DE102012112788A1 - Annular disk-shaped plate for clutches or brakes, has first disk-shaped ring segments and second disk-shaped ring segment, which have connecting edges arranged to each other - Google Patents

Abstract

The annular disk-shaped plate has a first disk-shaped ring segments (12) and a second disk-shaped ring segment, which have connecting edges (18) arranged to each other. A straight-line connecting passage (s) is enclosed between an inner edge end (R-i) and an outer edge end (R-a) at its midpoint (M) with a radial direction (19). The connecting edges are provided with a form locking profile, where the form-fitting profile has projections (20) and recesses (21), which extend transversely to the connecting passage.

Description

The invention relates to an annular disc-shaped plate for switchable friction clutches or brakes, which is composed of a plurality of positively connected, disc-shaped ring segments, with a first disc-shaped ring segment and a second disc-shaped ring segment having mutually associated connection edges, wherein the associated connection edges of a radially inner Rim end on the inner radius of the lamella extend to a radially outer edge end on the outer radius of the lamella and form a positive connection.

Such segmented slats are already out of the US 4,674,616 known and have the advantage that compared to one-piece annular disc-shaped slats produced by less waste during production considerably less waste material. Due to this material savings, segmented lamellae can be produced significantly more cost-effectively than integral lamellae.

However, it has been found that segmented lamellae according to the US 4,674,616 Compared to integral slats have a lower mechanical stability, which may not be sufficient to reliably absorb the forces acting during operation of the blade.

For this reason was in the EP 1 650 454 A1 already proposed an annular disk-shaped blade, in which the carrier plate is formed of a plurality of axially adjacent, segmented carrier sheet slats. The segments of the adjacent carrier sheet slats are preferably arranged offset from one another and connected to each other, in particular glued, welded or non-rotatably attached to each other by means of frictional engagement and / or positive locking. However, this multi-layer support plate construction with a plurality of axially adjacent support plates to be fastened to each other increases the production costs for the lamella, so that the cost advantage achieved by the segmentation is significantly reduced or even compensated.

The object of the invention is to provide an annular disc-shaped, segmented blade for clutches or brakes, which has a particularly high mechanical stability and load capacity in the clutch or brake operation with low manufacturing costs.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an annular disc-shaped lamella of the type mentioned, in which a rectilinear connection path between the inner edge end and the outer edge end at its center forms an angle of 30 ° ≤ α ≤ 60 ° with the radial direction. Instead of increasing the mechanical stability and load capacity of the segmented lamella by a complex, multi-layered construction of the carrier sheet, the form-fitting connection identified as a weak point is structurally improved at the connection edges of the ring segments according to the invention. Since the rectilinear connection path between the edge ends encloses an angle of 30 ° ≦ α ≦ 60 °, in particular an angle of α≈45 °, with the radial direction at its midpoint, this results in comparison to a radial profile (α = 0 °) significantly extended edge for power transmission between the adjacent ring segments. Consequently, the forces to be transmitted are distributed over a larger contact surface of the ring segments, which leads to lower voltage peaks in the form-locking connection and thus to an increased stability of the lamella.

In one embodiment of the lamella, the connection edges are each provided with a form-fitting profile, wherein the positive-fit profiles have projections and recesses which extend transversely to the connecting path. This results in a good power transmission of forces or force components, which are directed along the connection edge.

In particular, the positive-fit profiles in this embodiment have mushroom-like, juxtaposed projections and recesses. Due to this mushroom-like shape undercuts, which also allow a power transmission across the connecting edge.

Preferably, each projection and each recess of a connecting edge on a centroid, wherein the centroids are arranged radially offset. This contributes to a particularly homogeneous and uniform force transmission between two adjacent ring segments.

In particular, the projections on the connecting edge of the first ring segment can engage in complementary recesses on the connecting edge of the second ring segment, and vice versa. This creates between the adjacent ring segments a largely gap and play-free positive connection, which ultimately contributes to a high stability and load capacity of the segmented lamella.

