DE102012207481B4 - planning unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Planning unit (2), in particular for a tooth replacement, wherein the planning unit (2) comprises a superstructure (22), an abutment (24) and an implant (26) for optimal adaptation of the planning unit (2) to anatomical boundary conditions of a patient, wherein a first database (64) comprises a supra-construction (61), an abutment (62) and an implant dataset (63), wherein the superstructure (22) is constructed by assigning anatomical constraints (60 ') to the supra-construction dataset ( 61), wherein the abutment (24) is modelable by assigning anatomical constraints (60 ') to the abutment dataset (62), and wherein the implant (26) is assignable by assigning anatomical constraints (60') to the implant dataset (62) is modelable.

Description

The present invention relates to a planning unit, in particular for a dental prosthesis, according to claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a dental prosthesis according to claim 11.

When one or more teeth have been lost, the dentures allow restoration of chewing function, aesthetics and language formation. In many situations, bony integrated dental implants are now considered the best possible form of tooth replacement. Via an abutment, the implant passes through the mucosa and anchors the prosthetic superstructure. This in turn can be made tight or removable. In the choice of the removable solution dominate the lighter hygiene ability and better aesthetics. As an advantage of the fixed supply is the comfort to see. Most patients have the desire for a dental prosthesis reconstruction, which must not be taken out of the mouth. An important disadvantage of these fixed restorations is the presence of so-called dirt niches, which often entangle food particles and which can be poorly cleaned. Halitosis (fetus), local inflammation (peri-implantitis) and bone loss around the implant place stress on the patient and reduce the lifetime of implant-borne reconstructions. This problem is caused firstly by the lack of profile design of the abutments at the point of passage through the soft tissue (emergence profile), secondly by the lack of soft tissue management intraoperatively and perioperatively by excessive trauma and thirdly by the implant position which is not always optimal for the soft tissue.

The US 2007/0154868 A1 discloses a method for making a denture. Here, a set of boundary conditions is defined, which must be complied with for the dentures.

The WO 2006/079188 A1 discloses methods enabling the use of selective laser powder method for the manufacture of dental scaffolds.

The US 2009/0111071 A1 discloses a method of designing a digital dental implant abutment. In particular, the invention aims to improve the appearance of the implant.

The DE 10 2007 053 072 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for processing data relating to dental prostheses. The invention further relates to a computer-readable medium having computer-executable program code instructions for carrying out such method and to a computer program having program code means for performing such a method when the program is executed on a computer.

The DE 103 00 301 B4 discloses a method of automatically creating a dental suprastructure for connection to an implant from a digital model description of the mold.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a planning unit, in particular for a dental prosthesis, as well as a denture, wherein the planning unit allows optimal design and positioning of a dental prosthesis with respect to the anatomical boundary conditions and wherein the dental prosthesis is optimally adapted to the surrounding tissue ,

This object is achieved by a planning unit, in particular for a dental prosthesis, according to claim 1 and by a dental prosthesis with the features of claim 11. Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims and the description and the accompanying figures.

• – Erzeugen von Ausgangsdaten, welche die anatomischen Randbedingungen des Patienten erfassen;
• – Bereitstellen einer ersten Datenbank, welche einen Suprakonstruktions-, einen Abutment- und einen Implantat-Datensatz umfasst;
• – Erzeugen aufbereiteter Ausgangsdaten, welcher mit der ersten Datenbank derart kompatibel sind, dass eine gemeinsame Verrechnung und Visualisierung der aufbereiteten Ausgangsdaten mit den Datensätzen der ersten Datenbank durchführbar ist;
• – Erzeugen von anatomischen Zwangsbedingungen aus den aufbereiteten Ausgangsdaten und den Datensätzen der ersten Datenbank;
• – Modellierung der Suprakonstruktion durch Zuordnen der anatomischen Zwangsbedingungen zum Suprakonstruktions-Datensatz;
• – Modellierung des Abutments durch Zuordnen der anatomischen Zwangsbedingungen zum Abutment-Datensatz;
• – Modellierung des Implantats durch Zuordnen der anatomischen Zwangsbedingungen zum Implantat-Datensatz.

According to the invention, a planning unit, in particular for a dental prosthesis, comprises a superstructure, an abutment and an implant for optimal adaptation of the planning unit to anatomical boundary conditions of a patient. Advantageously, the planning unit is part of a method comprising the steps of:

• Generating output data which capture the anatomical boundary conditions of the patient;
• Providing a first database comprising a supra-construct, an abutment and an implant dataset;
• - Generating conditioned output data which are compatible with the first database so that a common billing and visualization of the processed output data with the data records of the first database is feasible;
• - generating anatomical constraints from the edited baseline data and the records of the first database;
• - modeling the superstructure by assigning the anatomical constraints to the superstructure dataset;
• - Modeling of the abutment by assigning the anatomical constraints to the abutment record;
• - Modeling of the implant by assigning the anatomical constraints to the implant dataset.

