DE102012208941A1 - Ice storage for cooling environment or for cooling of foodstuffs and for production of ice, comprises container and heat exchanger, which is elastic conduit element that has outer surface with coating having anti ice adhesion characteristic - Google Patents

Abstract

The ice storage (100) comprises a container (50) and a heat exchanger (40) arranged in the container. The heat exchanger is an elastic conduit element. The elastic conduit element comprises an outer surface with a coating having anti ice adhesion characteristic. The coating has a thickness of 10 to 200 nanometer and comprises 15 to 75 atom percentage of fluorine, and 25 to 85 atom percentage of the other components. The coating has polymeric fluorocarbon layers and a patterning, particularly in the form of a dot or line pattern. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a method for production of ice using an ice storage; and (2) a method for cooling the environment or objects using an ice storage.

Description

The present invention relates to an ice storage and method for cooling environment and / or objects and for the production of ice.

Ice storage are essentially composed of a, usually filled with water, container and a heat exchanger present in the container, wherein in the heat exchanger, coolant are evaporated, so that forms on the outside of the heat exchanger ice. Ice storage are so-called latent storage, which store in the process taking place in the container phase transition from water to ice cold energy in the form of ice formed on the heat exchangers and are charged as it were. If heated coolant is pumped through the heat exchanger, the stored cooling energy can be released by defrosting again to the coolant, which corresponds to a discharge of the ice storage. So the ice cream stores the generated cold and can make it available again when needed. Such ice storage can be used for example in the building air conditioning, for cooling of, for example, food or ice cream.

A disadvantage of known ice storage systems is that ice grows around the heat exchanger, which are designed, for example, as copper snakes around and thereby hinders the heat transfer from the cooling liquid, so the coolant in the container contents, since the ice layer is an additional barrier of heat transfer. Since ice has a low thermal conductivity (2.25 W / (m · K)), this layer is insulating and the heat transfer into the container contents is reduced.

Ice storage systems are known in which heat exchanger tubes are arranged in a very close distance from each other, so that a thinner layer of ice is needed to completely freeze through the container. The degression of the heat transfer is thus reduced.

The DE 198 39 867 A1 discloses an ice storage for a heat pump, this ice storage solves the problem of the formation of an undesirably thick layer of ice in that a so-called separating fluid peels off the forming ice layer. Accordingly, it is known to apply to heat exchangers separate, separable Eisträger in the form of thin films, which are by blowing with the separating fluid, a hot coolant, able to blast off the ice formed. This construction is complex, costly and maintenance-intensive and prone to failure.

The technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a device which overcomes the aforementioned technical disadvantages, in particular an improved heat transfer from the cooling liquid to the contents of the container, in particular in a cost effective and effective manner the formation of a heat transfer obstructing undesirably thick Ice layer prevented or reduced.

The technical problem underlying the present invention is also to provide methods which serve for ice production, for cooling of objects, for example food, or the environment, for example rooms, and do not suffer from the disadvantages of the ice storage systems commonly used in these processes are.

The solution to these technical problems is provided by the teaching of the independent claims.

In particular, the solution to the technical problem is provided by an ice storage comprising a container and a heat exchanger disposed in the container, characterized in that the heat exchanger is an elastic conduit member, preferably an elastic hose member.

In the context of the present invention, an ice storage is also referred to as Eislatentpeicher. An ice storage according to the present teaching is a container, in particular a liquid-filled container, in particular a water-filled container, wherein the walls, the bottom and the optionally present cover of the container completely or optionally partially enclose a container interior and wherein in the container, a heat exchanger is arranged in which there is preferably a coolant. In a preferred embodiment, the container is designed so that the coolant via the heat exchanger preferably fluid-tight, so gas and liquid tight, connected supply and drain systems in and out of the at least partially present in the container heat exchanger and can be removed. Ice storage can be made of plastic, stone, concrete, metals, steel, composites or the like.

In the context of the present invention, a heat exchanger is also understood to mean a heat exchanger or heat exchanger, and thus a device which can transfer thermal energy from one substance, in particular material flow, to another, wherein the device has a material-enclosed, surrounded cavity with inlet and outlet opening for the flow of Coolant, so can be provided with at least one each inlet and outlet opening container, preferably with a larger compared to the cavity surface, for example, a hose, a cannula or a hose mesh.

In the context of the present invention, a heat exchanger designed as an elastic conduit element is understood to mean a heat exchanger, ie a material-enclosed, walled cavity with inlet and outlet opening for the passage of coolant, which is characterized by a reversible deformability, in particular allows the passage of coolant the surface of the conduit element deform reversibly, in particular increase and decrease, can, in particular by changing the pressure of a present in the elastic conduit member coolant. In the context of the present invention, an elastic conduit element is also understood to mean an expandable conduit element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the conduit element is a conduit, for example tubular or tubular. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the line element in cross-section is circular, oval or angular, in particular four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven or twelve-sided. The conduit element may be unbranched or branched.

The elastic, that is stretchable, structure of the line element of the device according to the invention makes it possible to deform by increasing the pressure on the guided through the elastic conduit member coolant this line member, in particular its outer surface to increase reversible, so that it formed ice can be blasted. Therefore, the invention provides the surprising and advantageous effect that by using an elastic conduit element as a heat exchanger disturbing ice layers can be blasted from the line element in a simple, cost effective and very effective manner by increasing the pressure of existing in the line element coolant and so the conduit element is reversibly deformed.

In the context of the present invention, it is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment that the conduit element consists of silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, methylene chloride. Vinyl silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, butyl rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, fluoro rubber, perfluoro rubber, polyester urethane, polyether urethane, chlorosulphonyl rubber Polyethylene rubber, polysulfide rubber or epichlorohydrin rubber is constructed.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the elastic conduit element, in particular hose element, has an outer surface with a coating which has anti-ice adhesion properties. This is also referred to below as Antieisbeschichtung.

In the context of the present invention, anti-ice adhesion properties are understood to mean that the ice adhesion on the outer surface of the conduit element is very low, that is to say that ice can be detached from this surface relatively easily.

In the context of the present invention, the ice adhesion is determined by an ice removal test. According to this ice deduction test, water, in particular a drop of water, is frozen on the surface for which ice adhesion is to be determined. In the water, especially drops of water, a cannula is frozen with, where you can deduct the frozen drops of water from the surface. Subsequently, the drop is withdrawn vertically from the surface and the force applied is measured. From the quotient of force and surface (F / A, force / area) results the ice adhesion.

The present invention therefore relates, in a preferred embodiment, to an aforementioned ice storage device whose elastic conduit element has a coating with an anti-adhesion property, the coating having polymeric fluorocarbon layers.

The present invention solves the underlying technical problem in a preferred embodiment, by providing an ice storage, comprising a container and designed as an elastic conduit member heat exchanger, comprising an applied on at least one surface of the elastic conduit member Antieisbeschichtung a thickness of 10 to 200 nm, containing, preferably consisting of, a) 15 to 75 atom% of fluorine and 25 to 85 atom% of further components, each determined according to XPS analysis (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and based on total atomic% of the anti-icing coating ,

In a preferred embodiment, the anti-ice coating preferably provided according to the invention has a structuring, in particular a topographic structuring, in particular a dot or line pattern.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the further components are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon.

The anti-ice coating preferably provided according to the invention is preferably hydrophobic and oleophobic.

The anti-ice coating preferably provided according to the invention is furthermore distinguished in a preferred embodiment by the structuring provided, in particular a two- or three-dimensional structuring. In a preferred embodiment, the structuring can be provided by the type of material, in particular the hydrophilicity and / or ice adhesion, and / or a geometric relief design, in particular a topographic structuring. The proposed structuring, in particular topographic structuring, in a preferred embodiment can provide a structurally heterogeneous surface, in particular one which, in defined regions defined by the line or dot pattern, has a worse or better adhesion to ice than in others defined by the pattern Causes areas so that it comes to a different ice adhesion on the surface, which leads to break points and thus to a less stable Eisanhaftungsprozess. Accordingly, for example, the line pattern or dot pattern may cause inferior ice adhesion to the lines or dots of the surface. In a preferred embodiment, the line or dot pattern may consist of hydrophilic lines or dots, thus providing better ice adhesion to the lines or dots; This leads to a targeted growth of ice crystals in the hydrophilic areas on the hydrophobically coated surface, with the result that the unconnected ice crystals are more easily torn off.

In another embodiment, the dot or line pattern may be more hydrophobic than the anti-icing coating, thus also resulting in heterogeneous surface texturing.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, structuring, in particular topographic structuring, means that the coating reveals a structure on its surface, for example a three-dimensional structure, in particular in the form of depressions and / or elevations, in particular in line form or in point form. In a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional structuring is additionally distinguished by defined regions of different hydrophilicity and / or hydrophobicity or ice adhesion. The structuring may also represent a two-dimensional structuring, wherein the structure is effected for example solely by a different surface texture, for example by defined regions of different hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity and / or different ice adhesion, preferably also in the dot or line pattern.

The preferred procedure according to the invention of providing a preferably hydrophobic and oleophobic coating of a surface of the elastic conduit element in combination with structuring, in particular topographic structuring, in particular a dot or line pattern, results in reduced adhesion to water, reduced formation of ice and / or a reduced degree of ice formation ice adhesion. The anti-icing coating provided according to the invention causes a reduced adhesion to ice, that is, ice can be blown up largely without residue.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a structuring method for providing a structuring, for example an embossing method, is provided. In this preferred embodiment, the surface to be coated is first patterned, in particular embossed, and then coated with the intended anti-icing coating. Alternatively, the surface is first coated with the anti-icing coating and then structured, in particular embossed. In a further embodiment, it may be provided to coat the surface to be coated only partially, for example to cover it with at least one mask and to perform a coating, so that in this case the structuring method, namely the use of a mask during coating, simultaneously with the coating itself accompanied.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the anti-icing coating contains 15 to 75 atom% fluorine, in particular 15 to 60 atom% fluorine, preferably 20 to 55 atom%, preferably 25 to 50 atom% fluorine, in particular 30 to 50 atom% fluorine ,

In a further preferred embodiment, the anti-icing coating contains from 25 to 85 atom%, preferably 40 to 85 atom%, preferably 45 to 80 atom%, preferably 50 to 75 atom%, in particular 50 to 70 atom% of further components.

At.% Of the elements present in the coating refer to total atomic% of the anti-icing coating and add up to 100 at.% Of the total anti-icing coating.

The coating preferably contains 0.1 to 4.9 atom% of oxygen as a further component. The coating preferably contains hydrogen as further component. Preferably, the Coating as another component carbon. The coating preferably contains oxygen, hydrogen and carbon as further components. The coating preferably contains oxygen and hydrogen as further components. The coating preferably contains carbon and hydrogen as further components.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the coating contains 15 to 75 atom%, preferably 15 to 60 atom%, preferably 20 to 55 atom%, preferably 25 to 50 atom%, fluorine and 25 to 85 atom%, preferably 40 to 85 atomic%, preferably 45 to 80 atomic%, preferably 50 to 75 atomic%, of carbon and hydrogen.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the elastic conduit element has the coating directly on a surface.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the elastic conduit element has a supported coating of the type according to the invention, that is to say that the coating is applied by means of a carrier to a surface of the conduit element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, this support is a support of lacquer or plastic, in particular polyurethane (PU), polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PE (polyethylene), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride).

In a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, the support for the coating is a film, in particular made of plastic, in particular a plastic film of PU, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, PET, PE, ABS and / or PVC. Preferably, the plastic film is a self-adhesive plastic film. The coated according to the invention, in particular plastic films, can be applied to the surface of the elastic conduit member to be coated, for example, glued or laminated under temperature. This has the advantage that the films on the surfaces of the conduit member can be easily replaced when exposed to great wear. According to the invention, the worn films are removed and replaced by new, coated films.

In a further preferred embodiment, the support may also be a lacquer film, a lacquer film or a lacquer layer, in particular one which has a thickness of 0.003 to 0.050 mm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surface of the elastic conduit element can be a plastic surface, a paint surface, a metal surface or a composite surface. A plastic surface of an elastic conduit element can be constructed, for example, of PU, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, PET, PE, ABS or PVC. A metal surface may for example be constructed of stainless steel, copper, aluminum and / or magnesium. A paint surface may be, for example, a paint film or a paint film.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the invention preferably on a surface of the elastic conduit member applied directly or by means of a carrier anti-icing by an ice-adhesion, also referred to as ice adhesion, of ≤ 200 kPa, preferably <200 kPa, preferably ≤ 150 kPa, in particular ≤ 95 kPa, in particular <95 kPa.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the coating has a maximum thickness of ≦ 200 nm, preferably <200 nm, preferably ≦ 150 nm, preferably ≦ 100 nm, preferably ≦ 50 nm, in particular <50 nm.

In a further preferred embodiment, the anti-icing coating has a minimum thickness of ≥ 5 nm, in particular ≥ 10 nm, in particular ≥ 20 nm, in particular ≥ 25 nm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the water contact angle, that is, the advancing and retreating contact angle of water on the anti-icing coating at in each case> 80 °, both angles are preferably> 100 °.

In the context of the present invention, the water contact angle and the surface energy are preferably determined according to a) Müller, M. & Oehr, C., Comments on 'An Essay to Contact Angle Measurements' by Strobel and Lyons. Plasma Processes and Polymers 8, 19-24 (2011) , b) Gao, L. & McCarthy, TJ How Wenzel and Cassie Were Wrong. Langmuir 23, 3762-3765 (2007) , c) Blake, TD The physics of moving wetting lines. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 299, 1-13 (2006) or d) Morra, M., Occhiello, E. & Garbassi, F. Knowledge about polymer surfaces from contact angle measurements. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 32, 79-116 (1990) ,

The XPS analysis is preferably carried out according to Surface Analysis by Auger and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Edited by David Briggs and John T. Grant, ISBN 1-901019-04-7, Published in association with IM Publications ,

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the anti-icing coating has a surface energy of <30 mJ / m, in particular ≦ 30 mJ / m, in particular ≦ 21 mJ / m, in particular <21 mJ / m.

In a further preferred embodiment, the dot or line pattern has a periodicity P of 20 μm, 40 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm or 180 μm.

Periodicity is the distance between the points or lines.

In a further preferred embodiment, the winter sports equipment has a structure height of the line pattern of 20 μm, 40 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm or 180 μm.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the dots of the dot pattern is 20 μm, 40 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm or 180 μm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the elastic conduit element is characterized in that the coating applied either directly on the surface or by means of a carrier has been applied to the surface of the equipment or the carrier by means of a low-pressure plasma process. Such methods are known and for example from Haupt et al. in plasma process. Polym., (2008), 5, 33-43 , and Vacuum in Research and Practice, 17 (2005), No. 6, 329-335 , described. Such methods are also used in the WO 2007/012472 A1 and the DE 10 2005 034 764 A1 described.

According to the invention, it is provided in a preferred embodiment that the elastic conduit element to be coated or the carrier to be coated in a gas atmosphere with low pressure, for example at a pressure of <1 mbar, and process gases, such as Ar, N ₂ or O ₂ , and corresponding polymer starting material, for example monomer gases such as trifluoromethane CHF ₃ , tetrafluoromethane CF ₄ , mixtures of CF ₄ and H ₂ , hexafluoropropane C ₃ F ₆ or octafluorocyclobutane C ₄ F _{8 are used} for coating. By igniting a high-frequency plasma, for example at 13.56 MHz, between two electrodes, the gas molecules are ionized, fragmented and activated to form a plasma. In the plasma phase or on the surface to be coated, chemical reactions now take place which lead to a covalent binding of the plasma polymer products to the surface to be coated.

In a preferred embodiment, the coating of the elastic conductive member having anti-adhesive property may be made by a low-pressure plasma process, generating a plasma by means of a high-frequency discharge between at least two reactive gas electrodes containing cyclic fluorocarbon compounds, and applying polymeric fluorocarbon films to the elastic conductive member become. Preferably and in a preferred embodiment, cyclic fluorocarbon compounds are used in the form of perfluorocycloalkanes C _n F _2n where n = 3, 4 or 5, for example perfluorocyclopropane C ₃ F ₆ or perfluorocyclobutane C ₄ F ₈ or perfluorocyclopentane C ₅ F ₁₀ .

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is further provided that the surface structuring, in particular topographic surface structuring, in particular the dot or line pattern, by a patterning process, for example by embossing the carrier, for. B. foil stamping, in particular applied before coating. The finished embossed film is then coated. According to the invention it is also possible, the carrier, for. As a non-embossed film to coat partially and so to structure, for example, the carrier, for. As the film to pattern and coat by using masks during a coating.

In a preferred embodiment, it is therefore provided to apply the dot or line pattern according to the invention by means of foil embossing.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided to apply the dot or line pattern to unembossed carriers, in particular films, by using masks during coating, so that at the same time structuring and coating take place.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the conduit element is cold-resistant, in particular to -20 ° C, in particular to -40 ° C, preferably to -60 ° C, is.

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the line element has a good thermal conductivity, for example from 0.1 to 0.3, in particular 0.2 W / (m · K).

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the coolant may be water, an alcohol-water solution, sols, a salt-water solution, a water-glycol mixture, aqueous solutions of freezing point-lowering substances, in particular glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethanol or mixtures thereof or another commercially available coolant, in particular one of in DIN 8960 be defined R-coolant. The coolant can also be a Thermal oil, synthetic oil, biological oil, silicone oil, mineral oil or organic ester.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the heat exchanger is connected in a liquid-tight manner to at least one inlet and one outlet system for the coolant. In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that at least one pump, for example a conveying, circulating or flow pump, is arranged in the supply and / or discharge system. This pump can be used in an advantageous and preferred embodiment to pressurize the coolant present in the heat exchanger and passed through, so as to achieve the elastic deformation of the heat exchanger.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that at least one valve and at least one throttle or both are arranged in the supply and / or drainage system. By actuating the valve, the throttle or both can be achieved that the pressure of the present in the heat exchanger and passed coolant is changed, so that thereby a deformability of the elastic power element is effected.

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the ice storage according to the invention comprises a container and a heat exchanger arranged in the container in the form of an elastic conduit element, wherein additionally at least one pump and at least one valve or a throttle are present.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the ice storage according to the invention comprises a container and a designed as an elastic line element, arranged in the container heat exchanger, at least one pump, at least one valve or throttle and at least one inlet and at least one drain system, said Supply system, the heat exchanger and the drainage system are fluid-tight and connected in fluid contact, for example, integrally or multiply executed with fluid-tight connectors, and wherein the pump and the valve are arranged so that in the heat exchanger, a part of the heat exchanger or the entire heat exchanger, reversible, the pressure of a coolant can be increased.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the inlet system, the drainage system, the at least one pump, the at least one valve or the at least one throttle or some or all of said components is or are arranged wholly or partially outside the container.

According to the invention it is preferably provided that all components of the ice storage are located with recording of the line element outside of the container, so that in this way the entire system is easy to maintain.

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that in the container ice storage an ice cutting device, for example, a sharp-edged grid is provided, in particular in spatial proximity to the conduit element. The use of this component has the advantage that the ice ejected by the pressure increase provided according to the invention is pressed against this grid and can thus be comminuted further.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the elastic conduit element is arranged in at least two levels in the container. In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the individual levels can be reversibly separated from one another, for example by using valves at the inlet and outlet of the planes.

According to a further preferred embodiment it can be provided that at least one flowmeter is attached to at least one inlet and / or outlet in order to be able to detect leaks within the container, preferably within a single level, via a display of a difference formation and, if appropriate, the relevant level switch off according to demand.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the at least two levels can be switched on or off separately from one another, that is, with coolant flowing through. In this way, different cooling capacities can be set in different levels.

According to the invention, it is also preferable to use switched-off frozen planes parallel to the freezing process for thawing the container.

According to the invention, it is also preferable to regulate the pressure in the line element or the pressure in individual line element levels of the container over predefined time intervals and / or by means of a thermocouple rake which determines the ice thickness. A thermocouple rake detects the ice thickness by means of the measured temperature, which is always 0 ° C in the ice, as long as the container contents are not completely frozen. According to the invention, it is preferable to apply a single thermocouple at a critical ice thickness and trigger the blast when this ice thickness is reached.

The invention also relates to an ice storage of the aforementioned type, which is coupled to at least one heat pump or constitutes part of a heat pump.

The present ice storage may thus be part of a heat circulation system, for example, coupled to a heat pump or part thereof, wherein the heat circulation system may be a heating or cooling system, for example, a heat pump heating system. In a preferred embodiment, the ice storage may be coupled with other ice storage and / or heat storage.

The invention also provides methods of ice making wherein an ice storage of the present invention is used as part of a thermal cycle system. The invention also provides methods for cooling the environment, in particular for air conditioning of rooms or buildings, and for cooling of articles, for example foods, medicines, cargo or other objects to be cooled, with an ice storage, in particular as part of a heat circulation system, for example a heat pump is used.

In particular, the present invention relates to a method for ice production and / or cooling of the environment or objects with a heat pump, wherein an ice storage of the aforementioned type is used, namely an ice storage, in which an elastic conduit member, in particular a tubular conduit member, as a heat exchanger is used, characterized in that used in a conventional manner by evaporation of a coolant in the conduit element cold used for ice formation in the ice storage and on the surface of the conduit element forming ice after reaching a, preferably defined, minimum thickness by increasing the pressure of the refrigerant in the conduit element and caused deformation, in particular magnification, of the elastic conduit member is blasted off. According to the invention, the detachment of the undesirably thick ice batch from the line element is achieved by pump- or / and valve-controlled pressure build-up of the coolant in the elastic line element. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pressure buildup of the coolant is effected by using at least one, preferably in the feed system, existing pump against the flow resistance of a, preferably in the drainage system, existing throttle and / or a valve. The ice thus produced can be used to cool objects and / or rooms, for example, by cooling passed heated coolant.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following example and the associated figure.

The figures show:

1 a schematic representation of the ice storage according to the invention and

2 a schematic representation of an ice storage according to the invention and the detached ice particles.

example

1 shows an ice storage 100 comprising a container 50 and one in the container 50 arranged heat exchanger 40 , The heat exchanger 40 is designed as an elastic conduit element, namely as a tubular member made of silicone rubber. The elastic conduit element 40 is in fluid contact with a feed system 20 for the coolant not shown here and a drainage system 30 , By using a pump, not shown here and recognizable in the detailed drawing valve 1 settles in the heat exchanger 40 realize an increase in pressure, like 2 shows the deformation of the surface 3 , in particular for reversible enlargement, of the surface 3 of the conduit element 40 leads, which is a blasting off of ice particles 4 caused.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19839867 A1 [0005]
• WO 2007/012472 A1 [0051]
• DE 102005034764 A1 [0051]

Cited non-patent literature

• Müller, M. & Oehr, C., Comments on 'An Essay to Contact Angle Measurements' by Strobel and Lyons. Plasma Processes and Polymers 8, 19-24 (2011) [0044]
• Gao, L. & McCarthy, TJ How Wenzel and Cassie Were Wrong. Langmuir 23, 3762-3765 (2007) [0044]
• Blake, TD The physics of moving wetting lines. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 299, 1-13 (2006) [0044]
• Morra, M., Occhiello, E. & Garbassi, F. Knowledge about polymer surfaces from contact angle measurements. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 32, 79-116 (1990) [0044]
• Surface Analysis by Auger and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Edited by David Briggs and John T. Grant, ISBN 1-901019-04-7, Published in association with IM Publications [0045]
• Haupt et al. in plasma process. Polym., (2008), 5, 33-43 [0051]
• Vacuum in Research and Practice, 17 (2005), No. 6, 329-335 [0051]
• DIN 8960 [0059]

Claims (16)

Ice storage, comprising a container and a heat exchanger arranged in the container, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 40 ) is an elastic conduit element. The ice storage device of claim 1, wherein the conduit member is silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, methyl-vinyl-silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber. Rubber, tetrafluoroethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, butyl rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, fluorine rubber, perfluoro rubber, polyester urethane, polyether urethane, chlorosulphonyl polyethylene rubber, polysulfide rubber or Epichlorohydrin rubber is constructed. An ice storage as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic conduit member has an outer surface with a coating having anti-ice adhesion property. The ice storage of claim 3, wherein the anti-ice adhesion coating has a thickness of 10 to 200 nm, and a) 15 to 75 atom% of fluorine and b) contains 25 to 85 atomic% of other components (each according to XPS analysis). The ice storage of claim 3 wherein the anti-icing property coating comprises polymeric fluorocarbon layers. Ice storage according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein said coating has a structuring, in particular in the form of a dot or line pattern. Ice storage according to one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the coating has an ice adhesion of <200 kPa. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 7, wherein the coating is applied directly on a surface of the elastic conduit member. Ice storage according to one of claims 3 or 7, wherein the coating is applied by means of a carrier on a surface of the elastic conduit member. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchanger is liquid-tight, each with at least one inlet and one outlet system ( 20 . 30 ) connected is. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the supply and / or discharge system ( 20 . 30 ) at least one pump is arranged. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the supply and / or discharge system ( 20 . 30 ) At least one valve is arranged. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed system ( 20 ), the drainage system ( 30 ), the at least one pump and / or the at least one valve outside the container ( 50 ) is arranged. Ice storage according to one of the preceding claims, wherein this component is a heat pump. Method for producing ice, wherein an ice storage coupled with a heat pump according to claim 14 is used. Method for cooling the environment and / or objects, wherein an ice storage coupled with a heat pump according to claim 14 is used.

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