DE102012212291A1 - Modular design of DC fast charging stations - Google Patents
Modular design of DC fast charging stations Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012212291A1 DE102012212291A1 DE102012212291.5A DE102012212291A DE102012212291A1 DE 102012212291 A1 DE102012212291 A1 DE 102012212291A1 DE 102012212291 A DE102012212291 A DE 102012212291A DE 102012212291 A1 DE102012212291 A1 DE 102012212291A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/53—Batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/12—Buck converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/14—Boost converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
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- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Gleichstrom-Schnellladen oder Entladen von Energiespeichereinrichtungen (11), wobei ein DC/DC-Steller-Modul ein DC/DC-Tiefsetz-Steller-Modul (15) ohne galvanische Trennung und zur galvanischen Trennung ein DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul (17) aufweist. Die Erfindung eignet sich insbesondere für das Schnellladen von Energiespeichereinrichtungen (11) von Elektrofahrzeugen. Zusätzlich wird eine standardisierte Modularisierung der Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen.The invention relates to a device for electrical direct current fast charging or discharging of energy storage devices (11), wherein a DC / DC converter module is a DC / DC buck converter module (15) without galvanic isolation and for galvanic isolation a DC / Has DC resonance converter module (17). The invention is particularly suitable for the rapid charging of energy storage devices (11) in electric vehicles. In addition, a standardized modularization of the device is proposed.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs und eine entsprechende Verwendung. The present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the main claim and a corresponding use.
Mit zunehmender Verbreitung von Elektrofahrzeugen steigt der Bedarf nach leistungsfähigen Gleichstrom-(DC-)Schnellladestationen. Mobile Batterien in Elektroautos müssen an Tankstellen möglichst schnell geladen werden, um längere Wartezeiten zu vermeiden. Stationäre Batterien werden beispielsweise dazu verwendet, Energie von Photovoltaikanlagen in sonnenreichen Perioden zu speichern, um derartige Batterien dann bei einer geringen Sonneneinstrahlung oder während der Nacht abzurufen. Bidirektionale DC-Schnellladestationen erlauben zudem das Rückspeisen von Energie zur Stabilisierung der Energieverteilnetze. Die Anwendungen haben eine ähnliche Leistungsklasse beispielsweise von 20 bis 100 kW, beispielsweise bei einem maximalen Strom von 200 A und beispielsweise einem Spannungsbereich von 200 bis 850 V. Die zentralen Komponenten der Wechselstrom-(AC-)/Gleichstrom-(DC-) und der DC/DC-Wandlung sind in allen Batterieschnellladestationen ähnlicher Leistungsklasse identisch. Spannung und Strom sind mittels dieser Komponenten in gewissen Bereichen einstellbar. Abhängig von den Eigenschaften der Batterie, dem Ladestandard eines Elektroautos oder der stationären Batterie, den Anforderungen am Netzanschluss. – Wie es beispielsweise nominale Spannung, Blindleistungskompensation, Leistungsqualität und dergleichen der verschiedenen Länder sind –, den aktiven oder passiven Filtern sowie der erforderlichen galvanischen Trennung unterscheiden sich Batterieschnellladestationen wesentlich voneinander. With the proliferation of electric vehicles, the demand for high-performance DC (DC) fast charging stations is increasing. Mobile batteries in electric cars have to be charged as fast as possible at filling stations in order to avoid longer waiting times. Stationary batteries are used, for example, to store energy from photovoltaic systems in sunny periods in order to retrieve such batteries in low sunlight or at night. Bidirectional DC fast charging stations also allow the return of energy to stabilize the energy distribution networks. The applications have a similar power rating, for example from 20 to 100 kW, for example at a maximum current of 200 A and, for example, a voltage range of 200 to 850 V. The central components of the alternating current (AC) / DC (DC) and the DC / DC conversion is identical in all battery fast charging stations of similar power class. Voltage and current are adjustable by means of these components in certain areas. Depending on the characteristics of the battery, the charging standard of an electric car or the stationary battery, the requirements of the mains connection. - As it is, for example, nominal voltage, reactive power compensation, power quality and the like of different countries -, the active or passive filters and the required galvanic separation battery fast charging stations differ significantly from each other.
Insbesondere ist es bei einer geringen Stückzahl oder während der Einführungsphase einer neuen Technologie aufwändig und kostenintensiv für jede spezielle Applikation ein eigenes Produkt zu entwickeln. Des Weiteren wurden im Fall von DC-Schnellladestationen für Elektrofahrzeuge unterschiedliche Ladestandards entwickelt, die miteinander konkurrieren. Derartige Ladestandards sind beispielsweise CHAdeMO sowie IEC 61851-23 und SAE J1772, wobei die letzteren beiden ähnlich sind. In particular, in the case of a small number of pieces or during the introduction phase of a new technology, it is complex and cost-intensive to develop a separate product for each specific application. Furthermore, in the case of DC quick charging stations for electric vehicles, different charging standards have been developed which compete with each other. Such charging standards are, for example, CHAdeMO as well as IEC 61851-23 and SAE J1772, the latter two being similar.
Es ist damit Aufgabe eine Vorrichtung und eine entsprechende Verwendung der Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Gleichstrom-Schnellladen von Energiespeichereinrichtungen entsprechend diesen zugeordneten jeweiligen Ladestandards derart bereitzustellen, dass für eine Klasse von ähnlichen Anwendungen gemeinsame modulare Komponenten verwendet werden, aus denen ein Gesamtsystem bereitgestellt werden kann. Es sollen derartige Vorrichtungen, bestehend aus einer oder mehreren Ladesäulen für jeweils ein Elektrofahrzeug, Elektrofahrzeuge mit unterschiedlichen Ladestandards bedienen können. DC-Schnellladestationen sollen als modularer Aufbau bereitgestellt sein und eine Aufteilung bzw. Anordnung einzelner Komponenten soll derart sein, dass die einzelnen Komponenten in mehreren Produktfamilien zur Verwendung kommen können. Es sollen Elektrofahrzeuge mit unterschiedlichen Ladestandards bedient werden können. Es soll ein einfacher und kostengünstiger Aufbau von Vorrichtungen zum elektrischen Gleichstrom-Schnellladen möglich sein. It is therefore an object to provide a device and corresponding use of the device for DC electric rapid charging of energy storage devices according to these associated respective charging standards such that for a class of similar applications common modular components are used, from which an overall system can be provided. It should be able to operate such vehicles, consisting of one or more charging stations for each electric vehicle, electric vehicles with different charging standards. DC fast charging stations should be provided as a modular structure and a division or arrangement of individual components should be such that the individual components can be used in several product families. It should be able to operate electric vehicles with different charging standards. It should be a simple and inexpensive construction of devices for DC electrical fast charging be possible.
Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Hauptanspruch und eine Verwendung gemäß dem Nebenanspruch gelöst. The object is achieved by a device according to the main claim and a use according to the independent claim.
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt wird eine Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Gleichstrom-Schnellladen von Energiespeichereinrichtungen entsprechend diesen zugeordneten jeweiligen Ladestandards beansprucht, die Vorrichtung aufweisend ein an ein elektrisches Leistungsversorgungsnetz elektrisch gekoppeltes AC-/DC-Konverter-Modul; ein an das AC-/DC-Konverter-Modul elektrisch gekoppeltes DC-/DC-Steller-Modul; für jeden Ladestandard ein an das DC-/DC-Steller-Modul elektrisch gekoppeltes und diesem Ladestandard angepasstes Schnittstellen-Modul und zur diesem Ladestandard entsprechenden Einkopplung elektrischer Energie in eine diesem Ladestandard entsprechende jeweilige Energiespeichereinrichtung, wobei das DC-/DC-Steller-Modul ein DC-/DC-Steller-Modul ohne galvanische Trennung und zur galvanischen Trennung ein DC-/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul aufweist. According to a first aspect, there is claimed a device for DC electrical fast charging of energy storage devices in accordance with respective associated charging standards, the device comprising an AC / DC converter module electrically coupled to an electrical power supply network; a DC / DC modulator module electrically coupled to the AC / DC converter module; for each charging standard, an interface module electrically coupled to the DC / DC modulator module and adapted to this charging standard, and for coupling this electrical energy into a respective energy storage device corresponding to this charging standard, wherein the DC / DC modulator module DC / DC controller module without galvanic isolation and for DC isolation has a DC / DC resonant converter module.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt erfolgt eine Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, in dem eine Energiespeichereinrichtung eines Elektrofahrzeuges in dem räumlichen Bereich des an den Ladestandard der Energiespeichereinrichtung angepassten Schnittstellen-Moduls positioniert wird, und nach einer elektrischen Kopplung der Energiespeichereinrichtung mit dem Schnittstellen-Modul elektrische Energie in die oder aus der Energiespeichereinrichtung ein- oder ausgekoppelt wird. According to a second aspect, use is made of a device according to the invention in which an energy storage device of an electric vehicle is positioned in the spatial region of the interface module adapted to the charging standard of the energy storage device, and after an electrical coupling of the energy storage device to the interface module electrical energy is input or output to or from the energy storage device.
Elektrisch Koppeln bedeutet, das Bereitstellen einer elektrischen Verbindung mittels kapazitiven, induktiven und/oder ohmschen Koppelelementen. Electrical coupling means providing an electrical connection by means of capacitive, inductive and / or ohmic coupling elements.
Es erfolgt eine Aufteilung eines herkömmlichen DC-/DC-Stellers in ein DC/DC-Steller-Modul und in ein DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul. Die galvanische Trennung erfolgt mittels des DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Moduls, das ebenso als vollresonanter DC-DC-Steller bezeichnet werden kann. Im DC/DC-Steller-Modul selbst erfolgt keine galvanische Trennung. There is a division of a conventional DC / DC controller in a DC / DC controller module and in a DC / DC resonant converter module. The galvanic isolation is carried out by means of the DC / DC resonant converter module, which can also be called a fully resonant DC-DC controller. There is no galvanic isolation in the DC / DC controller module itself.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden in Verbindung mit den Unteransprüchen beansprucht. Further advantageous embodiments are claimed in conjunction with the subclaims.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann für einen unidirektionalen oder bidirektionalen Betrieb das DC/DC-Steller-Modul ein DC/DC-Tiefsetz-Steller-Modul oder ein DC/DC-Hochsetz/Tiefsetz-Steller-Modul jeweils ohne galvanische Trennung aufweisen und mittels des Schnittstellen-Moduls elektrische Energie entweder in oder in und aus der Energiespeichereinrichtung ausgekoppelt werden. According to an advantageous embodiment, for a unidirectional or bidirectional operation, the DC / DC controller module may have a DC / DC step-down converter module or a DC / DC step-up / step-down module each without galvanic isolation and by means of Interface module electrical energy either in or in and out of the energy storage device are coupled.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung können das AC/DC-Konvertermodul, das DC/DC-Steller-Modul und jeweilige Schnittstellen-Module an die mechanischen und/oder elektrischen Eigenschaften des Leistungsversorgungsnetzes, der Energiespeichereinrichtungen und/oder der Elektrofahrzeuge standardisiert angepasst ausgebildet sein. Infolge des modularen Aufbaus und der Aufteilung sind herkömmliche Standardkomponenten für die erfindungsgemäßen Anwendungen, insbesondere in Bezug auf eine Elektromobilitätsinfrastruktur verwendbar. In Folge von Synergieeffekten können Kosten gespart werden. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Verwendung unterschiedlicher Typen von AC/DC-Konvertern bzw. AC/DC-Wandler. Ein modularer Aufbau ermöglicht insbesondere auf folgende Anforderungen flexibel einzugehen. Diese sind unterschiedliche Ladestandards, d.h. unterschiedliche Schnittstellen, die mechanische Stecker, elektrische Eigenschaften und Kommunikationsarten zum Fahrzeug festlegen können. Elektrofahrzeuge können mit minimalem Zusatzaufwand, unter Verwendung derselben Leistungselektronik, bedient werden. Unterschiedliche Netzanschlussbedingungen, wie es beispielsweise Spannung, Netzrückkopplung oder Oberschwingungen sein können. Unterschiedliche Ausbaustufen einer Vorrichtung bzw. Ladestation, und zwar ein oder mehrere Ladepunkte, unterschiedliche Leistungsklassen auf der DC-Seite zum Fahrzeug, sowie auf der AC-Seite zum Netz, sowie beispielsweise eine optionale Verwendung einer stationären Pufferbatterie. Ferner stellt der modulare Aufbau mit standardisierten Einzelkomponenten einen Fertigungs- und Prüfvorteil für einen Hersteller dar. Es ergibt sich eine wirksame Kostenersparnis. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the AC / DC converter module, the DC / DC controller module and respective interface modules can be adapted to the mechanical and / or electrical properties of the power supply network, the energy storage devices and / or the electric vehicles adapted standardized. Due to the modular design and layout, conventional standard components are useful for the applications of the present invention, particularly with respect to an electromobility infrastructure. As a result of synergy effects, costs can be saved. This applies in particular to the use of different types of AC / DC converters or AC / DC converters. A modular design makes it possible in particular to flexibly address the following requirements. These are different charging standards, i. different interfaces that can define mechanical connectors, electrical properties and communication modes to the vehicle. Electric vehicles can be operated with minimal overhead using the same power electronics. Different mains connection conditions, such as voltage, network feedback or harmonics. Different expansion stages of a device or charging station, namely one or more charging points, different power classes on the DC side to the vehicle, as well as on the AC side to the network, as well as, for example, an optional use of a stationary backup battery. Furthermore, the modular design with standardized individual components represents a manufacturing and testing advantage for a manufacturer. This results in an effective cost savings.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann die Ausgangsspannung und der Ladestrom des Schnittstellen-Moduls mittels der Ausgangsspannung des DC/DC-Tiefsetz-Steller-Moduls eingestellt werden. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the output voltage and the charging current of the interface module can be adjusted by means of the output voltage of the DC / DC buck converter module.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann das DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul ein konstantes Eingangs/Ausgangs-Spannungsverhältnis aufweisen. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the DC / DC resonant converter module can have a constant input / output voltage ratio.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann mittels einer Schalteinrichtung von jedem DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul auf Schnittstellen-Module unterschiedlicher und/oder gleicher Ladestandards umgeschaltet werden. According to a further advantageous embodiment, by means of a switching device of each DC / DC resonant converter module to interface modules of different and / or the same charging standards can be switched.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann eine Mehrzahl von DC/DC-Steller-Modulen für jeweils verschiedene und/oder gleiche Ladestandards direkt an den AC/DC-Konverter elektrisch gekoppelt sein. According to a further advantageous embodiment, a plurality of DC / DC converter modules for different and / or the same charging standards can be electrically coupled directly to the AC / DC converter.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann eine Steuereinrichtung die elektrische Kopplung der DC/DC-Steller-Module an den AC/DC-Konverter derart steuern, dass die Nennleistungen der elektrisch gekoppelten DC/DC-Steller-Module kleiner oder gleich der Nennleistung des AC/DC-Konverters sind. According to a further advantageous embodiment, a control device can control the electrical coupling of the DC / DC converter modules to the AC / DC converter in such a way that the rated power of the electrically coupled DC / DC converter modules is less than or equal to the rated power of the AC / DC converter. DC converter are.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann an den AC/DC-Konverter ein zusätzliches bidirektionales DC/DC-Hochsetz/Tiefsetz-Steller-Modul elektrisch gekoppelt sein, das eine stationäre elektrische Energiespeichereinrichtung lädt oder entlädt. According to a further advantageous embodiment, an additional bidirectional DC / DC boost / buck converter module can be electrically coupled to the AC / DC converter which charges or discharges a stationary electrical energy storage device.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann die Ladeleistung einer zu ladenden Energiespeichereinrichtung mittels der Summe der Nennleistung des AC/DC-Konverters und der elektrischen Leistung der sich entladenden stationären Energiespeichereinrichtung bereitgestellt werden. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the charging power of an energy storage device to be charged can be provided by means of the sum of the rated power of the AC / DC converter and the electrical power of the discharging stationary energy storage device.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann eine Energiespeichereinrichtung jeweils Bestandteil eines Elektrofahrzeuges sein, das ein Motormodul aufweist, das mit drei jeweiligen Serienschwingkreisen drei unabhängige bidirektionale DC/DC-Hochsetz/Tiefsetz-Steller-Module ohne galvanische Trennung bereitstellt. Auf diese Weise kann ein herkömmliches Motormodul besonders vorteilhaft verwendet werden. According to a further advantageous embodiment, an energy storage device may each be part of an electric vehicle having a motor module that provides three independent bidirectional DC / DC boost / buck converter modules without galvanic isolation with three respective series resonant circuits. In this way, a conventional motor module can be used particularly advantageously.