DE102010037743A1 - Method for operating two-stroke engine, involves centrally injecting fuel by injection nozzle and mixing vaporized fuel with exhaust gas and fresh air before piston reaches top dead center during ignition period - Google Patents
Method for operating two-stroke engine, involves centrally injecting fuel by injection nozzle and mixing vaporized fuel with exhaust gas and fresh air before piston reaches top dead center during ignition period Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010037743A1 DE102010037743A1 DE102010037743A DE102010037743A DE102010037743A1 DE 102010037743 A1 DE102010037743 A1 DE 102010037743A1 DE 102010037743 A DE102010037743 A DE 102010037743A DE 102010037743 A DE102010037743 A DE 102010037743A DE 102010037743 A1 DE102010037743 A1 DE 102010037743A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- cylinder
- fresh air
- exhaust gas
- dead center
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
- F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B23/101—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector being placed on or close to the cylinder centre axis, e.g. with mixture formation using spray guided concepts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/028—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation for two-stroke engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
- F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Betriebsverfahren für einen Zweitaktmotor. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem einen nach diesem Betriebsverfahren arbeitenden Zweitaktmotor.The present invention relates to an operating method for a two-stroke engine. The invention also relates to a two-stroke engine operating according to this method of operation.
Aus der
Aus der
Hierdurch sollen insbesondere die Leistung des Zweitaktmotors verbessert sowie eine gesteigerte Abgasqualität erreicht werden.As a result, in particular the performance of the two-stroke engine to be improved and an increased exhaust gas quality to be achieved.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, ein verbessertes Betriebsverfahren für einen Zweitaktmotor anzugeben, das insbesondere eine bessere Verbrennung und damit eine gesteigerte Leistung sowie eine verringerte Schadstoffemission ermöglichen.The present invention addresses the problem of providing an improved operating method for a two-stroke engine, which in particular allow better combustion and thus increased performance and reduced pollutant emissions.
Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, einen Kompressionstakt bei einem Zweitaktmotor wie folgt zu gliedern: Zunächst strömt an einem unteren Totpunkt eines in einem Zylinder oszillierenden Kolbens des Zweitaktmotors Frischluft über eine in einer Zylinderwandung vorgesehene Einlassöffnung rotierend ein. Dies bedeutet, dass die in den Brennraum einströmende Frischluft mit Drall in den Brennraum einströmt. Dabei verdrängt die einströmende Frischluft einen Teil vom noch im Brennraum vorhandenen Abgas über eine im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Auslassöffnung. Durch eine Bewegung des Kolbens ausgehend vom unteren Totpunkt in Richtung des oberen Totpunkts wird zunächst die Einlassöffnung geschlossen, woraufhin auch die im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Auslassöffnung geschlossen wird. Nach dem Schließen der beiden Öffnungen erfolgt ein zentrales Einspritzen von Kraftstoff durch eine zentral im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Düse, insbesondere Einspritzdüse. Hierbei vermischt sich der eingespritzte Kraftstoff zunächst mit dem noch vorhandenen Abgas des vorherigen Arbeitstakts und verdampft aufgrund der hohen Temperatur des noch im Brennraum vorhandenen Abgases unmittelbar. Durch die Rotation der einströmenden Frischluft und das unmittelbare Verdampfen des Kraftstoffs aufgrund des heißen Abgases, vermischen sich der verdampfte Kraftstoff, das Abgas und die Frischluft zu einem homogenen Kraftstoff-Abgas-Frischluftgemisch bevor der Kolben den oberen Totpunkt und damit den Zündzeitpunkt erreicht. Hierdurch können eine besonders homogene Durchmischung des vorgenannten Gemisches und damit eine besonders leistungsstarke und saubere Verbrennung erreicht werden. Dies bietet den besonderen Vorteil, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Betriebsverfahren arbeitende Zweitaktmotoren im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Zweitaktmotoren leistungsstärker und zugleich emissionsärmer sind.The present invention is based on the general idea of dividing a compression stroke in a two-stroke engine as follows: First, at a bottom dead center of a cylinder of an oscillating piston of the two-stroke engine, fresh air flows in rotation via an inlet opening provided in a cylinder wall. This means that the incoming fresh air into the combustion chamber flows with swirl into the combustion chamber. In this case, the incoming fresh air displaces part of the exhaust gas still present in the combustion chamber via an outlet opening arranged in the cylinder head. As a result of a movement of the piston starting from bottom dead center in the direction of top dead center, first the inlet opening is closed, whereupon the outlet opening arranged in the cylinder head is also closed. After closing the two openings, a central injection of fuel takes place through a nozzle arranged centrally in the cylinder head, in particular an injection nozzle. In this case, the injected fuel initially mixes with the remaining exhaust gas of the previous operating cycle and evaporates directly due to the high temperature of the exhaust gas still present in the combustion chamber. By the rotation of the incoming fresh air and the immediate evaporation of the fuel due to the hot exhaust gas, the vaporized fuel, the exhaust gas and the fresh air mix to a homogeneous fuel-exhaust gas fresh air mixture before the piston reaches the top dead center and thus the ignition timing. This allows a particularly homogeneous mixing of the above mixture and thus a particularly powerful and clean combustion can be achieved. This offers the particular advantage that working with the operating method according to the invention two-stroke engines are more powerful and at the same time lower emissions compared to conventional two-stroke engines.
Die Erfindung beruht weiter auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, einen nach dem im vorigen Absatz beschriebenen Betriebsverfahren arbeitenden Zweitaktmotor anzugeben, mit einem in einem Zylinder oszillierenden Kolben, einer Einlassöffnung zur Frischluftzufuhr, die in einer Zylinderwandung angeordnet ist, einer im Zylinderkopf angeordneten Auslassöffnung sowie einer zentral im Zylinderkopf angeordneten Einspritzdüse. Die Einlassöffnung ist dabei oberhalb des unteren Totpunkts angeordnet, wogegen die Auslassöffnung im Zylinderkopf oberhalb des oberen Totpunkts angeordnet ist. Durch die zentral im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Einspritzdüse erfolgt eine besonders homogene Vermischung mit dem heißen noch im Brennraum vorhandenen Abgas und damit ein schlagartiges Verdampfen des eingespritzten Kraftstoffes, ohne dass dieser beispielsweise mit den Brennraumwänden in Kontakt tritt. Erfindungswesentlich ist hierzu insbesondere die zentral im Zylinderkopf angeordnete Einspritzdüse.The invention is further based on the general idea to provide a working according to the operating method described in the previous paragraph two-stroke engine with a piston oscillating in a cylinder, an inlet opening for fresh air supply, which is arranged in a cylinder wall, arranged in the cylinder head outlet opening and a centrally in the Cylinder head arranged injection nozzle. The inlet opening is arranged above the bottom dead center, whereas the outlet opening is arranged in the cylinder head above the top dead center. By centrally arranged in the cylinder head injector is a particularly homogeneous mixing with the hot still present in the combustion chamber exhaust gas and thus a sudden evaporation of the injected fuel without this occurs, for example, with the combustion chamber walls in contact. Essential to the invention for this purpose is in particular the injection nozzle arranged centrally in the cylinder head.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung des Zweitaktmotors, ist der Kolben zum Brennraum hin kegelförmig ausgebildet. Die kegelförmige Ausbildung bewirkt dabei im Zusammenspiel mit der Einlassöffnung eine Drallbewegung der einströmenden Frischluft, wodurch eine besonders gute Vermischung der einströmenden Frischluft mit dem noch im Brennraum vorhandenen Abgas sowie dem eingespritzten Kraftstoff erfolgt. Diese homogene Durchmischung des Kraftstoff-Abgas-Frischluftgemisches wiederum ist Grundlage für eine effektive, gleichmäßige und vollständige Verbrennung, woraus die gesteigerte Leistungsfähigkeit und gleichzeitig die verringerte Schadstoffemission resultieren. Selbstverständlich ist in diesem Sinne auch die Einlassöffnung derart ausgebildet, dass die Frischluft mit einem Drall in den Zylinder einströmen kann. Das Einströmen der Frischluft erfolgt somit im Wesentlichen tangential in dem Zylinder. In a further development of the two-stroke engine according to the invention, the piston is conical towards the combustion chamber. The conical design causes in conjunction with the inlet opening a swirling movement of the incoming fresh air, whereby a particularly good mixing of the incoming fresh air takes place with the still present in the combustion chamber exhaust gas and the injected fuel. This homogeneous mixing of the fuel-exhaust-fresh air mixture in turn is the basis for an effective, uniform and complete combustion, resulting in the increased performance and at the same time the reduced pollutant emissions. Of course, in this sense, the inlet opening is formed such that the fresh air can flow with a twist in the cylinder. The inflow of the fresh air thus takes place substantially tangentially in the cylinder.
Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Bauteile beziehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.
Dabei zeigen, jeweils schematischShow, each schematically
Entsprechend den
Der erfindungsgemäße Zweitaktmotor
Gemäß der
Gemäß der
Durch die zentrale Anordnung der Einspritzdüse
Betrachtet man die
Generell kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Zweitaktmotor
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102006047515 A1 [0002] DE 102006047515 A1 [0002]
- DE 102007025285 A1 [0003] DE 102007025285 A1 [0003]
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010037743.0A DE102010037743B4 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2010-09-23 | Operating procedure for a two-stroke engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010037743.0A DE102010037743B4 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2010-09-23 | Operating procedure for a two-stroke engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102010037743A1 true DE102010037743A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
DE102010037743B4 DE102010037743B4 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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DE102010037743.0A Expired - Fee Related DE102010037743B4 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2010-09-23 | Operating procedure for a two-stroke engine |
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Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3510770A1 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-10-16 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with exhaust valve arranged in the cylinder head |
EP0198816A2 (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-22 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Two-stroke internal-combustion engine |
EP0204687A2 (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-10 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Two-stroke internal-combustion engine |
DE4228517A1 (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1994-03-03 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Diesel engine |
DE10100054A1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-07-04 | Bartsch Christian | Conventionally-valved, directly- or indirectly-injected, diesel or petrol four-stroke engine, has tangential entry port for flushing air, promoting intense swirl in charge |
DE10203340A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Two-stroke internal combustion engine has freely adjustable opening and closing time point for gas changing valve for closing fresh gas inlet opening in cylinder head |
DE102006047515A1 (en) | 2006-10-07 | 2008-04-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Double-acting internal combustion (IC) engine for motor vehicle, locates vertical component of main vector of fresh air flow from spin channel close to top dead center of piston in cylinder |
DE102007025285A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Günther, Andreas | Two-stroke internal combustion engine operating method, involves closing inlet and outlet ports and combustion chamber-sided opening of transfer port by piston when piston moves to upper dead centre at time point |
-
2010
- 2010-09-23 DE DE102010037743.0A patent/DE102010037743B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3510770A1 (en) * | 1985-03-25 | 1986-10-16 | Gebrüder Sulzer AG, Winterthur | Two-stroke internal combustion engine with exhaust valve arranged in the cylinder head |
EP0198816A2 (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-22 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Two-stroke internal-combustion engine |
EP0204687A2 (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-10 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Two-stroke internal-combustion engine |
DE4228517A1 (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1994-03-03 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Diesel engine |
DE10100054A1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-07-04 | Bartsch Christian | Conventionally-valved, directly- or indirectly-injected, diesel or petrol four-stroke engine, has tangential entry port for flushing air, promoting intense swirl in charge |
DE10203340A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Two-stroke internal combustion engine has freely adjustable opening and closing time point for gas changing valve for closing fresh gas inlet opening in cylinder head |
DE102006047515A1 (en) | 2006-10-07 | 2008-04-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Double-acting internal combustion (IC) engine for motor vehicle, locates vertical component of main vector of fresh air flow from spin channel close to top dead center of piston in cylinder |
DE102007025285A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Günther, Andreas | Two-stroke internal combustion engine operating method, involves closing inlet and outlet ports and combustion chamber-sided opening of transfer port by piston when piston moves to upper dead centre at time point |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
BASSHUYSEN, Richard van: Handbuch Verbrennungsmotor. 4. Auflage. Wiesbaden : Vieweg und Teubner, 2007. S. 536: Bild 12-25. - ISBN 978-3-8348-0227-9 * |
BAUER, Horst: Kraftfahrtechnisches Taschenbuch / BOSCH. 22. Auflage. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag, 1998. 506. - ISBN 3-540-62219-5 * |
WOSCHNI, G.: Verbrennungsmotoren - Skriptum zur Vorlesung. 2. Auflage. München : Eigenverlag TU München, 1988. Seite 67, Bild 3.37; Seite 101-110; Seite 169, Bild 7.67. - ISBN -- * |
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