DE102012002661A1 - Glass pane construction e.g. bulletproof glass pane used for motor vehicle, has transparent pane and layers comprising glass or synthetic material, which are connected in layered laminate by transparent ultraviolet filtering layer unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A glass pane construction (1) has transparent pane (2,4,6) and layers (5,7,8) comprising glass, ceramic or synthetic material, which are connected in layered laminate by transparent ultraviolet filtering layer unit (3) for filtering ultraviolet radiation.

Description

The present invention relates to a glass pane construction and in particular to a bulletproof glass pane for use in a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

A well-known bulletproof glass is, for example, in EP 1010963 B1 described. The transparent laminated glass pane has a plurality of interconnected and transparent panes or layers of glass or plastic, wherein in particular one or more composite layers of plastic such. As polyurethane and polyvinyl butyral or other thermoplastics between the glass panes, bulletproof glass or polycarbonate are provided for composite formation. Towards the interior of the vehicle, the bulletproof glass pane can have a disk or layer of polycarbonate.

If such composite armor glass pane exposed to natural sunlight for a long period of, for example, a few years, the properties of the plastic layers may deteriorate. In particular, the transparent plastic layers of the bulletproof glass pane may become cloudier, thereby worsening their transparency to visible sunlight. Furthermore, a long exposure to natural sunlight can also lead to an increase in the brittleness of the plastic layers, whereby a solid composite of the known bulletproof glass pane can be impaired.

The object of the invention is to provide a glass pane construction, which reduces deterioration in properties such as cloudiness and brittleness due to solar radiation.

This object is achieved by the glass pane construction according to claim 1. Accordingly, the transparent glass pane construction according to the invention, which can be used in particular as armored glass pane in a motor vehicle, has a plurality of interconnected, transparent panes or layers of glass, ceramic or plastic and a transparent UV filter layer device or UV filter film for filtering impinging , ultraviolet (UV) radiation of natural sunlight. Thus, only a portion of the UV radiation or, ideally, no UV radiation can reach the panes and layers of plastic in order to reduce or even avoid negative aging effects of the plastic layers such as brittleness and cloudiness. Thus, the glass sheet structure of the invention has the distinct advantage that the specified, high transparency can be maintained even for a long period of use due to the UV filter device.

The UV filter device of the invention can at least partially absorb and / or reflect the UV radiation of the solar radiation in order to be able to ensure the filtering of the UV radiation.

Preferably, the UV filter layer device is effective in a wavelength range having a wavelength of the electromagnetic UV radiation between about 300 and about 400 nm in order to be able to suppress the UV radiation. However, visible light, that is, solar radiation in a range of wavelength of about 400 to 750 nm, is almost completely passed through by the UV filter as required for use as a vehicle window.

The glass sheet structure of the invention may have a UV filter layer device having one or more reflective layers for reflecting UV radiation. In particular, the UV filter layer device may have at least one cholesteric layer which reflects UV radiation.

Preferably, the UV filter layer device is present as a film prior to the composite production of the glass pane structure, since this film is relatively easy to handle. In addition, the film in the composite of the safety glass structure or the bulletproof glass can be correspondingly simple, built in or integrated as a thermoplastic film as an intermediate layer of the composite.

Preferably, the UV filter device has at least one cholesteric layer having a cholesteric compound or component or a cholesteric mixture of compounds or components in a cured state selected from:
at least one cholesteric polymerizable monomer; at least one achiral, nematic, polymerizable monomer and a chiral compound; at least one cholesteric crosslinkable polymer; at least one cholesteric polymer in a polymerizable diluent; at least one cholesteric polymer whose cholesteric phase can be frozen by rapid cooling below the glass transition temperature; and / or at least one achiral, liquid crystalline crosslinkable polymer and a chiral compound. These components are detailed in DE 197 45 647 A1 explained.

The cholesteric layer is preferably designed to have a reflection maximum at an ultraviolet wavelength λ in the range between about 300 and 400 nm. In particular, the cholesteric layer may have a reflection maximum at an ultraviolet wavelength of about λ = 350 nm, thereby enabling a safe fall in reflectivity towards the visible wavelength range.

Furthermore, the cholesteric layer may comprise a mixture of a chiral component and a nematic component, wherein the chiral component has a concentration of about 0.031 in the molar fraction or molar ratio and the nematic component has a concentration of about 0.969 in the molar fraction or molar ratio and the wavelength of the Reflection maximum in the range of wavelength λ between about 320 to 380 nm, in particular at about λ = 350 nm, is located. By adjusting the concentrations of these two components of the cholesteric layer, the maximum of the reflection of the UV filter can be determined relatively easily.

The UV filter layer device may comprise in combination a first cholesteric layer, a second cholesteric layer and a λ / 2-layer or λ / 2-foil, which is arranged between the two cholesteric layers, wherein the λ / 2-layer the circular polarization the incident UV radiation reverses and the two cholesteric layers may have the same or unequal pitch and same or unequal handedness to increase the UV reflectance. The UV reflection can even be significantly increased in a range of 80% to even more than 90%, wherein the transparency or translucence of the UV filter in the visible spectral range may even exceed 90%.

The substrate layers and thermoplastic layers used may each consist of a thermoplastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or preferably polyurethane (PU), since these are used as films for To be available.

An outer pane of the glass pane construction of the invention can be made of glass or glass ceramic, wherein the UV filter layer device directly adjoins the outer pane. An outer pane and at least one further pane made of glass, glass ceramic or plastic, in particular polycarbonate, may be provided, wherein the UV filter layer or UV filter film is arranged between the outer pane and the at least one further pane in a composite and to these immediately adjacent. The UV filter layer device of the invention can be a film, in particular an adhesive film, and be arranged between a first pane or layer and a second pane or layer of glass, glass ceramic or plastic, in particular of polycarbonate, in order to protect the following plastic layers or layers Ensuring composite layers against UV radiation.

Further advantageous developments of the present invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Further advantages, advantageous developments and uses of the invention can be taken from the following description of exemplary and preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:

1 a schematic partial sectional view of a glass pane construction of the invention in an exemplary embodiment as armored glass with a UV filter layer device; and

2 a schematic sectional partial view of a glass pane construction of the invention in a further exemplary embodiment as armored glass with a UV filter layer device.

The 1 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a glass pane construction of the invention in a preferred embodiment of the invention as armored glass 1 with a UV filter layer device 3 , which reflects UV radiation of natural sunlight. Bullet-resistant or bulletproof bulletproof glass 1 is constructed as a laminated composite disc and can be used, for example, as a windshield, side window or rear window of a motor vehicle or automobile.

The bulletproof glass pane according to the invention 1 has laminate-like, congruent glass panes 2 . 4 and 6 from z. B. bulletproof glass, the inner glass pane 6 vehicle inside, the outer pane 2 vehicle outside and the middle pane of glass 4 between the outer glass pane 2 and the inner glass pane 6 is arranged. An outside 10 the bulletproof glass pane 1 and thus the bombardment side of the vehicle is indicated by the arrow A in FIG 1 clarified on the outer glass pane 2 shows. Between the outer glass pane 2 and the middle pane of glass 4 extends the UV filter layer device 3 , which is multi-layered and reflects ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in the spectrum of natural sunlight, in the direction of arrow A on the outside 10 the bulletproof glass pane 1 or outer glass pane 2 incident. Between the middle glass pane 4 and the inner glass pane 6 is a composite layer 5 z. B. polyurethane or polyvinyl butyral arranged. On an inner surface of the inner glass pane 6 can still a layer sequence of a polyurethane layer 7 and a disc 8th be applied in polycarbonate in this order over the entire surface. An inside 11 the bulletproof glass pane 1 corresponds to the inside of the polycarbonate disc 8th , which is to prevent the entry of glass splinters into the interior of the vehicle. The bulletproof glass 1 has therefore seen a layer structure from the outside to the inside with the glass 2 , the multi-layer UV filter layer device 3 , the glass pane 4 , the composite layer 5 , the inner glass pane 6 , the polyurethane coating 7 and the polycarbonate layer 8th , All these discs and layers have a high transparency for visible light.