In an advantageous embodiment of the annular disc-shaped lamella, the projections have an undercut, so that the two ring segments fixed in a spanned by the annular disk-shaped plate disc plane connected to each other. By the undercut forces can be absorbed with little effort, which act on the mutually associated connection edges transversely to the longitudinal direction of each other away. Accordingly, all forces acting in the disk plane forces can be easily transferred between the manner of a puzzle positively connected ring segments. After the frictional and centrifugal forces lying in this disc plane represent the significant loads during operation of the lamella, the lamella with such a form-fitting profile in the clutch or brake operation has a particularly high load capacity and mechanical stability.

In a further embodiment of the lamella, the form-fitting profile along the connection edge alternately projections and recesses, which merge into one another continuously and form a continuous edge of the positive connection profile, said edge of the positive connection profile has a straight edge portion in a transition region between a projection and an adjacent recess. It has been found that these straight edge portions have a positive effect on the stability and resilience of the positive connection between the ring segments.

Preferably, in this embodiment, two adjacent straight edge portions of the interlocking profile subtend an angle of 70 ° ≤ β ≤ 110 °. In this angular range, in particular at β ≈ 90 °, the stabilizing effect of the straight edge portions is particularly pronounced.

In a further embodiment of the lamella, each connecting edge has at least three projections and three recesses. In this way, the burden of a single projection or a single recess can be reduced with little effort. Accordingly, the risk of localized overstressing of a single protrusion which manifests itself by local stability failure (e.g., tilting or buckling) or undesirably high flexural deformations is minimized. Ultimately, this leads to a particularly high load capacity of the segmented lamella.

In one embodiment of the lamella, an envelope of the connection edges extends substantially rectilinearly and substantially parallel to the connection path. As a result, the projections or recesses of a connecting edge in the radial direction can be distributed homogeneously with little manufacturing effort.

In an alternative embodiment, an envelope of the connecting edges extends from the inner edge end arcuately curved to the outer edge end. With a suitable curvature of the envelope results in a concentration of the projections or recesses to the radially outer edge end. The number of force-transmitting projections or recesses is thus adapted in an advantageous manner to the radial voltage curve of the lamella, since it also increases radially as from the inside to the outside just like the centrifugal force and the friction. Overall, this results in a particularly homogeneous load of the individual projections or recesses of the positive connection profile.

Preferably, at least the radially middle projections on the same geometric shape. As a result, unwanted voltage peaks, which can lead to a local failure of the positive connection and thus to a low mechanical stability of the blade, avoided.

A further embodiment of the lamella is characterized in that a ratio of the height of the projections to their width is between 0.8 and 1.3, and in particular the height and / or width of the projections a maximum of 0.25 times the distance between the radially inner edge and radial outer edge of the lamella corresponds. These geometric conditions result in a rather compact form-fitting profile, which leads to a particularly stable connection of adjacent ring segments in a disc plane spanned by the annular disk-shaped lamella.

In a further embodiment of the lamella, a toothing is formed on a radial inner edge or on a radial outer edge of the ring segments. In this way, the lamellae with little effort rotatably attached to a plate carrier.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. In these show:

1 a plan view and a section XX of an annular disc-shaped brake or clutch plate according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

2 a detailed view of the brake or clutch plate according to 1 in the region of a positive connection of two adjacent ring segments;

3 a plan view and a section XX of an annular disc-shaped brake or clutch plate according to the invention according to a second embodiment;

4 a further plan view of the brake or clutch plate according to 3 with a course of the friction and centrifugal force in the radial direction during operation of the lamella; such as

5 a detailed view of the brake or clutch plate according to 4 in the region of a positive connection of two adjacent ring segments.

