DE102011088664A1 - Electromechanical shifting device for use in e.g. automated gearbox of electrically-driven axle in electrical car, has spindle device comprising spindle element, where spindle device and shifting element are supported in housing part - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an electromotor (1) provided with a drive element (2) that rotates around a motor axis (MX) during operation of the electromotor. A spindle device (3) comprises a spindle element (4) that is rotatably arranged around a spindle axis (SX). A nut element (5) is coupled with a shifting element (6). The electromotor and the spindle device are arranged such that the motor and spindle axes are aligned transverse to each other. The spindle device and the shifting element are supported in a gear housing part (12) i.e. plate structure, that forms a component of a gearbox housing. The shifting element is designed as a shifting fork or a shifting rocker. The nut element is designed as a ball rotating nut.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to an electromechanical switching device for a manual transmission as such serves to position a coupling or coupling member of the gearbox axially and to spend this gearbox thereby in a required switching state.

Background of the invention

Out EP 0 481 168 A1 For example, an electromechanical shift device for a manual transmission is known which comprises a threaded spindle and a shift fork. The shift fork is translationally displaceable by those threaded spindle and thus positioned accordingly. The drive of the threaded spindle is accomplished via an electric motor whose rotor shaft is arranged axially parallel to the threaded spindle. The rotor shaft is coupled via a toothed belt drive with that threaded spindle.

Through the use of electromechanically operating switching devices in manual transmissions arise over switching devices which are operated in conjunction with external linkage, certain design freedom. Overall, the previously realized electromechanical switching devices in their construction are relatively complex and expensive from production and assembly technical point of view.

Object of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide an electromechanical switching device, which is characterized by a compact design and advantageous mechanical performance and is advantageous in manufacturing and assembly technical point of view produced.

Inventive solution

• – einem Elektromotor mit einem Abtriebsorgan das bei Betrieb des Elektromotors um eine Motorachse umläuft,
• – einer Spindeleinrichtung mit einem um eine Spindelachse drehbar gelagerten Spindelelement, und einem darauf geführten Mutterelement,
• – einem als Schaltgabel oder Schaltwippe ausgeführten Schaltorgan das mit dem Mutterelement gekoppelt ist und nach Maßgabe der Position des Mutterelementes auf der Spindeleinrichtung eine entsprechende Schaltstellung einnimmt, und
• – einem Koppelungsgetriebe zur Koppelung des Abtriebsorgans des Elektromotors mit der Spindeleinrichtung,
• – wobei der Elektromotor und die Spindeleinrichtung über das Koppelungsgetriebe derart gekoppelt sind, dass die Motorachse und die Spindelachse zueinander quer ausgerichtet sind, und
• – sowohl die Spindeleinrichtung als auch das Schaltorgan in einem Getriebegehäuseteil gelagert sind das als solches Bestandteil eines Schaltgetriebegehäuses bildet.

This object is achieved by an electromechanical switching device for a manual transmission, with:

• An electric motor with a driven member that revolves around a motor axis during operation of the electric motor,
• A spindle device having a spindle element rotatably mounted about a spindle axis, and a nut element guided thereon,
• - An executed as a shift fork or rocker switch member which is coupled to the nut member and assumes a corresponding switching position in accordance with the position of the nut member on the spindle device, and
• A coupling gear for coupling the output member of the electric motor to the spindle device,
• - Wherein the electric motor and the spindle device are coupled via the coupling gear such that the motor axis and the spindle axis are aligned transversely to each other, and
• - Both the spindle device and the switching member are mounted in a gear housing part which forms as such part of a transmission housing.

This makes it possible in an advantageous manner to provide an electromechanically switchable transmission, in which an advantageous translation between the output member of the electric motor and the spindle device is achieved and the spindle device and the rocker or shift fork to each other geometrically stored correctly in an overall highly rigid, anyway required gear housing part are.

According to the invention, an electromechanical actuator is provided whose components are integrated in the housing of a gearbox and serve to actuate a switching unit. The actuator according to the invention is suitable in a particularly advantageous manner for actuating a switching unit in a coaxial planetary gear which is driven for example by an electric motor or other drive means. The actuator according to the invention makes it possible in an advantageous manner to achieve a translational movement of a shift fork, or pivoting of a rocker switch by a mechanism with a rotary drive.

The invention is based on the integration of an electromechanical actuator with ball screw in a required anyway in a manual transmission housing part, in particular a provided for completing a pot housing element cover part as such forms a shaft passage opening. This cover part preferably acts as a supporting structural component of the gearbox housing and is provided with stiffening ribs and a high carrying flange. An additional device for attaching the actuator such as a separate actuator housing can be omitted based on the solution concept of the invention. The invention is particularly suitable for automated manual transmissions, for so-called E-axes. electric powered axles for electric vehicles, for hybrid vehicle transmissions and for dual clutch transmissions.

Scope of the invention is on the one hand, the structure and the arrangement of the mechanism itself and additionally the integration into a correspondingly adapted gear housing without additional Use of an actuator housing. This eliminates interfaces to tune the mechanism to be actuated switching unit and avoid the otherwise associated costs (assembly costs, manufacturing costs). Thus, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the electric motor and the spindle element are arranged such that the vertical projections of the motor axis and the spindle axis in a parallel to these two axes projection surface, lele projection surface are mutually perpendicular. The motor axis and the spindle axis can be arranged so that they lie in a common plane and are perpendicular to each other. Alternatively, the two axes may also be offset from one another, so that these axes are perpendicular to each other, but the motor axis passes by a certain offset dimension on the spindle axis. The resulting rolling conditions can be borne by corresponding geometric design of the meshing gear members, in particular toothed or worm gears.

The output member and the lock element according to the invention are coupled to each other via an angle gear. This bevel gear is preferably designed such that it comprises a spindle drive gear which is seated on the spindle element, in particular pressed onto an end region thereof. The angle gear further includes a drive pinion which engages with the aforementioned spindle drive gear. This bevel gear may in particular be formed as a bevel gear by which also a translation, i. Reduction of the speed and increasing the torque on the spindle element is achieved. This bevel gear can also be designed as a worm gear, or as a hypoid gear.

According to a particular aspect of the present invention, the spindle element is preferably supported axially via a fixed bearing, wherein this bearing is preferably located on the side of the spindle drive gear. This bearing is preferably designed as a rolling bearing, in particular as deep groove ball bearings. This bearing can be realized in a particularly advantageous manner by a Wälzkörperlaufbahn, in particular a track groove is formed directly on the seated on the spindle element spindle drive gear. The bearing outer ring of this bearing can form an integral part of a mounting flange over which the storage can be fixed in a housing component.

The Stellkraftabgriff of the spindle member is preferably carried out by a seated on the spindle member and guided by the spindle element nut member. This nut element can be embodied as a recirculating ball nut which, as such, has a high kinetic efficiency, i. smoothly on the spindle element is axially movable.

This nut member is preferably provided with an engaging portion in which a driving portion engages. The engaging portion and engaging in this driver portion may be designed so that an anti-rotation of the nut member is achieved. The driver portion may be formed directly on a linearly displaceable shift fork, or on a pivotable rocker switch. In the latter case, the engagement portion and the driver portion are preferably designed so that the driver portion relative to the engagement portion is tilted. This Verkippbarkeit can be achieved in particular by the driver portion is formed as engaging in the nut member fork, which contacts the nut member via spherical contact zones which are formed on the nut member.

The switching device is designed so that it is combined via the gear housing part to form an assembly, said gear housing part provides the bearings of the shift fork, the bearing points of the spindle device and a recording of the electric motor. This gear housing element may form part of a gearbox housing manufactured in Topfbauweise.

The electric motor is preferably designed as an internal rotor motor, wherein the output pinion may be cut directly into the rotor shaft, or may be pressed onto this. The electric motor can be designed as a stepper motor. The actuator may be equipped with position detectors or end and neutral position detectors which can detect signals that may be considered in activating the electric motor. Preferably, the motor current is still detected. The control of the electric motor can continue taking account of the tor can also continue taking into account the current operating state of the transmission device, in particular the synchronous state of the coupling or to be decoupled gear members. It is possible for a shift operation to temporarily tune the drive or coasting moments acting on the transmission in such a way that the shifting process is carried out temporarily without load or jerk and with high synchronous operation.

The invention relates generally to an electromechanical switching device for a manual transmission in which an electric motor and an adjusting spindle coupled via an angle gear and directly in a modified accordingly Housing part of the gearbox are mounted, wherein the adjusting spindle within the gear housing and the electric motor of the switching device is preferably outside the gear housing.

Brief description of the figures

Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. It shows:

1 a detailed sectional view of a switching device according to the invention of a gearbox,

2 a perspective view of a gear housing element as such provides the bearings for the spindle drive and the shift fork;

3 a perspective view of the electric motor, the spindle drive and thereby actuated shift fork;

4 a perspective view of the inventively designed transmission housing part with mounted therein switching mechanism.

Detailed description of the figures

1 shows an inventive electromechanical switching device of a gearbox. This switching device comprises an electric motor 1 with a driven element 2 that during operation of the electric motor 1 revolving around a motor axis MX. Furthermore, the switching device comprises a spindle device 3 with a spindle element rotatably mounted about a spindle axis SX 4 , and a parent element guided on it 5 ,

The nut element 5 is with a running here as a shift fork device switching device 6 coupled so that this in accordance with the position of the nut member 5 on the spindle element 4 a corresponding switching position occupies. The electric motor 1 and the spindle device 3 are arranged such that the motor axis MX and the spindle axis SX are aligned transversely to each other. Both the spindle device 3 as well as the switching fork device designed as a switching device 6 are directly in a transmission housing part 12 stored.

In the embodiment shown here are the electric motor 1 and the spindle element 4 arranged such that they are perpendicular to each other in a vertical projection of the motor axis MX and the spindle axis SX in a parallel to these two axes projection surface.

The output organ 2 and the locker element 4 are coupled via an angle gear WG. The angle gear WG here comprises a spindle drive gear 7 that on the spindle element 4 sitting. The drive element 2 is designed as a drive pinion with the spindle drive gear 7 engaged.

The spindle element 4 is about a camp 8th axially supported. This camp 8th is located on the side of the spindle drive gear 7 , The camp 8th is designed as a rolling bearing, in which case directly to the spindle drive gear 7 on an outer peripheral surface of the gear body, a rolling body raceway nine is trained. The rolling bearing is designed here as a deep groove ball bearing and includes balls 10 which are guided in a cage device. The camp 8th further includes a bearing flange 11 about which the camp 8th in the transmission housing part 12 is fixed.

On his the camp 8th opposite side is the spindle element 4 in a radial warehouse 13 supported. This radial bearing 13 can be designed as a sliding or needle bearing and also sits in the gear housing part 12 ,

The nut element used here 5 is designed as a ball nut and thus smoothly through the spindle element 4 positionable. The rotation of the nut member 5 becomes in interaction with the shift fork device 6 reached. This shift fork device 6 is in the gear housing part 12 mounted so that this about a shift fork axis GX (see 3 ) is pivotable. The transmission housing part 12 is designed such that this the bearings of the shift fork device 6 , the bearings and attachment points of the spindle device 3 (more precisely: bearing point with respect to the floating bearing, fixing point with respect to the flange 11 ) and a recording of the electric motor 1 provides. The electric motor 1 is here designed as an internal rotor motor and the output member 2 is designed as a pinion cut into the rotor shaft.

In the embodiment shown here is the mother element 5 in its furthest shifted to the spindle drive gear end position. The shift fork device 6 has an engagement portion 14 on the with a driver section 15 of the mother element 5 engaged. On the nut element 5 For this purpose, spaced from one another, leaving an engagement gap, mutually facing, spherical contact flanks are formed.

In 2 is in the form of a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the transmission housing part according to the invention 12 shown. The transmission housing part 12 forms part a Planetenradschaltgetriebes and thereby forms a bottom portion 12a with a center opening 12b through which in the installed state, a shaft arrangement is passed.

The transmission housing part 12 continues to form a ring edge 12c which several flange holes 12d has over which the transmission housing part 12 axially attachable to a pot housing which can accommodate, for example, an axle differential.

The transmission housing part 12 forms a receiving opening in which the in 1 illustrated electric motor 1 can be used in sections. The electric motor 1 will be in this receiving opening 12e positioned so that its drive pinion in the here recognizable receiving area 12f the spindle device dips. In this recording area 12f forms the gear housing part 12 a bearing bore 12g in which an end portion of the spindle element 4 (see. 1 ) can be used in conjunction with a bushing. The recording area 12f continues to form a seat section 12g on which the stationary bearing flange 11 the fixed bearing of the spindle device 3 can be placed. The attachment of that bearing flange 11 done by screws in the here recognizable holes 12h plunge.

The transmission housing part 12 continues to form bearing bores 12i . 12k in which the following in connection with 3 Shifter fork described 6 is pivotally mounted. The transmission housing part 12 acts on the one hand as a housing part of a planetary gear and on the other hand as a bearing structure for supporting the components of the actuator device according to the invention. By the storage of the movable components of the actuator in the gear housing part 12 It is possible to maintain close tolerances of the actuator actuator relative to the actuated by these transmission components.

In 3 are in the form of a perspective view of the components of the actuator device according to the invention omitting the above in connection with 2 described gear housing parts 12 illustrated. According to the invention, the electric motor drives 1 (Actuator motor) via an angle gear WG designed as a crown gear a bilaterally mounted ball screw 4 with the mother sitting on this 5 by the resulting axial movement form-fitting the shift fork 6 actuated. This can be designed as a linearly displaceable shift fork or schwenkbewegbare shift fork (and rocker switch). The shift fork or rocker switch is form-fitting with a in 4 shown sliding sleeve 50 connected via a toothed contact the associated transmission and can turn off. The design can be used for common synchronizing switching units, but also other applications. For example, jaw clutches or other applications requiring generation of translational motions to travel multiple switch positions of a coupling member. The crown gear stage consists of a pinion which with the rotor shaft of the actuator motor 1 is connected and a crown wheel in addition to the inner ring of a deep groove ball bearing (which supports the ball screw) is. The integration of the actuator in the gear housing part 12 done by a flange connection 51 the actuator motor 1 with the gear housing part 12 is connected. The floating bearing of the ball screw (needle sleeve HK) is also located in the gear housing part 12 , Subsequently, the ball screw KGT with the flange bearing 11 is connected by selbiges with the gear housing part 12 connected. Finally, the rocker switch 6 with the sliding sleeve in the KGT nut 5 plugged and over two fitting screws 52 . 53 stored additionally sealed. With the sliding shoes 16 are preferably known per se serial parts. In the pivot point of the rocker switch 6 become bushings 54 . 55 pressed.

In 4 is in the form of a perspective view of the inventive electromechanical switching device now with the gear housing part 12 and by the switching device selectively axially displaceable gear shift member 50 shown. As already regards 1 executed, the switching device according to the invention comprises an electric motor 1 with an output mechanism that can not be identified here 2 that during operation of the electric motor 1 revolving around a motor axis MX. Furthermore, the switching device comprises a spindle device which is also not shown in detail in this illustration 3 with a spindle element rotatably mounted about a spindle axis SX 4 , and a parent element guided on it 5 ,

The nut element 5 (see. 1 ) is with the shift fork device 6 coupled so that these in accordance with the position of the nut member 5 on the spindle element 4 a corresponding switching position occupies. The electric motor 1 and the spindle device 3 are arranged such that the motor axis MX and the spindle axis SX are aligned transversely to each other. Both the spindle device 3 as well as the shift fork device 6 are in a directly as a transmission housing part 12 acting component stored.

The transmission housing part 12 forms bearings over which the shift fork 12 is mounted so that it is pivotable about the shift fork axis XG. The transmission housing part 12 can do that be formed such that this covers a sitting on a vehicle drive electric motor planetary gear on the side facing away from that engine. About the inventive switching device can then the internal gear shift mechanism 50 be selectively positioned axially such that this either an output shaft of the vehicle drive motor, or said planetary gear to a subsequent transmission section on or decoupled from this. As further shown in this illustration, it is possible to use the electric motor 1 the switching device so "oblique" to order that the motor shaft MX and the shift fork axis XG together form an acute angle of eg 30 ° to 60 °. As a result, the compactness of the entire arrangement is further increased.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0481168 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Electromechanical switching device, comprising: - an electric motor ( 1 ) with a driven member ( 2 ) that during operation of the electric motor ( 1 ) rotates about a motor axis (MX), - a spindle device ( 3 ) with a about a spindle axis (MX) rotatably mounted spindle element ( 4 ), and a parent element ( 5 ), and - designed as a shift fork or rocker switch member ( 6 ) with the nut element ( 5 ) and according to the position of the nut element ( 5 ) on the spindle device ( 4 ) assumes a corresponding switching position, - wherein the electric motor ( 1 ) and the spindle device ( 4 ) are arranged such that the motor axis (MX) and the spindle axis (SX) are aligned transversely to each other, and - both the spindle device and the switching element ( 6 ) in a transmission housing part ( 12 ) are part of a transmission housing forms. Electromechanical switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element ( 6 ) is designed as a pivotally mounted rocker switch, and that the transmission housing part ( 12 ) the bearing points of the rocker switch, the bearing points of the spindle device ( 3 ) and a recording of the electric motor ( 1 ). Electromechanical switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element ( 6 ) is designed as a translationally shiftable shift fork, and that the transmission housing part ( 12 ) carries or forms the guide structures for those shift fork and also the bearing points of the spindle device ( 3 ) and a receptacle for the electric motor ( 1 ). Electromechanical switching device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transmission housing part ( 12 ) is designed as a plate structure, which is mounted in the installed state axially on a pot housing element of the transmission housing. Electromechanical switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that the plate structure has a bottom portion with a gear shaft passage opening ( 12b ). Electromechanical switching device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric motor ( 1 ) and the spindle element ( 4 ) are arranged such that the vertical projections of the motor axis (MX) and the spindle axis (SX) are perpendicular to each other in a parallel to these two axes (MX, SX) projection surface. Electromechanical switching device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the output member ( 2 ) and the lock element ( 4 ) are coupled via an angle gear (GW), and that the angle gear (GW) is a spindle drive gear ( 7 ), which on the spindle element ( 4 ) sits. Electromechanical switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that the angular gear (GW) comprises a drive pinion, which with the spindle drive gear ( 7 ) is engaged. Electromechanical switching device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spindle element ( 4 ) about a fixed camp ( 8th ) is axially supported, and that this fixed bearing on the side of the spindle drive gear ( 7 ) and that on its the camp ( 8th ) facing away from the spindle element ( 4 ) in a radial bearing ( 13 ) supported in the transmission housing part ( 12 ) sits. Electromechanical switching device according to claim 9, characterized in that the fixed bearing is designed as a rolling bearing and the bearing outer ring with a flange structure ( 11 ), which in the gear housing part ( 12 ) is fixed.

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