The multilayer UV filter layer device 3 has a first, outer polyurethane layer 3.1 attached to the outer glass pane 2 adjacent, a second, inner polyurethane layer 3.3 attached to the middle pane of glass 4 adjacent, and a UV filter layer 3.2 between the polyurethane layers 3.1 and 3.3 is arranged. The entire UV filter layer device 3 can be constructed as a film and reflects UV radiation in a wavelength range of about 300 nm to about 400 nm, which corresponds approximately to the UV-A range of UV radiation of natural sunlight.

The UV filter layer 3.2 has a cholesteric layer containing a mixture of a chiral component and a nematic component, wherein the chiral component has a concentration of about 0.031 in molar fraction or molar ratio and the nematic component has a concentration of about 0.969 in molar fraction or molar ratio. The wavelength of the reflection maximum of this mixture is approximately 350 nm, which gives a high reflectance in the UV radiation wavelength range of 300 nm to 400 nm.

und/oder N2

mit R = H, Cl oder CH₃ und n₁ und n₂ sind bevorzugt jeweils 2, 4, 6, usw. auf. Die chirale Komponente weist eine Verbindung mit der Formel C1

The nematic component can be a nematic monomer of the formula N1

and / or N2

with R = H, Cl or CH ₃ and n ₁ and n ₂ are preferably each 2, 4, 6, etc. on. The chiral component has a compound of formula C1

The UV filter layer 3.2 may also have additional components such as diluents, photoinitiators, binders and small admixtures of leveling agents.

Before the whole bulletproof glass pane 1 is produced in an autoclave under heat and pressure as a composite, the UV filter layer device 3 as a foil 23 produced. This is done on a film of thermoplastic polyurethane as a substrate according to the polyurethane layer 3.1 For example, with a squeegee a cholesteric UV filter layer 3.2 applied in a thickness of 30 microns in a wet process. The cholesteric layer 3.2 may be a mixture of the nematic monomer of formula N1 and the chiral component of formula C1 wherein the concentration of nematic monomer N1 is about 0.969 in mole fraction and wherein the concentration of chiral component C1 is about 0.031 in mole fraction. To improve the film formation, cellulose acetobutyral may be added. As the solvent, butyl acetate can be used. 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinoxid can be added as a photoinitiator in low concentration to the mixture. After applying the cholesteric mixture, after the solvent has escaped, irradiated by a UV light source to obtain a hardening of the layer. After that, another slide 3.3 or substrate layer of thermoplastic polyurethane on the UV filter layer 3.2 applied to the foil 23 as a UV filer layer device 3 provide.

The layers 3.1 and 3.3 or 5 and 7 may each consist of a thermoplastic material or sheet material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or preferably polyurethane (PU).

The thicknesses of the outer glass pane 2 and the middle pane of glass 4 can each be 4 mm, while the thickness of the inner glass pane can be 6 mm. The thicknesses of the layers 3.1 . 3.3 and 5 can each be about 1 mm. The thickness of the polyurethane layer 7 can be 1.9mm and the thickness of the polycarbonate layer 8th can be 2.5 mm.

As the UV filter layer device 3 UV radiation of natural sunlight reflected substantially or at least to a large extent, the UV radiation can be the subsequent layers 3.3 . 5 . 7 and 8th made of plastic, whereby negative aging effects of these plastic layers such. B. embrittlement and cloudiness can be prevented.

2 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a glass pane construction of the invention in a further exemplary embodiment of the invention as armored glass 1.1 with a UV filter layer device 3.5 , which reflects UV radiation of sunlight. Bullet resistant bulletproof glass 1.1 is constructed as a laminated composite disk and z. B. be used as a window glass of an automobile.