The 1 to 5 show two embodiments of an annular disc-shaped lamella 10 for clutches or brakes, which has a ring axis A and a plurality of form-fitting interconnected, disc-shaped ring segments 12 is composed. As brake or clutch plates or only as lamellae 10 are referred to in the invention annular metal discs with an internal or external toothing. The invention encompasses both lamellae 10 , which serve as a carrier sheet for the one-sided or two-sided recording of a friction lining and form a friction plate, as well as lamellae 10 , which are not coated with a friction lining and serve as a friction partner of one or two friction plate (s) with friction lining.

In the illustrated embodiments is at a radial inner edge 14 the ring segments 12 a gearing 15 educated. This (internal) toothing 15 allows a simple, with respect to the ring axis A rotatable connection with a (not shown) plate carrier. In alternative embodiments, the toothing 15 of course also on a radial outer edge 16 the ring segments 12 be executed and an external toothing of the blade 10 form.

The slat 10 has a first disc-shaped ring segment 12 and a second disc-shaped ring segment 12 on which associated, profiled connection edges 18 have, wherein the associated connection edges 18 from a radially inner edge end R _i at the inner radius of the lamella 10 to a radially outer edge end R _a at the outer radius of the lamella 10 extend and form a positive connection.

A rectilinear connecting path s between the inner edge end R _i and the outer edge end R _a closes at its midpoint M an angle of 30 ° ≦ α ≦ 60 ° with a radial direction passing through the center M 19 one. Particularly preferred is α ≈ 45 °, so that the connection edges 18 opposite one in the radial direction 19 extending connecting edge by about a factor of 1.4 longer. Because of this extended connection margin 18 results in the transmission of the forces acting a larger contact area between the adjacent ring segments 12 , resulting in lower stresses and thus a higher load capacity of the annular disc-shaped lamella 10 leads.

The connection edges 18 are each provided with a positive locking profile, wherein the positive locking profile along the connecting edge 18 alternately projections 20 and recesses 21 which, starting from the respective connection edge 18 extend transversely to the link s. An edge of the form-fitting profile runs continuously, so it has no "corners" or singular points. Through this steady course of the connection edge 18 become unwanted voltage peaks in the clutch or brake operation of the lamella 10 avoided.

According to the 1 to 5 has a connection border 18 the positive connection profile mushroom-like, juxtaposed projections 20 in corresponding recesses 21 the assigned connection edge 18 intervene, causing the connection edges 18 dovetail in the manner of a puzzle. Specifically, the projections point 20 an undercut, so that the two ring segments 12 in a through the annular disk-shaped lamella 10 spanned disk plane E are firmly connected.

To a particularly high load capacity and stability of the positive connection between the ring segments 12 to reach, the projections engage 20 at the connection edge 18 of the first ring segment 12 in complementary recesses 21 at the connection edge 18 of the second ring segment 12 one and vice versa. This largely gap and play-free meshing of the associated connection edges 18 leads to a heavy-duty connection of the adjacent ring segments 12 ,

The 2 shows a detail of the annular disc-shaped lamella 10 in the connection area between two ring segments 12 , It becomes clear that every lead 20 and every recess 21 a connection border 18 has a centroid S, where all the centroids S of a connecting edge 18 are arranged radially offset. This leads, in the radial direction 19 the ring segments 12 seen, to a particularly uniform force transmission between two adjacent ring segments 12 ,

To overload a single projection 20 To avoid being between two adjacent ring segments 12 acting force by means of several projections 20 or recesses 21 transferred, with each connecting edge 18 generally at least three protrusions 20 and three recesses 21 having. As in the Embodiments according to the 1 to 5 are shown at each connection edge 18 preferably about five to six protrusions 20 or recesses 21 educated.

