DE102012002572A1 - Method for cohesive-connection of workpieces, involves bonding the bonding surface of one workpiece on bonding surface of another workpiece by heating the material with electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat - Google Patents
Method for cohesive-connection of workpieces, involves bonding the bonding surface of one workpiece on bonding surface of another workpiece by heating the material with electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012002572A1 DE102012002572A1 DE102012002572A DE102012002572A DE102012002572A1 DE 102012002572 A1 DE102012002572 A1 DE 102012002572A1 DE 102012002572 A DE102012002572 A DE 102012002572A DE 102012002572 A DE102012002572 A DE 102012002572A DE 102012002572 A1 DE102012002572 A1 DE 102012002572A1
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- workpieces
- workpiece
- connection
- bonding surface
- cohesive
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0018—Brazing of turbine parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/02—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like
- F16D1/027—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like non-disconnectable, e.g. involving gluing, welding or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
- B23K2103/52—Ceramics
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung befasst sich mit einem Verfahren zum stoffschlüssigen Verbinden von Werkstücken aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen, wobei mittels eines geeigneten Materials zwischen den Werkstücken die stoffschlüssige Verbindung durch entsprechendes Erhitzen dieses Materials hergestellt wird.The present invention is concerned with a method for materially joining workpieces made of the same or different materials, wherein by means of a suitable material between the workpieces, the cohesive connection is made by appropriate heating of this material.
Ein entsprechendes Verfahren ist aus der
Es besteht in bestimmten Anwendungsfällen ein Bedarf, Werkstücke unterschiedlicher Art dauerhaft miteinander zu verbinden, wobei aufgrund der Werkstoffeigenschaften oder der technischen Gegebenheiten übliche Verfahren nicht angewendet werden können. Beispielsweise sei die Verbindung einer aus einem Stahl bestehenden Welle mit einem Turbinenrotor aus einem keramischen Werkstoff genannt, wobei der keramische Werkstoff nicht in üblicher Art und Weise mit der Welle verschweißt werden kann. Grundsätzlich sind weitere Anwendungen denkbar, bei welchen sich eine oder beide zu paarende Werkstücke aufgrund ihrer Werkstoffeigenschaften nicht für Schweißverfahren eignen.There is a need in certain applications, permanently connect workpieces of different types together, due to the material properties or technical conditions, conventional methods can not be applied. For example, the connection of a shaft made of a steel with a turbine rotor made of a ceramic material may be mentioned, wherein the ceramic material can not be welded to the shaft in a conventional manner. Basically, further applications are conceivable in which one or both mating workpieces are not suitable for welding processes due to their material properties.
Die aus der
Bekannt sind auch Lösungen, bei denen ein Zwischenkörper zwischen einen Stahlkörper und ein Keramikbauteil eingesetzt wird, das jeweils durch Reibschweißen mit den beiden Körpern verbunden wird. Ein solches Verfahren ist aus der
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung von Werkstücken zu schaffen, dass das Einsetzen eines Zwischenteils zur Herstellung der Verbindung vermeidet.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for the material connection of workpieces, which avoids the insertion of an intermediate part for the preparation of the compound.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass das Material für die stoffschlüssige Verbindung dadurch zwischen die Werkstücke eingebracht wird, dass wenigstens eines der beiden Werkstücke an einer Verbindungsfläche mit dem anderen Werkstück mit dem Material für die stoffschlüssige Verbindung beschichtet wird, wobei der zur Herstellung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung notwendige Wärmeeintrag durch Elektronenstrahlen, Laserstrahlen, Reibschweißen oder Induktionswärme bereitgestellt wird.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the material for the cohesive connection is thereby introduced between the workpieces, that at least one of the two workpieces is coated on a connecting surface with the other workpiece with the material for the cohesive connection, wherein for the production of cohesive Connection necessary heat input by electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat is provided.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch das Beschichten des wenigstens einen Werkstückes das Material für die stoffschlüssige Verbindung bereits vor dem eigentlichen Fügevorgang in der gewünschten Menge und in genauer Positionierung an wenigstens einer Verbindungsfläche bereitgestellt werden kann. Dadurch wird der eigentliche Fügevorgang vereinfacht.It has been found that, by coating the at least one workpiece, the material for the integral connection can already be provided in the desired quantity and in exact positioning on at least one connecting surface before the actual joining operation. This simplifies the actual joining process.
Die Verbindungsstelle kann eine Axial- und/oder Umfangsfläche aufweisen, wobei im Falle einer Axialfläche der Fügevorgang denkbar einfach unter Andruck der beiden Werkstücke gegeneinander durchgeführt werden kann. Bei einer Umfangsfläche ist es zur Herstellung einer dauerhaften und belastbaren Verbindung zweckmäßig, den Durchmesser wenigstens einer Umfangsfläche der zu verbindenden Werkstücke durch thermische Beeinflussung zu vermindern bzw. zu vergrößern, um die Teile ineinander fügen zu können, ohne dass ein Einpressvorgang erforderlich wäre oder eine Spielpassung vorgesehen werden müsste, die das Fügeverfahren erschwert oder unmöglich macht.The connection point may have an axial and / or circumferential surface, wherein in the case of an axial surface of the joining process can be easily performed under pressure of the two workpieces against each other. In the case of a peripheral surface, it is expedient for producing a permanent and load-bearing connection to reduce or enlarge the diameter of at least one peripheral surface of the workpieces to be joined by thermal influence, in order to be able to insert the parts into one another without requiring a press-fit operation or a clearance fit should be provided, which makes the joining process difficult or impossible.
Für die Beschichtung der Verbindungsfläche wenigstens eines Werkstücks eignen sich grundsätzlich verschiedene Verfahren. Beispielsweise kann das Material zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung durch thermisches Spritzen, Elektronenstrahlverdampfen, physikalische Dampfabscheideverfahren (PVD) oder chemische Dampfabscheidungsverfahren (CVD) auf wenigstens einer Verbindungsfläche aufgebracht werden. Je nach Verfahren erreicht man eine sehr homogene Aufbringung des Materials, was später den Fügevorgang an der Grenzfläche zu dem anderen Werkstück vereinfachen kann. Je nach Anwendung können auch Verfahren bevorzugt werden, die einen schnellen Materialauftrag ermöglichen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch noch auf die Möglichkeit hingewiesen, das Material zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung auch durch Auftragen einer Lotsuspension vorzusehen, die ein Lotmaterial enthält und die durch Siebdruck, Besprühen, Eintauchen, Dispensen oder Roller-Coating aufgetragen wird. Bei den Abscheideverfahren ist als Vorteil zu nennen, dass in der Regel bereits eine hochfeste Verbindung zwischen dem Material für die stoffschlüssige Verbindung und dem beschichteten Werkstück erreicht wird, bevor der eigentliche Fügevorgang durchgeführt wird.For the coating of the bonding surface of at least one workpiece fundamentally different methods are suitable. For example, the material may be applied to the bonded connection by thermal spraying, electron beam evaporation, physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques on at least one bonding surface. Depending on the method, a very homogeneous application of the material is achieved, which can later simplify the joining process at the interface with the other workpiece. Depending on the application, it is also possible to prefer processes which permit rapid material application. In this context, attention is also drawn to the possibility of providing the material for cohesive connection by applying a Lotsuspension containing a solder material and by screen printing, spraying, dipping, Dispensing or roller coating is applied. In the deposition process is to be mentioned as an advantage that usually already a high-strength connection between the material for the cohesive connection and the coated workpiece is achieved before the actual joining process is performed.
Wie bereits erwähnt, eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verbinden von keramischen Werkstücken, d. h. für Verbindungen, bei denen wenigstens ein Werkstück aus einem keramischen Material besteht. Dies kann beispielsweise das Turbinenrad eines Turboladers sein, das in der Regel aus TiAl gefertigt ist, um den hohen Temperaturbelastungen im Betrieb zu widerstehen. Solche Keramikteile oder auch Keramikteile anderer Art können dann beispielsweise an Metallteilen aus Stahl wie z. B. 42 CRMO4,X45CRSI9-3,X22CRMoV121, Nickel-Basislegierungen oder Metallteilen aus artfremden Metallen angebracht werden. Solche Metallteile sind entsprechend dem zuvor angesprochenen Ausführungsbeispiel dann z. B. die Wellen von Turboladern.As already mentioned, the method according to the invention is suitable for joining ceramic workpieces, ie. H. for compounds in which at least one workpiece consists of a ceramic material. This may be, for example, the turbine wheel of a turbocharger, which is usually made of TiAl to withstand the high temperature loads during operation. Such ceramic parts or ceramic parts of other types can then, for example, to metal parts made of steel such. As 42 CRMO4, X45CRSI9-3, X22CRMoV121, nickel-based alloys or metal parts made of dissimilar metals are attached. Such metal parts are in accordance with the aforementioned embodiment then z. As the waves of turbochargers.
Als Material für die Herstellung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung eignen sich beispielsweise Nickel-Basislote, die hochfeste Verbindungen ermöglichen und auch bei Hochtemperaturanwendungen ausreichende Festigkeitswerte bereithalten. Der Wärmeeintrag in das Material zur Herstellung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung erfolgt in der Regel in das Werkstück, wobei das Material aufgeschmolzen oder wenigstens entsprechend erhitzt werden kann, dass das Material die zur Ausbildung der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung notwendige Temperatur erreicht. Die Temperaturen können hierbei bei bis 1100° für die Ausbildung einer reinen Lotverbindung oder bis 1400° Celsius für eine Schweißverbindung betragen.As a material for the production of the cohesive connection, for example, nickel base solders are suitable, which enable high-strength compounds and also provide sufficient strength values in high-temperature applications. The heat input into the material for producing the cohesive connection is usually in the workpiece, wherein the material can be melted or at least heated accordingly that the material reaches the temperature necessary for the formation of the cohesive connection. The temperatures can be up to 1100 ° C for the formation of a pure soldered joint or up to 1400 ° Celsius for a welded joint.
Im Falle des Auftragens einer Lotemulsion wird vorzugsweise ein pulverförmiges Nickel-Basislot in einem geeigneten Bindemittel supensiert.In the case of applying a Lotemulsion a powdered nickel base solder is preferably supersensible in a suitable binder.
Nachfolgend wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung eingegangen. Die Abbildung zeigt einen Teil eines Turbinenrades
Anschließend werden die beiden Werkstücke
Der Vorteil des beschriebenen Verfahrens liegt unter anderem darin, dass auch Werkstoffe in einem Fügevorgang miteinander verbunden werden können die sich auf herkömmliche Art und Weise nicht miteinander Verschweißen lassen, wie in dem beschriebenen Beispiel der Verbindung einer Stahlwelle mit einem Keramikbauteil.The advantage of the method described is, inter alia, that materials can also be joined together in a joining process which can not be welded together in a conventional manner, as in the described example of the connection of a steel shaft with a ceramic component.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102010006300 A1 [0002, 0004] DE 102010006300 A1 [0002, 0004]
- US 5431752 [0005] US 5431752 [0005]
- DE 102008059617 A1 [0005] DE 102008059617 A1 [0005]
- US 2006/0021221 A1 [0005] US 2006/0021221 A1 [0005]
- EP 1507062 A2 [0005] EP 1507062 A2 [0005]
- US 7241416 B2 [0005] US 7241416 B2 [0005]
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012002572A DE102012002572A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Method for cohesive-connection of workpieces, involves bonding the bonding surface of one workpiece on bonding surface of another workpiece by heating the material with electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012002572A DE102012002572A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Method for cohesive-connection of workpieces, involves bonding the bonding surface of one workpiece on bonding surface of another workpiece by heating the material with electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102012002572A1 true DE102012002572A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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DE102012002572A Ceased DE102012002572A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2012-02-09 | Method for cohesive-connection of workpieces, involves bonding the bonding surface of one workpiece on bonding surface of another workpiece by heating the material with electron beams, laser beams, friction welding or induction heat |
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DE (1) | DE102012002572A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013226618A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turbine rotor for an exhaust gas turbine and a method for producing the turbine rotor |
WO2016184639A1 (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | Evobeam GmbH | Method for producing a shaft-hub connection |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5431752A (en) | 1993-11-12 | 1995-07-11 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Friction welding of γ titanium aluminide to steel body with nickel alloy connecting piece there between |
EP1507062A2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-16 | BorgWarner, Inc. | Bonding of a titanium aluminide turbine rotor to a steel shaft |
US20060021221A1 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | Decker David M | Titanium aluminide wheel and steel shaft connection thereto |
US7241416B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2007-07-10 | Borg Warner Inc. | Metal injection molded turbine rotor and metal injection molded shaft connection attachment thereto |
DE102008059617A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotor for exhaust-gas turbocharger of internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has bush radially connected inside shaft and outside turbine wheel, where bush is soldered or welded with shaft |
DE102010006300A1 (en) | 2010-01-30 | 2011-08-04 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 | Process for the cohesive connection of a component made of titanium aluminide with a component of a foreign metal and cohesive connection |
-
2012
- 2012-02-09 DE DE102012002572A patent/DE102012002572A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5431752A (en) | 1993-11-12 | 1995-07-11 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Friction welding of γ titanium aluminide to steel body with nickel alloy connecting piece there between |
EP1507062A2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2005-02-16 | BorgWarner, Inc. | Bonding of a titanium aluminide turbine rotor to a steel shaft |
US7241416B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 | 2007-07-10 | Borg Warner Inc. | Metal injection molded turbine rotor and metal injection molded shaft connection attachment thereto |
US20060021221A1 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | Decker David M | Titanium aluminide wheel and steel shaft connection thereto |
DE102008059617A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotor for exhaust-gas turbocharger of internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, has bush radially connected inside shaft and outside turbine wheel, where bush is soldered or welded with shaft |
DE102010006300A1 (en) | 2010-01-30 | 2011-08-04 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 | Process for the cohesive connection of a component made of titanium aluminide with a component of a foreign metal and cohesive connection |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013226618A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turbine rotor for an exhaust gas turbine and a method for producing the turbine rotor |
WO2016184639A1 (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | Evobeam GmbH | Method for producing a shaft-hub connection |
DE102015006349A1 (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2016-11-24 | Evobeam GmbH | Method for producing a shaft-hub connection |
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