DE102010062362A1 - High-speed charging station for charging battery of electric vehicle, has output-side converter with high output power, whose input and output terminals are connected to respective electrical energy storage device and electrical load - Google Patents
High-speed charging station for charging battery of electric vehicle, has output-side converter with high output power, whose input and output terminals are connected to respective electrical energy storage device and electrical load Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
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- B60L2210/12—Buck converters
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schnellladestation für einen elektrischen Verbraucher, insbesondere für die Batterie bzw. den Akku eines Elektrofahrzeugs.The invention relates to a rapid charging station for an electrical consumer, in particular for the battery or the battery of an electric vehicle.
Ladestationen für die Batterien von Elektrofahrzeugen, wie sie im nicht-industriellen, bspw. häuslichen Bereich eingesetzt werden können, sind Ladestationen mit geringer Netzanschlussleistung von typischerweise weniger als 10 kW. Schnellladestationen für Elektrofahrzeuge, die eine Komplettladung der Batterie des Elektrofahrzeugs innerhalb von dreißig Minuten oder sogar kürzer gestatten, müssen typischerweise mit Ausgangsleistungen in einem Bereich von ca. 30 kW bis 100 kW bieten.Charging stations for the batteries of electric vehicles, as they can be used in non-industrial, such as domestic area, are charging stations with low grid connection power of typically less than 10 kW. Electric vehicle fast charging stations, which allow full battery charging of the electric vehicle within thirty minutes or even shorter, typically have to provide power outputs in the range of about 30 kW to 100 kW.
Solche Schnellladestationen stellen für öffentliche Netze eine übermäßige Belastung bzw. Störung dar, für welche die Netzinfrastruktur nicht ausgelegt ist. Dies betrifft sowohl den Bezug von Ladeleistung aus dem Netz als auch die Rückspeisung von Leistung vom Elektrofahrzeug in das Netz beim sog. ”Vehicle-to-Grid”-Modell (V2G).Such fast charging stations pose an excessive burden or disturbance on public networks for which the network infrastructure is not designed. This applies both to the purchase of charging power from the grid and the return of power from the electric vehicle to the grid in the so-called "vehicle-to-grid" model (V2G).
In der
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Ladestation anzugeben, mit der ein schnelles Aufladen eines elektrischen Energiespeichers möglich ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a charging station, with a fast charging of an electrical energy storage is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen angegebenen Erfindungen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by the inventions specified in the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schnellladestation zur Versorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere zum Aufladen einer Batterie eines Elektrofahrzeugs, weist zumindest einen Eingangsanschluss zur Verbindung der Schnellladestation mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle und einen Ausgangsanschluss zur Verbindung der Schnellladestation mit dem elektrischen Verbraucher auf. Weiterhin sind ein elektrischer Energiespeicher zur Speicherung zumindest eines Teils einer von der elektrischen Energiequelle zur Verfügung gestellten elektrischen Energie, zumindest ein eingangsseitiger Umrichter, dessen Eingang mit dem Eingangsanschluss und dessen Ausgang mit dem elektrischen Energiespeicher verbunden ist, sowie ein ausgangsseitiger Umrichter hoher Ausgangsleistung, dessen Eingang mit dem elektrischen Energiespeicher und dessen Ausgang mit dem Ausgangsanschluss verbunden ist, vorgesehen.The rapid charging station according to the invention for supplying an electrical consumer, in particular for charging a battery of an electric vehicle, has at least one input terminal for connecting the fast charging station to an electrical energy source and an output terminal for connecting the fast charging station to the electrical consumer. Furthermore, an electrical energy store for storing at least part of an electrical energy source provided by the electrical energy, at least one input-side inverter whose input is connected to the input terminal and whose output is connected to the electrical energy storage, and an output side inverter high output power whose input is connected to the electrical energy storage and whose output is connected to the output terminal provided.
Die Verwendung des Umrichters mit hoher Ausgangsleistung gewährleistet, dass ein schnelles Laden möglich wird. Um die hierfür benötigte Energie zur Verfügung zu stellen, wird auf den Energiespeicher zurückgegriffen, da die genannte Energiequelle ggf. nicht die zu diesem Zweck notwendige Leistung zur Verfügung stellen kann.Using the inverter with high output ensures that fast charging becomes possible. In order to provide the energy required for this purpose, the energy store is used, since the said energy source may not be able to provide the power required for this purpose.
Der eingangsseitige Umrichter ist dementsprechend ein Umrichter geringer Leistung, vorzugsweise mit einer Ausgangsleistung zwischen 1 kW und 15 kW, insbesondere mit einer Ausgangsleistung zwischen 1 kW und 10 kW.The input-side converter is accordingly a low-power converter, preferably with an output power between 1 kW and 15 kW, in particular with an output power between 1 kW and 10 kW.
Damit ist über den eingangsseitigen Umrichter die Kompatibilität der Schnellladestation mit einem Netz geringer Ausgangsleistung, bspw. das öffentliche Stromnetz, sichergestellt.Thus, the compatibility of the fast charging station with a network low output power, for example, the public power grid, ensured on the input side inverter.
Der ausgangsseitige Umrichter ist ein Umrichter hoher Ausgangsleistung, vorzugsweise mit einer Ausgangsleistung zwischen 10 kW und 150 kW, insbesondere mit einer Ausgangsleistung zwischen 10 kW und 100 kW, bevorzugt mit einer Ausgangsleistung größer als 30 kW.The output-side converter is a converter of high output power, preferably with an output power between 10 kW and 150 kW, in particular with an output power between 10 kW and 100 kW, preferably with an output power greater than 30 kW.
Die Verwendung des Umrichters mit hoher Ausgangsleistung gewährleistet, dass ein schnelles Laden möglich wird. Um die hierfür benötigte Energie zur Verfügung zu stellen, wird auf den Energiespeicher zurückgegriffen, da die genannte Energiequelle ggf. nicht die zu diesem Zweck notwendige Leistung zur Verfügung stellen kann.Using the inverter with high output ensures that fast charging becomes possible. In order to provide the energy required for this purpose, the energy store is used, since the said energy source may not be able to provide the power required for this purpose.
Der eingangsseitige Umrichter ist als AC-DC-Umrichter oder als DC-DC-Umrichter ausgebildet.The input-side converter is designed as an AC-DC converter or as a DC-DC converter.
Damit ist die Kompatibilität zu einer AC-Energiequelle bzw. zu einer DC-Energiequelle gewährleistet.This ensures compatibility with an AC power source or a DC power source.
Der ausgangsseitige Umrichter ist als DC-DC-Umrichter oder als DC-AC-Umrichter ausgebildet.The output-side converter is designed as a DC-DC converter or as a DC-AC converter.
Damit ist die Kompatibilität zu einem DC-Verbraucher bzw. zu einem AC-Verbraucher gewährleistet.This ensures compatibility with a DC consumer or an AC consumer.
Im Falle eines ausgangsseitigen DC-DC-Umrichters ist dieser vorzugsweise ein Abwärts-Aufwärts-Wandler, insbesondere ein Buck-Boost-Konverter bzw. ein Buck-Boost-Spannungswandler.In the case of an output DC-DC converter this is preferably a downward Up-converter, in particular a buck-boost converter or a buck-boost voltage converter.
Hiermit wird berücksichtigt, dass sich die elektrische Spannung des Verbrauchers während des Ladevorgangs ändert.This takes into account that the electrical voltage of the load changes during the charging process.
Der Ausgang, d. h. die Ausgangskontakte, des eingangsseitigen Umrichters ist mit dem Eingang, d. h. mit den Eingangskontakten, des ausgangsseitigen Umrichters verbunden.The exit, d. H. the output contacts, the input side inverter is connected to the input, d. H. connected to the input contacts, the output side inverter.
Der ausgangsseitige Umrichter wird also sowohl aus dem Energiespeicher als auch aus dem eingangsseitigen Umrichter gespeist.The output-side inverter is thus fed both from the energy storage and from the input side inverter.
Die Schnellladestation kann zusätzlich einen weiteren Eingangsanschluss zur Verbindung der Schnellladestation mit einer weiteren elektrischen Energiequelle und einen weiteren eingangsseitigen Umrichter aufweisen, dessen Eingang mit dem weiteren Eingangsanschluss und dessen Ausgang mit dem elektrischen Energiespeicher verbindbar, bspw. über einen Schalter, oder direkt verbunden ist.The fast charging station may additionally comprise a further input terminal for connecting the fast charging station to a further electrical energy source and a further input-side converter whose input to the further input terminal and the output to the electrical energy storage connected, eg. Via a switch, or is directly connected.
Der Ausgang des weiteren eingangsseitigen Umrichters ist mit dem elektrischen Energiespeicher verbunden, wobei der elektrische Energiespeicher eingerichtet ist, zumindest einen Teil einer von der weiteren elektrischen Energiequelle zur Verfügung gestellten elektrischen Energie zu speichern.The output of the further input-side converter is connected to the electrical energy store, wherein the electrical energy store is set up to store at least part of an electrical energy provided by the further electrical energy source.
