DE102012012734B3 - Compressor for installation in autonomous functional structures, is in communication with control unit and power supply unit, while casing is closed by top closure and bottom closure, and piston is moved in piston guiding cylinder portion - Google Patents

Abstract

The compressor (1) is in communication with a control unit (34) and a power supply unit (35), while a fill hollow casing (2) is closed by a top closure and a bottom closure. A piston (3) is moved in a piston guiding cylinder portion (22) inside the casing. A driving rod (6) with a linear actuator (4) is provided for the linear movement of the piston, where the driving rod is in contact with the piston. A permanent magnet (5) is portion of the piston, and is provided with a magnetic flux density detection sensor. The piston guiding cylinder portion is ended in a compression chamber (14).

Description

The invention relates to a compressor for installation in autonomous functional structures, wherein the compressor is in communication with a control unit and a power supply unit.

The constant pursuit of saving energy and material requirements in vehicle and mechanical engineering increasingly requires the use of functionally integrated lightweight construction. For integrated pneumatic actuators, it is necessary to provide the necessary operating pressure of approx. 1 bar to 5 bar overpressure. This is possible by external pumps, but not suitable for autonomous functional structures. Currently, there are pumps that can be integrated due to their size, but can not provide the required pressure for compressed air / for compressed gas. The MZB1001 microblower from Murata 1 is representative of the conventional pump design http://www.murata.eu, date of loading: 06.01.2012: World's smallest and low-profile high-pressure air pump with piezoelectric technology that generates pressure with a piezoelectric diaphragm , and the FMAP1004A from RITA Machinery2 http://www.nbrita.com, Date of loading: 05.03.2012: Miniature air pump FMAP1004A-06, which operates on the rotation principle.

• – eine Laufbuchse,
• – einen in der Laufbuchse bewegbaren Kolben und
• – einen induktiven Sensor zur Erfassung der Position des Kolbens in der Laufbuchse.

A linear compressor is in the document DE 10 2010 003 772 A1 described having

• A bushing,
• - A movable piston in the bush and
• - An inductive sensor for detecting the position of the piston in the liner.

In this case, a sensor carrier is present, in which the sensor is attached and whose position relative to the liner is adjustable.

The primary task is to install an inductive sensor to determine the position of the piston. The sensor should be easy to calibrate and not compromise the tightness of the piston chamber. The use of a sensor to determine the piston position is technically necessary, but is estimated to be no particular inventive challenge dar. The linear compressor uses installed valves, which increase the number of components significantly.

• – ein Gehäuse mit einem Gassaugrohr und einem Gasablassrohr,
• – eine Rahmeneinheit, die in dem Gehäuse eingerichtet ist, und
• – eine Verdichtungseinheit, und umfasst
• – einen Zylinder, der an der Rahmeneinheit eingerichtet ist und mehrere Schlitze aufweist, die in längs verlaufender Richtung auf seiner äußeren Umfangsfläche ausgebildet sind,
• – einen Kolben, der mit dem Kolbenmotor verbunden ist, und linear im Zylinder hin- und herbewegt wird, und mehrere Durchgangslöcher aufweist, die an seiner Außenseite ausgebildet sind und mit den Schlitzen in Verbindung stehen, und
• – eine Verdichtungseinheit mit einem Gasdämpferglied, das an einer äußeren Umfangsfläche des Zylinders eingerichtet ist.

A reciprocating compressor is in the document DE 103 23 509 A1 described that contains

• A housing with a gas suction pipe and a gas outlet pipe,
• A frame unit installed in the case, and
• - A compression unit, and includes
• A cylinder adapted to the frame unit and having a plurality of slots formed in a longitudinal direction on its outer peripheral surface,
• A piston connected to the piston motor and reciprocated linearly in the cylinder, and having a plurality of through holes formed on its outside and communicating with the slots, and
• - A compression unit with a gas damper member, which is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder.

Also in this reciprocating compressor valves are installed to carry out the operation.

• – einen in einem Gehäuse bewegbaren Verdichterkolben, im Bereich dessen Stirnseiten das Gas komprimierende Kammern angeordnet sind.
• – das Gehäuse zur berührungslosen Hin- und Herbewegung des Verdichterkolbens von einem von einem Stufenkolben eines Freiluftkolbenmotors ausgehenden Abschnitt umgeben ist, der einen Magneten aufweist, dem ein ferromagnetischer Bereich in dem Verdichterkolben zugeordnet ist.

A compressor for gases, which is particularly suitable for a heat pump, is in the document DE 85 32 133 U1 described, wherein the compressor comprises

• - A movable in a housing compressor piston, in the region of whose end faces the gas-compressing chambers are arranged.
• - The housing for non-contact reciprocation of the compressor piston is surrounded by an outgoing from a stepped piston of a Freiluftkolbenmotors portion having a magnet, which is associated with a ferromagnetic region in the compressor piston.

