DE102010044315A1 - Electrolytic cell in a compact design useful for disinfecting contaminated drinking water, comprises at least an rod-like electrolytic body with a tubular cathode, rod-shaped anode and current/voltage source - Google Patents

Electrolytic cell in a compact design useful for disinfecting contaminated drinking water, comprises at least an rod-like electrolytic body with a tubular cathode, rod-shaped anode and current/voltage source Download PDF

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DE102010044315A1
DE102010044315A1 DE102010044315A DE102010044315A DE102010044315A1 DE 102010044315 A1 DE102010044315 A1 DE 102010044315A1 DE 102010044315 A DE102010044315 A DE 102010044315A DE 102010044315 A DE102010044315 A DE 102010044315A DE 102010044315 A1 DE102010044315 A1 DE 102010044315A1
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electrolysis
current
rod
cathode
voltage source
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DE102010044315B4 (en
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Anmelder Gleich
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F27B3/186—Charging in a vertical chamber adjacent to the melting chamber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C02F1/4674—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F27D13/002—Preheating scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/04—Ram or pusher apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/73—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to other rigid printed circuits or like structures
    • H01R12/735—Printed circuits including an angle between each other
    • H01R12/737—Printed circuits being substantially perpendicular to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/36—Assembling printed circuits with other printed circuits
    • H05K3/366—Assembling printed circuits with other printed circuits substantially perpendicularly to each other
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C02F2001/46171—Cylindrical or tubular shaped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/003—Coaxial constructions, e.g. a cartridge located coaxially within another
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/004—Seals, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616—Power supply
    • C02F2201/46165—Special power supply, e.g. solar energy or batteries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616—Power supply
    • C02F2201/4617—DC only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
    • C02F2307/10—Location of water treatment or water treatment device as part of a potable water dispenser, e.g. for use in homes or offices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
    • H05K2201/10295—Metallic connector elements partly mounted in a hole of the PCB
    • H05K2201/10303—Pin-in-hole mounted pins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
    • H05K2201/10325—Sockets, i.e. female type connectors comprising metallic connector elements integrated in, or bonded to a common dielectric support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
    • H05K2201/10424—Frame holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10431—Details of mounted components
    • H05K2201/10439—Position of a single component
    • H05K2201/10446—Mounted on an edge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/211—Solar-powered water purification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
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Abstract

Electrolytic cell (200) in a compact design comprises at least an electrolytic body (211) with a cathode (210), an anode (209) and a current/voltage source (212), where the electrolytic body has a rod-like shape and the cathode of tubular design is provided for receiving a centrally arranged rod-shaped anode; and the cathode and anode are arranged in membrane-free manner with the least possible distance between each other. The electrolysis body in the bottom face has an inlet opening with a protective grid and is formed as an immersion cell.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Elektrolysezelle in kompakter Bauform, umfassend zumindest einen Elektrolysekörper mit einer Kathode und einer Anode sowie einer Strom-/Spannungsquelle, wobei der Elektrolysekörper eine stabförmige Form aufweist und die Kathode rohrförmig ausgebildet zur Aufnahme einer zentrisch angeordneten stabförmigen Anode vorgesehen ist, wobei die Kathode und Anode mit einem geringstmöglichen Abstand zueinander membranfrei angeordnet sind.The invention relates to an electrolytic cell in a compact design, comprising at least one electrolysis body with a cathode and an anode and a current / voltage source, wherein the electrolysis body has a rod-shaped form and the cathode is tubular designed to receive a centrally arranged rod-shaped anode, wherein the Cathode and anode are arranged with a minimum possible distance from each other membrane-free.

Bei der Desinfektion/Entkeimung von sehr kleinen Mengen Trinkwasser (0.25–0.5 ltr.) aus mit Keimen und Krankheitserregern infiziertem Wasser, waren bisher hauptsächlich Chlorpräparate in Form von Tabletten oder Pulver im Einsatz. Diese Produkte sind nur begrenzt haltbar und nicht überall, zum Beispiel im Ausland, leicht oder wegen der Embargo-Richtlinien grundsätzlich nicht zu beschaffen, da nur der einschlägige Fachhandel als Lieferant in Frage kommt.In the disinfection / sterilization of very small amounts of drinking water (0.25-0.5 ltr.) Of water infected with germs and pathogens, were previously mainly chlorine preparations in the form of tablets or powder in use. These products have only a limited shelf life and can not be obtained everywhere, for example abroad, easily or because of the embargo guidelines, as only the relevant specialist dealer is considered to be a supplier.