The procedure described here for the development of a planning unit takes into account not only the dental and bony situation but also the intraoral and extraoral soft tissue during the planning phase. In other words, the planning unit serves to map the future dentures. This is done in such a way that the future dental prosthesis can ultimately be produced from the planning unit or from the data stored behind the planning unit. By taking into account a variety of anatomical constraints that must be met for soft tissue management, individual and optimized abutment and Suprakonstruktionsformen arise that give the planned implant position clear guidelines. The formation of a virtual adaptable and deformable planning unit, consisting of prosthetic superstructure, abutment and implant, after the fitting of the prosthetics, the modification of the abutment and only then the choice of the appropriate implant position. This opens the possibilities to generate improved and individualized abutments. Improvement of the phonetics, reduction of the content of food residues, reduction of the perimplant inflammatory reaction and the preservation or increase of the gingival volume are clinical targets, which can be improved by this procedure. By shifting the dental design and production steps into the planning phase, all elements necessary for implantation and prosthetic restoration can be individually produced in advance. Parts such as surgical guides, healing caps, abutments, temporaries and definitive restoration are thus already available during implantation. This, in turn, has the advantage that, for example, after the implant insertion, the individual healing caps suitable for the following prosthetic reconstruction can be used and the soft tissue with the correct shaping can heal without any major scarring. The first healing phase of the soft tissue remains thereby the only one and goes along without further additional Traumatisierungen. As a result, more predictable and sustainable more tissue can be generated and maintained, taking into account the soft tissue type. By creating a seamless abutment profile of the abutment and the implant-supported prosthetic restoration, the generation and preservation of the maximum volume and the maximum height of the gingiva are achieved. Dirt pockets can be avoided and oral hygiene, comfort and quality of life can be increased, which in turn reduces the peri-implant complications. By thus targeted restoration of natural anatomical conditions, also the aesthetic appearance of the tooth reconstruction and the appearance of the patient is significantly improved. Other automation processes can be designed and integrated using standard prosthetic, implantological and anatomical databases and relationship algorithms. These may also include treatment concepts that can create new treatment standards. The planning unit can also be used for further simulations such as phonetics, facial expressions, chewing and / or FEM analyzes. The individual production processes can be time and cost optimized. The output data are preferably generated with the aid of computer-aided methods, in particular with computer-aided imaging methods. On the basis of radiological 3D images, for example, bone surfaces can be displayed. The detection of soft tissue surfaces can preferably be done indirectly via impressions of the areas concerned and subsequent scanning or further preferably with intraoral scanners. Furthermore, it is preferably possible to detect the soft tissue surface on the basis of MRI (magnetic resonance tomography) images. It is understood that said methods are not reduced to the representation of soft tissues or soft tissue surfaces. Solid structures such as bones and / or teeth are also imageable with the preferred imaging technique. Particularly preferred for the production of the output data, which detect the anatomical boundary conditions of the patient, methods are used that do not expose the patient to an additional burden or even harm. It is therefore preferred if, for example, dispenses with ionizing radiation or this is administered only in very small doses. It is understood that similar z. B. also applies to the administration of contrast agents. Further preferred are method steps in which data, for. B. image recordings, previous investigations can be used. The provision of the first database preferably takes place via a computer, preferably via a commercially available PC. The data records can be provided individually as files or embedded in a software that is configured to execute the method for developing the planning unit. Alternatively preferably, the first database can also be made available on an external data carrier, for example a USB stick and / or a CD. Preferably, the records of the first database contain parameters which include, for example, the shape of the superstructure, the abutment and / or the implant. Other important parameters may be, for example, material, size, color and the like. In other words, the data records of the first database thus reflect all the properties of the planning unit, consisting of the superstructure, the abutment and the implant. The structure of the data records is designed in such a way that the contents of the data records, namely the superstructure data record and / or the data record Abutment record and / or the implant record can be updated at any time, if new values derived derived for example from the anatomical boundary conditions. It is furthermore of great advantage if the output data are processed in such a way that they are compatible with the first database or the data sets contained therein (or vice versa), so that a common billing and visualization of the prepared output data with the data records of the first database is possible. Preferably, therefore, the data or file formats of the processed output data and the data sets are compatible so that they can be visualized and / or offset in a common program. Preferably, anatomical constraints are generated from the processed baseline data and the records of the first database. For example, an anatomical constraint could be the gullet width, that is, the gap between two teeth into which a denture is to be inserted. Preferably, the tooth gap width can be read, for example, from the processed output data. This can preferably be done manually or visually by a user, more preferably also computer-assisted, wherein the computer calculates the tooth gap width. Other anatomical constraints include, for example, the tooth shapes of the adjacent teeth, the arch form, dental crown shapes, the smile line, the color of the teeth, the gingiva course, the gingiva itself, etc. It may also be advantageous to use the original data and anatomical constraints use, for example, adjacent teeth or general anatomical constraints to manipulate z. B. to create space for a wish crown. If necessary, not only the planning unit is adapted and developed, but also the anatomy of the patient. Preferably, anatomical constraints are also generated from the records of the first database. This means, for example, that the specification of, for example, a superstructure or an implant can be an anatomical constraint for the placement, shaping and design of the abutment. Therefore, the modeling of the superstructure, the abutment and the implant preferably takes place by assigning the anatomical constraints to the respective data set. Preferably, the anatomical constraints are designed such that a subsequent individual contouring of the planning unit is still possible. Preferably, the anatomical constraints can also be weighted according to different criteria and displayed interactively to the user of the method via different colors or beeps, so that a user has the opportunity to shape the planning unit individually, possibly also deviating from the predetermined anatomical constraints. Of great advantage is that an implantologist has the opportunity to use existing tools by the inventive method in an ideal way. Thus, digital volume tomography can be used to represent the three-dimensional bone course and to place the implants virtually in the best possible position with regard to the bony anchorage. With the introduction of drill guides containing a radiopaque prosthetic tooth set up, the necessary information about the position of the planned prosthetic restoration can be projected into the digital volume tomography data sets and clinically translated. Unlike the known from the prior art planning options, which rely only on dental, abutment and implant databases, the inventive method allows the complete virtual planning. In addition to the use of databases, the method also allows the consideration of the overall anatomical situation, recorded, processable and expressed in the anatomical constraints. Furthermore, digital surface scanners can be used, which offer the possibility to digitize further production steps for the production of the implant-supported prosthetics and to produce them with the help of the CAD / CAM milling technique. In addition to the actual superstructures, abutments can also be produced with this technology without the need for a physical impression of the situation after implantation.

