DE102010050756B4 - Drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive device, having at least one shaft (55), in particular an output shaft or intermediate shaft of a transmission, an axial end region of the shaft (55) being at least partially surrounded by a cover (1) to form a housing, a bearing (56) of the shaft (55) being in a central housing part (57), the shaft (55) protruding with its axial end region through a recess in the housing part (57), at least two radially outwardly directed elevations being formed on the housing part (57), the elevations being the same Have a radial distance from the shaft axis of the shaft, the cover (1) having depressions (22) shaped in this way on its inside and being arranged on the housing part (57) in such a way that a respective elevation engages in a respective depression (22) and thus the cover (22). 1) and the housing part (57) are positively connected in the circumferential direction, in the axial direction and in the radial direction, one part, i.e. a seal (80) provided between the cover (1) and the housing part (57), being elastically deformed, whereby the cover (1) has, at its end region facing the central housing part (57), the seal (80) provided in the circumferential direction, which is molded and made of a thermoplastic elastomer, the elevation being formed by a screw head (2) of a screw is, which is connected to the housing part (57), the elevation being brought into the recess (22) by means of a rotational movement of the cover (1) relative to the housing part (57), the axis of rotation corresponding to the shaft axis of the shaft, by means of the elevation During the rotational movement, a radially protruding portion of the cover (1) is elastically deformed, the radially protruding underside of the screw head (2) overcoming an axial bevel (90) running in the circumferential direction, so that the cover (1) is pulled away from the screw head (2). is pressed in the axial direction against the central housing part (57) and the seal (80) is deformed and seals, the screw head (2) snapping into the subsequent recess (22) after overcoming the bevel (90), the cover (1 ) is polygonally shaped on its outside in the circumferential direction, with a further shaft, i.e. the shaft to be driven, being non-positively connectable to the shaft (55), the further shaft being a solid shaft on which two sleeves (50, 60) are arranged each have an outer cone which rests on a respective inner cone of the shaft (55) of the drive device, which is designed as a hollow shaft, a shrink disk being arranged on the outer circumference of the shaft (55) in the area of an inner cone of the shaft (55), the shrink disk consisting of a Shrink ring (51) is formed, which has two opposing outer cones, on each of which a clamping ring (54) is arranged, so that when the clamping rings (54) approach one another axially, i.e. by tightening a clamping screw (53) which protrudes through both clamping rings (54). ), the shrinkage force is increased for the non-positive connection of the shaft (55) to the further shaft, the sleeve (50) facing away from the shrink disk having a stop which is arranged on the axial end region of the sleeve (50) facing away from the shrink disk, whereby the clamping rings (54) and the sleeves (50, 60) each have a radially and/or axially extending slot.

Description

The invention relates to a drive device, having at least one shaft, in particular an output shaft or intermediate shaft of a transmission.

From the DE 10 2008 052 547 A1 a drive device is known, having at least one shaft, in particular an output shaft or intermediate shaft of a transmission.

From the DE 33 27 134 A1 a geared motor and a drive shaft for a work machine are known.

From the DE 10 2008 035 519 A1 a hood that can be connected to a housing part to cover a shaft end is known.

The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a drive device while protecting the environment.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in the drive device according to the features specified in claim 1.

Important features of the invention in the drive device are that the drive device has at least one shaft, in particular an output shaft or intermediate shaft of a transmission,
wherein an axial end region of the shaft is at least partially surrounded by a cover to form a housing,
wherein a bearing of the shaft is mounted in a housing part, in particular a central housing part,
wherein the shaft protrudes with its axial end region through a recess in the housing part,
wherein at least two radially outwardly directed elevations are provided, in particular formed, on the housing part,
where the elevations have the same radial distance to the shaft axis,
wherein the cover has such shaped recesses on its inside and is arranged on the housing part in such a way that a respective elevation engages in a respective recess and thus the cover and the housing part form-fit at least in the circumferential direction, in particular in the circumferential direction, in the axial direction and in the radial direction are connected,
wherein a part, in particular a seal provided between the cover and the housing part, is elastically deformed.

The advantage here is that the central housing part does not require a complex bearing cover, but can be closed with a cover that essentially introduces axially acting forces into the housing part. Transverse forces essentially flow from the bearing of the shaft, i.e. force flows that are aligned perpendicular to the force flows introduced by the elevations. This makes it possible to produce the housing part with particularly thin walls and in a material-saving manner. In this way, the environment is relieved because a low consumption of resources can be achieved.

The cover can be connected to the housing part in a bayonet-like manner. So no screws need to be tightened or anything like that. A small torque, which can be applied, for example, by the operator's hands, is sufficient to generate a sufficiently large axially acting contact pressure so that the seal arranged between the housing part and the cover seals.

When clipping in the cover, it is important that the elevation must overcome an elevation on the inner wall of the cover in the circumferential direction by elastically deforming this elevation and is then held in a form-fitting manner in a recess. The elevation and depression on the inside of the cover are pronounced in the radial direction.

Preferably, the cover is made of an elastically deformable material, such as plastic or the like, at least in the area of the elevation.

Furthermore, in the axial direction, the recess is designed in such a way that the cover is pressed against the housing part during the rotational movement when connecting.

Preferably, three or more elevations, in particular evenly spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, are arranged on the housing parts in the circumferential direction, which preferably all have the same radial distance from the shaft axis. The connection can therefore be carried out with a simple rotary movement.

The cover, which forms the housing together with the housing part, thus forms contact protection against the rotating shaft end and protects the gear area against ingress of dirt.

According to the invention, the shaft is designed as a hollow shaft. The advantage here is that a solid shaft can be connected, with the diameter being selectable from a diameter range that can be compensated for by means of the conically shaped sleeves. For example, solid shafts with an outer diameter measured in inches can also be connected like full waves. Because the national standard specifications for shaft diameters in the USA are different from the national standard specifications for shaft diameters in Germany. This makes it possible to design a drive device with a hollow shaft, so that a solid shaft can be connected, with a non-positive connection being achieved by axially displacing the sleeves and subsequently tightening the shrink disk.

In an advantageous embodiment, the respective elevation is formed by means of a screw head of a respective screw, which is connected to the housing part. The advantage here is that the elevation does not have to be formed in one piece on the housing part and finely machined, but rather only a corresponding threaded hole has to be made in the housing part, into which the respective screw can be screwed. Thus, by means of the portion of the screw head that projects over the screw thread of the screw, an elevation that engages in the recess can be produced in a simple manner.

According to the invention, the elevation can be brought into the recess by means of a rotational movement of the cover relative to the housing part, with a radially protruding portion of the cover being elastically deformable by means of the elevation during the rotational movement
and wherein during the rotational movement the cover can be pressed onto the housing part and the part is elastically deformable.
in particular, the axis of rotation corresponds to the shaft axis of the shaft. The advantage here is that the cover can be easily connected to the housing part. In particular, this can be carried out by hand, i.e. without the use of tools. For particularly good application of torque, the cover is preferably polygonal in shape on its outside in the circumferential direction.

According to the invention, the part is a seal provided between the cover and the housing part, which is materially connected to the cover. The advantage here is that the seal is elastically deformed when the cover is pressed on, thus achieving a tight connection between the cover and the housing part. The pressing of the cover is generated during the rotation of the cover by turning the screw head into the recess, which must follow a contour in the axial direction, i.e. an edge region of the recess, and thus the cover is pressed against the housing part by the screw head.

According to the invention, a further shaft, in particular a shaft to be driven, can be non-positively connected to the shaft, with a shrink disk being arranged on the shaft of the drive device. The advantage is that the connection is easy to establish.

According to the invention, the further shaft is a solid shaft on which two sleeves are arranged, each of which has an outer cone which rests on a respective inner cone of the shaft of the drive device, which is designed as a hollow shaft,
wherein a shrink disk is arranged on the outer circumference of the shaft in the area of an inner cone of the shaft. The advantage here is that a diameter adjustment is made possible in a simple manner, namely by axially moving the sleeves.

According to the invention, the shrink disk is formed from a clamping ring which has at least one outer cone on which a clamping ring is arranged, which is axially movable by means of a clamping screw and thus generates shrinkage force. The advantage here is that parts that are easy to produce can be used.

According to the invention, the shrink disk is formed from a clamping ring which has two opposing outer cones, on each of which a clamping ring is arranged, so that when the clamping rings approach one another axially, in particular by tightening a clamping screw protruding through both clamping rings, the shrinkage force is used for the non-positive connection of the shaft the further wave is increased. The advantage is that inexpensive parts can be used.

According to the invention, the sleeve facing away from the shrink disk has a stop which is arranged on the axial end region of the sleeve facing away from the shrink disk. The advantage here is that the sleeve only needs to be pushed to the stop and is therefore fixed. In this way, extreme misalignment can also be avoided.