Aus der US 5,795,459 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem eine Diaphragma-Elektrolysezelle als Eintauchelektrode in das zu behandelnde Wasser eingebracht wird. Der Nachteil bei diesem Verfahren ist, dass hierbei in der abgetrennten Kammer, ätzende Natronlauge (NaOH) entsteht, und bei der beschriebenen Anordnung direkt in das zu behandelnde Trinkwasser gelangt. NaOH führt jedoch zu einer Erhöhung des natürlichen pH-Wertes. Die Folge ist, dass zu einer wirkungsvollen Entkeimungsleistung im Trinkwasser, beispielsweise bei einem erhöhten pH-Wert von 7,8 → 8, die drei bis Fünffache Menge an Oxidationsmittel erforderlich wird. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die willkürliche und unkontrollierte Zugabe von Kochsalz (NaCl), das bei einer Überdosierung nicht restlos elektrolysiert wird und somit zu einer Geschmacksbeeinträchtigung durch Aufsalzung des zu behandelnden Trinkwassers führt.From the US 5,795,459 a method is known in which a diaphragm electrolysis cell is introduced as immersion electrode in the water to be treated. The disadvantage of this method is that here in the separated chamber, caustic soda (NaOH) is formed, and in the described arrangement passes directly into the drinking water to be treated. NaOH, however, leads to an increase in the natural pH. The result is that for an effective sterilization performance in drinking water, for example at an elevated pH of 7.8 → 8, the three to five times the amount of oxidant is required. Another disadvantage is the arbitrary and uncontrolled addition of common salt (NaCl), which is not completely electrolysed in an overdose and thus leads to a deterioration in taste due to salination of the drinking water to be treated.

Aus der EP 0 803 476 A1 ist ein Nottrinkwasser-Verfahren bekannt. Hierbei wird der natürliche Salzgehalt von in der Natur vorkommendem Oberflächenwasser zur Elektrolyse, das heißt Umwandlung von NaCl zu NaClO genutzt. In diesem Gerät ist ein kleines Amperemeter integriert, welches anzeigt, ob genügend NaCl (Salzgehalt) im Wasser vorhanden ist und bei einer Untergrenze den Betreiber darauf hinweist, dass Kochsalz hinzugegeben werden muss, bis sich ein definierter Stromfluss einstellt. Bei diesem Verfahren muss aus Sicherheitsgründen eine höhere Menge an NaClO als Oxidationsmittel erzeugt werden, da bei diesem Wasser im Rohwasserbehälter sehr hohe Werte an organischer Belastung vorliegt, die ebenfalls aufoxidiert werden muss.From the EP 0 803 476 A1 is an emergency drinking water method known. Here, the natural salinity of naturally occurring surface water is used for electrolysis, ie conversion of NaCl to NaClO. In this device, a small ammeter is integrated, which indicates whether sufficient NaCl (salinity) is present in the water and at a lower limit, the operator indicates that common salt must be added until a defined flow of current sets. For safety reasons, this method requires a higher amount of NaClO to be used as the oxidizing agent, since this water in the raw water tank has very high levels of organic contamination, which also has to be oxidised.

Aus der DE 2 003 426 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Wasser, insbesondere für sanitäre Zwecke ohne Zugabe von Chemikalien mittels einer in ein Wassergefäß angeordneten elektrolytischen Zelle bekannt, die beispielsweise in Toilettenanlagen verwendet werden kann. Durch den Betrieb der Elektrolysezelle sollen Krankheitserreger in Leitungssystemen von sanitären Anlagen desinfiziert werden. Da dieses Verfahren für größere Mengen an aufzubereitendem Wasser vorgesehen ist, ist ein sehr komplexer und aufwendiger und teurer apparativer Aufbau erforderlich.From the DE 2 003 426 a device for purifying water, in particular for sanitary purposes without the addition of chemicals by means of an arranged in a water vessel electrolytic cell is known, which can be used for example in toilet facilities. The operation of the electrolysis cell is to disinfect pathogens in piping systems of sanitary facilities. Since this method is intended for larger amounts of water to be treated, a very complex and expensive and expensive apparatus construction is required.