• – Erfassen von ersten Daten, welche die knöcherne und/oder weichgewebliche intra- und/oder extraorale Situation erfassen, insbesondere durch radiologische 3D-Bildgebung und/oder MRT-Verfahren;
• – Erfassen von zweiten Daten, welche die intra- und/oder extraoralen Oberflächenstrukturen umfassen, insbesondere durch Scan-Verfahren;
• – Erzeugung aufbereiteter Ausgangsdaten aus den ersten und zweiten Daten.

Preferably, the method additionally comprises the following steps:

• Detecting first data which capture the bony and / or soft-tissue intra- and / or extra-oral situation, in particular by means of radiological 3D imaging and / or MRT methods;
• Acquiring second data comprising the intraoral and / or extraoral surface structures, in particular by scanning methods;
• - Generation of conditioned output data from the first and second data.

Preferably, imaging methods are used with which surface structures can be retained on one side, and volumetric structures on the other side. Preferably, the first and second data are detected such that a pixel-by-pixel assignment to each other is possible. This can ensure that different images are easily billable. For example, reference points can also be created, via which differently generated images can be merged or superimposed. Advantageously, first and second data generated by different methods can thus also be combined with one another. Further preferred are first and second data such calculates that certain areas of the image which are not of interest for an examination are completely hidden.

Further preferably, by fusing the first and second data, the surface thickness of a gingiva and its shape and course are expediently detectable in all intraoral areas, thereby accounting for soft tissue and bone surface data. Further preferably, the calculation of the type of gingiva is possible by comparing the bone and mucosal surface.

Advantageously, a second database is provided which comprises anatomical subdatabases, such as, for example, a dental arch database and / or a tooth crown database, wherein the anatomical subdatabases can be assigned to the anatomical constraints. The dental arch database preferably includes a variety of dental arch shapes. Furthermore, the Zahnkronendatenbank contains a variety of Zahnkronendaten. Preferably, the superstructure is adapted as an anatomical unit by a deformation process in size and shape individually to the remaining toothing. By using the tooth crown and dental arch database, additional information for the deformation process can be used here. Subsequent individual contouring remains independent. It is understood that in relation to the data structure and data handling, what has been said with respect to the first database applies. In other words, therefore, the first and second databases and the anatomical constraints and the processed output data are mutually billable and preferably applicable within a program system and / or visualized. In this case, the division into a first and second database represents only one possible data structure. Further preferably, everything can also be combined in one system. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to introduce a large number of smaller databases, which are networked with one another.

