DE102011114902B4 - Alkyd resin and its use in coating materials - Google Patents

Abstract

An alkyd resin having silane substituents wherein at least 98 mol% of the carbon-carbon double bonds present in the unsubstituted resin in the fatty acid residues are reacted with a silane.

Description

The present invention relates to an alkyd resin and its use as a coating material, filler, additive, adjuvant, color coat, protective coating, scratch-resistant coating material, corrosion inhibitors, hair styling additive, binders in paints and building paints, putty, offset printing ink, industrial coating, low-temperature stoving, spray and Dip or floor finish.

Coating materials such as lacquers are liquid or powdery substances which are applied to objects in a thin layer and which, for example by chemical reaction, form a solid film adhering to the articles. Main components of the paint are binders, solvents, pigments, fillers and paint auxiliaries. Alkyd resins are often used as binders.

Alkyd resins are polyester resins modified with natural fats and oils and / or synthetic fatty acids. They are prepared by esterification of polyhydric alcohols, one of which must be at least 3-valent, with polybasic carboxylic acids. However, fatty acid-free polyesters of phthalic acid (anhydride) and glycerol are also often referred to as alkyd resins. Alkyd resins are formed in the esterification of di- and polyfunctional alcohols (eg, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol) with dicarboxylic acids (eg, phthalic, isophthalic, terephthalic, maleic -, adipic, dimer fatty acid) or their anhydrides and saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. Of course, fatty acids are often used as triglycerides (fats, oils) in alkyd resin production and incorporated via transesterification reactions.

The structure of an alkyd resin based on a polyester of glycerol with isophthalic acid incorporating linoleic acid is shown below:

Alkyd resins accordingly have aliphatic carbon-carbon double bonds in the side chains and optionally OH groups due to unesterified alcohols when using corresponding unsaturated fatty acids.

Air-drying alkyd resins polymerize under the influence of oxygen via the double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acid residues. The drying behavior depends both on the proportion and on the type of fatty acids incorporated in the polymer. Particularly reactive are polyunsaturated fatty acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids cure only very slowly. To accelerate the drying usually catalysts are added. These are usually metal soaps of cobalt or manganese.

The DE 699 07 431 T2 discloses coating compositions based on an air-drying alkyd resin with alkoxysilane groups. The coating composition is oxidative drying as a result of the incorporation of a large number of unsaturated aliphatic compounds using a photoinitiator.

The catalysts necessary for the curing of alkyd resin-based paints represent a problem, since they are toxic and can enter the environment during the processing of the paint or later by abrasion or weathering. It would therefore be desirable to provide a coating material and, in particular, an alkyd resin binder-based paint which does not require toxic or otherwise environmentally incompatible catalysts for curing.

It has now surprisingly been found that this and other problems can be solved by providing the alkyd resin with silane substituents so that at least 98 mol% of the carbon-carbon double bonds present in the unsubstituted resin in the fatty acid residues are reacted with a silane. These substituents allow the curing of the resin to form siloxane structures, wherein this crosslinking of the silane substituents to siloxanes can be carried out even at low temperatures using environmentally friendly catalysts.

The present invention thus relates to an alkyd resin having silane substituents according to claim 1.

Alkyd resins are understood to mean the polymers described above which are obtained by condensation of polyhydric alcohols, of which one must be at least 3-valent, with polybasic carboxylic acids with the addition of natural fats, oils and / or synthetic fatty acids. According to the invention, the alkyd resins used have no special limits. The alkyd resins may be chosen freely by the skilled person for an intended use. For example, such alkyd resins are commonly used as binders in paints. Corresponding alkyd resins are known to the person skilled in the art.

The silane substituents of the alkyd resin according to the invention allow direct, anhydrous curing by formation of siloxanes. This reaction is shown schematically below:

The siloxane formation takes place, for example, already at room temperature in the presence of a strong acid or alkali, such as sulfuric acid or alkali metal hydroxide solution. At somewhat higher temperatures, for example, about 80 ° C, the crosslinking in the presence of, for example, Lewis acids, such as aluminum hydroxide, and in the presence of weaker acids, such as acetic acid or phosphoric acid, the crosslinking takes place at activation temperatures of about 100 ° C. In addition, the substituents on the silicon atom allow additional fine tuning of the activation temperature required for cure and the properties of the unpolymerized alkyd resin.

In contrast to the customary in the prior art curing of alkyd resins via organic crosslinking by means of carbon-carbon double bonds, the curing of the silane-substituted alkyd resins according to the invention via an inorganic crosslinking reaction of silanes to siloxanes. If the alkyd resin according to the invention also contains carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid residues or other functional groups, however, the organic and inorganic crosslinking reactions can also take place in parallel with one another.

The silane substituents in the alkyd resin of the invention are not limited insofar as they are suitable for the desired inorganic crosslinking reaction. Corresponding silane substituents are known to the person skilled in the art and can be selected according to the requirements. The alkyd resin according to the invention may have one or more different silane substituents.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the alkyd resin has silane substituents having the formula: -L-SiH _3-n R ¹ _n wherein
L represents a bond or, preferably, an organic linkage to the alkyd resin radical,
R ^{1 represents} a halogen atom or, preferably, a hydrocarbon radical which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or be substituted therewith, and
n represents 0 or an integer of 1-3.

Suitable halogen atoms are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, with fluorine and chlorine being preferred. Suitable hydrocarbon radicals are all organic radicals which can be split off on crosslinking to give the desired siloxanes. Corresponding hydrocarbon radicals are not subject to any particular restrictions and are known to the person skilled in the art.

The number of substituents R ¹ in the silane substituents is not limited and can be freely selected by the skilled person from 0-3. For a smooth flow of the desired curing reaction, however, it is advantageous if the silicon atom carries 2 or 3 substituents R ¹ (n = 2 or 3 in the above formula).

Preferred hydrocarbon radicals R ¹ have 1-6 carbon atoms and 0-3 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and halogen. Suitable halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, with fluorine and chlorine being preferred.

Examples of suitable hydrocarbon radicals R ¹ are C _1-6 -alkoxy groups, C _1-6 -alkyl groups and C _1-6 -alkylcarbonyloxy groups. More preferably, R ^{1 is} independently selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl and acetoxy.

The silicon atom of the silane substituent is bonded to the alkyd resin moiety via a chemical bond or any organic linkage. Corresponding organic linkages are not subject to any particular restrictions and can be chosen freely by the person skilled in the art.

In one embodiment, L in the above formula of the silane substituent is a hydrocarbon radical of 1-20 carbon atoms which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or be substituted therewith.

worin
R² H, eine geradkettige, verzweigte oder cyclische C_1-6-Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylgruppe darstellt,
R³ und R⁴ unabhängig voneinander eine Bindung oder eine geradkettige, verzweigte oder cyclische C_1-6-Alkylengruppe darstellen, die mit einem oder mehreren Halogenatomen substituiert sein können,
X -NR⁵-, -O- oder -S(O)_m- darstellt,
m 0, 1 oder 2 ist, und
R⁵ wie R² definiert ist.The attachment of the hydrocarbon radical to the alkyd resin radical can be effected, for example, by means of an amino group. This is advantageous because a corresponding amino group can attach to the double bond in a fatty acid side chain of the alkyd resin. In this case, the organic linkage L preferably has the following formula:

wherein
R ^{2 represents} H, a straight-chain, branched or cyclic C _1-6 -alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group,
R ³ and R ⁴ independently represent a bond or a straight-chained, branched or cyclic C _1-6 -alkylene group which may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms,
X represents -NR ⁵ -, -O- or -S (O) _m -,
m is 0, 1 or 2, and
R ⁵ is defined as R ² .

Suitable halogen atoms are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, with fluorine and chlorine being preferred. For example, perfluorinated alkylene groups can impart particularly advantageous properties to the silane-substituted alkyd resins.

worin
R^2' und R^5' unabhängig voneinander H, eine geradkettige oder verzweigte C_1-4-Alkylgruppe, Cyclohexyl, Phenyl oder Benzyl darstellen,
R^3' eine Bindung oder eine C_1-3-Alkylengruppe darstellt,
R^4' eine C_1-3-Alkylengruppe darstellt, und
o 0 oder 1 ist.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the organic linkage L has the formula:

wherein
R ^{2 '} and R ^5' independently of one another represent H, a straight-chain or branched C _1-4 -alkyl group, cyclohexyl, phenyl or benzyl,
R ^{3 'represents} a bond or a C _1-3 -alkylene group,
R ^{4 'represents} a C _1-3 alkylene group, and
o is 0 or 1.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the silane substituents may be bonded to the alkyd resin moiety by means of a urethane group. This is particularly advantageous if the addition of the silanes to take place still free OH groups of the alkyd resin. In this case, a connection can be made simply by means of isocyanosilanes to form the urethane groups.

worin
R⁶ eine Bindung oder eine geradkettige, verzweigte oder cyclische C_1-6-Alkylengruppe ist, die mit einem oder mehreren Halogenatomen substituiert sein kann.In this embodiment of the invention, the organic linkage L preferably has the following formula:

wherein
R ^{6 is} a bond or straight chain, branched or cyclic C _1-6 alkylene group which may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms.

Suitable halogen atoms in this case are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, with fluorine and chlorine being preferred. Perfluorinated alkylene groups can impart particularly advantageous properties to the silane-substituted alkyd resin according to the invention.

In the above-mentioned formula, in a particularly preferred embodiment, R ^{6 is} C _1-3 -alkylene, such as -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, and -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -.

For example, the silane substituents on the alkyd resin according to the invention can be obtained by reaction of a functional group of the alkyd resin with one of the following silanes:
Aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-butylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Cl-Si (OR ¹ ) ₃ , wherein R ^{1 is} as defined above, H-Si (OR ¹ ) ₃ , wherein R ^{1 is} as defined above, N- (2-Aminoethyl) -N '- (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) ethylenediamine (TRIAMO), aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropylsilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DIAMO), N N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Benzylaminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Vinylbenzylaminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Vinyltrimethoxysilane, Vinyltriethoxysilane, Vinyldimethoxymethylsilan, Vinyltris (methoxyethoxy) silane, Vinylmethoxymethylsilan, Vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyl ltrimethoxysilan, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyldisulfidosilan, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyldisulfidosilan, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyltetroasulfidosilan, N-Cyclohexylaminomethylmethyldieethoxysilan, N-cyclohexylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, N-phenylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane, (methacryloxymethyl) methyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, (methacryloxymethyl) methyldiethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane , 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriacetoxysilane, (isocyanatomethyl) methyldimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-trimethoxysilylmethyl-O-methylcarbamate, N-dimethoxy- (methyl) silylmethyl-O-methylcarbamate and 3- (triethoxysilyl) propylsuccinic anhydride.

The number of silane substituents in the alkyd resin according to the invention is not particularly limited and can be freely selected by the skilled person according to the desired properties of the alkyd resin, for example, as a binder in a paint. However, according to the invention, at least 98 mol% of the carbon-carbon double bonds present in the unsubstituted resin in the fatty acid residues must be reacted with a silane.

In addition, for example, at least 70 mol% of the OH groups present in the unsubstituted resin may be reacted with a silane. The degree of conversion here is preferably at least 85 mol%, particularly preferably more than 99 mol% of the OH groups.

For preparing a silane-substituted alkyd resin as described above, an alkyd resin may be reacted with a silane. In particular, an organosilane is used as the silane, preferably those silanes are used which lead to the silane substituents described above, or which are mentioned above.

The silane-substituted alkyd resins according to the invention can be used, for example, as coating material, filler, additive, adjuvant, color coat, protective coating, scratch-resistant coating material, anticorrosive agent, hair styling additive, binders in paints and building paints, putty, offset printing ink, industrial paint, low-temperature stoving enamel, spray and dip varnish or floor varnish be used. Use as a coating material is preferred.

Under coating material is present z. As a paint, including powder paint understood. Corresponding coating materials may contain conventional ingredients such as additional binders, solvents, pigments, fillers and other known paint assistants. Furthermore, corresponding coating materials may contain, for example, matting agents, wetting dispersants, defoamers, waxes, biocides, preservatives, UV stabilizers and color pigments.

Suitable solvents include, for example, alcohols, acetates, ethers and water.

So that the desired inorganic crosslinking reaction in the silane-substituted alkyd resin according to the invention is carried out to harden the coating, the coating material preferably additionally contains a catalyst which is in particular selected from the group consisting of acids, bases, Lewis acids and Lewis bases. In particular, the catalyst can be present in the form of transition metal complexes or salts, wherein the catalyst can be used, for example, in the form of particles, preferably of microparticles or nanoparticles.

In a preferred embodiment, the coating material contains one or more catalysts in the form of a titanium, aluminum, tin, bismuth or zirconium complex, ortho-phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfonic acid, blocked sulfonic acid, cyclic or acylclischen Phosphoric acid ester, phosphoric acid diester, Phosphorsäuretriesters, phosphonic acid ester, phosphonic diester, blocked phosphoric acid ester, in particular amine-blocked phosphoric acid ester, or mixtures thereof.

The amount of the catalyst used is not particularly limited and can be freely selected by a person skilled in the art according to the desired curing properties of the coating material. For example, the coating material may contain up to 20% by weight of the catalyst, preferably in the range of 0.5-5% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating material.

Both the alkyd resin of the invention and the coating material preferably contain only small amounts of water in order to avoid unwanted crosslinking of the silane substituents prior to the actual curing of the coating. The alkyd resin or the coating material preferably contains no more than 10% by weight of water, for example at most 5% by weight of water, more preferably at most 1% by weight of water and particularly preferably no water, in each case based on the total weight of alkyd resin or Coating material. By "no water" is meant herein that the alkyd resin or the coating material does not contain more water than by the natural balance in contact with the surrounding room air.

The coating material may contain additional additives selected from the group consisting of fillers, matting agents; UV absorbers, color pigments, inorganic additives, organic additives, surface structuring additives, easy-to-clean additives and non-stick additives.

A coating on a substrate can furthermore be produced from the alkyd resin according to the invention, the coating material described above being applied to the substrate wet-chemically, in particular by spraying, dipping, flooding, rolling, brushing, printing, spinning or knife coating, or by evaporation in vacuo and then is hardened.

In an alternative embodiment, the coating material is applied to the substrate by powder coating and then cured.

Suitable substrates are, for example, metal, plastic, ceramic, lacquer, fabric, textiles, natural materials such as wood or leather, glass, mineral substances or composite materials.

The curing of the coating material after application can be carried out, for example, thermally or by UV radiation. If the curing takes place thermally, it can be carried out, for example, at temperatures in the range from room temperature to 1200 ° C., preferably from room temperature to 250 ° C.

The coatings obtained in this way are, for example, scratch-resistant, anti-corrosion, easy-to-clean, anti-fingerprint, anti-reflection, anti-fog, anti-scaling, diffusion barrier or radiation protection coatings or self-cleaning, antibacterial, antimicrobial, tribological coatings or hydrophilic coatings.

The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples.

Example 1:

100 g of Bosig-KYD K 3275-BAC are mixed with 1 g of triethylamine and homogenized. Thereafter, the mixture is heated to 75-80 ° C and at this temperature 5 g mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilanes are added. The mixture is further heated at 80 ° C for 4-5 h.

After cooling, the reaction mixture is diluted to 50% with butyl acetate. Thereafter, 4% by weight of Borch Kat 315 (Borgers) are added. The mixture is applied to a wooden plate and dried overnight at room temperature. The resulting layer is resistant to abrasion and weathering.

Example 2

100 g of a short oil alkyd resin (Worléekyd AC 2551 = 60% solution in xylene) are mixed with 5 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and mixed homogeneously. The reaction mixture is refluxed for 30 minutes at 140.degree. The re-cooling to room temperature takes place under anhydrous conditions. The reaction product is diluted in a weight ratio of 1: 1 by further addition of xylene (mixture of isomers) to a solids content of about 30%. To the solution, 3 g of the crosslinking catalyst x-add ^® KR 9006 (NANO-X, organometallic complex) is added with stirring and stirred for 5 min.

The resulting coating material is applied in a thin wet film on an aluminum component, so that a dry film thickness of 10-20 microns results. The formed layer is transparent, abrasion resistant and provides corrosion protection for aluminum.

Example 3 (Reference Example)

100 g of an OH-containing alkyd resin WorléeKyd CD 32 (60% solution in xylene) and 20.3 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane are stirred and treated with 0.03 g of Keverkat DBTL 161. It is then heated with stirring to 80 ° C and the reaction mixture is held for 30 min at this temperature. After cooling, it is diluted with 40.3 g of xylene to a solids content of about 50%.

20 g of the resulting resin are mixed with 20 g of 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2.0 g of x-add KR 9006 (crosslinking catalyst). The resulting coating material is applied to polycarbonate plates and cured at 80 ° C for 30 min. The resulting transparent layer of 15 μm dry film thickness shows good adhesion and abrasion resistance.

Claims (14)

An alkyd resin having silane substituents wherein at least 98 mol% of the carbon-carbon double bonds present in the unsubstituted resin in the fatty acid residues are reacted with a silane. An alkyd resin according to claim 1, wherein the silane substituents independently have the following formula: - L-SiH _3-n R ¹ _n wherein L represents a bond or an organic linkage to the alkyd resin radical, R ^{1 represents} a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or be substituted therewith, and n represents 0 or an integer of 1-3. An alkyd resin according to claim 2, wherein the hydrocarbon radical R ^{1 has} 1-6 carbon atoms and 0-3 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and halogen. An alkyd resin according to claim 2 or 3, wherein R ^{1 is} independently selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl and acetoxy. An alkyd resin according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein L represents a hydrocarbon radical of 1-20 carbon atoms which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or be substituted therewith. An alkyd resin according to claim 5, wherein the silane substituents are bonded to the alkyd resin residue through an amino group. An alkyd resin according to claim 5 or 6, wherein L has the formula:

wherein R ^{2 represents} H, a straight chain, branched or cyclic C _1-6 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, R ³ and R ⁴ independently represent a bond or a straight chain, branched or cyclic C _1-6 alkylene group may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms, X is -NR ⁵ -, -O- or -S (O) _m -, m is 0, 1 or 2, and R ⁵ is defined as R ² . An alkyd resin according to claim 7, wherein L has the formula:

wherein R ² and R ^{5 '} independently of one another represent H, a straight-chain or branched C _1-4 -alkyl group, cyclohexyl, phenyl or benzyl, R ^{3' represents} a bond or a C _1-3 -alkylene group, R ^{4 '} denotes a C _{1 -3} -alkylene group, and o is 0 or 1. An alkyd resin according to claim 5, wherein the silane substituents are bonded to the alkyd resin residue through a urethane group. An alkyd resin according to claim 5 or 9, wherein L has the formula:

wherein R ^{6 represents} a bond or a straight, branched or cyclic C _1-6 alkylene group which may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms. An alkyd resin according to claim 10, wherein R ^{6 represents} a C _1-3 alkylene group. An alkyd resin according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein the silane substituents are obtained by reacting a functional group of an alkyd resin with a silane selected from the group consisting of aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-butylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Cl-Si (OR ¹ ) ₃ , wherein R ^{1 is} as defined in claim 2, H-Si (OR ¹ ) ₃ , wherein R ^{1 is} as defined in claim 2, N- (2-aminoethyl) -N '- (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) ethylenediamine, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminoethylaminopropylsilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3- aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, benzylaminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinylbenzylaminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyldimethoxymethylsilane, vinyltris (methoxyethoxy) silane, Vinylmethoxymethylsilan, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyldisulfidosilan, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyldisulfidosilan, bis-Triethoxysilylpropyltetroasulfidosilan, N-Cyclohexylaminomethylmethyldieethoxysilan , N-cyclohexylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, N-phenylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane, (methacryloxymethyl) methyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, (methacryloxymethyl) methyldiethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltriethoxysilane methyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-Methacryloxypropyltriacetoxysilan, (isocyanatomethyl), 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 Trimethoxysilylmethyl-O-methylcarbamate, N-dimethoxy- (methyl) silylme ethyl-O-methyl-carbamate and 3- (triethoxysilyl) -propylsuccinic anhydride. An alkyd resin according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least 70 mol% of the OH groups present in the unsubstituted resin are reacted with a silane. Use of a silane-substituted alkyd resin according to any one of claims 1-13 as a coating material, filler, additive, adjuvant, color coat, protective coating, scratch-resistant coating material, corrosion inhibitor, hair styling additive, binders in paints and building paints, putty, offset printing ink, industrial coating, low-temperature stoving lacquer, spray and dip or floor finish.