DE102010035057A1 - Adjustment for a rolling bearing and storage system with this adjustment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention has for its object to propose an adjusting device for a rolling bearing, which is characterized by an improved functional behavior. For this purpose, an adjusting device for a rolling bearing 4 with at least one rolling element ring 6, wherein the rolling bearing 4 defines an axis of rotation 2, is proposed, the adjusting device being designed to apply an axially directed force between the rolling element ring 6 and a surrounding structure 7 in order to bring the rolling element ring 6 in to adjust and / or preload in the axial direction, with at least one circumferential membrane 12, which closes a pressurizable area 10 in a base body of the adjusting device and which can be deflected in the axial direction, the circumferential membrane being designed as a metal membrane 12.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to an adjusting device for a rolling bearing having at least one Wälzkörperring, wherein the rolling bearing defines an axis of rotation, wherein the adjusting device is formed between the Wälzkörperring and a surrounding structure to apply an axially directed force to adjust the Wälzkörperring in the axial direction and / or bias , And with at least one circumferential diaphragm which closes a pressurizable area in a base body of the adjusting device and which is deflectable in the axial direction. The invention also relates to a storage system with this adjustment.

Rolling bearings are used today in numerous applications and consist in many designs of an inner ring, an outer ring and rolling elements arranged therebetween, which roll in operation on the inner and outer ring. In many applications, the bearings are biased in the installed position, that is, the rings are mounted so that even in the mounting position, possibly before the operation of the bearings, a force between the rings on the rolling elements is transmitted.

For example, this describes EP 0 692 645 B1 an arrangement in a manual transmission comprising a bearing disposed between a transmission case and a transmission shaft bearing having a predetermined bearing clearance. In this document, a pressure means is proposed, which can apply an axial, the predetermined game reducing force on an outer ring of the bearing, at least in some operating situations.

The publication DE 8 421 405 U1 , which is probably the closest prior art, describes a device for detecting and recording the exerted by a driving or driven shaft having machine on its thrust bearing axial forces with a thrust bearing for the shaft surrounding bearing housing, from which the axial forces are absorbed between a housing plate of the thrust bearing and a contact surface of the housing an annular measuring and compensation chamber is formed, in which a circumferentially self-contained, elastically extensible hose is inserted, which has at least one pressure connection for applying a pressure medium and a pressure transducer, such as a Accumulator, a hydraulic pump or the like can be connected. Although it is primarily considered in this document, to measure the pressure occurring over the hose and thus the load in the axial direction. However, it is also disclosed that it is possible to stretch the hose by pressurizing the hose more strongly by pressurized fluid and to axially displace the entire shaft relative to the bearing housing.

description

The invention has for its object to propose an adjustment for a rolling bearing, which is characterized by improved performance. The invention is also based on the object to propose a storage system with such an adjustment.

These objects are achieved by an adjusting device with the features of claim 1 and by a storage system with the features of claim 9. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

According to the invention, an adjusting device for a roller bearing is proposed with at least one Wälzkörperring. The rolling bearing is preferably designed as a radial bearing and in particular as an angular bearing. The Wälzkörperring may be an inner ring, an outer ring, a stationary during operation or even a rotating or pivoting in operation ring. For the purpose of definition, the axis of rotation of the rolling bearing is used below as the basis for the terms axial and radial.

The adjusting device is designed so that it can apply an axially directed force, in particular substantially axially directed force between the Wälzkörperring and a surrounding structure to adjust the Wälzkörperring in the axial direction, in particular substantially in the axial direction and / or bias. The surrounding construction can be, for example, a housing or also a part, in particular a shoulder of a shaft. However, the rolling element ring is preferably arranged stationarily in a stationary surrounding construction.

The adjusting device comprises at least one around the axis of rotation, at least partially, preferably completely encircling membrane which closes a pressurizable area in a base body of the adjusting and which is deflectable in the axial direction. A membrane is preferably understood to mean a region which, due to the inherent elasticity and / or elasticity of the attachment, is designed to be deflected from one side towards the other side in response to a pressure or a force. With regard to production, it is conceivable that the basic body can be made by machining or also by shaping.

In the context of the invention it is proposed that the circumferential membrane is formed as a metal membrane and / or that the maximum axial displacement, so the maximum axial deflection, less than 0.3 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm and in particular less than 0 , 05 mm is. In particular, the adjustment corresponds to the elastically deflectable region of the membrane.

It is a consideration of the invention that in many applications where preloaded roller bearings, particularly angular contact bearings, are used, different preloads would be desirable depending on the operating condition of the bearing. To be mentioned here as application examples of the invention pinion shafts in transmissions, which are previously biased for a specific load case. For all other load cases, this bias is not optimal. At higher loads, a lower preload would be useful to reduce the bearing load, at low load, however, a higher bias to avoid slippage would be useful.

The adjusting device according to the invention allows, inter alia, an adaptation, in particular load-dependent adaptation, the bias, which z. B. can lead to an increase in the bearing life.

In a preferred application, the adjusting device is designed and / or arranged in the bearing system such that it can act on a clearance-free rolling bearing, so that very small maximum axial adjustment paths are sufficient to change the pretension. In this possible application, it is advantageous if the circumferential membrane is formed as the metal membrane, which, although only a limited deflection allows, but is characterized by a long life and easy assembly or manufacture. Functionally considered, it seems sufficient in particular in this application that the maximum axial displacement is less than 0.3 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm and in particular less than 0.05 mm. In some applications, 20 μm to 30 μm are enough to change the preload within the required limits.

In one possible embodiment of the invention, the base body is designed as a ring component. This very simple embodiment executes the main body as an annular, hollow body, in which the pressure-absorbable region is arranged, in particular molded.

In another embodiment, the Wälzkörperring itself is formed as the main body. This adjustment and Wälzkörperring is a one-piece component, which can be easily mounted.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the metal membrane may be made in one piece from the main body. For example, an annular channel is incorporated as the pressurizable area in the body, which is designed to be rigid in terms of radial expansion and / or housing side supported and axially designed to implement the adjustment path in comparison to yielding. In possible alternatives, the pressurizable area may be arranged in the ring component or in the Wälzkörperring.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the metal membrane is placed on the base body and is connected to this to form the pressurizable area. For example, the main body, in particular the Wälzkörperring and / or the ring member, a circumferential pressure pocket in an end face as the pressurizable area. On the front side or end face of the main body, a preferably thin-walled lid is fastened in particular as a material, positive or non-positive fit as the metal diaphragm, wherein the lid can deform and / or deflect axially elastically due to its thinness.

In the pressurizable area is preferably a non-compressible medium, such as oil or other hydraulic fluid, or a pasty medium, such as grease, arranged, which can be pressurized and transmits the pressure on the membrane.

In a first possible embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device has at least one pressure interface for connecting an external pressure system, such as, for example, a hydraulic system or pneumatic system. The pressure system is designed to pressurize the pressurizable area in the body and in this way to bring the adjusting device to a deflection of the membrane.

In another embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device has an integrated pressure generating system and is thus realized independently of external pressure systems. The pressure generating system is designed, for example, as a mechanical system, which in possible embodiments comprises a mechanically actuated plunger which, with the optional interposition of a seal, the pressure in the increased pressure range. The mechanically actuated punch may be formed in some embodiments as a clamping screw or coupled thereto. By screwing the clamping screw, an adjusting movement of the punch is carried out in its axial direction, so that the piston pressurizes a medium in the pressure-generating region. To adjust the clamping screw additional adjusting devices, for example, an electric motor can be provided. The advantage of such a solution is that an activation or control of the adjusting device can also be implemented if no oil lubrication or no pressure connection (for example air pressure connection), in particular no pressure system, is available in the installation situation.

Another object of the invention relates to a storage system having the features of claim 9, which comprises at least one rolling bearing and which has an adjusting device according to claim 1 or according to one of the preceding claims or according to the preceding description. In particular, the adjusting device is arranged and / or designed in the bearing system to change a preload on a rolling element ring of the rolling bearing from a first preload value to a second preload value. Specially preferred is the rolling bearing even with a passive or deactivated adjusting device backlash or slightly biased installed and / or trained.

In a further development of the invention, the bearing system has a measuring device for measuring the load acting on the rolling bearing as a measured variable, wherein the load can be designed as a torque, a force or a path. In addition, the storage system comprises a control device for controlling the adjustment depending on the measured load. Thus, the measured variable is detected as an actual value via the measuring device and adjusted in the control device with a desired value. In case of deviations, the acting pressure P is increased or reduced by the control device in the adjusting device. After the travel of the adjusting device, in particular the deflection in the axial direction, a function of the pressure P, the pressure change leads to a change in the axial height of the adjustment and thus to a bias and / or adjustment of the bearing.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings. Showing:

1a a schematic longitudinal section through a storage system with adjustment as a first embodiment of the invention;

1b a detail from the 1a in two different operating states;

2a a second embodiment of a storage system with adjusting device;

2 B the storage system in the 2a in another operating condition;

3 another storage system as a third embodiment of the invention in the same representation as the 1a and 2a ;

four A fourth embodiment of a storage system in the same representation as the preceding figures;

5 a schematic longitudinal section through an alternative embodiment of the adjusting device in the preceding figures.

Corresponding or identical parts are each provided with the same or the same reference numerals.

The 1a shows a storage system 1 in a schematic longitudinal section through the axis of rotation 2 , The storage system 1 can be used for example in pinion shafts in gearboxes.

The storage system 1 shows a wave 3 , which has two rolling bearings four , designed as angular contact bearings, in particular as tapered roller bearings, is stored. The rolling bearings four are positioned to each other in O arrangement. Each an inner ring 5 The rolling bearing is non-rotatable with the shaft 3 connected, an outer ring 6 supports at least in the radial direction to the shaft 3 or rotation axis 2 on a surrounding construction 7 , which is designed here as a housing, from. In the axial direction is between the left rolling bearing four and the housing a ring member 8th interposed, which on the one hand on a shoulder 9 the surrounding construction 7 and on the other hand on the outer ring 6 supported.

In the ring component 8th is circumferentially a pressurizable area 10 introduced, which has a rectangular sectional area in the longitudinal section shown. The pressurizable area 10 is via a print interface 11 with a pressure system, not shown, in particular fluidically connectable. The ring component 8th has at its axial end faces in each case a circumferential membrane 12 on, which compared to the circumferential, radial areas 13 are formed thin-walled. One or both of the membrane 12 can be integral in the main body of the ring member 8th be educated. For example, the pressurizable area becomes 10 with one or both membranes 12 produced by a machining production method.

The 1b shows the ring component 8th as a detail enlargement in the 1a , wherein an operating state without pressurization by solid lines and an operating state with pressurization in the pressurizable area 10 is shown by dashed lines. As can be seen from the presentation in the 1b results, the membranes become 12 deflected due to the pressurization along an adjustment d in the axial direction, so that here results in a Gesamtverstellweg of 2d. Looking again at the 1a , it can be seen that by the deflection of the membranes 12 the outer ring 6 shifted in the axial direction and in this way the left rolling bearing four is biased. To influence the direction of the volume change, is the ring member 8th radially designed as rigid as possible or supported on the housing side and formed axially against yielding, so that only a small deformation takes place in the radial direction. A provision of the adjustment can be done via a spring adjustment, for example via disc springs, or via another, acting in the opposite direction working member.

In the pressurizable area 10 may be arranged a liquid, pasty or solid medium, which has little or no compressibility. For example, the medium may be formed as oil or fat. The deflection d of the membranes 12 is in each case at a maximum of a few 1/10 millimeters, but usually 20 microns to 30 microns are sufficient. Due to the high pressures of the hydraulics, high forces can be transmitted, so that tightly fitted rings 5 . 6 can be adjusted axially.

The 2a respectively. 2 B shows another storage system 1 as a second embodiment of the invention. Also with the storage system 1 in the 2a , b is a ring component 8th arranged, which, however, compared to the ring member 8th as a pressurizable area 10 no circumferential channel, but only a circumferential pressure pocket, but also with a rectangular cross-section on one of the faces shows. At this end face is as a membrane 12 a thin-walled lid hydraulically tight, which can be deformed axially elastic due to its thinness. For illustration is in the 2 B the membrane 12 , in this case, the lid, shown elastically deformed, so that the ring component 8th on the shoulder 9 the surrounding construction 7 supports and the outer ring 6 biased in the axial direction. Again, the pressure supply via a pressure interface 11 realized.

The 3 shows a third embodiment of the invention, wherein compared to the 2a , b both rolling bearings four with the interposition of a ring component 8th as adjusting with the surrounding construction 7 are coupled. Another difference is that the membrane 12 , which covers the circumferential pressure pocket, on the side of the associated outer ring 6 is arranged. Compared to the embodiment in the 2a , b this has the advantage that the membrane 12 over the entire surface of the outer ring 6 supported, so that no damage by edges, etc. may occur.

The four shows a fourth embodiment of a position system 1 , wherein the ring member 8th and the outer ring 6 are realized as a common, one-piece component. In particular, the pressurizable area 10 as a circumferential pressure pocket in an end face of the outer ring 6 brought in. By integrating the adjustment in the outer ring 6 becomes the number of components of the storage system 1 reduces and thereby facilitates the assembly. Otherwise, the adjusting device is analogous to the adjusting device in the ring member 8th in the 2a , B formed, wherein the membrane 12 again at the surrounding construction 7 supports the outer ring 6 to pretension in the axial direction. Alternatively, the adjustment could also as in the 1a , b be formed.

The 5 shows an alternative embodiment to the printing interface 11 , wherein the ring member 8th or in other embodiments, the outer ring 6 has an integrated pressure generating system. The pressure generating system comprises a radially displaceable tensioning piston 14 , which has a sealing element 15 upon displacement in the radial direction, pressure in the pressurizable area 10 can generate. To confirm the tensioning piston 14 is a clamping screw 16 provided, which engages in a thread, which in the ring member 8th or in the outer ring 6 is introduced. By screwing in the clamping screw 16 is an axial adjustment movement of the clamping piston 14 executed, the tensioning piston 14 presses on an oil reservoir. To avoid oil leakage and pressure loss is the additional sealing element 15 intended. For adjusting the clamping screw 14 can in the surrounding construction 7 additional adjusting devices, for example an electric motor, are provided. The advantage of such a solution is that an active storage in the manner described can also be used when no oil lubrication or no pressure connection (for example, air pressure) is present.

For a possible integration of the location system 1 a measuring device (not shown) is provided which one on the rolling bearings four acting load, for example in the form of a torque, a force or a path measures. In a control device (not shown), the detected value is compared with a desired value. In deviation, a pressure P in the pressurizable area 10 increased or reduced. The adjustment path d of the adjusting device is a function of the pressure P. The pressure change accordingly leads to a change in the axial height of the adjusting device and thus to a change in the preload of the rolling bearing four ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

storage system

2

axis of rotation

3

wave

4

roller bearing

5

inner ring

6

outer ring

7

adjacent construction

8th

ring member

9

shoulder

10

pressurizable area

11

Print interface

12

circumferential membrane

13

radial areas

14

clamping piston

15

sealing element

16

clamping screw

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0692645 B1 [0003]
• DE 8421405 U1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Adjustment device for a rolling bearing ( four ) with at least one Wälzkörperring ( 6 ), the rolling bearing ( four ) a rotation axis ( 2 ), wherein the adjusting device is formed between the Wälzkörperring ( 6 ) and a surrounding construction ( 7 ) apply an axially directed force to the Wälzkörperring ( 6 ) in the axial direction and / or pretension, with at least one circumferential membrane ( 12 ), which has a pressurizable area ( 10 ) terminates in a base body of the adjusting device and which is deflectable in the axial direction, characterized in that the circumferential membrane as a metal membrane ( 12 ) is trained. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the maximum axial displacement path (d) is less than 0.3 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm and in particular less than 0.05 mm. Adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base body as a ring member ( 8th ) is trained. Adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Wälzkörperring ( 6 ) is formed as the main body. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal membrane ( 12 ) is integrally molded from the base body. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal membrane ( 12 ) is placed on the base body. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a pressure interface ( 11 ) for connecting a printing system. Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an integrated pressure generating system ( 14 . 15 . 16 ). Bearing system with at least one rolling bearing ( four ), characterized by an adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims. Storage system according to claim 9, characterized by a measuring device for measuring the rolling bearing ( four ) acting load and by a control device for controlling the adjusting device as a function of the measured load.

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