• – einem Kolben, der in einem Zylinder gleitbar vorgesehen ist und eine erste Fluidkammmer und eine zweite Fluidkammer trennt, die mit einem zu betätigenden Gegenstand verbunden ist,
• – einem elastischen Bauteil, das den Kolben durch ein Aufbringen einer Federkraft auf den Kolben in eine Richtung entgegengesetzt zu der einer elektromagnetischen Kraft eines elektromagnetischen Abschnitts rückwärts bewegt,
• – einem zweiten Ein-Aus-Ventil, das in einem Verbindungsströmungsdurchgang vorgesehen ist, der die erste Fluidkammer miteinander verbindet, das ermöglicht, dass ein Arbeitsfluid von der ersten Fluidkammer in die zweite Fluidkammer strömt, und das verhindert, dass ein Arbeitsfluid von einer zweiten Fluidkammer in die erste Fluidkammer strömt.

An electromagnetic pump is in the document US 2011/0293 449 A1 described with

• A piston which is slidably provided in a cylinder and separates a first fluid chamber and a second fluid chamber which is connected to an object to be actuated,
• An elastic member that moves the piston backward by applying a spring force to the piston in a direction opposite to that of an electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic portion,
• A second on-off valve provided in a connection flow passage connecting the first fluid chamber, allowing a working fluid to flow from the first fluid chamber into the second fluid chamber, and preventing a working fluid from a second fluid chamber flows into the first fluid chamber.

• – einen elektromagnetischen Abschnitt, der den Kolben durch eine elektromagnetische Kraft vorwärts bewegt,
• – ein erstes Ein-Aus-Ventil, das ermöglicht, dass ein Arbeitsfluid von einer Außenseite in die erste Fluidkammer strömt, und das verhindert, dass ein Arbeitsfluid von der ersten Fluidkammer zu der Außenseite strömt,

wobei sich ein Volumen der ersten Fluidkammer reduziert und sich ein Volumen der zweiten Fluidkammer erhöht, wenn der Kolben vorwärts bewegt wird, und sich das Volumen der ersten Fluidkammer erhöht und sich das Volumen der zweiten Fluidkammer reduziert, wenn der Kolben rückwärts bewegt wird, und wobei
eine Änderung des Volumens der ersten Fluidkammer größer ist als eine Änderung des Volumens der zweiten Fluidkammer bei einer Hin- und Herbewegung des Kolbens.In this case, the pump further includes

• An electromagnetic section that advances the piston by an electromagnetic force,
• A first on-off valve that allows a working fluid to flow from an outside into the first fluid chamber, and prevents a working fluid from flowing from the first fluid chamber to the outside,

wherein a volume of the first fluid chamber reduces and a volume of the second fluid chamber increases as the piston is advanced and the volume of the first fluid chamber increases and the volume of the second fluid chamber decreases as the piston is moved backward, and wherein
a change in the volume of the first fluid chamber is greater than a change in the volume of the second fluid chamber in a reciprocating motion of the piston.

The control of the working fluid is also done with installed valves.

The invention has for its object to provide a compressor for installation in autonomous functional structures, which is designed so adapted that both the size of the compressor significantly reduced as well as a required for the operation of the functional structures pressure of compressed air / compressed gas can be provided ,

The object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

• – ein hohlräumiges Gehäuse, verschlossen mit einem oberen Verschluss und einem unteren Verschluss,
• – einen Kolben, der in einem kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich innerhalb des Gehäuses bewegt wird,
• – einen eine für die lineare Kolbenbewegung vorgesehene Schubstange aufweisenden Linearantrieb, der mit dem Kolben in Kontakt steht,
• – einen Permanentmagnet, der Teil des Kolbens ist und der eine sensorerfassbare magnetische Flussdichte aufweist,
• – einen Verdichtungsraum, an dem der kolbenführende Zylinderbereich endet,
• – einen Einlasskanal, der von der Außenseite des Gehäuses zum kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich führt,
• – einen Auslasskanal, der von der Außenseite des Gehäuses zum kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich führt, wobei der Einlasskanal dem Verdichtungsraum näher als der Auslasskanal liegt,
• – einen Überströmkanal, der im Kolben axial gerichtet von dem Verdichtungsraum ausgebildet ist und von dem aus zumindest ein Seitenkanal geführt ist, der in einer am Kolben umfänglich befindlichen Ringnut endet und der mit dem Einlasskanal oder dem Auslasskanal verbindbar ist,
• – einen Hallsensor, der den kolbenstellungsabhängigen Wert der jeweiligen magnetischen Flussdichte des Permanentmagneten in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Kolbens und somit die Stellung des Kolbens erfasst, und
• – eine Druckfeder, die zwischen Kolben und Linearantrieb angeordnet ist und eine zum Betrieb des Linearantriebs erforderliche Vorspannung realisiert.