In dieser Ausbildung kann die Schnellladestation auch über die zusätzliche Energiequelle versorgt werden, so dass sie unabhängiger wird und dem Energiespeicher in kürzerer Zeit mehr Energie zugeführt werden kann.In this embodiment, the quick charging station can also be supplied via the additional power source, so that it is more independent and the energy storage more energy can be supplied in a shorter time.
Alternativ kann in der Ausführungsform mit dem weiteren Eingangsanschluss und dem weiteren Umrichter ein weiterer elektrischer Energiespeicher zur Speicherung zumindest eines Teils einer von der weiteren elektrischen Energiequelle zur Verfügung gestellten elektrischen Energie vorgesehen sein, wobei
- – der Ausgang des weiteren eingangsseitigen Umrichters mit dem weiteren elektrischen Energiespeicher verbunden ist und
- – der Eingang des ausgangsseitigen Umrichters mit dem weiteren elektrischen Enerigespeicher verbindbar, bspw. über einen Schalter, oder direkt verbunden ist.
- - The output of the further input-side converter is connected to the further electrical energy storage and
- - The input of the output-side inverter with the other electrical energy storage connectable, eg. Via a switch, or is directly connected.
Der weitere eingangsseitige Umrichter kann ein AC-DC-Umrichter oder ein DC-DC-Umrichter sein.The additional input-side inverter can be an AC-DC converter or a DC-DC converter.
Damit ist die Kompatibilität zu einer AC-Energiequelle bzw. zu einer DC-Energiequelle gewährleistet.This ensures compatibility with an AC power source or a DC power source.
Die elektrische Energiequelle ist
- – eine zentrale Energieversorgungseinrichtung, insbesondere das öffentliche Stromversorgungsnetz, oder
- – eine dezentrale Elektroenergie-Erzeugungseinrichtung, insbesondere eine Photovoltaikanlage, eine Windenergieanlage oder ein Blockheizkraftwerk.
- A central power supply device, in particular the public power grid, or
- - A decentralized electric energy generating device, in particular a photovoltaic system, a wind turbine or a combined heat and power plant.
Die weitere elektrische Energiequelle ist eine dezentrale Elektroenergie-Erzeugungseinrichtung, insbesondere eine Photovoltaikanlage, eine Windenergieanlage, ein Blockheizkraftwerk.The further electrical energy source is a decentralized electrical energy-generating device, in particular a photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, a combined heat and power plant.
Dies zusammenfassend wird in der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Ladestation mit geringer Netzanschlussleistung und hoher Ausgangsleitung angegeben, mit der ein schnelles. Laden eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, bspw. eine Batterie eines Elektrofahrzeugs, möglich ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Ladestation kann dabei als DC- oder als AC-Ladestation ausgebildet sein, wobei die zum Aufladen der Batterie eines Elektroautos vorteilhafte Variante die DC-Schnellladestation ist.In summary, in the present invention, a charging station with a low grid connection power and a high output line is provided, with which a fast. Charging an electrical consumer, for example. A battery of an electric vehicle, is possible. The charging station according to the invention can be designed as a DC or AC charging station, wherein the advantageous for charging the battery of an electric car variant is the DC fast charging station.
Ferner ist es sinnvoll, die erfindungsgemäße Schnellladestation mit dezentralen Elektroenergie-Erzeugungseinrichtungen zu koppeln, bspw. mit einem Blockheizkraftwerk (BHKW) im häuslichen Bereich.Furthermore, it makes sense to couple the quick-charging station according to the invention with decentralized electrical energy-generating devices, for example, with a combined heat and power plant (CHP) in the domestic area.
Ebenso können fluktuierende und nicht-berechenbare Energiequellen wie Wind und Photovoltaik als Stromquelle zum Laden der Batterie des Elektrofahrzeugs eingebunden werden.Similarly, fluctuating and non-predictable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaic can be integrated as a power source for charging the battery of the electric vehicle.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schnellladestation eignet sich vorteilhafterweise zum Schnellladen der Batterien von Elektrofahrzeugen, als quasi ständig verfügbarer, weil nicht mobiler Energiespeicher für das sog. ”Smart Grid”, als Energiespeicher für dezentrale Elektroenergieerzeugungsaggregate, zum Erhöhen der verfügbaren Ladeleistung bei begrenzter Anschlussleistung sowie als Puffer für nicht-berechenbare, fluktuierende Energieerzeuger, bspw. Windkraft, Solarenergie, und damit zur Entlastung der Energienetze.The quick charging station according to the invention is advantageously suitable for fast charging the batteries of electric vehicles, as quasi constantly available because non-mobile energy storage for the so-called. "Smart Grid", as energy storage for decentralized electric power generation units, to increase the available charging power with limited power and as a buffer for not -computable, fluctuating energy producers, for example, wind power, solar energy, and thus to relieve the energy networks.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel sowie anhand der Zeichnungen.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment described below and with reference to the drawings.
Dabei zeigt:Showing:
In den Figuren sind identische bzw. einander entsprechende Bereiche, Bauteile, Bauteilgruppen oder Verfahrensschritte mit denselben Bezugsziffern gekennzeichnet.In the figures, identical or corresponding areas, components, component groups or method steps are identified by the same reference numerals.
Die
Die Schnellladestation
Die Schnellladestation
Weiterhin weist die Schnellladestation
Der Eingangsanschluss
Der Energiespeicher
Der Energiespeicher
Der erste Umrichter
Der zweite Umrichter
Diese im Zusammenhang mit der
Die oben vergleichsweise allgemein gehaltene Beschreibung der Schnellladestation
Die
Die Energiequelle
Die
Bei einer DC-Schnellladestation
Die
In der
Die
In den
Der untere Teil der
Die Schnellladestation weist zusätzlich zu dem ersten und zweiten Umrichter
Je nach Art der zweiten Energiequelle
Die Ausführungsform der
Eine zur
Wie in der
Durch den Umschalter
Die Figurenbeschreibungen beschränken sich im Wesentlichen auf einer Verwendung der Schnellladestation
Der Energiespeicher
Wenn oben die Rede davon ist, dass bspw. ein ”Ausgang” mit einem ”Eingang” oder mit einem ”Ausgangsanschluss” etc. verbunden sein soll, sind natürlich immer die jeweiligen Anschlusskontakte gemeint, die miteinander verbunden sind. Bekanntermaßen weist ein DC-Ausgang genauso wie ein DC-Eingang zwei Anschlusskontakte auf. Wenn also der DC-Ausgang des eingangsseitigen AC-DC-Umrichters mit dem DC-Eingang des ausgangsseitigen DC-DC-Umrichters verbunden sein soll, müssen die entsprechenden Anschlusskontakte miteinander verbunden sein, d. h. effektiv werden in diesem Fall natürlich zwei elektrische Verbindungen bzw. Leitungen benötigt. Die Formulierung, dass bspw. ein Eingang mit einem Ausgang verbunden ist, soll dies natürlich mit umfassen, ohne dass jeweils explizit erläutert wird, wie viele Einzelleitungen benötigt werden. Dies ergibt sich zwangsläufig und funktionsnotwendig jeweils aus dem Zusammenhang und aus der Bezeichnung der jeweiligen miteinander verbundenen Komponenten.If the above is the speech that, for example, an "output" to be connected to an "input" or with an "output terminal", etc., of course, always the respective terminals are meant that are connected to each other. As is known, a DC output as well as a DC input has two connection contacts. If, therefore, the DC output of the input-side AC-DC converter is to be connected to the DC input of the output-side DC-DC converter, the corresponding connection contacts must be connected to each other, ie. H. Of course, two electrical connections or lines are needed in this case, of course. The formulation that, for example, an input is connected to an output should of course also include this, without explicitly explaining how many individual lines are needed. This inevitably and functionally necessary in each case from the context and from the name of the respective interconnected components.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
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Claims (14)
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DE102010062362A DE102010062362A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | High-speed charging station for charging battery of electric vehicle, has output-side converter with high output power, whose input and output terminals are connected to respective electrical energy storage device and electrical load |
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DE102010062362A DE102010062362A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2010-12-02 | High-speed charging station for charging battery of electric vehicle, has output-side converter with high output power, whose input and output terminals are connected to respective electrical energy storage device and electrical load |
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US11183847B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2021-11-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Stationary storage device for temporarily storing electric energy in an electric supply grid, operating method, and retrofitting module for the stationary storage device |
WO2018166815A1 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Stationary storage device for temporarily storing electric energy in an electric supply grid, operating method, and retrofitting module for the stationary storage device |
US11427103B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Method for operating a charging station |
WO2019030585A1 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-14 | Centralschweizerische Kraftwerke Ag | Dc/dc-charging device and method |
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DE102018218555A1 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2020-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for charging several energy stores |
WO2021115541A1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Off grid wind turbine electric vehicle charging system and method |
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