DE102011111409B3 - Arrangement for determining degree of wear of grinding surface of grooved contact wire, has length measuring instrument that is inserted for determining degree of wear of grinding surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has a length measuring instrument that is inserted for determining the degree of wear of a grinding surface (8). The length measuring instrument is accommodated in a holding frame (30). The holding frame is formed as double bracket. The holding frame has a cross bar with a fixing-opening for fixing the length measuring instrument. The fixing-opening is formed in the cross bar. Two holding arms are extended perpendicular to the cross bar. The length measuring instrument is provided as a mechanical measuring instrument (50''') or an optical measuring instrument. An independent claim is also included for a method for determining degree of wear of a grinding surface of a grooved contact wire.

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement and method for determining the degree of wear of the grinding surface of a grooved-contact wire, which is held in a busbar.

A ceiling busbar is a special design of the overhead line. It can be described as a rigid catenary and consists of an elongated profile of a highly conductive metal alloy in which a contact wire made of copper is clamped. Ceiling busbars come u. a. in confined spaces such as in tunnels, in vehicle treatment plants or under bridge decks.

Ceiling busbars are for example in the DE 20 2004 009 420 U1 described.

When driving on a tunnel or other structure to which a ceiling busbar is attached, there are often disturbances in the power transmission from the overhead contact line to the pantograph of the vehicle and thus to the drive motor of the vehicle. These disturbances can also lead to sparking and arcing, which can disturb the radio traffic, for example. In order to ensure the trouble-free operation of contact wire and overhead conductor rail, preventive and corrective measures must be carried out at certain intervals. The contact wire wear in the busbar must not exceed 35% of the nominal cross section.

Non-contact optical measuring methods are known for controlling and monitoring contact wire wear. In the EP 2151667 A For example, an image processing method is used to determine the degree of wear. Furthermore, an arrangement is known, with which the grinding surface of a grooved road wire, which is clamped in a ceiling busbar, can be measured ( JP 2010-261 723 A ). The measurement is carried out without contact with a laser measuring device.

Starting from a ceiling busbar DE 20 2004 009 420 U1 The invention is based on the task of specifying a manually usable arrangement and a corresponding method, to determine the degree of wear of a held in such a busbar Rillenfahrdrahtes.

The object is achieved by features formulated in the arrangement and in the method claim. Preferred embodiments are shown in corresponding subclaims.

With the invention testing and maintenance measures can be made or prepared.

The analysis and dating of the wear rate on the contact wire in ceiling busbars is useful and important. Firstly, a prognosis can be made on the service life of the overhead line in overhead conductor rail. Second, a possible beveling of the ceiling busbar is prevented. Third, unexpected disruption and hazards in the operation can be prevented. Fourth, the cost of maintenance can be minimized by timely removal of vulnerable sites. For analyzing and dating the catenary wear rate, the invention offers a decided advantage.

An essential part of the arrangement according to the invention is a length measuring instrument, which is fixed in a holding frame designed as a double bracket.

The measurement of the grinding surface of a contact wire is carried out manually, in which the length measuring instrument with the holding frame is brought to or brought to a reference position in the busbar. A measured value results from the distance between the grinding surface and the reference position.

The measured value is a composite value composed of the following parameters: type and diameter of the grooved-contact wire, in particular position of the contact-wire grooves with respect to the center of the grooved-contact wire; far still details of the busbar, in particular dimensions of the cantilever arms (distance between the top of the cantilevers, or distance of the longitudinal groove to the tip of the clamping arms).

For measuring the grinding surface, a mechanical or optical length measuring instrument accommodated and fixed in a holding frame designed as a double strap is used.

The said double bar has a cross strut with laterally extending holding arms.

On the cross strut is located centrally in the cross strut a mounting hole for introducing and fixing the length measuring instrument. Perpendicular to the cross strut, two support arms extend, and at the front ends of the support arms is ever a measuring anvil for applying to a existing on the cantilevers of the busbar formed as a groove or surface reference position available. The axis of the attachment opening lies in the symmetry axis of the double bow, so that there is a measuring distance for that in the attachment opening taken longitudinal measuring instrument, which is parallel to the support arms and extending in the direction of the front ends.

The measuring instrument should be able to be fixed in a definable position in the attachment opening. The attachment may also allow rotation of the gauge relative to the double bar.

The measuring of the grinding surface is carried out in the switched-off state of the overhead line. The manual measurement, performed as a point measurement, is performed at continuous intervals along the busbar, with the length measuring instrument positioned by hand.

At the place of measurement, a captive marking should be applied, so that in this place a repetition of the measurement after a certain time is possible. It must be known in advance the dimensions of the ceiling busbar and the built-in contact wire. The measuring accuracy of a measuring device should be 0.01 mm.

The invention can be realized in several embodiments. The features mentioned below may be implemented individually or jointly according to the invention.

As special embodiments are claimed:
The length measuring instrument may be a micrometer screw, a fine button (a dial gauge) or an optical instrument or device, preferably based on the laser measurement. Fine switches are devices with a linearly movably mounted sensor in a housing.

The length measuring instrument can be designed with an electronic tap and with an electronic memory module for the measured value. For the electronic processing of the measured values, these can be uploaded to a computer in order to carry out the analysis.

One of the mentioned measuring instruments can be fixed in a definable position in the fastening opening. In an embodiment in which the measuring anvils are formed as a convex element at the front ends of the holding arms, the double hoop is brought from below to the formed in the busbar longitudinal grooves (under the cantilevers). The operation can be carried out with one hand. The distance between the measuring anvils is identical to the distance between the two longitudinal grooves. When using a dial gauge, the probe tip of the dial gauge touches the grinding surface, a measured value can be read and / or read out electronically.

When using a laser length measuring instrument, the measured value is obtained without touching the grinding surface. The measurement is due to the reflection of the rays at the grinding surface.

In the embodiment of the arrangement in which a micrometer screw is used, the measuring spindle of the micrometer screw is moved with the turning device of the scale drum to the grinding surfaces of the contact wire. The measured value (scale value) is read off the length scale.

In one of the preferred embodiments in which the measuring anvil is formed as a hook, the hooks serve to overlap and apply to the surface of the cantilevers. The double bow is thus not applied to the longitudinal grooves. According to the invention, two variants of this embodiment are proposed.

A first variant is that the hooks (measuring anvils) are rigidly attached to the front ends of the support arms. Here is the clear width between the two hooks greater than the outer dimension between the Kragarmen. The measuring arrangement can thus lead past the cantilevers from below. With a rotation of the measuring arrangement about the vertical axis of symmetry it comes to rest the support arms to the outer edges of the cantilevers and when lowering the measuring arrangement, the hooks lay from above on the top of the cantilevers, which forms the reference position for this measurement arrangement ,

A second variant of the measuring arrangement is that the clear width between the two hooks is smaller than the outer dimension between the cantilever arms; However, the clear width between the support arms is still greater than the external dimensions between the cantilever arms. At least one measuring anvil of this measuring arrangement is designed to be rotatable by 90 ° at the front end of a holding arm. The measuring anvil is thus pivoted by 90 ° before approaching the busbar, so that the measuring arrangement can be passed to the cantilevers without bumping. After the measuring anvils have been turned back to the starting position, this measuring arrangement can be placed on top of the cantilevers.

The bearing of the rotating measuring anvils can be equipped with a spring restoring force, so that the reverse rotation of the measuring anvils is carried out automatically after releasing the hooks.

The holding frame can be provided with a handle. The bringing of the measuring arrangement to the power rail for measurement can be carried out easily with one hand.

• – Heranschieben der Messanordnung an die Stromschiene,
• – Anlegen der Messanordnung an die Oberseite oder an die Unterseite der Kragarme,
• – Aufnehmen eines Abstands zwischen Tastspitze des mechanischen Längenmessinstruments und Schleiffläche des Rillenfahrdrahts, bzw. optische Abnahme des genannten Abstands mit einem optischen Längenmessinstrument,
• – Ableiten eines Abnutzungsgrads des Rillenfahrdrahts aus dem Messwert und aus Standardmaßen des Rillenfahrdrahts und der Stromschiene,
• – punktuelle Fortsetzung der Messung längs der Stromschiene und
• – Anbringen von unverlierbaren Markierungen am jeweiligen Messort an der Stromschiene, zur späteren Wiederholung der Messung am selben Ort, wodurch sich zeitliche Reihen der Abnutzung ermitteln lassen.

The measuring arrangement is used to a method for measuring the grinding surface of a grooved-contact wire. The following process steps are carried out here.

• - pushing the measuring arrangement to the busbar,
• - applying the measuring arrangement to the top or to the underside of the cantilevers,
• Picking up a distance between probe tip of the mechanical length measuring instrument and grinding surface of the grooved-contact wire, or optically decreasing said distance with an optical length-measuring instrument,
• Deriving a degree of wear of the grooved-contact wire from the measured value and from standard dimensions of the grooved-contact wire and the busbar,
• - Selective continuation of the measurement along the busbar and
• - Attaching captive markings at the respective measuring location on the busbar, for later repetition of the measurement at the same location, whereby temporal rows of the wear can be determined.