The compressor for installation in autonomous functional structures, in connection with a control unit and with a power supply unit, according to the patent claim 1 at least

• A hollow-space housing closed with an upper closure and a lower closure,
• A piston which is moved in a piston-guiding cylinder area within the housing,
• A linear drive provided with a push rod for linear piston movement, which is in contact with the piston,
• A permanent magnet which is part of the piston and which has a sensor-detectable magnetic flux density,
• A compression space at which the piston-guiding cylinder region ends,
• An inlet channel leading from the outside of the housing to the piston-guiding cylinder area,
• An outlet channel leading from the outside of the housing to the piston-guiding cylinder area, the inlet channel being closer to the compression space than the outlet channel,
• An overflow channel, which is formed in the piston axially directed by the compression space and from which at least one side channel is guided, which ends in a circumferential groove located on the piston and which is connectable to the inlet channel or the outlet channel,
• A Hall sensor which detects the piston position dependent value of the respective magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet as a function of the position of the piston and thus the position of the piston, and
• - A compression spring which is arranged between the piston and the linear drive and realizes a required for the operation of the linear drive bias.

The permanent magnet of the piston has a contact with the push rod of the linear drive.

Depending on the position of the piston, the annular groove of the piston permits an open connection from the side channel to the inlet channel or an open connection from the side channel to the outlet channel for establishing a flow connection from the compression chamber to the surroundings.

The annular groove increases in a rotation of the piston in the cylinder on an impairment of the linear piston movement and on the linear piston movement associated piston functions.

• – einen Einbauraum für den Linearantrieb,
• – einen Zylinderbereich zur Führung der der Druckfeder zugeordneten Schubstange,
• – den kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich und
• – den Verdichtungsraum,

wobei die Hohlräume in dieser Reihenfolge längs der Gehäuseachse miteinander in Verbindung stehen und die beiden Zylinderbereiche einen durchgängigen Zylinder bilden, wobei als Zylinder/Zylinderbereiche kanalartige zylinderförmige Räume definiert sind, in denen sich der Kolben und/oder die Schubstange bewegen.The hollow-volume housing may substantially comprise a plurality of cavities:

• - an installation space for the linear drive,
• A cylinder region for guiding the push rod associated with the compression spring,
• - The piston-leading cylinder area and
• - the compression chamber,

wherein the cavities in this order along the housing axis with each other and the two cylinder areas form a continuous cylinder, wherein as a cylinder / cylinder areas channel-like cylindrical spaces are defined, in which move the piston and / or the push rod.

The two covers are fastened by means of screws on the hollow space housing. But also a different form of the closures of the housing can be used.

The permanent magnet is attached to the upper surface of the piston and moves with the piston.

The permanent magnet has a smaller diameter than the piston.

The permanent magnet located on the upper surface of the piston has a magnetförmigfänglich, directed radially to the piston axis projection / annular projection to the lower end-side support of the compression spring.

The two cylinder areas continuously merge into each other and have the same diameter, in order to allow a co-movement of the permanent magnet with the piston.

The Hall sensor is preferably introduced in the lower part of the housing, in particular in the lower lid.

As a linear drive designed as a linear motor squiggle motor is used, which operates on the piezoelectric ultrasonic principle, wherein the squiggle motor has a push rod serving as a threaded rod which is moved piezoelectrically in the linear axial direction of the housing and by the contact with the piston attached permanent magnet moves the piston in the cylinder.

The bias spring having pressure spring is realized between the piston and the drive housing such that the one upper end of the compression spring at the lower part of the drive housing of the linear drive and the other, the upper end opposite lower end of the compression spring on the upper surface of the piston, on the Also, the permanent magnet is attached, are.

The compression spring is located between the piston and the housing and serves for the effective operation of the Squiggle engine necessary bias between squiggle motor shaft and squiggle motor housing. In this case, the spring is installed in the prestressed (compressed) state in the axial direction in the compressor, so that the spring at both top dead center and bottom dead center exerts sufficient force in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. There must be no contact between shaft and spring, otherwise the function of the squiggle motor will no longer exist due to the resulting friction torque.

In the lower surface of the piston of the overflow channel enters the piston and extends axially to the piston axis within the piston until the overflow channel divides into two radially directed side channels, which open into the circumferential annular groove.

The contact between the lower end of the push rod / threaded rod / shaft of the linear drive and the permanent magnet is a point contact, the push rod / threaded rod / shaft is mounted torque-free.

The point contact is provided between the lower end of the push rod / threaded rod / shaft and the push rod / threaded rod / shaft facing surface of the permanent magnet.

A seal between the piston and the piston-guiding cylinder portion of the housing is realized by a tight clearance in conjunction with a thin film of oil.

The compressor is preferably in miniature format, with the dimensions of the compressor being about 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter, with further miniaturization in length and diameter possible.

In the following, the operation of the compressor according to the invention will be explained.

As described above, the piston is located in the piston-guiding cylinder region within the housing of the compressor, wherein the piston is moved in a linear axial direction.

