DE102010064443A1 - Foundation for a wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a foundation for a wind power plant with an above-ground and an underground part (11, 12), wherein on the above-ground (part 11) a connection possibility (14) for a wind turbine is provided, characterized in that the underground part (12) at least partially made of a wood material.

Description

The invention relates to a foundation for a wind turbine with an above-ground and an underground part, wherein on the above-ground part a connection possibility for a wind turbine is provided. Furthermore, the invention relates to a wind turbine with a foundation described above.

Wind turbines are used to generate electrical energy from wind. A wind turbine is a device with a foundation, a tower built on the foundation, and a nacelle placed on the tower. At the nacelle is the drive unit connected to rotor blades for power generation.

The static loads generated by the nacelle on the tower and the dynamic loads generated by the rotation of the rotary blades of the rotor and the possibility of movement of the nacelle in response to the wind direction are derived via the designed tower in the foundation of the wind turbine.

Such foundations are produced for example as a flat foundations in the form of concrete bodies as a solid body. A disadvantage of such bodies is that after reaching the Endnutzungszeitpunkts of the wind turbine after the wind turbine has to be dismantled, the foundation must also be laboriously dismantled.

Furthermore, especially in the production of the foundation as a solid body, the manufacturing costs through the reinforced concrete foundation are very high.

Out DE 102 45 078 A1 It is known to build a wind turbine in the form of an above-ground foundation, in which the plant is built on a container. The disadvantage here is that the loads that can be absorbed by such a container are too low, as it is possible to build on today's standard, permanently installed wind turbine.

One possibility of material reduction is over WO 02/27105 A1 disclosed. A reinforced concrete foundation is made, consisting of ring segments that are erected as an open body in the ground so that no solid body is used, resulting in material savings and thus cost savings. However, it is also necessary here to provide costly demolition measures.

Another way to reduce costs is in EP 1 074 663 A1 disclosed. Here is a star-shaped concrete foundation of three sections, which are arranged on a base section on which the wind turbine is built. At the end points, the sections are additionally secured in the form of a deep foundation in addition to the load suspension. Although the execution is intended as a solid body, by the reduction of the boom and the additional deep foundation, the required mass is reduced, which causes a cost reduction. However, the elaborate dismantling remains.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a foundation for a wind turbine, in which on the one hand a cost reduction compared to the known foundations, at the same time the necessary loads can be accommodated, and it is possible, the cost and effort in the dismantling of the foundation to reduce.

The object of the invention is achieved in terms of the foundation in that the underground part is at least partially made of a wood material.

A wood-based material is able to absorb the static and dynamic loads caused by the wind turbine similarly well, or even better, than a concrete foundation. At the same time, the construction costs for 1 m ^{3 of} mass are up to 30% lower. At the same time the cost of the deconstruction measures is reduced after the end of the life of the wind turbine, since it is easier to dismantle than a comparable concrete foundation. Furthermore, the decomposition processes which start during the lifetime of the wood foundations also facilitate the dismantling or the readiness for dismantling is no longer necessary, since it is ensured that the decay process by itself by the wood material is decomposed over a defined period.

Another teaching of the invention provides that the underground part is at least partially a hollow body. By providing a hollow body while maintaining the static and dynamic load capacity, it is possible to further reduce the construction costs. Furthermore, it is advantageous that on a base plate, preferably made of a wood material, a support structure, preferably made of a wood material, is provided on the plates, preferably made of a wood material, are attached. It is advantageous that support elements are provided in the interior of the subterranean part, preferably radially outward from the center of the foundation, preferably as part of the supporting structure and / or in that a middle area divided into at least two sections is provided, wherein preferably the division takes place in the horizontal direction. The provision of such a construction makes it possible to transport the necessary materials in a simple manner to the installation site, since no high degree of prefabrication in the form of bulky parts is necessary. Furthermore, it is possible, with constant static and dynamic load capacity, to further reduce the materials used. Alternatively, it is advantageous to make the foundation body completely from a wood material.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the above-ground part is placed on a support, which is preferably placed on a support plate, or extended in the underground part is executed, preferably in one piece, which is preferably placed on a support plate. In such a way, the occurring loads can be transferred more easily into the foundation.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the wood-based material is solid wood, glued laminated timber and / or cross-laminated timber. These wooden materials are readily available low-cost materials with adequate static and dynamic load capacity.

Another teaching of the invention provides that means for ventilating the hollow body are provided, which are preferably openings in the supporting structure and / or divided middle sections. By providing ventilation, it is possible to positively influence the life expectancy of the wooden materials according to the necessary parameters.

Furthermore, the object according to the invention with regard to the wind power plant is achieved by a wind turbine with a foundation of the type described above, by introducing the heat accumulating in the wind turbine into the foundation. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by the use of the heat generated in the wind turbine for drying a foundation of the type described above.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment in conjunction with a drawing. Showing:

1 a side sectional view of a foundation according to the invention,

2 a plan view too 1 .

3 a sectional view in plan view below the viewing plane to 2 , and

4 a view analog 3 with illustrated ventilation path.

The foundation according to the invention 10 consists of an underground part 11 and an above-ground part 12 , On top of the above-ground part 12 , which can be made annular or polygonal, is a connection for a tower of a wind turbine. Advantageously, the tower of the wind turbine is also designed as a polygonal tower made of wood. The underground part 11 For example, it is constructed on a bottom plate (not shown) which serves as a foundation for the erection. This may be a concrete slab or a compacted sand foundation or the like. On the bottom plate is a floor 15 built of wood. On the ground 15 are vertical side walls 16 built. Furthermore in a support plate 18 intended. Centered on the bottom plate 15 or the support plate 18 is a support 19 intended. The support 19 serves as either connection for the above-ground part 12 or is like in 1 shown in one piece with this executed. The support 19 consists of vertically arranged plates 25 , a middle section 20 form. The middle section 20 has a horizontal center plate 21 as a parting plane. In the upper part is a ceiling 24 intended. The space between the ceiling 24 and center plate 21 is an upper chamber 23 , Between the middle plate 21 and the bearing plate 18 or the ground 15 is a lower chamber 22 ,

On the vertical side walls 16 close inclined side walls 17 at. The bottom has a polygonal shape, with the u. U. an approximation to a circle is effected. (please refer 2 to 4 ) The inclined sidewalls 17 are trapezoidal. This is in top view 2 and dashed in 3 shown. As reinforcement are support plates 26 . 27 of different thickness provided on the inclined side walls 17 are arranged. These are also trapezoidal, but cover several inclined side walls 17 ,

Alternatively or additionally, supporting wall elements 28 within the foundation 10 , radially from the middle section 20 to the vertical side walls 16 be provided. These can be under the touch points of the sloping sidewalls 17 be provided or as in 3 represented offset to be provided. Alternatively, the foundation can be erected with a supporting framework (not shown) on which appropriate wooden panels are then placed.

The walls 16 . 17 . 25 . 28 plates 21 . 25 . 26 . 27 , the floor 15 and the support 20 consist of either stacked layer elements or plate elements, the are made of cross laminated timber or glued laminated timber.

As means for aeration of the foundation are openings 29 in the ceiling 24 provided, can be transported through the supply air and humid exhaust air. Furthermore, the vertical side walls have 25 openings 30 . 31 on, one of which is in the lower chamber 22 and one in the upper chamber 23 is located and. Ventilation are the chambers 22 . 23 separated from each other. Between the vertical side walls 16 and the plate 25 be through the wall elements 28 more chambers 34 educated. These chambers 34 are over openings 32 in the wall elements 28 Ventilation technology connected. Exemplary is in 4 a fan 33 represented by the air along the in 4 illustrated ventilation path 35 is moved.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

foundation

11

underground part

12

aboveground part

13

tower connection

14

top

15

ground

16

Sidewall, vertical

17

Sidewall, inclined

18

bearing plate

19

In stock

20

midsection

21

center plate

22

lower chamber

23

upper chamber

24

blanket

25

plate

26

bearing plate

27

bearing plate

28

wall element

29

opening

30

opening

31

opening

32

opening

33

Fan

34

chamber

35

ventilation path

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10245078 A1 [0006]
• WO 02/27105 A1 [0007]
• EP 1074663 A1 [0008]

Claims (10)

Foundation for a wind turbine with an above-ground and an underground part ( 11 . 12 ), whereby on the above-ground part ( 12 ) a connection possibility ( 14 ) is provided for a wind turbine, characterized in that the underground part ( 11 ) is at least partially made of a wood material. Foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the underground part ( 12 ) is at least partially a hollow body. Foundation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on a bottom plate ( 15 ), preferably of wood-based material, a supporting structure ( 16 . 17 . 19 . 20 . 25 . 28 ), preferably made of a wood material, is provided, which consists of plates and / or on the plates, preferably of a wood material, are attached. Foundation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that inside the underground part ( 11 ) Supporting elements ( 28 ) are provided, preferably radially outwardly from the center of the foundation, preferably as part of the supporting structure ( 16 . 17 . 19 . 20 . 25 . 28 ) and / or that one in at least two sections ( 22 . 23 ) divided middle area ( 20 ) is provided, wherein preferably the division takes place in the horizontal direction. Foundation according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the above-ground part ( 12 ) on a support ( 19 ), which is preferably mounted on a support plate ( 18 ) or in the underground part ( 11 ) extended, preferably in one piece, preferably on a support plate ( 18 ) is placed. Foundation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is in the wood material to solid wood, glued laminated timber and / or cross laminated timber. Foundation according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that means for ventilating the hollow body are provided, which are preferably openings ( 29 . 30 . 31 . 32 ) in the supporting structure ( 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 20 . 25 . 28 ) and / or split middle sections ( 22 . 23 ). Foundation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the foundation ( 10 ) has a polygonal shape. Wind turbine with a foundation according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heat generated in the wind turbine in the foundation ( 10 ) is initiated. Use of the heat generated in a wind turbine for drying a foundation ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8.

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