According to the invention, the clamping rings and/or the sleeves each have a radially and/or axially extending slot. The advantage here is that bulging can be avoided during shrinking.

In an advantageous embodiment, the depression is a recess. The advantage here is that the depression can be manufactured in a simple manner.

In an advantageous embodiment, a bearing of the shaft and a bearing of a rotor shaft of the electric motor of the drive device are arranged in the central housing part,
where the rotor shaft and shaft are aligned parallel,
in particular where the electronic circuit is used Supplying the electric motor is arranged on the side of the rotor shaft facing away from the shaft. The advantage here is that when producing the central housing part, the bearing seat of the bearing of the output shaft and the bearing seat of the bearing of the rotor shaft can be machined in one clamping. This means that re-alignment on the machine tool is unnecessary and production can be carried out with high precision and speed. Furthermore, the central housing part absorbs the bearing forces, in particular, for example, transverse forces, which are introduced via a further shaft to be driven, in particular a solid shaft. However, since this force essentially acts in the radial direction to the shaft axis, the axially introduced force of the screws forming the elevations with their screw heads can also be absorbed without a particularly reinforced wall of the housing part.

In an advantageous embodiment, the screw axes of the screws are aligned parallel to the shaft, in particular in such a way that the housing part absorbs essentially axial force flow of the screws and transverse forces, i.e. radial force flow, of the bearings of the shaft. The advantage here is that the force flows are essentially not parallel and this enables a material-saving method of production.

In an advantageous embodiment, the drive device comprises a gear, wherein the shaft is a shaft of the gear, and/or comprises an electric motor, wherein the shaft is a rotor shaft of the electric motor,
in particular, the drive device having an electronic circuit which is at least partially surrounded by a cover part forming a housing, which is detachably connected to the housing part of the drive device, in particular to the central housing part. The advantage here is that a particularly compact design can be produced. In addition, heat loss from the transmission and heat from the motor are conducted to the same housing part, so that this housing part serves to spread the heat and dissipate it to the environment. It is important that the power loss of the motor and transmission differs in different operating states. For example, when starting, a large torque is generated at only a low speed. The power loss of the gearbox is low and that of the motor is high. At nominal speed, the motor generates a smaller torque, which is why its power loss is smaller but that of the gearbox is larger.

• In der 1 ist eine Draufsicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Kompaktantrieb bei angeschnittener Abdeckhaube 1 gezeigt.
• In der 2 ist ein Ausschnitt der 1 um die Schraube 2 herum näher gezeigt.
• In der 3 ist eine Draufsicht von oben auf den Kompaktantrieb gezeigt.
• In der 4 ist eine Schrägansicht gezeigt bei teilweise angeschnittener Abdeckhaube 1.
• in der 5 ist ein Querschnitt gezeigt.
• In der 6 ist ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt um die in die Abdeckhaube 1 eingreifende Schraube 2 herumgezeigt, wobei die Blickrichtung nach radial außen gerichtet ist.
• In der 7 ist eine Schrägansicht auf den Kompaktantrieb gezeigt.
• In der 8 ist eine Ansicht in radialer Richtung bei angeschnittener Abdeckhaube 1 gezeigt.
• In der 9 ist ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt hiervon gezeigt.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using illustrations:

• In the 1 a top view of the compact drive according to the invention is shown with the cover 1 cut.
• In the 2 is a section of the 1 shown in more detail around screw 2.
• In the 3 a top view of the compact drive is shown.
• In the 4 an oblique view is shown with the cover 1 partially cut away.
• in the 5 a cross section is shown.
• In the 6 an enlarged section is shown around the screw 2 engaging in the cover 1, with the viewing direction directed radially outwards.
• In the 7 an oblique view of the compact drive is shown.
• In the 8th a view in the radial direction with the cover 1 cut is shown.
• In the 9 an enlarged section of this is shown.

The compact drive has an electronic circuit provided in the electronics housing part 40, which in particular comprises an inverter which feeds an electric motor arranged in the compact drive, which has a gearbox also arranged in the compact drive.

As in 5 is shown, the rotor shaft and output shaft 30 of the transmission are aligned parallel. One bearing of the rotor shaft and one bearing 56 of the output shaft 55 are mounted in a central housing part 57, which has at least the two associated bearing seats.

This makes it particularly easy to center the bearing seats and thus the shafts relative to one another, since the central housing part 57 can be finished in a single clamping operation.

A first axial end region of the output shaft 55 protruding from the housing of the compact drive is covered and protected by a cover 1. This reduces the risk of injury.

A second axial end region of the output shaft 30 protrudes from the housing. A shaft to be driven can be inserted into the output shaft 30, which is designed as a hollow shaft, and can be connected in a non-positive manner.

For this purpose, the output shaft 30 has a shrink disk on its axial end region, which is protected by the cover, and is conical.

A shrink ring 51 is placed on this area, which is cylindrical on its side facing the hollow shaft and has two opposing conical areas on its outside, on which a respective clamping ring 54 sits, the two clamping rings 54 being movable towards one another by means of a clamping screw 53 and thus generate an increasing clamping force, which shrinks the shaft end of the output shaft 30, which is designed with an inner cone, onto a sleeve 50 which is inserted into the output shaft 30 and at least partially covers the axial region of the inner cone, which in turn shrinks onto a solid shaft which is in the inner opening of the Sleeve 50 is inserted and thus connects in a non-positive manner. The sleeve 50 has an outer cone that matches the inner cone of the output shaft 30 and is cylindrical on its inside.

Likewise, at the axially opposite end region of the output shaft 30, which protrudes from the compact drive, a sleeve 60 is provided on the conical inside of the hollow output shaft 30, which is conical on its outside and has a cylindrical inside. This sleeve 60 can therefore also be placed with its inside onto the solid shaft to be driven, with the solid shaft being mounted in another unit.

The axial end of the output shaft 30 adjacent to the shrink disk is surrounded by a cover 1 to form a housing, which is connected to the central housing part 57 by means of a bayonet lock.

In order to establish a tight connection with the central housing part 57, the cover has a seal provided in the circumferential direction at its end region facing the central housing part 57, which is preferably molded on. In particular, a thermoplastic elastomer is used here and the cover is made of plastic.

To produce the bayonet lock, 57 screws are connected, in particular screwed, into the central housing part. The screws are preferably arranged in such a way that they have the same radial distance to the mathematical axis of rotation of the output shaft 30. So they lie on a circle. Preferably the screws are evenly spaced apart in the circumferential direction, as in 1 is shown.

The cover is put on coming from the axial direction and then rotated in the circumferential direction by an angle of rotation. During this rotation, the screw head engages in a recess on the inside of the cover 1.

As in 2 is shown, this recess is designed in such a way that at the beginning of the rotational movement the metallic screw head 2 must overcome the radially inwardly directed elevation 21, this raised area being correspondingly elastically deformed. After reaching the subsequently arranged radially directed recess 22, the screw head 2 rests against the subsequently arranged radially directed elevation 23, which acts in particular as a stop against further rotation in the circumferential direction, since in order to deform the area of elastic deformation would have to be exceeded and therefore extreme high and destructive forces would have to be applied. In practical terms, a snapping into the radially directed recess 22 is thus achieved, this recess having a greater radial distance than the elevations 21 and 23.

In addition, the entire recess on the inside of the cover 1 is also designed in the axial direction with a contour such that during the rotation and snapping described above, the cover 1 is pressed against the central housing part 57. This is in the 6 , 8th , and 9 particularly clearly visible.

While overcoming the radially directed elevation 21, the radially protruding underside of the screw head 2 must overcome an axial bevel running in the circumferential direction, so that the cover is pressed by the screw head in the axial direction against the central housing part 57 and the molded seal 80 is deformed and seals .

After overcoming the slope 90, the screw head 2 snaps into a subsequent recess.

For each of the screw heads 2, a corresponding recess is provided on the inside of the cover 1.

This means that double simultaneous snapping is achieved. On the one hand, the radial recess ensures that the cover is positively secured against relative rotation in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the bevel 90 with subsequent axially directed depression causes the cover to move axially and be pressed against the central housing part into which the screws are screwed, so that the screw heads 2 protrude. Here too, the cover 1 is positively secured in the elastically deflected state of the seal.

The electronics housing 40 is sealed and detachably connected to the central housing part 57. This makes it easy to replace the electronics. The electronics include a converter that feeds the electric motor of the compact drive.

A gear 58 is connected to the output shaft 55 in a rotationally fixed manner, the bearings (56, 59) being provided for supporting the output shaft 55. The bearing 56 is arranged in the central housing part 57 and the bearing 59 is arranged in a flange part which is releasably connected to the central housing part 57.