If the piston is at top dead center, the inlet channel is open and fresh gas flows into the compression chamber. In the following step, the piston is pushed down. The inlet channel closes and the gas in the compression chamber is compressed. The compression process continues until the piston has reached bottom dead center. In the bottom dead center position of the piston, the outlet channel is open and the compressed gas is expelled via the overflow channel in the piston and the outlet channel located in the housing. When the ejection process is finished, the piston is pulled up again. In this case, the outlet channel is closed and creates a negative pressure in the compression chamber. The piston is in the position at top dead center, the inlet channel is opened and there is a pressure equalization between the compression chamber and the environment of the compressor instead. Now the process begins again.

If the piston is moved beyond the top dead center and the piston lower edge of the piston has its position also above the outlet channel, so that simultaneously the inlet channel and outlet channel are opened, it is possible to establish a pressure equalization between the inlet channel and the outlet channel.

Further developments of the invention are specified in further subclaims.

The invention will be explained in more detail by means of an embodiment with reference to drawings.

Show it:

1 a construction of a miniaturized compressor for installation in autonomous functional structures in a longitudinal sectional view, in a position of the piston in which both the inlet channel and outlet channel are closed, and schematically the connection of the compressor with a Control unit and an associated power supply unit,

2a a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor after 1 with a position of the piston beyond the top dead center with a pressure equalization between inlet channel and outlet channel,

2 B a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor after 1 with a position of the piston at top dead center,

2c a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor after 1 with a downward movement position of the piston,

2d a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor after 1 with a position of the piston at the bottom dead center and

2e a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor after 1 with an upward movement position of the piston.

The following are the 1 such as 2a . 2 B . 2c . 2d . 2e considered together.

• – ein hohlräumiges Gehäuse 2, verschlossen mit einem oberen Deckel 7 und einem unteren Deckel 8,
• – einen Kolben 3, der in einem kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich 22 innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 bewegt wird,
• – einen eine für die lineare Kolbenbewegung vorgesehene Schubstange 6 aufweisenden Linearantrieb 4, der mit dem Kolben 3 in Kontakt steht,
• – einen Permanentmagnet 5, der Teil des Kolbens 3 ist und der eine sensorerfassbare magnetische Flussdichte aufweist,
• – einen Verdichtungsraum 14, an dem der kolbenführende Zylinderbereich 22 endet,
• – einen Einlasskanal 13, der von der Außenseite des Gehäuses 2 zum kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich 22 führt,
• – einen Auslasskanal 16, der von der Außenseite des Gehäuses 2 zum kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich 22 führt, wobei der Einlasskanal 13 dem Verdichtungsraum 14 näher als der Auslasskanal 16 liegt,
• – einen Überströmkanal 17, der im Kolben 3 axial gerichtet von dem Verdichtungsraum 14 ausgebildet ist und von dem aus zumindest ein Seitenkanal 25; 26 geführt ist, der in einer am Kolben 3 umfänglich befindlichen Ringnut 40 endet und der mit dem Einlasskanal 13 oder dem Auslasskanal 16 verbindbar ist,
• – einen Hallsensor 9, der den kolbenstellungsabhängigen Wert der jeweiligen magnetischen Flussdichte des Permanentmagneten 5 in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Kolbens 3 und somit die Stellung des Kolbens 3 erfasst, und
• – eine Druckfeder 10, die zwischen Kolben 3 und Linearantrieb 4 angeordnet ist und eine zum Betrieb des Linearantriebs 4 erforderliche Vorspannung realisiert.

In 1 is a construction of a compressor according to the invention 1 for installation in autonomous functional structures shown in a longitudinal sectional view, wherein the compressor 1 with a control unit 34 and a power supply unit 35 communicates and at least includes

• - a hollow space housing 2 , closed with a top lid 7 and a lower lid 8th .
• - a piston 3 in a piston-guiding cylinder area 22 inside the case 2 is moved,
• - One provided for the linear piston movement push rod 6 having linear drive 4 that with the piston 3 is in contact,
• - a permanent magnet 5 , the part of the piston 3 is and has a sensor detectable magnetic flux density,
• - a compression room 14 , at which the piston leading cylinder area 22 ends
• - an inlet channel 13 coming from the outside of the case 2 to the piston leading cylinder area 22 leads,
• - an outlet channel 16 coming from the outside of the case 2 to the piston leading cylinder area 22 leads, with the inlet channel 13 the compression space 14 closer than the exhaust duct 16 lies,
• - An overflow channel 17 who in the butt 3 axially directed from the compression space 14 is formed and from which at least one side channel 25 ; 26 is guided, in one on the piston 3 circumferentially located annular groove 40 ends and the with the inlet channel 13 or the outlet channel 16 is connectable,
• - a Hall sensor 9 which determines the piston position dependent value of the respective magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 5 depending on the position of the piston 3 and thus the position of the piston 3 recorded, and
• - a compression spring 10 between pistons 3 and linear drive 4 is arranged and one for operating the linear drive 4 required bias realized.

The permanent magnet 5 of the piston 3 has the contact 11 to the push rod 6 of the linear drive 4 on.

The ring groove 40 of the piston 3 allows depending on the position of the piston 3 an open connection from the side channel 25 . 26 out to the inlet channel 13 or an open connection from the side channel 25 . 26 out to the outlet channel 16 for establishing a flow connection from the compression space 14 out to the environment 18 ,

The ring groove 40 lifts at a twist of the piston 3 in the cylinder 43 an impairment of the linear piston movement and piston functions associated with the linear piston movement.

• – einen Einbauraum 32 für den Linearantrieb 4,
• – einen Zylinderbereich 33 zur Führung der der Druckfeder 10 zugeordneten Schubstange 6,
• – den kolbenführenden Zylinderbereich 22 und
• – den Verdichtungsraum 14,

wobei die Hohlräume 32, 33, 22, 14 in dieser Reihenfolge längs der Gehäuseachse 41 miteinander in Verbindung stehen und die beiden Zylinderbereiche 22, 33 einen durchgängigen Zylinder 43 bilden, wobei als Zylinder 43 und Zylinderbereiche 22, 33 kanalartige zylinderförmige Räume definiert sind, in denen sich der Kolben 3 und die Schubstange 6 bewegen.The hollow space housing 2 essentially comprises several cavities:

• - An installation space 32 for the linear drive 4 .
• - A cylinder area 33 for guiding the compression spring 10 associated push rod 6 .
• - The piston-guiding cylinder area 22 and
• - the compression chamber 14 .

the cavities 32 . 33 . 22 . 14 in this order along the body axis 41 communicate with each other and the two cylinder areas 22 . 33 a continuous cylinder 43 form, being as a cylinder 43 and cylinder areas 22 . 33 channel-like cylindrical spaces are defined, in which the piston 3 and the push rod 6 move.

The two lids 7 . 8th can by means of screwing 42 on the hollow space housing 2 be attached. Instead of the lid 7 . 8th Other closures may be provided. For example, instead of a sealed lower lid 8th the compression space 14 without lid, but designed to be closed down.

The permanent magnet 5 can be on the top surface 27 of the piston 3 attached and moves with the piston 3 ,

The permanent magnet 5 has a smaller diameter than the piston 3 and as the cylinder 43 , being as a cylinder 43 and cylinder areas 22 . 33 the spaces are defined, in which the piston is 3 and the push rod 6 move.

The one on the upper surface 27 of the piston 3 located permanent magnet 5 can be a magnetumfängen, radially to the piston axis 24 directed projection, a ring projection 44 , to the lower end support of the compression spring 10 exhibit. Without the ring projection 44 can the lower end 30 the compression spring 10 on the upper surface 27 of the piston 3 rest.

The two cylinder areas 22 . 33 go continuously into each other and have the same diameter, to a co-movement of the permanent magnet 5 with the piston 3 to enable.

The Hall sensor 9 is preferably in the lower part of the housing 2 , especially in the lower lid 8th brought in.

As a linear drive 4 is a trained as a linear motor squiggle motor 4 used, which operates on the piezoelectric ultrasonic principle, the squiggle motor 4 one as a push rod 6 serving threaded rod, in the linear axial direction of the housing 2 is moved piezoelectrically and by the contact with the piston 3 attached permanent magnets 5 the piston 3 in the cylinder 22 emotional.

The prestressed compression spring 10 is between pistons 3 and drive housing 31 realized so that the one upper end 29 the compression spring 10 at the lower part of the drive housing 31 of the linear drive 4 and the other, the upper end opposite lower end 30 the compression spring 10 on the upper surface 27 of the piston 3 , on which also the permanent magnet 5 is attached.

In the lower area 28 of the piston 3 occurs the overflow channel 17 in the pistons 3 and extends axially to the piston axis 24 inside the piston 3 until the overflow channel 17 in two radially directed side channels 25 . 26 divides into the circumferential groove 40 lead. In principle, a side channel is sufficient 25 or 26 already off to the respective connections to inlet duct 13 or outlet channel 16 bring about.

The contact 11 between the lower end of the push rod in the form of a threaded rod or a shaft 6 of the linear drive 4 and the permanent magnet 5 is a point contact, with the push rod 6 is stored torque-free.

The point contact 11 is between the lower end of the push rod or threaded rod or shaft 6 and to the push rod or threaded rod or shaft 6 directed surface of the permanent magnet 5 available.

A seal between pistons 3 and the piston leading cylinder area 22 of the housing 2 is realized by a tight clearance in conjunction with a thin film of oil.

The compressor 1 is preferably formed in a miniature format, wherein the dimensions of the compressor 1 about 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter, with further miniaturization in length and diameter is possible.

In 1 is also next to the construction of the compressor 1 a related control unit 34 and an associated power supply unit 35 shown schematically. The control unit 34 is with the power supply unit 35 via a power supply line 37 connected and has signaling and power supply lines 38 to the linear drive 4 as well as signaling and power supply lines 39 to the Hall sensor 9 on.

The invention thus essentially relates to a compressor 1 in miniature format. The compressor 1 contains a piston 3 in a housing 2 is moved, which may be cylindrical. As a linear drive 4 is z. As a squiggle engine 3 used, which works on the piezoelectric ultrasonic principle.

The piston 3 is in the housing 2 located piston leading cylinder area 22 guided.

The coupling between the linear drive 4 and the piston 3 is by the on the piston 3 attached permanent magnets 5 in relation to the threaded rod 6 realized the connection to the threaded rod 6 of the linear drive 4 ensures via the magnetic force. The advantage of the connection is that the contact 11 is designed as a point contact. The point contact 11 is necessary because of the squiggle engine 4 as a linear motor can transmit no torque and generates only forces in a linear axial direction. The necessary for the control position of the piston 3 is over the in the lower lid 8th attached Hall sensor 9 determined, the respective instantaneous piston position dependent value of the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 5 and thus the corresponding position of the piston 3 detected. The upper lid 7 and the lower lid 8th can by screwing 42 on the longitudinal body of the housing 2 be attached, the upper cover 7 in the housing 2 located installation space 32 for the linear drive 4 and the lower lid 8th the compression space 14 close.

The compression spring 10 between pistons 3 and linear drive 4 realizes the operation of the linear drive 4 required preload. This is the one upper end 29 the compression spring 10 at the lower part of the drive housing 31 of the linear drive 4 and the other bottom end 30 the compression spring 10 on the upper surface 27 of the piston 3 , on which also the permanent magnet 5 is attached.

The compression spring 10 located between piston 3 and drive housing 31 and serves to effectively operate the squiggle engine 4 necessary bias between squiggle motor shaft and squiggle motor housing. This is the compression spring 10 in the prestressed (compressed) state in the axial direction in the compressor 1 installed so that the compression spring 10 both at top dead center 12 as well as at bottom dead center 15 a sufficient force in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 6 (Threaded rod) exercises. There must be no contact between the shaft 6 and spring 10 give, otherwise on the resulting friction torque, the function of the Squiggle engine 4 no longer exists.

In the lower area 28 of the piston 3 leading to the compression room 14 is directed, the overflow channel occurs 17 in the pistons 3 and extends axially to the piston axis 24 until the overflow channel 17 inside the piston 3 in two radially directed side channels 25 . 26 Splits. The side channels 25 . 26 first ends in a circumferential groove in the form of an annular groove 40 of the piston 3 , The circumferential groove 40 represents the connection between the side channels 25 . 26 and inlet channel 13 or outlet channel 26 depending on the position of the piston 3 Through the circumferential groove 40 is independent of the twisting position of the piston 3 a flow connection between overflow 17 and inlet channel 13 as well as between overflow channel 17 and exhaust duct 16 given. Thus, the piston can 3 around its piston axis 24 move without overflow problems. This can be independent of the orientation of the respective side channel 25 or 26 each a flow connection between side channel 25 . 26 and the inlet channel 13 or the outlet channel 16 with appropriate level position of the piston 3 be made to the two housing channels.

It represents the upper surface 27 of the piston 3 , on which also the permanent magnet 5 is attached, a closed area.

The dimensions of the compressor according to the invention 1 are preferably about 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter, with further miniaturization is possible.

In 2a is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor 1 with a position of the piston 3 above the top dead center 12 with a pressure balance between the in the housing 2 located inlet channel 13 and in the case 2 located exhaust passage 16 shown.

In 2 B is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor 1 with a position of the piston 3 at top dead center 12 shown.

In 2c is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor 1 with a downward movement position of the piston 3 towards the compression room 14 shown.

In 2d is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor 1 with a position of the piston 3 at bottom dead center 15 shown.

In 2e is a longitudinal sectional view of the compressor 1 with an upward movement position of the piston 3 towards the linear drive 4 shown.

The following is the operation of the compressor according to the invention 1 according to the 2a . 2 B . 2c . 2d and 2e explained.

The piston 3 is located in the piston leading cylinder area 22 inside the case 2 of the compressor 1 in which the piston 3 in a linear axial direction along the piston axis 24 through the as push rod 6 acting threaded rod of the squiggle motor 4 is moved ( 2a ).

Is the piston located 3 at top dead center 12 ( 2 B ), so is the inlet channel 13 opened and fresh gas flows into the compression chamber 14 , In the following step ( 2c ) becomes the piston 3 down towards the compression chamber 14 emotional. This is the inlet channel 13 closed and the gas in the compression chamber 14 is compressed. The compression process continues until the piston 3 at bottom dead center 15 ( 2d ) has arrived. In the position of the piston lower edge 36 at bottom dead center 15 of the piston 3 is the outlet channel 16 opened and the compressed gas is over the piston 3 located overflow channel 17 as well as in the housing 2 located exhaust passage 16 pushed out. When the ejection process is finished, the piston becomes 3 back up towards the squiggle engine 4 drawn ( 2e ). This is the outlet channel 16 closed and in the compression room 14 creates a negative pressure. Is there then the piston 3 at top dead center 12 ( 2 B ), becomes the inlet channel 13 opened and there is a pressure equalization between the compression chamber 14 and the environment 18 instead of. Now the process begins again.

The lower edge of the piston 36 represents in the figures, the lateral view of the lower surface 28 of the piston 3 represents.

Will the lower edge of the piston 36 of the piston 3 over top dead center 12 out to at least the outlet channel 16 moved upwards ( 2a ), so that at the same time the inlet channel 13 and the outlet channel 16 open, there is the possibility of a pressure equalization between the inlet channel 13 and the outlet channel 16 manufacture.

• – zum Einen in der Möglichkeit der Miniaturisierung und der Generierung von großen – im Vergleich zu anderen Pumpen ähnlicher Baugröße – Drücken (bis zu 5 bar). Damit lässt sich der erfindungsgemäße Kompressor 1 direkt in eine autonome Funktionsstruktur einbinden und die Verwendung externer Kompressoren entfällt.
• – Zum Anderen arbeitet der erfindungsgemäße Kompressor 1 völlig ventilfrei. Das erspart den Einsatz von zusätzlichen und vor allem sehr kleinen Komponenten, was die Herstellungskosten erheblich senkt und Wartungsarbeiten minimiert.
• – Des Weiteren wird eine Dichtung zwischen dem Kolben 3 und des kolbenführenden Zylinderbereiches 22 im Gehäuse 2 durch eine enge Spielpassung in Verbindung mit einem dünnen Ölfilm realisiert. Der dünne Ölfilm bewirkt, dass die gegeneinander bewegten Teile – der bewegte Kolben 3 im Zylinderbereich 22 – nahezu reibungsfrei gleiten und die Verlustenergie deutlich minimiert wird.

The advantages of the compressor according to the invention 1 consist

• - On the one hand in the possibility of miniaturization and the generation of large - compared to other pumps of similar size - pressures (up to 5 bar). This allows the compressor according to the invention 1 integrate directly into an autonomous functional structure and the use of external compressors is eliminated.
• - On the other hand, the compressor of the invention operates 1 completely valve-free. This saves the use of additional and above all very small components, which considerably reduces the production costs and minimizes maintenance work.
• - Furthermore, a seal between the piston 3 and the piston leading cylinder area 22 in the case 2 realized by a tight clearance in conjunction with a thin film of oil. The thin oil film causes the moving parts - the moving piston 3 in the cylinder area 22 - Glide almost frictionless and the energy loss is significantly minimized.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

compressor

2

casing

3

piston

4

Linear drive / Squiggle motor

5

permanent magnet

6

Push rod / threaded rod / shaft of the linear drive

7

Upper lid

8th

Lower lid

9

Hall sensor

10

compression spring

11

Contact / Contact Point

12

Top Dead Center

13

inlet channel

14

compression chamber

15

Bottom dead center

16

exhaust port

17

overflow

18

Surroundings

22

Piston-carrying cylinder area

23

Position of the piston lower edge / lower surface of the piston above the outlet channel

24

piston axis

25

First side channel

26

Second side channel

27

Upper surface of the piston

28

Lower surface of the piston

29

Upper end of the compression spring

30

Lower end of the compression spring

31

drive housing

32

installation space

33

Cylinder area for the push rod / threaded rod / shaft

34

control unit

35

Power supply unit

36

Piston lower edge

37

management

38

management

39

management

40

Circumferential groove / ring groove

41

housing axis

42

screw

43

cylinder

44

Circumferential projection / ring projection

Claims (19)

