DE102010044007A1 - Universal joint bearing for heavy load, has outer portion whose outer surface is adapted with respect to inner surface of inner portion, so that inner and outer portions are relatively moved in front and back directions - Google Patents

Abstract

The bearing (10) has an inner portion (14) that is surrounded by an outer portion (16) radially divided into two halves. The outer surface (18) of outer portion is adapted with respect to an inner surface (20) of inner portion, so that the inner and outer portions are relatively moved in back and front directions. Two halves of outer portion are pressed or bolted or welded together. The halves of outer portion are made of high-strength steel and aluminum, bronze and ceramic. A lubricating layer of outer portion is made of plastic, ceramic and/or metal. An independent claim is included for manufacturing method of universal joint bearing.

Description

The invention relates to a spherical plain bearing and a method for its production.

Well-known spherical bearings have an inner body and an inner body surrounding the outer body, which is radially divided into a first half and a second half, wherein the outer body has an outer surface of the inner body adapted inner surface, so that the inner body and the outer body are mutually pivotable.

In the case of the spherical plain bearings available on the market, an integrally formed outer body is usually arranged by deformation on the inner body.

However, the joint bearings must often be designed for high and highest mechanical or thermal loads, which makes the use of materials suitable for these loads in their production required. However, an outer body made of such a material can not be arranged on the inner body or only with great effort by forming in the rule.

In the prior art, therefore, a radially divided into two halves outer body is often used, which can be made of simplified or not very difficult to deform materials and arranged on the inner body. However, the spherical plain bearings thus formed are structurally complex and often not very compact.

The object of the invention is to provide an initially mentioned spherical plain bearing with a radially divided outer body, which has a structurally simple, compact and yet highly precise structure and which is generally easier to manufacture, with high-strength and not or hardly deformable materials used for the outer body can be. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for producing such a hinge bearing.

The joint hinge bearing object is achieved by a spherical plain bearing having the features specified in claim 1. The object relating to the method for producing the spherical plain bearing according to the invention is achieved by a method having the features specified in claim 9.

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject invention will become apparent from the description, the claims and the drawings.

According to the invention, the first half and the second half of the outer body are pressed or screwed together, welded, glued and / or hooked. The advantage associated with the pivot bearing according to the invention consists essentially in that the outer body can be arranged in a simple manner on the inner body, without requiring a forming process of the outer body is required. The outer body can be made with its spherically curved (bearing) inner surface easily from solid or high-strength materials that are not or only very difficult to deform. The spherically curved inner surface of the outer body may extend over an entire axial extent of the outer body with regard to a particularly robust joint bearing structure. In addition, a total of a compact, high-precision and simple joint bearing construction is possible. In the event that the two halves of the outer body are bolted together, the two halves are preferably screwed together, d. H. the two halves have mutually corresponding threads. As a result, additional fastening means, such as screws are no longer required, whereby a particularly simple and inexpensive construction of the hinge bearing is made possible. In addition, a relation to radial and axial loads particularly resistant and easy to produce connection of the two halves is made possible. At the same time, the two halves of the outer body can possibly be detached from each other, which offers advantages in terms of cleaning or maintenance of the joint bearing. If the two halves of the outer body are hooked together, this can be achieved in manufacturing technology advantageously by means of a snap connection, in which the two halves of the outer body are locked together. The snap connection can be formed circumferentially and / or between mutually facing or intermeshing edge portions of the two halves of the outer ring. In the case of a welded joint, the two halves of the outer body are in particular circumferentially welded together.

The first and the second half of the outer body may in particular be formed from a high-strength steel, high-strength aluminum, special sliding bronze and / or a ceramic material. As a result, the joint bearing can be designed for high and highest loads. The inner body may in particular be formed from a metallic material and / or non-metallic material, in particular a ceramic.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and the second half of the outer body are each as a bearing half shells educated. As a result, a more uniform load transfer is achieved in the outer body.

With regard to a sliding friction resistance which is as low as possible in a relative movement of the outer body and the inner body, a sliding layer is preferably arranged between the inner body and the outer body. The sliding layer preferably separates the outer surface of the inner body completely from the inner surface of the outer body. In addition, a radial or axial clearance can be adjusted via a corresponding dimensioning of the sliding layer. The sliding layer may in particular have a plurality of sliding layer sections, which differ from one another, in particular in their material or their structure.

The sliding layer may in particular be a, preferably multi-layered, plastic, ceramic, and / or metal layer.

After an advantageous embodiment of manufacturing aspects of the invention, the sliding layer is formed by at least one film. Such films are available on the market with different structure and with different material properties pre-assembled and allow a low-cost and easy-to-manufacture overlay that meets the highest requirements. The sliding layer is preferably a thin film. Also, the sliding layer may be formed by a lubricating varnish.

The first half of the outer body preferably has a first sliding layer section and the second half of the outer body has a second sliding layer section of the sliding layer. As a result, the production of the joint bearing can be significantly simplified. The sliding layer sections may differ from one another, in particular in their material.

According to a development of the invention, the two halves of the outer body each have at least one annular sealing element. As a result, the spherical plain bearing can be protected against environmental influences, in particular against contamination.

In the method according to the invention for producing a spherical plain bearing, the first half of the outer body is positioned on the inner body and subsequently screwed to the second half of the outer body, in particular screwed into the first half of the outer body, and / or adhesively bonded and / or welded and / or pressed and / or hooked. This makes it possible to produce a spherical plain bearing with a simple structure and to use heavy or non-deformable materials such as ceramic, high-strength steel, special sliding bronze or aluminum for the outer body of the joint bearing.

Proposed is a joint bearing with a one, preferably spherically curved, outer surface having inner body and with a radially surrounding the inner body outer body, which is radially divided into a first half and a second half. The outer body has an inner surface adapted to the outer surface of the inner body, so that the inner body and the outer body are pivotable relative to one another. According to the two halves of the outer body are pressed and / or screwed together, welded, glued and / or hooked, in particular locked together.

Also proposed is a method for producing such a joint bearing.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The embodiment shown and described is not to be understood as an exhaustive list, but rather has exemplary character for the description of the invention.

The figures of the drawing show the subject matter according to the invention in a highly schematized manner and are not to be understood to scale. The individual components of the article according to the invention are shown so that their structure can be well shown.

In the drawing show:

1 a joint bearing according to the invention with an inner body and with this annularly encompassing outer body, which is divided radially into two bearing shells, wherein the two bearing shells are screwed together, in longitudinal section;

2 the first bearing half shell ( 2a ) and the second bearing half shell ( 2 B ) of the hinge bearing according to 1 , each in longitudinal section; and

3 one to the joint bearing according to 1 similar joint bearing, which has a disposed between the inner body and the outer body sliding layer, in longitudinal section ( 3a ) and in an end-face plan view ( 3b ).

In 1 is a total with 10 designated joint bearing with a joint axis 12 shown. The joint bearing 10 has one to the hinge axis 12 coaxially arranged and designed as an inner ring inner body 14 and a coaxially arranged outer body 16 on, the inner body 14 circumferentially engages annularly.

The inner body 14 has a spherically curved outer surface 18 on, the outer body 16 with a spherically curved inner surface 20 along its entire axial longitudinal extent positively abuts, so that the outer body 16 and the inner body 14 can be pivoted against each other in Gleitspiel-form closure.

The outer body 16 is radially in two as the first bearing half shell 22 or as a second bearing half shell 24 divided halves formed by means of a screw connection 26 interconnected, ie here without further connection means, such as screws, are screwed together.

The first bearing half shell 22 has one of the second bearing half shell 24 associated tongue-shaped edge portion 28 on, the second bearing half shell 24 in the area of the screw connection 26 overlaps in the radial direction.

The second bearing half shell 24 has a plan executed annular end face 30 on, which is also a ring-shaped and plan executed shoulder surface 32 of the first bearing half shell 22 positive fit.

The two half bearings 22 ; 24 each have a first and a second spherical bearing half-shell inner surfaces 22 ' . 24 ' on, the steplessly merge into each other and the spährisch formed inner surface 20 of the outer body 16 form.

The two bearing half-shell inner surfaces 22 '; 24 ' the bearing half shells 22 ; 24 each have annular grooves 34 on, in each of which an annular sealing element 36 is held, that of the spherical outer surface 18 of the annular inner body 14 each sealingly applied.

The first bearing half shell 22 has at both ends an outwardly facing chamfer 38 on.

The annular inner body 14 is made of a stainless steel and the outer body 16 is made of a special sliding bronze. The inner body may also be made of another metallic and / or non-metallic material, in particular a ceramic. The outer body 16 According to the invention, it can also be made from another material which is difficult or impossible to form, in particular a ceramic, high-strength steel and / or high-strength aluminum.

In 2 are the two bearing shells 22 ; 24 of the outer body 16 before mounting on the in 1 reproduced inner body 14 played.

As in 2a shown, the first bearing half shell 22 a cylindrical outer diameter D on. The right in the Fig. Pointing edge portion 28 the first bearing half shell 22 is with an internal thread 40 provided having a thread diameter M. The shoulder surface 32 is clearly visible in the figure.

As from the in 2 B shown longitudinal section of the second bearing half shell 24 shows, this has circumferentially on the internal thread 40 the first bearing half shell complementary external thread 42 with a thread diameter M of the internal thread 40 the first bearing half shell 22 corresponding thread diameter M 'on. The face 30 is clearly visible in the figure.

When installing the hinge bearing 10 First, the first bearing half shell 22 of the outer body 16 on the inner body 14 positioned and subsequently the second bearing half shell 24 of the outer body 16 with its external thread 42 in the internal thread 40 the first bearing half shell 22 screwed in until the end face 30 the second bearing half shell 24 the assigned shoulder surface 32 the first bearing half shell 22 positively and with a defined contact pressure applied.

In 3 is another embodiment of a joint bearing 10 ' in a longitudinal section ( 3a ) and a frontal plan view ( 3b ). The joint bearing 10 ' differs from the joint bearing explained above substantially in that between the inner body 14 and the outer body 16 of the joint warehouse 10 ' a sliding layer 44 is arranged. The sliding layer 44 is by two sliding layer sections 44 ' formed, each on one of the two bearing shells 22 ; 24 are attached. The sliding layer 44 is executed in the embodiment shown here as a plastic layer.

The first and the second bearing half shell 22 ; 24 consists in the embodiment shown here in each case of a non-deformable material, here a ceramic material. The two half bearings 22 ; 24 However, they can also be made of high-strength steel, special sliding bronze, hardened aluminum or titanium or a composite material with one of these materials. The inner body of the joint bearing 10 ' is made of stainless steel.

The assembly of the hinge bearing 10 ' corresponds to that associated with the 1 and 2 explained embodiment, wherein the two spherical bearing half-shell inner surfaces 22 '; 24 ' in advance with the respective sliding layer section 44 ' be provided.

Instead of the above-described screw, it is also possible to firmly connect the two bearing shells by welding, gluing, press-fitting or by mutual hooking, in particular by means of a snap connection.

With the invention it is possible to produce spherical bearings for high and highest loads, the two-part outer body of one or more non-or difficult to convert materials high and highest strength, and have a particularly compact and simple structure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10, 10 '

Spherical plain bearings

12

joint axis

14

inner body

16

outer body

18

Outer surface of the inner body

20

Inner surface of the outer body

22

first bearing half shell

22 '

first bearing half-shell inner surface

24

second bearing half shell

24 '

second bearing half-shell inner surface

26

screw

28

edge section

30

face

32

shoulder surface

34

groove

36

sealing element

38

chamfer

40

inner thread

42

external thread

44

Overlay

44 '

Overlay section

D

Outer diameter of the first bearing half shell

M

Thread diameter of the internal thread

M '

Thread diameter of external thread

Claims (10)

Spherical bearing ( 10 ; 10 ' ) with an inner body ( 14 ) and with an inner body enclosing the outer body ( 16 ) which is radially divided into a first half and a second half, wherein the outer body ( 16 ) one of an outer surface ( 18 ) of the inner body ( 14 ) adapted inner surface ( 20 ), so that the inner body ( 14 ) and the outer body ( 16 ) are pivotable towards each other, characterized in that the two halves of the outer body ( 16 ) are pressed or bolted together, welded, glued and / or hooked. Spherical bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second half of the outer body ( 16 ) are each formed of a non or difficult to deform material, in particular high-strength steel, high-strength aluminum, special sliding bronze and / or a ceramic material. Spherical bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and the second half of the outer body ( 16 ) each as a bearing half shell ( 22 ; 24 ) are formed. Spherical bearing according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the inner body ( 14 ) and the outer body ( 16 ) a sliding layer ( 44 ) is arranged. Spherical bearing according to one of the claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the sliding layer ( 44 ) is a, preferably multi-layered, plastic, ceramic, and / or metal layer. Spherical bearing according to claim, characterized in that the sliding layer ( 44 ) is a thin film and / or is formed by at least one film. Spherical bearing according to claim, characterized in that the two halves of the outer body ( 16 ) each have a sliding layer section ( 44 ' ) of the sliding layer ( 44 ) exhibit. Spherical bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two halves of the outer body ( 16 ) each at least one annular sealing element ( 36 ) exhibit. Method for producing a hinge bearing ( 10 ; 10 ' ) with an inner body ( 14 ) and with an inner body enclosing the outer body ( 16 ) which is radially divided into a first half and a second half, wherein the outer body ( 16 ) one of an outer surface ( 18 ) of the inner body ( 14 ) adapted inner surface ( 20 ), so that the inner body ( 14 ) and the outer body ( 16 ) are mutually pivotable, characterized in that the first half of the outer body ( 16 ) on the inner body ( 14 ) and subsequently the second half of the outer body ( 16 ) is pressed or screwed, glued, welded and / or hooked with the first half. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the two halves of the outer body ( 16 ) before mounting on the inner body ( 14 ) each with one to form the overlay ( 44 ) provided sliding layer section ( 44 ' ).

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