The conically shaped sleeves (50, 60) are inserted onto the solid shaft to be connected between the solid shaft and the hollow shaft. The clamping screw 53 is then tightened so that the clamping ring shrinks.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the cover is made of metal, with the seal 80 also being made of elastically deformable plastic.

Reference symbol list

1

cover

2

screw head

21

radially inward elevation

22

radially directed depression

23

radially directed elevation, in particular a stop against rotation in the circumferential direction

30

output shaft

40

Electronics housing

50

sleeve

51

shrink ring

53

Tension screw

54

tension ring

55

hollow shaft

56

camp

57

central housing part

58

gear

59

camp

60

conically shaped sleeve

80

Sealant, in particular sealant molded onto the cover 1

90

axially extending bevel

Claims (6)

Drive device, having at least one shaft (55), in particular an output shaft or intermediate shaft of a transmission, an axial end region of the shaft (55) being at least partially surrounded by a cover (1) to form a housing, a bearing (56) of the shaft (55) being in a central housing part (57), the shaft (55) protruding with its axial end region through a recess in the housing part (57), at least two radially outwardly directed elevations being formed on the housing part (57), the elevations being the same Have a radial distance from the shaft axis of the shaft, the cover (1) having depressions (22) shaped in this way on its inside and being arranged on the housing part (57) in such a way that a respective elevation engages in a respective depression (22) and thus the cover (22). 1) and the housing part (57) are positively connected in the circumferential direction, in the axial direction and in the radial direction, one part, i.e. a seal (80) provided between the cover (1) and the housing part (57), being elastically deformed, whereby the cover (1) has, at its end region facing the central housing part (57), the seal (80) provided in the circumferential direction, which is molded on and is made of a thermoplastic elastomer, the elevation being formed by means of a screw head (2) of a screw is, which is connected to the housing part (57), the elevation being brought into the recess (22) by means of a rotational movement of the cover (1) relative to the housing part (57), the axis of rotation corresponding to the shaft axis of the shaft, by means of the elevation During the rotational movement, a radially protruding portion of the cover (1) is elastically deformed, the radially protruding underside of the screw head (2) overcoming an axial bevel (90) running in the circumferential direction, so that the cover (1) is pulled away from the screw head (2). is pressed in the axial direction against the central housing part (57) and the seal (80) is deformed and seals, with the screw head (2) snapping into the subsequent recess (22) after overcoming the bevel (90), the cover (1 ) is polygonally shaped on its outside in the circumferential direction, with a further shaft, i.e. a shaft to be driven, being non-positively connectable to the shaft (55), the further shaft being a solid shaft on which two sleeves (50, 60) are arranged, each of which has an outer cone which rests on a respective inner cone of the shaft (55) of the drive device, which is designed as a hollow shaft, with the outer circumference of the shaft (55) in the area of an inner cone of the shaft (55 ) a shrink disk is arranged, the shrink disk being formed from a shrink ring (51) which has two opposing outer cones, on each of which a clamping ring (54) is arranged, so that when the clamping rings (54) approach one another axially, i.e. by tightening a clamping screw (53) protruding through both clamping rings (54), which increases the shrinkage force for the non-positive connection of the shaft (55) to the other shaft, the sleeve (50) facing away from the shrink disk having a stop which is located on the sleeve facing away from the shrink disk axial end region of the sleeve (50), the clamping rings (54) and the sleeves (50, 60) each having a radially and / or axially extending slot. Drive device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the cover (1) is made of plastic. Drive device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the recess (22) is a recess. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw axes of the screws are aligned parallel to the shaft (55), so that the housing part (57) absorbs essentially axial force flow of the screws and transverse forces, i.e. radial force flow, of the bearings Wave (55). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing (56) of the shaft (55) and a bearing of a rotor shaft of an electric motor of the drive device are arranged in the central housing part (57), the rotor shaft and shaft (55) being aligned in parallel, wherein an electronic circuit for supplying the electric motor is arranged on the side of the rotor shaft facing away from the shaft. Drive device according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the drive device comprises a gearbox, wherein the shaft (55) is a shaft of the gearbox, and / or comprises an electric motor, wherein the shaft is a rotor shaft of the electric motor, wherein the drive device has an electronic circuit which is provided by a Cover part is at least partially surrounded in a housing-forming manner, which is detachably connected to the central housing part (57) of the drive device.

Images