DE102011106524A1 - Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit - Google Patents

Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DE102011106524A1
DE102011106524A1 DE201110106524 DE102011106524A DE102011106524A1 DE 102011106524 A1 DE102011106524 A1 DE 102011106524A1 DE 201110106524 DE201110106524 DE 201110106524 DE 102011106524 A DE102011106524 A DE 102011106524A DE 102011106524 A1 DE102011106524 A1 DE 102011106524A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
light
light exit
exit
plastic material
entrance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE201110106524
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Luke Lu
Toshihiro Tokizawa
Ching-Yuan Hwang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE201110106524 priority Critical patent/DE102011106524A1/en
Publication of DE102011106524A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011106524A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/24—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/0008—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted at the end of the fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/08—Machine parts specially adapted for dentistry
    • A61C1/088—Illuminating devices or attachments

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Abstract

The light guide tube (30) has several optical waveguides each comprising light exit end and a light entrance end. A light beam enters the light entrance end and reemerges at the light output end. A plastic material which surrounds the optical waveguide is fixed to each other in position and forms the tubular structure, and comprises light entrance (32) and light exit (31). The light exit ends are arranged around the light exit.

Description

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

(a) Bereich der Erfindung(a) Field of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial, das zur Übertragung von Lichtstrahlen geeignet ist.The invention relates to a light pipe made of composite material, which is suitable for the transmission of light beams.

(b) Beschreibung des derzeitigen Standes der Technik(b) Description of the current state of the art

Arbeiten werden häufig durch nicht ausreichende Objektbeleuchtung erschwert.Working is often complicated by insufficient lighting of the object.

Wenn sich z. B. während eines zahnärztlichen Eingriffs Blut und Speichel in der Mundhöhle sammeln, kommt es leicht zu einer Einschränkung der Sicht, die den weiteren Verlauf der Behandlung negativ beeinflußt. Die Flüssigkeit muss dann mit Hilfe von Absaugeinrichtungen durch röhrenartige Gebilde abgesaugt werden.If z. B. accumulate blood and saliva in the oral cavity during a dental procedure, it is easy to limit the view, which adversely affects the further course of treatment. The liquid must then be sucked by means of suction through tubular structures.

Da der Pateint den Mund nur bis zu einem gewissen Grad öffnen kann, bleibt dem Zahnarzt häufig keine andere Wahl, als zu versuchen durch Drehen des Kopfs des Patienten die Beleuchtungsverhältnisse zu verbessern.Since the godfather can only open his mouth to a certain degree, the dentist often has no choice but to try to improve the lighting conditions by turning the patient's head.

Auch bei einigen anderen medizinischen Prozeduren, wie z. B. Spiegelungen des Körperinnern, Magenspiegelungen, Darmspiegelungen etc. treten ähnliche Probleme auf, die dann durch eine außen an der Sonde angebrachte Beleuchtungseinheit gelöst werden müssen.Also in some other medical procedures, such. B. reflections of the inside of the body, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, etc., similar problems occur, which must then be solved by an externally attached to the probe lighting unit.

Dies führt zu einer häufig nur schwer akzeptablen Verdickung der Sonde und wegen des vergrößerten Sondenkopfs zu Manovrierschwierigkeiten.This leads to a thickening of the probe, which is often difficult to accept, and to maneuvering difficulties due to the enlarged probe head.

Zusammenfassung der ErfindungSummary of the invention

Ziel der Erfindung ist eine rohrartige Struktur aus einem Kunststoffmaterial und Kunststofffasern, die Licht weiterleiten kann, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass wenn Licht an einem Ende eingeleitet wird, dieses am anderen Ende austritt, wobei am Austrittsende keine weitere Lichtquelle nötig ist, die das Gewicht erhöhen und das Manövrieren erschweren würde.The aim of the invention is a tubular structure made of a plastic material and plastic fibers, which can pass light, which is characterized in that when light is introduced at one end, it exits at the other end, wherein at the outlet end, no further light source is required, the weight increase and make maneuvering more difficult.

Ihre Konstruktion soll so einfach sein, dass sie an allerlei Arten von medizinischen Eingriffen angepasst werden kann.Their design should be so simple that it can be adapted to all kinds of medical procedures.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

1 Perspektivische Schemadarstellung der Erfindung 1 Perspective schematic of the invention

2 Längsschnitt durch die Ausführung der Erfindung nach 1 2 Longitudinal section through the embodiment of the invention according to 1

3 Längsschnitt durch die Erfindung, die Lage der optischen Fasern zeigend 3 Longitudinal section through the invention, showing the position of the optical fibers

4 Schematische Darstellung der Lichtaustrittsöffnung 4 Schematic representation of the light exit opening

5 Schematische Darstellung der Lichteintrittsöffnung 5 Schematic representation of the light entry opening

6 Die Erfindung nach Einstecken in einen Handgriff 6 The invention after insertion into a handle

7 Eine weitere Form des Lichteinlasses 7 Another form of light inlet

8 Der Lichteinlass aus 8 in der Draufsicht 8th The light inlet off 8th in the plan view

9 Schematische Darstellung einer Lichtquelle mit ringförmig angeordneten Leuchtelementen 9 Schematic representation of a light source with annularly arranged lighting elements

Detaillierte Beschreibung der bevorzugten AusführungDetailed description of the preferred embodiment

1 bis 4 zeigen ein erfindungsgemäßes Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial (30), das eine Anzahl Lichtwellenleiter (10) und Kunststoffmaterial (20) enthält. 1 to 4 show a light pipe according to the invention made of composite material ( 30 ) containing a number of optical fibers ( 10 ) and plastic material ( 20 ) contains.

Jeder einzelne Lichtwellenleiter (10) hat ein Lichtaustrittsende (11) und ein Lichteintrittsende (12), wobei ein am Lichteintrittsende (12) eingeleiteter Lichtstrahl am Lichtaustrittsende (11) wieder austritt.Each individual optical fiber ( 10 ) has a light exit end ( 11 ) and a light entry end ( 12 ), one at the light entry end ( 12 ) introduced light beam at the light exit end ( 11 ) exit again.

Das Kunststoffmaterial (20) umgibt dabei die Lichtwellenleiter (10), um sie in ihrer Lage zueinander zu fixieren und um die Rohrstruktur auszubilden. Die Lichtaustrittsenden (11) der einzelnen Lichtwellenleiter (10) werden dabei zu einem rohrartigen Lichtaustritt (31) zusammengefasst, wobei die Lichtaustrittsenden (11) in die Rohrwandung eingebettet sind. Die Lichteintrittsenden (12) werden analog dazu zu einem ebenfalls rohrartigen Lichteintritt (32) zusammengefasst.The plastic material ( 20 ) surrounds the optical waveguides ( 10 ) in order to fix them in relation to each other and to form the tube structure. The light emission ends ( 11 ) of the individual optical fibers ( 10 ) become a tube-like light exit ( 31 ), wherein the light exit ends ( 11 ) are embedded in the pipe wall. The light entry ends ( 12 ) are analogous to a likewise tube-like light entrance ( 32 ) summarized.

Die Lichtwellenleiter (10) sind in das Kunststoffmaterial (20) eingebettet, so dass Lichtstrahlen, die am Lichteintrittsende (12) in einen Lichtwellenleiter (10) eintreten von diesem weitergeleitet werden, bis sie am Lichtaustrittsende (11) wieder austreten.The optical fibers ( 10 ) are in the plastic material ( 20 ), so that light rays at the light entry end ( 12 ) in an optical waveguide ( 10 ) are forwarded by this until they at the light exit end ( 11 ) emerge again.

Die vorliegende Erfindung kann nicht nur als gewöhnliche Rohrstruktur benutzt werden, sondern es kann auch am Lichteintritt (32) eine Lichtquelle oder eine Bildaufnahmevorrichtung angesetzt werden, um entweder den Bereich vor dem Lichtaustritt (31) zu beleuchten oder zu betrachten. Das Kunststoffmaterial (20) kann dabei an die verschiedensten Einsatzfälle wie hohe Temperaturen oder aggressive Umgebung angepasst werden. Es ist daher ein Einsatz sowohl im Ingenieurwesen als auch in der Medizin möglich.The present invention can not only be used as an ordinary tube structure, but it can also be used at the light entrance ( 32 ) a light source or an image pickup device can be used to either the area before the light exit ( 31 ) to illuminate or to look at. The plastic material ( 20 ) can be adapted to a wide variety of applications such as high temperatures or aggressive environments. It is therefore possible to use both in engineering and in medicine.

Da es beim Einsatz der Erfindung nicht nötig ist eine äußere Lichtquelle anzubauen, wird das damit verbundene Schwererwerden des Endes vermieden und die Bedienung erleichtert. Bei invasiver medizinischer Behandlung braucht nur eine kleine Öffnung in den Körper des Patienten geschnitten werden, was anschließend die Wundheilung erleichtert.Since it is not necessary to use an external light source when using the invention, the associated heaviness of the end is avoided and the operation is facilitated. In invasive medical treatment, only a small opening in the body of the patient needs to be cut, which then facilitates wound healing.

2, 3 und 5 zeigen, dass es möglich ist die Lichteintrittsenden (12) alle an einer Stelle zum Lichteintritt (32) zusammenzufügen, was es erleichtert alle Lichtwellenleiter (10) mit einer Lichtquelle zu speisen. Ein einschlägiges Ausführungsbeispiel ist in 6 dargestellt. Dort ist die erfindungsgemäße Rohrstruktur aus Lichtwellenleitern an einem Handgriff H befestigt, in dem außerdem eine Lichtquelle L und eine Lichtübertragungseinheit T untergebracht sind. Das von L ausgesandte Licht wird am einen Ende von T aufgenommen und am anderen an den Lichteintritt (32) weitergegeben. Des weiteren kann in dem in 2 und 5 mit S markierten, nicht mit Lichtwellenleitern (10) bestückten Bereich des Kunststoffmaterials (20) eine mechanische Verstärkung durch Gewebeeinlagen oder mit Silizium- oder Zirkonmaterial vorgenommen werden. 2 . 3 and 5 show that it is possible the light entry ends ( 12 ) all in one place for light entry ( 32 ), which facilitates all optical fibers ( 10 ) with a light source. A relevant embodiment is in 6 shown. There, the pipe structure of optical waveguides according to the invention is attached to a handle H, in which also a light source L and a light transmission unit T are housed. The light emitted by L is received at one end of T and at the other at the light entrance ( 32 ). Furthermore, in the in 2 and 5 marked with S, not with optical fibers ( 10 ) equipped area of the plastic material ( 20 ) a mechanical reinforcement by fabric inserts or with silicon or zirconium material can be made.

Das Zusammenfassen der Lichteintrittsenden (12) an einem Ort ermöglicht es eine ausreichende Lichtzufuhr mit nur wenigen Leuchtelementen L zu erzielen und erlaubt damit eine Energieeinsparung. Bei geeigneter Ausführung der Lichtquelle L kann auf die Lichtübertragungseinheit T verzichtet werden.The summarization of the light entry ends ( 12 ) in one place makes it possible to achieve a sufficient supply of light with only a few light elements L and thus allows energy savings. In a suitable embodiment of the light source L can be dispensed with the light transmission unit T.

Bei der in 7 und 8 gezeigten Ausführung sind die Lichteintrittsenden (12) um den Lichteintritt (32) herum verteilt angeordnet. Dies erlaubt es, noch mehr Leuchtelemente einzusetzen, wobei jedes Lichteintrittsende (12) mit Licht versorgt wird. Ein Beispiel dafür zeigt 9. Jedes Leuchtelement kann selbstverständlich mehr als ein Lichteintrittsende (12) beleuchten.At the in 7 and 8th In the embodiment shown, the light entry ends ( 12 ) around the light entry ( 32 ) arranged around it. This makes it possible to use even more lighting elements, each light entry end ( 12 ) is supplied with light. An example of this shows 9 , Of course, each lighting element can have more than one light entry end ( 12 ) illuminate.

Der Lichtwellenleiter (10) kann außerdem entweder eine optische Mikrolichtwellenleitfaser oder jede andere Lichtwellenleitfaser sein. Ebenso ist ihre Anordnung, ob parallel oder über Kreuz, um die Festigkeit zu erhöhen beliebig.The optical fiber ( 10 ) may also be either a microlight optical fiber or any other optical fiber. Likewise, their arrangement, whether parallel or crosswise, to increase the strength is arbitrary.

Das Kunststoffmaterial kann ein Duroplast oder thermoplastisches Material, wie z. B. Kunstharz, Polyester, Phenoplast, Acrylkunststoff, Ethylene oder anderes sein. Es kann zwischen 3% und 70% des Gesamtvolumens betragen, der Lichtwellenleiteranteil am Volumen kann also zwischen 30% und 97% liegen.The plastic material may be a thermoset or thermoplastic material, such. As synthetic resin, polyester, phenolic, acrylic plastic, ethylene or other. It can be between 3% and 70% of the total volume, so the fiber fraction of the volume can be between 30% and 97%.

Claims (4)

Ein Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial, das folgendes enthält: – eine Anzahl Lichtwellenleiter, von denen jeder ein Lichtaustrittsende und ein Lichteintrittsende hat, bei denen ein Lichtstrahl, der am Lichteintrittsende eintritt am Lichtaustrittsende wieder austritt; – ein Kunststoffmaterial, das die Lichtwellenleiter umgibt und sie dadurch in ihrer Lage zueinander fixiert und welches die Rohrstruktur bildet, die einen Lichtaustritt und einen Lichteintritt hat, wobei die Lichtaustrittsenden um den Lichtaustritt herum angeordnet sind.A composite light pipe comprising: - A number of optical fibers, each of which has a light exit end and a light entry end, in which a light beam entering the light entry end exits at the light exit end again; - A plastic material which surrounds the optical waveguide and thereby fixes them in position to each other and which forms the tube structure having a light exit and a light entrance, wherein the light exit ends are arranged around the light exit around. Das Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial aus Anspruch 1, bei dem die Lichteintrittsenden alle an einer Stelle am Äußeren des Lichteintritts zusammengefasst sind.The composite light pipe of claim 1, wherein the light entry ends are all gathered at one location on the exterior of the light entrance. Das Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial aus Anspruch 1, bei dem die Lichteintrittsenden um das Äußere des Lichteintritts angeordnet sind.The composite light pipe of claim 1, wherein the light entry ends are disposed around the exterior of the light entrance. Das Lichtleitrohr aus Verbundmaterial aus Anspruch 1, bei dem das Kunststoffmaterial ein durch Hitze härtbarer Kunststoff oder ein Thermoplast ist.The composite fiber optic tube of claim 1, wherein the plastic material is a thermosetting plastic or a thermoplastic.
DE201110106524 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit Withdrawn DE102011106524A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110106524 DE102011106524A1 (en) 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110106524 DE102011106524A1 (en) 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE102011106524A1 true DE102011106524A1 (en) 2013-01-10

Family

ID=47426534

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE201110106524 Withdrawn DE102011106524A1 (en) 2011-07-04 2011-07-04 Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102011106524A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866599A (en) * 1972-01-21 1975-02-18 Univ Washington Fiberoptic catheter
DE69225242T2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1998-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind HOLLOW OPTICAL MULTI-CORE FIBER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
DE102005051207A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-19 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg Endoscope and method for its production

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866599A (en) * 1972-01-21 1975-02-18 Univ Washington Fiberoptic catheter
DE69225242T2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1998-12-24 Asahi Chemical Ind HOLLOW OPTICAL MULTI-CORE FIBER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
DE102005051207A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-19 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg Endoscope and method for its production

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE1791141C3 (en) Endoscope with a summary of lines led out of the control housing
DE2915425C2 (en) Suction control device for an endoscope
DE3023266A1 (en) WOUND HOOK FOR SURGICAL PURPOSES
DE3784340T2 (en) ELECTRONIC VIDEO DENTAL CAMERA.
DE8808299U1 (en) endoscope
DE2636510A1 (en) ENDOSCOPE, IN PARTICULAR RECTOSCOPE
EP0369936A1 (en) Endoscope
DE2743781A1 (en) ENDOSCOPE
DE102007049239A1 (en) Endo probe for microsurgery i.e. eye surgery, has optical fibers, into which laser light is directly injected, and casing, where coupling of illuminating light is provided in casing or transparent form element over optical element
DE2203357B2 (en) OTOSCOPE WITH LIBRARY FIBER BUNDLE
DE102011106524A1 (en) Light guide tube for transmission of light beam, has plastic material which surrounds optical waveguide and forms tubular structure, and comprises light entrance and light exit, so that light exit ends are arranged around light exit
EP0236867A2 (en) Device for connecting an endoscope or technoscope having an optical-fibre bundle to an optical cable, and method of making it
DE10242607B4 (en) Endoscope with fiber bundle
DE29609565U1 (en) Foil tube cover for medical devices
DE102013226019A1 (en) Endoscope with adjustable viewing direction
DE3834156A1 (en) Medical endoscope
DE2949422C2 (en)
AT392898B (en) MEDICAL OR DENTAL HANDPIECE WITH A LONG-STRETCHED LIGHT GUIDE IN THE FORM OF A GLASS OR FIBERGLASS STICK
DE4306553A1 (en) Surgical arrangement
DE20211713U1 (en) instrument
DE9215725U1 (en) Device for lighting and inspection of cavities and gaps
DE10330177A1 (en) A medical endoscope has a single bundle of non parallel illumination and imaging fibres with once only calibration imaging fibre input and output positions for a matrix camera
DE102014213568B4 (en) Endoscopes with several optical fiber bundles
DE202011052047U1 (en) Medical obturator and medical trocar
WO1995023575A1 (en) Hollow inlet moulding for a whirlpool or swimming pool

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
R012 Request for examination validly filed
R082 Change of representative

Representative=s name: MEYER & PARTNER GBR, DE

R016 Response to examination communication
R119 Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee