoberfläche, wo es Wärme durch Verdampfen abführt. Ein Filmsieden kann somit insbesondere im Bereich der Strömung mit weniger Flüssigkeit, verglichen mit dem Fall ohne Drall, vermieden werden. Bevorzugt ist die zumindest eine Drallplatte mit dem Zylinder verschweißt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine hohe Festigkeit der Konstruktion bei Vibrationen. At least one swirl plate is preferably arranged in the cylinder. Preferably, the at least one swirl plate is a helically twisted metal plate. This may have a slope of about 45 degrees. Due to the helically twisted metal plate, a swirl is imparted to the coolant, which stops even after passing through the cylinder. The coolant thus receives a flow direction, which is transverse to the original flow direction. So to speak, the coolant maintains a horizontal velocity component with a vertical arrangement of the fuel rods, which is particularly good at a 45 degree slope in conjunction with a low pressure drop. As a result, the unevaporated coolant hits a fuel rod surface where it dissipates heat by evaporation. Film boiling can thus be avoided, especially in the area of flow with less liquid compared to the case without swirl. Preferably, the at least one swirl plate is welded to the cylinder. This results in a high strength of the construction during vibration.
Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Figur. Darin zeigt schematisch: Further features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying figure. In it shows schematically:
Die umgebende Wand
Nach dem Passieren der verdrehten Metallplatte
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210221287 DE102012221287A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2012-11-21 | Spacer arrangement for holding fuel rods in preset position, has spacer including notches provided in cylinder surface, and fuel rods adjacent to cylinder arranged such that fuel rod surface of fuel rods completely lies in notches |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210221287 DE102012221287A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2012-11-21 | Spacer arrangement for holding fuel rods in preset position, has spacer including notches provided in cylinder surface, and fuel rods adjacent to cylinder arranged such that fuel rod surface of fuel rods completely lies in notches |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102012221287A1 true DE102012221287A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
Family
ID=50625626
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210221287 Withdrawn DE102012221287A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 | 2012-11-21 | Spacer arrangement for holding fuel rods in preset position, has spacer including notches provided in cylinder surface, and fuel rods adjacent to cylinder arranged such that fuel rod surface of fuel rods completely lies in notches |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102012221287A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE9304824U1 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1993-06-03 | Siemens AG, 8000 München | Fuel element with spacers made of cylindrical spacers |
DE69210086T2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1996-12-05 | Gen Electric | Part-length fuel rod bundle with steam separator for a boiling water reactor |
DE20114248U1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2001-12-13 | Framatome ANP GmbH, 91058 Erlangen | Spacers in a fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor |
-
2012
- 2012-11-21 DE DE201210221287 patent/DE102012221287A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69210086T2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1996-12-05 | Gen Electric | Part-length fuel rod bundle with steam separator for a boiling water reactor |
DE9304824U1 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1993-06-03 | Siemens AG, 8000 München | Fuel element with spacers made of cylindrical spacers |
DE20114248U1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2001-12-13 | Framatome ANP GmbH, 91058 Erlangen | Spacers in a fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R084 | Declaration of willingness to licence | ||
R012 | Request for examination validly filed | ||
R016 | Response to examination communication | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |