DE102012212107A1 - Method for controlling temperature of individual components and/or regions of vehicle e.g. electric car, involves heating electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by heat pump if necessary - Google Patents

Method for controlling temperature of individual components and/or regions of vehicle e.g. electric car, involves heating electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by heat pump if necessary Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102012212107A1
DE102012212107A1 DE201210212107 DE102012212107A DE102012212107A1 DE 102012212107 A1 DE102012212107 A1 DE 102012212107A1 DE 201210212107 DE201210212107 DE 201210212107 DE 102012212107 A DE102012212107 A DE 102012212107A DE 102012212107 A1 DE102012212107 A1 DE 102012212107A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heat pump
vehicle
energy storage
electric energy
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE201210212107
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German (de)
Inventor
Christian Knobel
Alexander MEIJERING
Oliver Horn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority to DE201210212107 priority Critical patent/DE102012212107A1/en
Publication of DE102012212107A1 publication Critical patent/DE102012212107A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The method involves providing a propulsive electric energy generating machine, supplying electric energy from an electric energy storage device, and heating the electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by a heat pump if necessary. The combustion engine of the vehicle is kept at moderate temperature by the heat pump. The preheating of the engine is started by the heat pump. The heat dissipated from the heat pump is transferred to the combustion engine through a heat exchanger. The passenger compartment of the vehicle is kept at moderate temperature by the heat pump.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

Im Unterschied zu herkömmlichen Fahrzeugen mit permanentem verbrennungsmotorischen Antrieb steht bei Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeugen in rein elektrischen Fahrphasen nicht immer hinreichend Wärme zur Beheizung des Fahrgastraums zur Verfügung. Bislang kommen in Elektro- und Plug-in-Hybridfahrzeugen häufig „ohmsche Heizungen”, d. h. elektrisch betriebene Widerstandsheizungen zum Einsatz. Da diese jedoch die „elektrische Reichweite” derartiger Fahrzeuge deutlich reduzieren, werden seit geraumer Zeit auch Wärmepumpen für einen Einsatz in Fahrzeugen, insbesondere in Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeugen, untersucht. Vor diesem Hintergrund kommen insbesondere Wärmepumpen zur Temperierung des Fahrgastraums in Betracht.In contrast to conventional vehicles with permanent internal combustion engine drive is not always sufficient heat for heating the passenger compartment available in electric or hybrid vehicles in purely electric driving phases. So far, in electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles often come "ohmic heaters", d. H. electrically operated resistance heaters are used. However, as these significantly reduce the "electric range" of such vehicles, heat pumps for use in vehicles, in particular in electric or hybrid vehicles, have been investigated for quite some time. Against this background, in particular heat pumps for temperature control of the passenger compartment into consideration.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, welches die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Wärmepumpen in Fahrzeugen erweitert.The object of the invention is to provide a method which extends the applications of heat pumps in vehicles.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Temperieren einzelner Komponenten oder Bereiche eines Fahrzeugs. Bei dem Fahrzeug kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Hybridfahrzeug oder um ein reines Elektrofahrzeug handeln. Unter einem Hybridfahrzeug wird ein Fahrzeug verstanden, welches einen Vortrieb erzeugenden Verbrennungsmotor und eine Vortrieb erzeugende elektrische Maschine aufweist, die von einem elektrischen Energiespeicher mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird. Ein reines Elektrofahrzeug zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Fahrzeug ausschließlich von der elektrischen Maschine antreibbar ist, d. h., dass kein Verbrennungsmotor vorgesehen ist. Mittels einer Wärmepumpe kann die in einen Fahrgastraum des Fahrzeugs einströmende Luft temperiert werden.The starting point of the invention is a method for controlling the temperature of individual components or areas of a vehicle. The vehicle may be, for example, a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle. A hybrid vehicle is understood to mean a vehicle which has a propulsion-producing internal combustion engine and a propulsion-producing electrical machine which is supplied with electrical energy by an electrical energy store. A pure electric vehicle is characterized in that the vehicle is driven only by the electric machine, d. h., That no internal combustion engine is provided. By means of a heat pump, the air flowing into a passenger compartment of the vehicle can be tempered.

Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, dass mittels der Wärmepumpe bei Bedarf der elektrische Energiespeicher (z. B. Batterie) des Fahrzeugs temperiert wird. Insbesondere bei kalten Außentemperaturen kann es von Vorteil sein, den elektrischen Energiespeicher auf eine vorgegebene Mindestbetriebstemperatur vorzuheizen. Dadurch kann bei kalten Umgebungstemperaturen eine höhere Fahrleistung erreicht werden. Bei Hybridfahrzeugen steigt durch die höhere Leistungsfähigkeit die „e-Verfügbarkeit”. Damit sinkt bei vorgegebener Fahrerwunschleistung der Kohlendioxidausstoß.The essence of the invention is that the electric energy storage device (eg battery) of the vehicle is tempered by means of the heat pump if necessary. In particular, in cold outside temperatures, it may be advantageous to preheat the electrical energy storage to a predetermined minimum operating temperature. As a result, a higher mileage can be achieved in cold ambient temperatures. In hybrid vehicles, the higher efficiency increases the "e-availability". This reduces the carbon dioxide emissions at a given driver's desired output.

Wichtig für eine Temperierung des elektrischen Energiespeichers durch die Wärmepumpe ist, dass ein „Temperierungskreislauf” („Kühlkreislauf”) des elektrischen Energiespeichers thermisch mit dem Wärmepumpenkreislauf (Kältemittelkreislauf) gekoppelt ist.Important for a temperature of the electrical energy storage by the heat pump is that a "Temperierungskreislauf" ("cooling circuit") of the electrical energy storage is thermally coupled to the heat pump cycle (refrigerant circuit).

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Wärmepumpe bei einem Hybridfahrzeug auch zum Temperieren, insbesondere zum Vorheizen, des Verbrennungsmotors eingesetzt werden, wodurch sich Emissionen verringern, die innere Reibung im Verbrennungsmotor senken und die Akustik des Verbrennungsmotors verbessern lässt.According to a development of the invention, the heat pump in a hybrid vehicle can also be used for tempering, in particular for preheating, of the internal combustion engine, thereby reducing emissions, reducing internal friction in the internal combustion engine and improving the acoustics of the internal combustion engine.

Die Wärmepumpe kann über einen Wärmetauscher (z. B. Kältemittel-/Flüssigkeitswärmetauscher) mit einem den Verbrennungsmotor durchströmenden Fluidkreislauf bzw. ”Kühlkreislauf” thermisch gekoppelt sein. Die von der Wärmepumpe abgegebene Wärme wird somit über den Wärmetauscher an den Fluidkreislauf des Verbrennungsmotors und somit an den Verbrennungsmotor an sich abgegeben.The heat pump can be thermally coupled via a heat exchanger (eg, refrigerant / liquid heat exchanger) to a fluid circuit or "cooling circuit" flowing through the internal combustion engine. The heat emitted by the heat pump is thus discharged via the heat exchanger to the fluid circuit of the internal combustion engine and thus to the internal combustion engine itself.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zum Temperieren einzelner Komponenten bzw. Bereiche eines Fahrzeugs, welches eine Vortrieb erzeugende elektrische Maschine aufweist, die von einem elektrischen Energiespeicher mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels einer Wärmepumpe bei Bedarf der elektrische Energiespeicher temperiert wird.A method for controlling the temperature of individual components or areas of a vehicle, which has a propulsion-generating electric machine, which is supplied by an electrical energy storage with electrical energy, characterized in that by means of a heat pump, if necessary, the electrical energy storage is controlled. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Energiespeicher mittels der Wärmepumpe beheizt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical energy storage is heated by means of the heat pump. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der Wärmepumpe ein Verbrennungsmotor des Fahrzeugs temperiert wird.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that by means of the heat pump, an internal combustion engine of the vehicle is heated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der Wärmepumpe der Verbrennungsmotor des Fahrzeugs beheizt bzw. vor einem Starten des Verbrennungsmotors vorgeheizt wird.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that by means of the heat pump, the internal combustion engine of the vehicle is heated or preheated before starting the internal combustion engine. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von der Wärmepumpe abgegebene Wärme über einen Wärmetauscher an einen den Verbrennungsmotor durchströmenden Fluidkreislauf übertragen wird.Method according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that heat emitted by the heat pump is transmitted via a heat exchanger to a fluid circuit flowing through the internal combustion engine. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels der Wärmepumpe die in einen Fahrgastraum des Fahrzeugs einströmende Luft temperiert wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that by means of Heat pump is tempered in a passenger compartment of the vehicle incoming air.
DE201210212107 2012-07-11 2012-07-11 Method for controlling temperature of individual components and/or regions of vehicle e.g. electric car, involves heating electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by heat pump if necessary Ceased DE102012212107A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210212107 DE102012212107A1 (en) 2012-07-11 2012-07-11 Method for controlling temperature of individual components and/or regions of vehicle e.g. electric car, involves heating electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by heat pump if necessary

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210212107 DE102012212107A1 (en) 2012-07-11 2012-07-11 Method for controlling temperature of individual components and/or regions of vehicle e.g. electric car, involves heating electric energy storage device at moderate temperature by heat pump if necessary

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009034223A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2010-02-18 Daimler Ag Vehicle e.g. electric vehicle, has heating device including reaction area for redox reaction process, and phase transition process, and reversible reaction of chemical process using reactants, and pump and/or heat accumulator
WO2011036239A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg System for a motor vehicle for heating and/or cooling a battery and a motor vehicle interior
US20110219792A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2011-09-15 Arkerna France Method for heating and/or air conditioning a vehicle
DE102010023178A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Air conditioner for inner chamber air-conditioning of motor vehicle and for cooling or heating drive system, has chiller which is connected with vehicle cooler and auxiliary devices over cooling component circuit
DE102011008552A1 (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 Volkswagen Ag Motor vehicle with an air conditioner

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110219792A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2011-09-15 Arkerna France Method for heating and/or air conditioning a vehicle
DE102009034223A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2010-02-18 Daimler Ag Vehicle e.g. electric vehicle, has heating device including reaction area for redox reaction process, and phase transition process, and reversible reaction of chemical process using reactants, and pump and/or heat accumulator
WO2011036239A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg System for a motor vehicle for heating and/or cooling a battery and a motor vehicle interior
DE102010023178A1 (en) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Air conditioner for inner chamber air-conditioning of motor vehicle and for cooling or heating drive system, has chiller which is connected with vehicle cooler and auxiliary devices over cooling component circuit
DE102011008552A1 (en) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 Volkswagen Ag Motor vehicle with an air conditioner

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Effective date: 20140219