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann an jedes DC/DC-Hochsetz/Tiefsetz-Steller-Modul ein die galvanische Trennung erzeugendes DC/DC-Resonanzwandler-Modul elektrisch gekoppelt sein. According to a further advantageous embodiment, a DC / DC resonant converter module generating the electrical isolation can be electrically coupled to each DC / DC step-up / step-down modulator module.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann an eines der DC/DC-Hochsetz/Tiefsetz-Steller-Module eine stationäre elektrische Energiespeichereinrichtung elektrisch gekoppelt sein. According to a further advantageous embodiment, a stationary electrical energy storage device may be electrically coupled to one of the DC / DC boost / buck converter modules.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann ein jeweiliges Schnittstellen-Modul über eine jeweils einheitliche Schnittstelle mit der Steuereinrichtung, dem DC/DC-Steller-Modul und einer Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle kommunizieren. According to a further advantageous embodiment, a respective interface module via a respective uniform interface with the control device, the DC / DC controller module and a man-machine interface communicate.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann das AC/DC-Konverter-Modul mit jedem DC/DC-Steller-Modul kommunizieren. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the AC / DC converter module can communicate with each DC / DC controller module.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit den Figuren näher beschrieben. The invention will be described in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the figures.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Dies zeigt
An einer Tankstelle für Elektrofahrzeuge müssen die Fahrzeuge unterschiedlicher Hersteller und mit unterschiedlichen Batterien und Ladestandards geladen werden. Eine galvanische Trennung der Autos ist voneinander vorgeschrieben. Eine stationäre Batterie wird über eine Batterieschnellladestation ohne galvanische Trennung an eine Photovoltaikanlage angeschlossen. Auf einem großen Parkplatz eines Konzerns werden an einer Batterieschnellladestation mehrere Fahrzeuge angeschlossen, die während der Arbeitszeit nacheinander geladen werden können. Gleichzeitig dienen die Fahrzeuge als Energiespeicher für Verbraucher bzw. Generatoren auf dem Betriebsgelände. Verkauf von Batterieschnellladestationen ähnlicher Leistungsklasse in Ländern mit verschiednen Anforderungen an Netzanschlusspunkt oder an die Elektromobilitätsinfrastruktur.
At a gas station for electric vehicles, the vehicles of different manufacturers and with different batteries and charging standards must be charged. A galvanic separation of the cars is prescribed from each other. A stationary battery is connected to a photovoltaic system via a battery fast charging station without electrical isolation. On a large parking lot of a group, several vehicles are connected to a battery charging station, which can be loaded one after the other during working hours. At the same time, the vehicles serve as energy storage for consumers or generators on the premises. Sale of battery-charging stations of similar power class in countries with different requirements for grid connection point or the electromobility infrastructure.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann je nach Anwendung ein AC/DC-Konverter-Modul
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum elektrischen Gleichstrom-Schnellladen oder Entladen von Energiespeichereinrichtungen (
Claims (16)
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DE102012212291.5A DE102012212291A1 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | Modular design of DC fast charging stations |
PCT/EP2013/064485 WO2014009369A2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-07-09 | Modular construction of dc fast-charging stations |
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DE102012212291.5A DE102012212291A1 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | Modular design of DC fast charging stations |
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