Compressor ( 1 ) for installation in autonomous functional structures, in connection with a control unit ( 34 ) and a power supply unit ( 35 ) and at least comprising - a hollow space housing ( 2 ), closed with an upper closure and a lower closure, - a piston ( 3 ), which in a piston leading cylinder area ( 22 ) within the housing ( 2 ) is moved, - a provided for the linear piston movement push rod ( 6 ) having linear drive ( 4 ), with the piston ( 3 ) is in contact, - a permanent magnet ( 5 ), the part of the piston ( 3 ) and which has a sensor-detectable magnetic flux density, - a compression space ( 14 ), on which the piston-guiding cylinder region ( 22 ), - an inlet channel ( 13 ), which from the outside of the housing ( 2 ) to the piston-guiding cylinder region ( 22 ), - an outlet channel ( 16 ), which from the outside of the housing ( 2 ) to the piston-guiding cylinder region ( 22 ), wherein the inlet channel ( 13 ) the compression space ( 14 ) closer than the outlet channel ( 16 ), - an overflow channel ( 17 ), which is in the piston ( 3 ) axially directed from the compression space ( 14 ) is formed and from which at least one side channel ( 25 ; 26 ) guided in one of the pistons ( 3 ) circumferentially located annular groove ( 40 ) ends and the with the inlet channel ( 13 ) or the outlet channel ( 16 ), - a Hall sensor ( 9 ), which determines the piston position-dependent value of the respective magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet ( 5 ) depending on the position of the piston ( 3 ) and thus the position of the piston ( 3 ), and - a compression spring ( 10 ) between pistons ( 3 ) and linear drive ( 4 ) and one for operating the linear drive ( 4 ) realized required bias. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet ( 5 ) of the piston ( 3 ) the contact ( 11 ) to the push rod ( 6 ) of the linear drive ( 4 ) having. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular groove ( 40 ) of the piston ( 3 ) depending on the position of the piston ( 3 ) an open connection from the side channel ( 25 . 26 ) out to the inlet channel ( 13 ) or an open connection from the side channel ( 25 . 26 ) out to the outlet channel ( 16 ) for establishing a flow connection from the compression chamber ( 14 ) to the surroundings ( 18 ). Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular groove ( 40 ) at a rotation of the piston ( 3 ) in the cylinder ( 43 ) negates an impairment of the linear piston movement and piston functions associated with the linear piston movement. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow space housing ( 2 ) essentially a plurality of cavities: - an installation space ( 32 ) for the linear drive ( 4 ), - a cylinder area ( 33 ) for guiding the compression spring ( 10 ) associated push rod ( 6 ), - the piston-guiding cylinder region ( 22 ) and - the compression chamber ( 14 ), wherein the cavities ( 32 . 33 . 22 . 14 ) in this order along the housing axis ( 41 ) and the two cylinder areas ( 22 . 33 ) a continuous cylinder ( 43 ), where as cylinder ( 43 ) and cylinder areas ( 22 . 33 ) channel-like cylindrical spaces are defined, in which the piston ( 3 ) and the push rod ( 6 ) move. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the closures in the form of lids ( 7 . 8th ) by means of screw connections ( 42 ) on the hollow space housing ( 2 ) are attached. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet ( 5 ) on an upper surface ( 27 ) of the piston ( 3 ) and with the piston ( 3 ) emotional. Compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that the permanent magnet ( 5 ) a smaller diameter than the piston ( 3 ) having. Compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that on the upper surface ( 27 ) of the piston ( 3 ) permanent magnet ( 5 ) a magnetumfängen, radially to the piston axis ( 24 ) directed projection ( 44 ) to the lower end-side support of the compression spring ( 10 ) having. Compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that the two cylinder areas ( 22 . 33 ) merge into one another and have the same diameter in order to permit a movement of the permanent magnet ( 5 ) with the piston ( 3 ). Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Hall sensor ( 9 ) preferably in the lower part of the housing ( 2 ), especially in the lower lid ( 8th ) is introduced. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that as a linear drive ( 4 ) is used as a linear motor trained squiggle motor, which operates on the piezoelectric ultrasonic principle, wherein the squiggle motor ( 4 ) as a push rod ( 6 ) threaded rod, which in the linear axial direction of the housing ( 2 ) is moved piezoelectrically and by the contact with the on the piston ( 3 ) permanent magnets ( 5 ) the piston ( 3 ) in the cylinder ( 22 ) emotional. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the prestressed compression spring ( 10 ) between pistons ( 3 ) and drive housing ( 31 ) is realized such that the one upper end ( 29 ) of the compression spring ( 10 ) at the lower part of the drive housing ( 31 ) of the linear drive ( 4 ) and the other, the upper end ( 29 ) opposite lower end ( 30 ) of the compression spring ( 10 ) on the upper surface ( 27 ) of the piston ( 3 ), on which also the permanent magnet ( 5 ) is attached. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that in a lower surface ( 28 ) of the piston ( 3 ) the overflow channel ( 17 ) in the piston ( 3 ) and axially to the piston axis ( 24 ) within the piston ( 3 ) runs until the overflow channel ( 17 ) into two radially directed side channels ( 25 . 26 ), which is in the annular groove ( 40 ). Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact ( 11 ) between the lower end of the push rod ( 6 ) of the linear drive ( 4 ) and the permanent magnet ( 5 ) is a point contact, wherein the push rod ( 6 ) is mounted torque-free. Compressor according to claim 15, characterized in that the point contact ( 11 ) between the lower end of the push rod ( 6 ) and the push rod ( 6 ) directed surface of the permanent magnet ( 5 ) is available. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that a seal between piston ( 3 ) and the piston-guiding cylinder region ( 22 ) of the housing ( 2 ) is realized by a tight clearance in conjunction with a thin film of oil. Compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor ( 1 ) with a control unit ( 34 ) and an associated power supply unit ( 35 ), the control unit ( 34 ) with the power supply unit ( 35 ) via a power supply line ( 37 ) and signaling and power supply lines ( 38 ) to the linear drive ( 4 ) as well as signaling and power supply lines ( 39 ) to the Hall sensor ( 9 ) having. Compressor according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the compressor ( 1 ) is formed in miniature format, wherein the dimensions of the compressor ( 1 ) about 30 mm in length and 10 mm in diameter.

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