Expediently, the second database comprises a supra-construction library, an abutment library and / or an implant library, each library comprising at least one data record which can be assigned to a corresponding data record of the first database. Advantageously, the second database contains all three libraries, that is, a supra-construction library, an abutment library, and an implant library. Also preferably, only one or two of said libraries are present in the second database. It may also be advantageous that the first and second databases are not designed separately, but that the data are all contained together in a database. It is advantageous that a data set can be selected from the libraries and assigned to a corresponding data record of the first database. In other words, a predefined or parameterized superstructure can thus be read into the superstructure dataset. The same could for example be done with the implant and / or the abutment. A dynamic connection of the crown with the implant creates the space of the abutment. Taking into account the crown, soft tissue and bone situation, the ideal individual contour of the abutment is created. By marking points on the gingiva, the superstructure contour is retroactively influenced in addition to the abutment surface. The selection of a desired implant generates the underside of the abutment. Further boundary conditions, which preferably result from the anatomical constraints, further model the abutment profile. Preferably, any implant can be stored and selected in the implant library. The advantage here is that the contact surface of the implant and abutment is automatically generated.

It is furthermore advantageous for at least one of the data records of the first database to be defined by at least one data record of the library. In other words, therefore, a data set of the supra-construction library can be assigned to the superstructure data record and / or a data set of the abutment library can be assigned to the abutment data record and / or a data set of the implant library can be assigned to the implant data record. This can be indirectly influenced on the anatomical constraints, since these, among other things turn out from the records of the first database out. Preferably, the data sets of the libraries can only partially be transferred to the data records of the first database. This can be particularly advantageous if z. B. initial values for the development of the planning unit should be provided. Alternatively, the data sets of the first database and / or of the libraries can be parameterized in such a way that certain values are permanently set, for example can not be changed by a user.

Particularly preferably, the optimal installation position of the planning unit is determined from the anatomical constraints, characterized in that the anatomical constraints include geometric relationships. The anatomical constraints preferably result, for example, from the morphology of the teeth, which can be done on the basis of the residual dentition and / or on the basis of existing tooth databases. The extraoral soft tissue simulation at this point allows the consideration of aesthetic and functional factors, such as smile line and phonetics. Other factors such as the gullet width and the gingival course are also preferably included in the anatomical constraints and help in the design of the superstructure. Another advantage is the detection of the soft tissue situation in the planned coverage area. This acquisition in turn generates anatomical constraints that determine the design and extent of the abutment. The intraoral soft tissue simulation allows the abutment to be designed in such a way that the pushing of the interdental papilla can be taken into account. On the basis of these anatomical constraints, it is subsequently possible to represent the ideal implant position in a variable area with a certain action radius. For example, this area may be displayed in color (green: optimal, red: unfavorable) or bounded by haptic information (blocking of the shift in the unfavorable area). Further anatomical constraints are, for example, the bony course and / or the bone quality. Other influencing factors in terms of intraoral total reconstruction may be various FEM analyzes that determine appropriate prosthetic support.

Preferably, the superstructure dataset, the abutment dataset and / or the implant dataset are connected to one another in such a way that the planning unit represents a deformable, coherent element, the construction of which is at least partially made of three-dimensional surface gratings, which can be assigned the anatomical constraints at arbitrary locations are. Preferably, the surface grid is designed such that it can be deformed, for example by a user, preferably at its nodes, with, for example, a mouse. Preferably, a visual adaptation to the visualized anatomical constraints is thus feasible. Preferably, the planning unit is designed in such a way that, for example, collisions which result from the anatomical constraints, for example from too small a tooth gap width, are represented graphically or visually by different colors. For example, in collisions, the corresponding areas of the surface grid are preferably colored red. Further preferably, the superstructure, the abutment and / or the implant, which was generated from a database, are also provided with the surface grid. Furthermore, the planning unit preferably also consists of only two contiguous elements (superstructure and / or abutment and / or implant) and their associated data records, or else only one element. Alternatively, certain areas are just not deformable or made variable. It may also be preferable to the planning unit other elements, such. B. other planning units, drilling templates, adjacent teeth and the like. This is advantageous, among other things, when several teeth, under certain circumstances also directly next to one another, have to be implanted. In other words, several planning units can thus be planned at the same time and their effects on one another or their influence on the anatomical boundary conditions, for example with regard to geometry and / or jaw strength, taken into account.

Advantageously, the method can be automated on the basis of prosthetic, implantological and / or anatomical standard databases and / or relationship algorithms, in that the model unit of the planning unit is based on at least one standard database and / or at least one relationship algorithm. Preferably, the default database is designed to include at least one supra-construction library and / or one abutment library and / or one implant library. The automation capability is such that suitable software assigns parameters from the libraries according to the anatomical constraints to the data records of the first database, in other words, the supra-constructive dataset, the abutment dataset, and the implant dataset. The relationship algorithms are preferably designed in such a way that, for example, a preselection can take place, whereby a particular abutment is assigned to a specific implant, in other words, it is related. Preferably, boundary conditions are defined which serve as target variables for the automated method. Such boundary conditions could z. B. the color of the superstructure, which must fit the adjacent teeth, the shape of the superstructure, which should fill a tooth gap as completely as possible, the thickness of the jaw bone, which in turn can specify a particular implant position, etc.

Advantageously, the planning unit is manufactured using the datasets of the database. The modeled elements of the planning unit are preferably produced before or further preferably also during the surgical procedure via CAM methods. In addition to the drilling template, the temporary restoration, the definitive restoration, the healing abutments and the definitive abutment can be produced. For further adjustment or to increase the precision, the further production steps can preferably also be carried out by re-scanning the interoral situation following the placement of the implants. The transfer of the planning in the operation site can be done here with drilling templates, navigation and / or robotics.

According to the invention, a dental prosthesis comprises a superstructure, an abutment and an implant, wherein the abutment and the implant are designed such that the abutment abuts on a gingiva surrounding the abutment without transition, and wherein the abutment and the superstructure are designed such that a maximum volume the gingiva is reachable. Preferably, the sub-equatorial shape is designed so that the S-shaped course of the abutment is not too horizontal. The most important anatomical boundary condition for the interpretation of the extent to which the "too horizontal" must be interpreted is based on the gingiva. If the course is too horizontal, there would be a gap between abutment and gingiva, which would be difficult to clean and in which dirt could accumulate. However, if the course is too steep, the gingiva is squeezed and consequently the gigivar volume is reduced as well. The Abumtment is thus preferably designed so seamlessly that the gingiva surrounding the abutment exerts an approximately equal pressure on the dentures, as before on an originally ingrown tooth. The same applies in a corresponding manner to the shape of the superstructure, to which the gingiva also rests, at least in some areas. Decisive is thus the area in which the abutment and / or the superstructure are surrounded by the soft tissue (emergence profile).

Advantageously, the dentures allows the targeted restoration of natural anatomical conditions, characterized in that the shape of the crushing of a papilla between the dentures and at least one adjacent tooth can be minimized and the height of the papilla, starting from the bone of a jaw, between the dentures and at least one adjacent tooth can be maximized , Starting from a longitudinal axis of the dental prosthesis, which results from its typical shape, and which preferably extends centrally through it, preferably results in a minimal radial expansion of the superstructure and the abutment. Thus, it is initially possible to create a maximum for the papilla space. However, the minimum radial expansion is only carried out as far as the contact of the abutment and / or the superstructure with the surrounding gingiva is given. Of course, parameters such as the tooth gap size also play a role. In other words, the shapes are thus adapted so that no gaps or niches occur in which dirt or the like could accumulate. Furthermore, the transition of the implant to the abutment or from the abutment to the superstructure is also designed to be seamless. It is understood in this context that the maximum height of the papilla is oriented at its original height. The shape and height of the papilla is different for each patient. The aim is to restore the original anatomical conditions in the best possible way.

It is understood that all further features and advantages of the method according to the invention for developing a planning unit, in particular for a dental prosthesis, can likewise be used in the dental prosthesis according to the invention.

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of preferred method variants of the method according to the invention for developing a planning unit with reference to the accompanying figures. Individual features of the individual process variants can be combined with each other within the scope of the invention.

Show it:

1 : an overview of elements of a preferred variant of the method for developing a planning unit and their possible relationships with one another;

2 a selection of steps of a preferred method variant for developing a planning unit from the generation of initial data of a patient to the production of various elements;

3 a preferred method variant for developing a planning unit;

4 a preferred variant of the method for producing an ideal contour of an abutment;

5a a schematic side view of a planning unit, arranged in a pine;

5b a schematic transverse view of a planning unit arranged in a pine tree;

6a : a schematic diagram of a planning unit;

6b : an arrangement / positioning of a gingiva in relation to a jaw.

1 shows an overview of elements of a preferred method variant for the development of a planning unit 2 and their possible relationships with each other. It is understood that the shapes shown are to be understood schematically. So shows 1 output data 6 which first data 6 ' and second data 6 '' include. From the output data 6 become processed output data 60 generated, which in turn in anatomical constraints 60 ' be transferred. Next shows 1 preferred embodiments of a first database 64 and a second database 66 , The first database 64 contains a superstructure dataset 61 , an abutment record 62 and an implant record 63 , The course of the arrows illustrates that even from these three records 61 ; 62 ; 63 the anatomical constraints 60 ' be generated. The second database 66 contains, among other things, a superstructure library 76 , an abutment library 77 and an implant library 78 , The arrows starting from the libraries 76 ; 77 ; 78 in the direction of the records 61 ; 62 ; 63 clarify that in the libraries 76 ; 77 ; 78 contained records the corresponding records 61 ; 62 ; 63 can be assigned. The second database 66 additionally contains an anatomical subdatabase 70 , such as B. a dental arch database 72 and a tooth crown database 74 , These are, as the arrows make clear, also the anatomical constraints 60 ' assignable. Furthermore, the second database contains 66 a standard database 90 and relationship algorithms 92 which are used in preferred embodiments for the automation process of the method. From the records 61 ; 62 ; 63 the first database 64 results in the shape and location of the planning unit 2 , consisting of the superstructure 22 , the abutment 24 and the implant 26 ,

2 shows a selection of steps of a preferred variant of the method for developing a planning unit 2 from the data acquisition in step S20 to the production of the planning unit in step S26. Data acquisition S20 is at the beginning of the planning for implant-supported prosthetic restoration. For this purpose, a large number of options are available, which are summarized in step S21. Radiologically, the bony and sometimes also the soft-tissue intra- and extra-oral situation can be recorded via three-dimensional imaging. Scanning methods allow the direct data acquisition extraorally of faces (mimic analysis) and interoral of the dental situation. Indirect methods make use of the previous impression, which is subsequently scanned. In preferred embodiments, in particular suitable models are created for this purpose. In step S22, the data import / fusion is performed. In preferred process variants, the possibility of automated fusion of these data exists after data acquisition. Preferred process variants are shown in step S23. Additional surface information, which is generated by various scanning methods, reduces the artifacts intraorally, increases the precision and gives an exact representation of the soft tissue situation. The fusion of the extraoral scans allows not only a better facial surface representation but also the representation of the texture. After performing the data fusion, it is possible to determine the gingival soft tissue type. By subtracting (Boolean operation) the bone surface from the soft tissue surface, the soft tissue thickness can be detected and used for further simulation in the positioning of the prosthetic / implantological unit. The same applies to the extraoral soft-tissue image, which can be used for simulations of the smile line in order to determine the aesthetic crown profile. In step S24 the actual implant planning and simulation takes place. Using the combined overall information and analysis of the individual anatomical structures, the actual planning can be started. This planning is done in several steps, with the virtual implant suprastructure implant construct constructing a deformable contiguous element. A preferred method variant of this planning is listed in step S25. In this context, the term "morphing algorithm" is also introduced. Thus, the planning unit, since it is deformable and changeable, also called morphing element in preferred embodiments. The development of the morphing element and the steps behind it are also called morphing algorithms in preferred embodiments. First, the selection of a superstructure takes place 22 , The determination of the tooth morphology can be made on the basis of the residual toothing and / or on the basis of existing tooth databases. The extraoral soft tissue simulation allows the consideration of aesthetic and functional factors such as smile line and phonetics. In addition, other factors, such as gullet width and gingival course in the design of the superstructure 22 added. In a further step, the soft tissue situation is recorded in the planned supply area. The capture generates constraints that determine the design and extent of an abutment 24 determine. The intraoral soft tissue simulation allows the abutment at this point 24 so that the pushing of the interdental papilla can be considered. Following these planning steps, the ideal implant position can now be displayed in a variable area in a certain action radius. This area can preferably be represented, for example, in color (green: optimal, red: unfavorable) or bounded by factual information (blocking the shift in the unfavorable area). Other influencing factors influencing this area are the bony course and bone quality. Other influencing factors in terms of intraoral total reconstruction may be various FEM analyzes that determine the appropriate prosthetic support. In a complete automation of the preferred method thus become the ideal positions determined individually for each type of prosthetic restoration. The production or production of the planning unit 2 or individual elements of this planning unit 2 takes place in the preferred method variant in step S26 via CAD / CAM methods. The identified individual parts can be manufactured before or during the surgical procedure via CAM procedures. In addition to the surgical template, the temporary restoration, the definitive restoration, the healing abutments and the definitive abutment can be produced. For further adjustment or for increasing the precision, further production steps can also be made only after a renewed scanning of the intraoral situation after setting an implant 26 respectively. The transfer of the planning into the surgical site can be done with surgical guides, navigation or robotics.

3 shows a preferred variant of the method for developing a planning unit 2 , The key point is the planning steps of a superstructure 22 in step S30 of an abutment 24 in step S33 and an implant 26 in step S36. The step S39 (abutment design) clarifies that the shape, shape and position of the abutment 24 the superstructure 22 can influence. Basically, the three subelements depend on superstructure 22 , Abutment 24 and implant 26 in the 2 presented morphing element together and represent a virtual unit. The purpose and purpose of this planning element is the universal use in prosthetic and implantological design. The element can be adapted by deformation and, for example, automatic morphing to any individual anatomical situation. Taking into account the above-mentioned anatomical constraints 60 ' Thus, the necessary reconstruction is generated for each intraoral tooth position. Supra-construction, abutment and implant positions are automatically proposed and can be exported for further production. For example, as illustrated in step S31, the tooth space size, the tooth shape and the gingiva profile are taken into account for the planning of the superstructure 22 , The prosthetic superstructure is preferred 22 from a database, for example from a second database, and / or generated via the morphing algorithm, cf. S32. Preference will be given to the planning of the abutment 24 the different soft tissue conditions are determined and applied to the morphing algorithm, cf. S35. As illustrated in S34, the supra-construction position, the gingival course, the gingival type and / or the optic disc position are also taken into account. The constructed forms of the superstructure 22 and the abutment 24 suggest an area for a suitable implant position (S38). A simultaneous determination of the bone supply can be used to select the suitable implant type and to position it automatically, cf. Consideration of bone supply in step S37. Preferably, the structure of a morphing element consists of three-dimensional surface gratings, which can be assigned constraints at certain points. An extension of this morphing unit can also be other prosthetic superstructures 22 such as, for example, bridges, bar prostheses, and the like.

4 shows a preferred variant of the method for generating an ideal contour of an abutment 24 , In a first step, a superstructure is preferred 22 as an anatomical unit by a deformation process in size and shape individually adapted to the remaining toothing, cf. S40. By using a tooth crown (S41) and / or dental arch database (S42), additional information can be included in the deformation process. Subsequent individual contouring remains independent of this. Preferably, a desired implant is already selected in this situation (S43). Through a dynamic connection of the superstructure 22 With the desired implant (S44), the installation space for the abutment is created 24 (S45). Together with the consideration of the supraconstruction, soft tissue and bone situation (S42), the ideal individual contour of the abutment becomes 24 generated. By marking points of the gingiva (S47), the superstructure contour (S49) is retroactively influenced in addition to the abutment surface (S48). The selection of the desired implant in turn influences the underside of the abutment 24 (S46). It is understood that even more not in 4 illustrated anatomical constraints 60 ' Influence on the modeling of the abutment profile and the superstructure profile. The aim of the procedure is to create the ideal contour of the abutment 24 , see. S50.

5a shows a schematic side view of a planning unit 2 , arranged in a pine tree 42 between two neighboring teeth 2 ' , Shown is a superstructure 22 which are ideally matched between the two adjacent teeth 2 ' located. The superstructure 22 is about an abutment 24 with an implant 26 connected. The implant 26 turn is in the jaw 42 arranged. The arrangement of the implant 26 in the jaw 42 is preferably non-positively and / or positively, more preferably via a thread. Particularly preferably, a cutting thread is used for easy assembly and a tight fit. Next you can see the gingiva 44 , which are located on the abutment 24 and at the superstructure 22 located. Between the superstructure 22 , the planning unit 2 and the neighboring tooth 2 ' there is a papilla 46 , This is also called interdental papilla. Objective of modeling the planning unit 2 Among other things, it is necessary to achieve a maximum volume of the interdental papilla, possibly also the highest possible interdental papilla. Shown is the course of a preferred form of an adapted papilla 46 ' ,

5b shows a schematic transverse view of a planning unit 2 , arranged in a pine tree 42 between two neighboring teeth 2 ' , The planning unit 2 consists of a superstructure 22 , an abutment 24 and an implant 26 which in the jaw 42 is arranged. The abutment 24 and the superstructure 22 are from the gingiva 24 surround. In the left area in 5b are an adapted superstructure profile 22 ' and an adapted abutment profile 24 ' indicated. In order to achieve an idealization of the abutment design, it is necessary in some situations, the superstructure 22 to give another sub-equatorial form. This is indicated in cases where the S-shape of the abutment 24 would be too horizontal. Furthermore, by adapting the superstructure 22 the Papillenqueeschung are regulated (pushing, not squeezing). 5b clearly shows that through the adapted abutment profile 24 ' as well as the adapted superstructure profile 22 ' towards an original gingival course 44 ' a much gentler gingival course 44 '' is reached.

6a shows a preferred embodiment of a planning unit 2 , represented as a morphing element, which consists of a superstructure 22 , an abutment 24 and an implant 26 consists. The superstructure 22 has a surface grid, which is deformed manually or automatically, for example, via a software in a simple manner and thus to the given boundary conditions, in particular to the anatomical constraints 60 ' is customizable. In other preferred embodiments, the extension of this morphing element is also applicable to other prosthetic superstructures 22 such as bridges, bar prostheses and the like also possible. It may also be preferred, the abutment 24 or implant 26 to be provided with a surface grid.

6b shows a gingival course 44 '' and their positioning compared to a jaw 42 , Such visualizations are preferred from the processed output data 60 or in combination with the anatomical constraints 60 ' generated. In the in 6b The situation shown may be the gingival course 44 '' the superstructure 22 especially at the bottom influence. The jaw 42 or its structure or the strength of this structure, which can be detected for example via FEM calculations, the choice or the appearance of the implant 26 influence. This creates a multitude of boundary conditions that determine the design of the abutment 24 influence.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

planning unit

2 '

neighboring tooth

22

superstructure

22 '

Adapted superstructure profile

24

abutment

24 '

Adapted abutment profile

26

implant

42

jaw

44

gingiva

44 '

Original gingival course

44 ''

gingival

46

papilla

46 '

Adapted papilla

6

output data

6 '

first data

6 ''

second data

60

prepared output data

60 '

anatomical constraints

61

Supra construction record

62

Abutment record

63

Implant record

64

first database

66

second database

70

partial anatomical database

72

Arch database

74

Crown database

76

Supra construction library

77

Abutment Library

78

Implant Library

90

Default database

92

relationship algorithms

S20-S27

steps

S30-S38

steps

S40-S50

steps

Claims (11)

Planning unit ( 2 ), in particular for a denture, wherein the planning unit ( 2 ) a superstructure ( 22 ), an abutment ( 24 ) and an implant ( 26 ), for optimum adaptation of the planning unit ( 2 ) on anatomical boundary conditions of a patient, wherein a first database ( 64 ) a superstructure ( 61 ), an abutment ( 62 ) and an implant dataset ( 63 ), wherein the superstructure ( 22 ) by assigning anatomical constraints ( 60 ' ) to the superstructure dataset ( 61 ) is modelable, wherein the abutment ( 24 ) by assigning anatomical constraints ( 60 ' ) to the abutment record ( 62 ) is modelable, and wherein the implant ( 26 ) by assigning anatomical constraints ( 60 ' ) to the implant record ( 62 ) is modelable. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to claim 1, wherein an abutment and superstructure form give prescriptions for an implant position. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a contact surface of implant ( 26 ) and abutment ( 24 ) is automatically generated. Planning unit ( 20 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a space of the abutment ( 24 ) by a dynamic connection of the superstructure ( 22 ) and the implant ( 26 ) is created. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the dental prosthesis from the planning unit ( 2 ) can be produced. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the superstructure data set ( 61 ), the abutment data percentage ( 62 ) and / or the implant dataset ( 63 ) are interconnected in such a way that the planning unit ( 2 ) represents a deformable, coherent element. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to claim 6, wherein the structure of the planning unit is at least partially made of three-dimensional surface gratings, which at any point the anatomical constraints ( 60 ' ) are assignable. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planning unit ( 2 ) by resorting to at least one standard database ( 90 ) and / or at least one relationship algorithm ( 92 ) is modelable. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planning unit ( 2 ) using the data records ( 61 ; 62 ; 63 ) is manufacturable. Planning unit ( 2 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein from the anatomical constraints ( 60 ' ) an optimal installation position of the planning unit ( 2 ) is determinable. Dental prosthesis, in particular comprising a superstructure, an abutment and an implant produced by a planning unit according to one of the preceding claims.

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