Bekannt sind auch die Verfahren durch Bestrahlung des Wassers mit UV-Licht. Hierbei werden Mikroorganismen ebenfalls wirkungsvoll abgetötet. Jedoch wird dabei kein Desinfektionsmittel mit einer entsprechenden Depotwirkung gegen Nachverkeimung erzeugt. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass die Desinfektionswirkung messtechnisch nicht oder nur mit einem großen Aufwand unter Messung des Redoxpotentials nachgewiesen werden kann, wie dies bei Vorliegen von Überschuss-Chloräquivalenten problemlos mit der DPD-Methode (Diethyl-Phenylen-Diamin) oder Lackmuspapierstreifen durch einfaches Ablesen an der Farbskala von jedem Laien möglich ist.Also known are the methods by irradiation of the water with UV light. Here, microorganisms are also effectively killed. However, no disinfectant is produced with a corresponding depot effect against Nachverkeimung. Another disadvantage is that the disinfecting effect can not be detected by measurement or only with great effort by measuring the redox potential, as in the presence of excess chlorine equivalents without problems with the DPD method (diethyl-phenylene-diamine) or litmus paper strips by simply reading on the color scale of any layman is possible.

Weitere bekannte Verfahren zur Sterilisation von Trinkwasser sind das Abkochen mit dem Nachteil hoher Energiekosten, die technisch aufwendige Zentrifugation sowie das noch aufwendigere und teure Osmose-Verfahren.Other known methods for the sterilization of drinking water are boiling with the disadvantage of high energy costs, the technically complex centrifugation and the even more expensive and expensive osmosis process.

Die Übertragung von gefährlichen Krankheitserregern, besonders in heißen Ländern, ist bereits beim Zähneputzen durch verseuchtes Trinkwasser bekanntermaßen möglich. Selbst sogenanntes Mineralwasser aus Flaschen macht hier keine Ausnahme.The transmission of dangerous pathogens, especially in hot countries, is already known when brushing your teeth through contaminated drinking water. Even so-called bottled mineral water is no exception.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine schnelle, einfache und kostengünstige wie sichere Desinfektion durch eine Elektrolysezelle zu ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to enable a fast, simple and inexpensive as safe disinfection by an electrolysis cell.

Die Aufgabenstellung wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The task is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine kleine transportable Eintauch-Elektrolysezelle, die in einem von innen beleuchtetem stabförmigen Gehäuse eingebaut ist und direkt in ein Trinkgefäß eingetaucht werden kann und in der die Kathode als Rohr und die Anode als Rundstab zentrisch mit einem definierten, geringst möglichem Abstand der Flächen, parallel gegenüberliegend und nicht durch eine Diaphragma-Membran getrennt sind. Durch eine Elektrolysezelle im stabförmigen Format, mit kleinsten Abmessungen und geringstem Gewicht zur Desinfektion von kontaminiertem Trinkwasser, aber auch zur wirkungsvollen Desinfektion von Wasser, zur Wundbehandlung und zum Zähneputzen, oder das Abspülen von Obst und Gemüse, besonders im Ausland, steht eine Möglichkeit zum Entkeimen zur Verfügung, die vom Betreiber keine besondere Fachkenntnisse erfordert und über eine austauschbare, eingebaute Lithium-Ionen Batterien oder alternativ über ein kleines Solarpaneel mit integrierten Puffer-Akku und Verbindungskabel mit Steckvorrichtung, betrieben wird.The invention relates to a small transportable immersion electrolytic cell, which is installed in a rod-shaped housing illuminated from the inside and can be immersed directly in a drinking vessel and in which the cathode as a tube and the anode as a round rod centric with a defined, smallest possible distance of the surfaces , parallel and not separated by a diaphragm. By an electrolytic cell in the rod-shaped format, with the smallest dimensions and lowest weight for the disinfection of contaminated drinking water, but also for the effective disinfection of water, for wound treatment and brushing, or the rinsing of fruit and vegetables, especially abroad, there is a possibility for sterilization available, which requires no special expertise from the operator and a replaceable, built-in Lithium-ion batteries or alternatively via a small solar panel with integrated buffer battery and connection cable with plug-in device is operated.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird insbesondere dadurch gelöst, dass alle erforderlichen Komponenten in einem von innen mehrfarbig beleuchtetem stabförmigen Gehäuse integriert sind, keine externe Stromversorgung erforderlich ist und bei Batterieausfall eine Solarzelle im Brust-Taschenformat über einen kleinen integrierten Puffer-Akku, die weitere erfindungsgemäße Funktion aufrechterhält.The object of the invention is achieved in particular by the fact that all the necessary components are integrated in a multicolored illuminated rod-shaped housing, no external power supply is required and in case of battery failure, a solar cell in breast pocket size over a small integrated buffer battery that maintains further function of the invention ,