It falls in particular on the basis of 2 and 5 on that at least the one in the radial direction 19 middle projections 20 have the same geometric shape. As in radial direction 19 "Middle" protrusions 20 are all projections 20 denoted not directly to the inner edge end R _i or the outer peripheral end R _{a of} the annular disc-shaped lamella 10 adjoin. This homogeneous geometry within the positive locking profiles prevents unwanted, local stress peaks at the connection edges 18 the ring segments 12 ,

In terms of power transmission and stability of the individual projections 20 it has proved to be advantageous if the ratio of the height h of the projections 20 to its width b is between 0.8 and 1.3, which leads to a rather squat form-fitting profile. In addition, the individual projections should 20 for reasons of stability should not be too large, wherein the height h and / or width b of the projections 20 a maximum of 0.25 times the distance l between the radial inner edge 14 and the radial outer edge 16 the slat 10 equivalent.

With respect to the power transmission between the mutually associated connection edges 18 adjacent ring segments 20 It has also proven to be advantageous if the positive locking profile along the connecting edge 18 alternately projections 20 and recesses 21 includes, which continuously merge into each other and form a continuous edge of the positive locking profile, said edge of the positive locking profile in a transition region between a projection 20 and an adjacent recess 21 a straight edge section 22 having. This is particularly the detail A of 2 clearly visible. This is followed by two adjacent straight edge sections 22 the positive-fit profile, that is two in the adjacent on both sides recesses 21 transitional, straight edge sections 22 a projection 20 , an angle β of 70 ° ≤ β ≤ 110 °, wherein preferably β ≈ 90 °.

The 1 and 2 show the annular disk-shaped lamella 10 according to a first embodiment, in which an envelope 24 the connection edges 18 extends substantially rectilinearly and substantially parallel to the connecting path s (see in particular 1 ). Under the envelope 24 the connection edges 18 is in each case the connecting edge 18 neglecting the form-locking profile to understand.

The 3 to 5 show the annular disk-shaped lamella 10 according to a second embodiment, which differs from the first embodiment only in that the envelope 24 the connection edges 18 extends from the inner edge end R _i arcuately curved to the outer edge end R _a . The envelope 24 is in particular so curved that it is of a more radial orientation at the radially inner edge 14 in a more tangential orientation at the radial outer edge 16 passes.

The curvature of the envelope 24 is according to 5 realized by the fact that the adjacent, straight edge sections 22 of the positive connection profile include different angles β. So is in 5 for example, a connection edge 18 shown in which two adjacent straight edge sections 22 a projection 20 an angle β ₁ with β ₁ ≈ 100 ° and two adjacent straight edge sections 22 a recess 21 include an angle β ₂ with β ₂ ≈ 85 °. This connecting edge 18 engages in its associated, correspondingly complementarily formed connection edge 18 in which two adjacent straight edge sections 22 a projection 20 the angle β ₂ and two adjacent straight edge portions 22 a recess 21 include the angle β ₁ .

As a result of this curvature of the connecting edges 18 results in the radial direction 19 a concentration of the protrusions 20 or recesses 21 to the radially outer edge end R _a out. In this way, with little effort, the number of projections 20 or recesses 21 to the in the annular disc-shaped lamella 10 adapting acting loads, which namely also in the radial direction r from the inner edge 14 to the outer edge 16 increase.

• – Abstützkräfte an den einzelnen Zähnen der Verzahnung 15, die eine Übertragung des Reibmoments ermöglichen;
• – eine Reibleistung P_R, welche aufgrund der Reibung entsteht und eine Temperaturzunahme an der Lamelle 10 bewirkt; sowie
• – Zentrifugalkräfte F_Z, welche mit steigender Drehzahl zunehmen.

On the disc-shaped lamellae 10 of clutches or brakes have the following external loads during clutch or brake operation:

• - Supporting forces on the individual teeth of the toothing 15 that allow transmission of the friction torque;
• - A friction P _R , which arises due to friction and an increase in temperature at the lamella 10 causes; such as
• - Centrifugal forces F _Z , which increase with increasing speed.

The centrifugal force F _Z can be determined as F _Z = m · ω ² · r and the friction power P _r as P _r = F _r · r · μ, where m is the mass, ω the angular velocity, _Fr the friction force, μ the friction coefficient and r is the radius with respect to the ring axis A. This means that both the centrifugal force F _Z and the Frictional power P _{R increase} with increasing radius r, as in 4 shown.

This radially outwardly increasing load can be due to the resulting curved edges of the connection 18 radially outwardly increasing number of projections 20 or recesses 21 be easily compensated. As a result, the stresses and strains of the positive locking profile occurring in the radial direction remain 19 largely homogeneously distributed, which in turn leads to a particularly high mechanical stability and resilience of the annular disk-shaped lamella 10 in clutch or brake operation leads.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 4674616 [0002, 0003]
• EP 1650454 A1 [0004]

Claims (14)

Ring-disc-shaped lamella for clutches or brakes, which consists of a plurality of form-fitting, disc-shaped ring segments ( 12 ), with a first disc-shaped ring segment ( 12 ) and a second disc-shaped ring segment ( 12 ), the mutually assigned connection edges ( 18 ), wherein the associated connection edges ( 18 ) from a radially inner edge end (R _i ) at the inner radius of the lamella ( 10 ) to a radially outer edge end (R _a ) at the outer radius of the blade ( 10 ) and form a form-locking connection, characterized in that a rectilinear connecting path (s) between the inner edge end (R _i ) and the outer edge end (R _a ) at its midpoint (M) an angle (α) of 30 ° ≤ α ≤ 60 ° with the radial direction ( 19 ). Slat according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection edges ( 18 ) are each provided with a positive locking profile, wherein the positive locking profiles projections ( 20 ) and recesses ( 21 ), which extend transversely to the connecting path (s). Slat according to claim 2, characterized in that the positive-fit profiles each mushroom-like, juxtaposed projections ( 20 ) and recesses ( 21 ) exhibit. Slat according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each projection ( 20 ) and each recess ( 21 ) of a connection border ( 18 ) has a centroid (S), wherein the centroids (S) are arranged radially offset. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the projections ( 20 ) at the connecting edge ( 18 ) of the first ring segment ( 12 ) into complementary recesses ( 21 ) at the connecting edge ( 18 ) of the second ring segment ( 12 ) intervene, and vice versa. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the projections ( 20 ) have an undercut, so that the two ring segments ( 12 ) in a through the annular disc-shaped blade ( 10 ) spanned disk plane (E) are firmly connected to each other. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the form-locking profile along the connecting edge ( 18 ) alternately projections ( 20 ) and recesses ( 21 ) which continuously merge into one another and form a continuous edge of the positive-locking profile, this edge of the positive-fit profile being in a transition region between a projection ( 20 ) and an adjacent recess ( 21 ) a straight edge portion ( 22 ) having. Slat according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that two adjacent straight edge sections ( 22 ) of the interlocking profile include an angle (β) of 70 ° ≤ β ≤ 110 °. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that each connecting edge ( 18 ) at least three projections ( 20 ) and three recesses ( 21 ) having. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that an envelope ( 24 ) of the connection edges ( 18 ) extends substantially rectilinearly and substantially parallel to the connecting path (s). Slat according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that an envelope ( 24 ) of the connection edges ( 18 ) extends from the inner edge end (R _i ) arcuately curved to the outer edge end (R _a ). Slat according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that at least the radial direction ( 19 ) middle projections ( 20 ) have the same geometric shape. Slat according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the ratio of the height (h) of the projections ( 20 ) to its width (b) is between 0.8 and 1.3 and in particular the height (h) and / or width (b) of the projections ( 20 ) a maximum of 0.25 times the distance (l) between a radial inner edge ( 14 ) and a radial outer edge ( 16 ) of the lamella ( 10 ) corresponds. Slat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at a radial inner edge ( 14 ) or at a radial outer edge ( 16 ) of the ring segments ( 12 ) a gearing ( 15 ) is trained.

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