As already mentioned, the measured value is a composite value, which consists of the following parameters: type and diameter of the grooved-contact wire, position of the carriages grooves with respect to the center of the grooved-contact wire; far still details of the busbar, in particular dimensions of the cantilever arms (distance between the top of the cantilevers, or distance of the longitudinal groove to the tip of the clamping arms). Railway operators generally use standard grooved drive wires and standardized busbars. Their dimensions can be taken from the corresponding standard and / or data sheets and correlated with the measured values.

figure description

The invention is illustrated in several figures with different embodiments, which show in detail:

1 a measuring arrangement applied to a busbar,

2 : a double bar with two different measuring anvils,

3 : three different measuring instruments,

4 an arrangement using a dial gauge and

5 : a double handle with handle.

In 1 a bus bar and a measuring arrangement with a micrometer screw is shown. The busbar 10 is designed as a one-piece, longitudinally slotted profile that can be prepared by the pultrusion method. As the material, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used, which has good electrical conductivity.

The busbar 10 is in installation position on a tunnel ceiling on the horizontally lying plate-shaped cross member 12 attached. The busbar also has two mirror symmetry to an axis of symmetry 11 lying resiliently trained clamping arms 14 , Which protrude substantially perpendicularly from the cross member, and whose free ends are each provided in each case with a pointed clamping arm 16 continue. The tips grip the attachment of the contact wire 4 at the grooves 6 of the contact wire. Laterally from the clamp arms 16 are cantilevers from the symmetry axis 20 present, the cross member facing top 22 is flat and their pointing away from the cross member bottom 24 a longitudinal groove 26 having.

The longitudinal grooves serve as a guide for a movable contact wire insertion device, which spreads the clamping and clamping arms for inserting the contact wire. After installation of the contact wire, the grooves are open and accessible from below.

The contact wire is designed as a groove wire. At the pantograph facing side of the contact wire, the grinding surface forms 8th out.

For measuring the grinding surface, a mechanical or optical length measuring instrument accommodated in a holding frame and fixed is used.

The on the cantilevers 20 existing surface 22 , or the grooves 26 in the cantilevers 20 are the reference positions for the installation of the measuring instrument 50 ' . 50 '' . 50 ''' , The 1 shows one with the measuring anvils 40.1 hinged micrometer screw. The micrometer screw is inserted in the holding frame designed as a double bracket.

The 2 shows the holding frame 30 for receiving a mechanical or optical length measuring instrument. On the support frame 30 is a crossbar 32 formed, from the perpendicular in the direction of the measured contact wire two holding arms 35 extend. There is an opening in the middle of the crossbar 34 (Hole) for inserting and fixing the length measuring instrument available.

The measuring section 51 (see. 4 ) of the length measuring instrument extends parallel to the holding arms in the symmetry line 31 to the busbar. The grinding surface 8th of the contact wire is referred to as tactile or sensing surface of the measuring instrument.

In 2 are two types of measuring anvils 40.1 . 40.2 located. A first type can be considered a hook 40.1 be trained measuring anvil. Such measuring anvils may be fixed or rotatable attached to the forearms. A second type is convex. This, fixedly arranged on the support arms measuring anvil can be designed spherical. However, it is also possible for these measuring anvils to be designed as rollers, which in the case of installations on the busbar in the longitudinal grooves 24 are movable.

3 shows by way of example three different measuring instruments. In 3A a dial gauge 50 ' , With 3B a laser-based optical measuring instrument 50 '' and in 3C a micrometer screw 50 ''' ,

The measuring spindle 53 (Also called feeler pin) of the micrometer screw 50 ''' can be moved with the turning device of the scale drum to the grinding surfaces of the contact wire. The measured value (scale value) is read off the length scale.

The 4 shows the location of a fitted with a dial gauge support frame 30 in relation to the busbar. The distance 28 the measuring anvil is identical to the distance between the two longitudinal grooves. The measuring arrangement is brought from below to the grooves, wherein the probe of the dial gauge is acted upon and indicates a measured value.

In the 5 is an embodiment of a holding frame 30 represented, on which a handle 42 is trained. The handle points from the measuring section 51 path. Furthermore, in this figure, the distance relationship of the hooks on the respective measuring anvils 40.1 shown. The reference number B1 is the clear width between the hooks 40.1 , and reference B2 denotes the clear width between the holding arms. In 1 were two types of measuring anvils 40.1 and 40.2 shown. The guy 40.1 may be formed on the support arm end rigid or rotatable about an axis parallel to the support arm. The clear width B2 should be larger than the largest external dimension 24 between the outer edges of the cantilevers 20 (see. 1 ).

In the event that the width B2 is slightly larger than the external dimensions 24 , is at least one measuring anvil 40.1 rotatable by at least 90 °. One or both measuring anvils are rotated in this arrangement before pushing on the busbar to the outside, so that the holding frame can be pushed without abutting the bottom of the cantilevers over.

In an arrangement in which is dispensed with the rotation, and thus a possible measurement error source is avoided by the game in the hinges, the clear width B1 is in any case greater than the outer dimension 24 , The holding frame is in turn pushed from below to the cantilevers over. Now the holding frame is moved in left or right rotation until the holding arms abut against the outer edges of the cantilevers. After lowering the holding frame 30 put the hooks of the measuring anvils on the top 22 the cantilevers 20 at. The measuring process can then begin.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

4

Grooved contact wire

6

Contact wire groove

8th

grinding surface

10

conductor rail

11

axis of symmetry

12

crossbeam

14

clamping arms

16

clamping arm

18

sharpen

20

cantilever

22

Cantilever top

24

External dimensions cantilevers

26

Bottom with longitudinal groove

28

Distance grooves, distance measuring anvils 40.2

30

Holding frame (double hanger)

31

axis of symmetry

32

crossmember

34

fastening opening

35

holding arms

36

front ends

B1

clear width between the hooks

B2

clear width between the holding arms

40.1

Measuring anvil as a hook

40.2

Measuring anvil as a convex element (roll)

D

Turnability of the measuring anvil by 90 °

42

handle

50 '

gauge

50 ''

laser measuring device

50 '' '

Micrometer

51

Measuring Range

53

plunger

54

prod

59

laser light

70

Measurement line

Claims (8)

Arrangement for determining the degree of wear of the grinding surface of a grooved guidewire, which is held in a busbar, 10 ) as a longitudinally slotted profile with a horizontal position in the installation position Cross member ( 12 ), of which two are mirror-symmetrical to an axis of symmetry ( 11 ) lying clamping arms ( 14 ) protrude substantially vertically, the free ends are each in each one with tips ( 18 ) provided clamping arm ( 14 ), the tips ( 18 ) for fastening the grooved-contact wire ( 4 ) in grooves of the grooved guidewire ( 4 ), whereby the side of the clamping arms ( 14 ) from the symmetry axis ( 11 ) progressive cantilevers ( 20 ) are present, whose to the cross member ( 12 ) facing top ( 22 ) is level and whose from the cross member ( 12 ) continuing bottom ( 24 ) a longitudinal groove ( 26 ), characterized in that for determining the degree of wear of the grinding surface ( 8th ) in a support frame designed as a double bracket ( 30 ) recorded length measuring instrument ( 50 ) is inserted, wherein the holding frame ( 30 ) comprises: a transverse strut ( 32 ) with a center in the transverse strut ( 32 ) formed mounting opening ( 33 ) for fixing the length measuring instrument ( 50 ), • two perpendicular to the crossbar ( 32 ) extending retaining arms ( 35 ), • at the front ends ( 36 ) of the retaining arms ( 35 ) one measuring anvil each ( 40.1 . 40.2 ) for attachment to one of the cantilevers ( 20 ) of the busbar ( 10 ) existing reference position ( 22 . 24 ), and wherein the attachment opening ( 33 ) is designed such that a measuring section ( 51 ) in the mounting hole ( 34 ) recorded length measuring instrument ( 50 ) in an axis of symmetry ( 31 ) of the holding frame ( 30 ) parallel to the holding arms ( 35 ). Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the length measuring instrument is a mechanical ( 50 ' . 50 ''' ) or an optical measuring instrument ( 50 '' ). Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring anvils ( 40.1 ) on the double hanger ( 30 ) as a hook or as a convex tip ( 40.2 ) are formed on the holding arms. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length measuring instrument with an electronic tap ( 70 ) and formed with a memory module for the measured value. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clear width (B1) between the measuring anvils, or a clear width (B2) between the holding arms ( 35 ) is greater than between outer edges of the cantilevers ( 20 ) of the busbar. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one measuring anvil ( 40.1 ) at the front end ( 36 ) of a holding arm ( 35 ) is formed against spring restoring force by 90 ° rotatable (D) is formed. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the double bow ( 30 ) with a handle ( 42 ) is provided. Method for determining the degree of wear of the grinding surface of a grooved guidewire, which is held in a busbar, with an arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following method steps, • pushing the measuring arrangement to the busbar ( 10 ), • applying the measuring arrangement to the top ( 22 ) or to the underside ( 24 ) of the cantilevers ( 20 ), • recording a distance ( 51 ) between a stylus tip ( 54 ) of the length measuring instrument ( 50 ' . 50 '' . 50 ''' ) and grinding surface ( 8th ) of the grooved traveling wire ( 4 ), • derivation of the degree of wear of the grooved-contact wire ( 4 ) from the measured value and standard dimensions of the grooved-contact wire ( 4 ) and the busbar ( 10 ), selective continuation of the measurement along the busbar ( 10 ) and attaching captive markings at the respective measuring location on the busbar ( 10 ).

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