Die Beleuchtungsstärke zeigt den Ladezustand der Batterien an und erlaubt gleichzeitig eine Beobachtung des Ausstoßes des Wasserstoffgases, was wiederum ein Indiz für den Stromfluss in der Elektrolysezelle und somit ein proportionales Verhältnis zur Produktion von Natriumhypochlorit anzeigt.The illuminance indicates the state of charge of the batteries and at the same time allows an observation of the emission of the hydrogen gas, which in turn indicates an indication of the current flow in the electrolysis cell and thus a proportional relationship to the production of sodium hypochlorite.

Der Vorteil dieser Erfindung gegenüber anderen ähnlichen Eintauch-Elektrolysezellen liegt darin, dass nicht unnötig aufgelöstes Kochsalz in das Trinkwasser gelangt und somit die Qualität und den Geschmack beeinträchtigt, da in der Regel der natürliche Natriumchloridgehalt des Trinkwassers ausreicht, und nur bei völlig entmineralisiertem Osmosewasser, eine sehr kleine Kochsalztablette mit einem Natriumchloridgehalt von nur 250 mg, als Nahrungsergänzungsmittel, erhältlich in fast allen Apotheken, zugegeben werden muss.The advantage of this invention over other similar immersion electrolysis cells is that not unnecessarily dissolved sodium chloride enters the drinking water and thus affects the quality and taste, since usually the natural sodium chloride content of the drinking water is sufficient, and only with completely demineralized osmosis water, a very small salted saline tablet with a sodium chloride content of only 250 mg, as a dietary supplement, available in almost all pharmacies, must be added.

Der Vorteil dieser sehr kleinen und handlichen Elektrolysezelle im Taschenformat gegenüber anderen ähnlichen Eintauch-Elektrolysezellen liegt darin, dass nur geringe Energiemengen (20–30 mA) für sehr kurze Betriebszeiten von ca. 1–2 Minuten ausreichen, um eine effiziente Desinfektion zu gewährleisten und kein großer apparativer Aufwand an Stromversorgungsgeräten erforderlich ist.The advantage of this very small and handy electrolytic cell in pocket size compared to other similar immersion electrolysis cells is that only small amounts of energy (20-30 mA) for very short operating times of about 1-2 minutes are sufficient to ensure efficient disinfection and no large equipment expense of power supplies is required.

Beim Einschalten der Betriebsspannung durch einen eingebauten Druckschalter liegt Gleichspannung an den Elektroden an, und es wird in der Elektrolysezelle Natriumhypochlorit (NaClO) erzeugt, wobei der natürliche pH-Wert des zu desinfizierenden Trinkwassers beibehalten wird. Gleichzeitig wird jeweils eine farbige Leuchtdiode aktiviert und durch wiederholtes Drücken des Druckschalters wird auf die nächste Leuchtdiode umgeschaltet. Bei nur einmaligem Einschaltimpuls, schaltet der integrierte mikroprozessorgesteuerte Umschalter im Wechsel auf die anderen farbigen LED's um. Dieser Zyklus dient als Zeitmesser für den individuellen Elektrolyseprozess von 1–1,5 Minuten und als Hinweis für den Betriebszustand der Elektrolysezelle.When the operating voltage is switched on by means of a built-in pressure switch, DC voltage is applied to the electrodes and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is produced in the electrolysis cell, whereby the natural pH value of the drinking water to be disinfected is maintained. At the same time a colored light emitting diode is activated in each case and by repeatedly pressing the pressure switch is switched to the next light emitting diode. With only a single switch-on pulse, the integrated microprocessor-controlled changeover switch alternates with the other colored LEDs. This cycle serves as a timer for the individual electrolysis process of 1-1.5 minutes and as an indication of the operating state of the electrolytic cell.

Insbesondere ist der Elektrolysekörper wasserdicht ausgebildet und erlaubt damit, dass die Elektrolysezelle komplett in das zu behandelnde Wasser eingetaucht oder eingelegt werden kann und nicht von dem Benutzer während des Elektrolysevorgangs gehalten werden muss. Dies ist insbesondere von Vorteil, da hier durch die Anwendung wesentlich vereinfacht wird, in dem der Benutzer keine besondere Sorgfalt bei der Verwendung der Elektrolysezelle wallten lassen muss, und Benutzungsfehler, die zur Beeinträchtigung der Funktionsweise der Elektrolysezelle führen, vermieden werden.In particular, the electrolysis body is waterproof and thus allows the electrolytic cell can be completely immersed or inserted into the water to be treated and does not have to be kept by the user during the electrolysis process. This is particularly advantageous since it is considerably simplified by the application in which the user does not have to worry about particular care when using the electrolysis cell, and user errors that lead to impairment of the functioning of the electrolysis cell can be avoided.

Durch die gleichzeitige Entstehung von Wasserstoffgas (H2) entsteht in der Elektrolysezelle eine Verwirbelung und ein Überdruck, der dafür sorgt, dass das erzeugte pH-wertneutrale Desinfektions- und Oxidationsmittel NaClO im oberen Bereich der Elektrolysezelle austritt und gleichzeitig durch den Unterdruck am Fußende der Elektrolysezelle das geregelte Nachströmen von Natriumchlorid unterstützt.Due to the simultaneous formation of hydrogen gas (H 2 ) creates a turbulence and an overpressure in the electrolysis cell, which ensures that the generated pH value neutral disinfectant and oxidant NaClO emerges in the upper part of the electrolysis cell and at the same time by the negative pressure at the foot of the electrolytic cell Supports the controlled subsequent flow of sodium chloride.

Biologisch verseuchtes Wasser wird durch das Desinfektionsverfahren absolut keimfrei, wobei der atomare Sauerstoff (O) im Status nascendi, zum größten Teil eine sehr effiziente Oxidation von Kohlenstoffketten (Cn) zusammen mit dem entstandenen Chlor (Cl) bewirkt.Biologically contaminated water becomes absolutely germ-free by the disinfection procedure, whereby the atomic oxygen (O) in the status nascendi, for the most part causes a very efficient oxidation of carbon chains (C n ) together with the formed chlorine (Cl).

Die Erfindung wird im Weiteren anhand der Figuren näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS.

Es zeigtIt shows

1 eine Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen wasserdichten Elektrolysezelle. 1 a sectional view of the waterproof electrolysis cell according to the invention.

1 zeigt in einer Schnittansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Darstellung der Elektrolysezelle 200, bestehend aus einem Elektrolysekörper 211 mit einer Kathode 210 und einer Anode 209 sowie eine Strom-/Spannungsquelle 212. 1 shows a sectional view of an inventive representation of the electrolysis cell 200 consisting of an electrolysis body 211 with a cathode 210 and an anode 209 as well as a current / voltage source 212 ,

Die kleine im Taschenformat ausgebildete Eintauch-Elektrolysezelle 200 wird direkt in das mit Wasser gefüllte Trinkgefäß bis zur Markierungslinie eingehängt oder eingelegt.The small pocket-sized immersion electrolysis cell 200 is hung directly into the water-filled drinking vessel up to the marking line or inserted.

In der nach unten offenen Kathode 210 dringt durch die Eintrittsöffnung 208 nun Wasser ein und verdrängt die darin befindliche Luft, die über die Austrittsöffnung 207 entweicht, bis die Anode 209 vollständig vom Wasser umgeben ist.In the downwardly open cathode 210 penetrates through the entrance opening 208 Now water and displaces the air in it, the over the outlet 207 escapes until the anode 209 completely surrounded by water.

Durch Betätigen des Druckschalters 205 gegen die Federkraft einer Kontaktfeder 204 wird die Elektrolysezelle 200 an einer wie vor genannten Strom-/Spannungsquelle 212 angeschlossen, sodass eine Spannung an Kathode 210 und Anode 209 anliegt. Die Strom-/Spannungsquelle 212 ist durch eine Dichtung 202 abgedichtet, wobei der Druckschalter 205 gleichzeitig als Stopfen 201 in das Verbindungsrohr 206 hineinragt. By pressing the pressure switch 205 against the spring force of a contact spring 204 becomes the electrolytic cell 200 at a as mentioned before current / voltage source 212 connected, leaving a voltage at cathode 210 and anode 209 is applied. The current / voltage source 212 is through a seal 202 sealed, with the pressure switch 205 at the same time as a stopper 201 in the connecting pipe 206 protrudes.

Bei ausreichender Leitfähigkeit der Elektrolysezelle 200 baut sich zwischen den Elektroden ein elektrisches Feld auf. Bei der Elektrolyse von Kochsalz (NaCl) wird Natriumhypochlorit (NaClO) erzeugt. Gleichzeitig entsteht Wasserstoff (H2), der in der ersten chemischen Reaktion die entstandene Natronlauge (NaOH) durch entsprechende Verwirbelung in der Elektrolysekammer mit dem entstandenen Chlor (Cl2) vermischt, und dadurch entsteht ein neuer Stoff, das erwähnte Natriumhypochlorit (NaClO). Der eintretende Elektrolysestrom kann durch das Austreten des Wasserstoffgases aus der Austrittsöffnung 207 der Kathode 210 aus einer Speziallegierung mit Bohrung ausgebildeten Kathode 210 gut beobachtet werden und ist ein Indikator des Stromflusses. Das entstandene, aufsteigende Wasserstoffgas erzeugt in der Elektrolysezelle 200 einen leichten Überdruck, der dafür sorgt, dass das entstandene Desinfektionsmittel Natriumhypochlorit durch die seitlichen Austrittsöffnung 208 austritt und in das zu desinfizierende und zu entkeimende Trinkwasser gelangt. Gleichzeitig entsteht in der Elektrolysezelle 200 ein leichter Unterdruck, der dafür sorgt, dass die gelöste Salzsole aufsteigt und in den Elektrolysekörper 211 gelangen kann.With sufficient conductivity of the electrolysis cell 200 An electric field builds up between the electrodes. The electrolysis of common salt (NaCl) produces sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). At the same time, hydrogen (H 2 ) is formed, which in the first chemical reaction mixes the resulting caustic soda (NaOH) with the resulting chlorine (Cl 2 ) through turbulence in the electrolysis chamber, thereby creating a new substance, the sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). The incoming electrolysis current can be due to the escape of the hydrogen gas from the outlet opening 207 the cathode 210 made of a special alloy with bore formed cathode 210 be well observed and is an indicator of current flow. The resulting, rising hydrogen gas generated in the electrolysis cell 200 a slight overpressure, which ensures that the resulting disinfectant sodium hypochlorite through the lateral outlet opening 208 exit and get into the disinfected and sterilized drinking water. At the same time arises in the electrolytic cell 200 a slight negative pressure that causes the dissolved brine to rise and into the electrolysis body 211 can get.

Bei Ausfall der Lithium-Ionen Batterien kann die Elektrolysezelle 200 über ein Stromversorgungskabel an eine externe 6 V DC Stromquelle, die wiederum von einem Solarpaneel gespeist wird, angeschlossen werden.In case of failure of the lithium-ion batteries, the electrolysis cell 200 connected via a power cable to an external 6V DC power source powered by a solar panel.

Nach Beendigung des Elektrolysevorgangs und einer Gesamteinwirkzeit von 1–2 Minuten, kann die kleine im Taschenformat ausgebildete Elektrolysezelle 200 wieder herausgenommen werden. Das Wasser ist nun hygienisch einwandfrei und kann, falls erforderlich oder gewünscht, nun über einen offenen drucklosen Aktivkohlefilter gefiltert werden, sofern das Wasser nicht schon vorher entsprechend vorgefiltert wurde. Das Wasser im Trinkgefäß ist nun für den menschlichen Genuss unbedenklich und hygienisch einwandfrei. Es bestehen nach dieser Behandlungsmethode keinerlei gesundheitliche Risiken mehr.After completion of the electrolysis process and a total reaction time of 1-2 minutes, the small pocket-sized electrolysis cell 200 be taken out again. The water is now hygienically flawless and, if required or desired, can now be filtered via an open, pressureless activated carbon filter, provided that the water has not already been pre-filtered accordingly. The water in the drinking vessel is now safe for human consumption and hygienically flawless. There are no health risks after this treatment method.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

200200
Elektrolysezelleelectrolysis cell
201201
StopfenPlug
202202
Dichtungpoetry
203203
Batteriebattery
204204
Kontaktfedercontact spring
205205
Druckschalterpressure switch
206206
Verbindungsrohrconnecting pipe
207207
Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
208208
Eintrittsöffnunginlet opening
209209
Anodeanode
210210
Kathodecathode
211211
Elektrolysekörperelectrolysis body
212212
Strom-/SpannungsquelleCurrent / voltage source

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • US 5795459 [0003] US 5795459 [0003]
  • EP 0803476 A1 [0004] EP 0803476 A1 [0004]
  • DE 2003426 [0005] DE 2003426 [0005]

Claims (6)

Elektrolysezelle (200) in kompakter Bauform, umfassend zumindest einen Elektrolysekörper (211) mit einer Kathode (210) und einer Anode (209) sowie einer Strom-/Spannungsquelle (212), wobei der Elektrolysekörper (211) eine stabförmige Form aufweist und die Kathode (210) rohrförmig ausgebildet zur Aufnahme einer zentrisch angeordneten stabförmigen Anode (209) vorgesehen ist und wobei die Kathode (210) und Anode (209) mit einem geringstmöglichen Abstand zueinander membranfrei angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektrolysekörper (211) in der unteren Stirnfläche eine mit einem Schutzgitter versehene Eintrittsöffnung (208) aufweist und als Eintauchzelle ausgebildet ist.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) in a compact design, comprising at least one electrolysis body ( 211 ) with a cathode ( 210 ) and an anode ( 209 ) as well as a current / voltage source ( 212 ), wherein the electrolysis body ( 211 ) has a rod-shaped form and the cathode ( 210 ) tubular for receiving a centrally arranged rod-shaped anode ( 209 ) and wherein the cathode ( 210 ) and anode ( 209 ) are arranged with a minimum possible distance from each other membrane-free, characterized in that the electrolysis body ( 211 ) in the lower end face a provided with a protective grille inlet opening ( 208 ) and is designed as a dip cell. Elektrolysezelle (200) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Strom-/Spannungsquelle (212) Batterien oder wieder aufladbare Batterien, die den Elektrolyseprozess mindestens 5 Jahre aufrecht erhalten, in den Elektrolysekörper (211) integriert sind.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that as a current / voltage source ( 212 ) Batteries or rechargeable batteries, which maintain the electrolysis process for at least 5 years, in the electrolysis body ( 211 ) are integrated. Elektrolysezelle (200) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein in eine Kontaktfeder integrierter Strombegrenzer beim Übersteigen eines definierten Elektrolysestroms den Elektrolyseprozess automatisch abschaltet und bei Unterschreiten des definierten Elektrolysestroms den Elektrolyseprozess wieder in Gang setzt.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a current limiter integrated in a contact spring automatically overshoots the electrolysis process when a defined electrolysis current is exceeded, and when the electrolysis process falls below the defined electrolysis current it resumes the electrolysis process. Elektrolysezelle (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kathode (210) aus einem äußeren Rohr besteht und gleichzeitig Stromleiter ist.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cathode ( 210 ) consists of an outer tube and at the same time is a conductor. Elektrolysezelle (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Stirnfläche des Elektrolysekörpers (211) durch einen einschraubbaren Stopfen (201) verschließbar ist, wobei durch eine Dichtung der Innenraum der Strom-/Spannungsquelle (212) abgedichtet ist.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper end face of the electrolysis body ( 211 ) by a screw-in plug ( 201 ) is closed, wherein by a seal, the interior of the current / voltage source ( 212 ) is sealed. Elektrolysezelle (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strom-/Spannungsquelle (212) gegenüber der Eintrittsöffnung (208) und einer Austrittsöffnung (207) abgedichtet ist.Electrolysis cell ( 200 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the current / voltage source ( 212 ) opposite the entrance opening ( 208 ) and an exit opening ( 207 ) is sealed.
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