The bulletproof glass pane according to the invention 1.1 has laminated glass panes 2 . 4 and 6 where the inner glass pane 6 inside of the vehicle, the outer glass pane 2 vehicle outside and the middle pane of glass 4 between the outer glass pane 2 and the inner glass pane 6 is arranged. An outside 10 the bulletproof glass pane 1 and thus the bombardment side of the vehicle is indicated by the arrow A in FIG 1 clarified on the outer glass pane 2 shows. Between the outer glass pane 2 and the middle pane of glass 4 extends the UV filter layer device 3.5 , which is multi-layered and reflects ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in the spectrum of natural sunlight, in the direction of arrow A on the outside 10 the bulletproof glass pane 1.1 incident.

Between the middle glass pane 4 and the inner glass pane 6 is a composite layer 5 z. B made of polyurethane or polyvinyl butyral. On an inner surface of the inner glass pane 6 can still a layer sequence of a polyurethane layer 7 and a disc 8th be applied in polycarbonate in this order over the entire surface. An inside 11 the bulletproof glass pane 1.1 corresponds to the inside of the polycarbonate disc 8th , The bulletproof glass 1.1 has therefore seen a layer structure from the outside to the inside with the glass 2 , the UV filter layer device 3.5 , the glass pane 4 , the composite layer 5 , the inner glass pane 6 , the polyurethane coating 7 and the polycarbonate layer 8th , All these discs and layers have a high transparency for visible light.

The UV filter layer device 3.5 has a first, outer polyurethane layer 3:51 or another thermoplastic film attached to the outer glass pane 2 adjacent, a second, inner polyurethane layer 3:55 or other thermoplastic film attached to the middle pane of glass 4 adjacent, and a UV filter layer 3:56 between the polyurethane layers 3:51 and 3:55 is arranged in a laminated composite. The entire UV filter layer device 3.5 Can be used as a self-contained foil or composite layer before assembling the bulletproof glass 1.1 be constructed and reflects UV radiation of the solar spectrum in a wavelength range of about 300 nm to about 400 nm.

The UV filter layer 3:56 has a first cholesteric layer 3:52 and a second cholesteric layer 3:54 each containing a mixture of a chiral component and a nematic component and having the same handedness and pitch, wherein the chiral component has a concentration of about 0.031 in molar fraction or molar ratio and the nematic component has a concentration of about 0.969 in molar fraction or molar ratio , The wavelength of the reflection maximum of this mixture is approximately at a wavelength of 350 nm, whereby a high reflectance in the UV radiation range at wavelengths of 300 nm to 400 nm is given. The nematic component comprises a nematic monomer of the formula N1 and / or N2 and / or N3, as discussed in detail above 1 has been described. The chiral component in turn has a compound of formula C1 and / or C2. The cholesteric layers 3:52 and 3:54 may each contain additional components such as diluents, photoinitiators, binders and small admixtures of leveling agents.

The UV filter layer 3:56 still has a λ / 2 foil 3:53 or λ / 2 layer or λ / 2 plate between the first cholesteric layer 3:52 and the second cholesteric layer 3:54 is arranged in a composite. The λ / 2 foil 3:53 reverses the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized UV radiation that passes through it. Through this three-layer structure of the UV filter layer 3.6 Very high levels of UV reflectance of 80 to even over 90% and light transmission values in the visible spectrum of over 90% are obtained.

The UV filter layer device 3.5 is called a slide 33 made before the entire bulletproof glass 1.1 is laminated in an autoclave. In the case of UV filter film production, the film is based on a film of thermoplastic polyurethane or of another thermoplastic material as substrate corresponding to the polyurethane layer 3:51 for example with a squeegee the cholesteric layer 3:52 or UV filter layer applied in a thickness of 30 microns in a wet process. The cholesteric layer comprises a mixture of the nematic monomer of formula N1 and the chiral component of formula C1 wherein the concentration of nematic monomer N1 is about 0.969 in mole fraction and wherein the concentration of chiral component C1 is about 0.031 in mole fraction.

To improve the film formation, cellulose acetobutyral may be added. As the solvent, butyl acetate can be used. 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzenediphenylphosphine oxide can be added as a photoinitiator in low concentration to the mixture. After application of the cholesteric mixture, after the solvent has escaped, irradiated by a UV light source to obtain a curing of the layer. After that, on the cholesteric layer 3:52 the λ / 2 foil 3:53 placed.

On the λ / 2 foil 3:53 then becomes the second cholesteric layer 3:54 For example, again applied with a doctor blade in a Dikke of 30 microns in a wet process. Also the second cholesteric layer 3:54 contains a mixture of the nematic monomer of the formula N1 and the chiral component of the formula C1, wherein again the concentration of the nematic monomer N1 is about 0.969 in mole fraction and wherein the concentration of the chiral component C1 is about 0.031 in molar fraction. To improve the film formation, cellulose acetobutyral may be added. As the solvent, butyl acetate can be used. 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinoxid can be added as a photoinitiator in low concentration to the mixture.

After applying the second cholesteric layer 3:54 becomes after the escape of the solvent another film 3:55 of thermoplastic polyurethane or of another thermoplastic material on the second cholesteric layer 3:54 applied to the UV filter layer device 3.5 as a laminated film 33 or form composite layer.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1010963 B1 [0002]
• DE 19745647 A1 [0010]

Claims (10)

Glass pane construction, in particular bulletproof glass pane ( 1 ; 1.1 ) for use in a motor vehicle, comprising a plurality of interconnected, transparent panes ( 2 . 4 . 6 ) or layers ( 5 . 7 . 8th glass, ceramic or plastic, characterized by a transparent UV filter layer device ( 3 ; 3.5 ) for filtering ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Glass pane construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the UV filter layer device ( 3 ; 3.5 ) at least one layer ( 3.2 ; 3:52 . 3:54 ) or film for reflecting UV radiation. Glass pane construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the UV filter layer device ( 3 ) in a wavelength range having a wavelength of the electromagnetic ultraviolet radiation between about 300 and about 380 to 400 nm is effective. Glass pane construction according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the UV filter layer device ( 3 ) at least one cholesteric layer ( 3.2 ; 3:52 . 3:54 ) which reflects UV radiation. Glass pane construction according to claim 4, characterized in that the cholesteric layer ( 3.2 ; 3:52 . 3:54 ) has a reflection maximum at an ultraviolet wavelength in the range of between about 300 and 400 nm, and in particular at 350 nm. Glass pane construction according to claim 9, characterized in that the cholesteric layer ( 3.2 ; 3:52 . 3:54 ) has a mixture of a chiral component and a nematic component, wherein the chiral component has a concentration of about 0.031 in the mole fraction and the nematic component has a concentration of about 0.969 in the mole fraction and the wavelength of the reflection maximum in the range between about 320 to 380 nm, especially at about 350 nm. Glass pane construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV filter layer device ( 3 ) in combination a first cholesteric layer ( 3:52 ), a second cholesteric layer ( 3:54 ) and a λ / 2-layer or λ / 2-foil ( 3:53 ) between the two cholesteric layers ( 3:52 . 3:54 ), wherein the λ / 2 layer ( 3:53 ) reverses the circular polarization of the incident UV radiation and the two cholesteric layers ( 3:52 . 3:54 ) have the same pitch and handedness. Glass pane construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outer pane ( 2 ) is provided of glass or glass ceramic and the UV filter layer device ( 3 ; 3.5 ) to the outer pane ( 2 ) adjoins. Glass pane construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an outer pane ( 2 ) and at least one other disc ( 4 ) made of glass, glass ceramic or plastic, in particular of polycarbonate, wherein the UV filter layer device ( 3 ; 3.5 ) or UV filter foil between the outer pane ( 2 ) and the at least one further disc ( 4 ) is arranged in a composite and adjacent to this. Glass pane construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV filter layer device ( 3 ; 3.5 ) is a film and between a first disc ( 2 ) or layer and a second disc ( 4 ) or layer of glass, glass ceramic or plastic, in particular polycarbonate, is arranged.

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