DE102010018452A1 - Planar components for producing covering on e.g. floor of building, have carrier bodies whose top faces are formed with wear layers that are immovably arranged on flat surface in direction parallel to base to form gap-free surface area - Google Patents

Abstract

The components (10a, 10b) have carrier bodies (12a, 12b) whose top faces are formed with wear layers (14a, 14b) e.g. plastic covers. The wear layers are immovably arranged on a flat surface in a direction parallel to a base to form a gap-free surface area. The wear layers are made of wood, carpet, plastic, ceramic, stone, laminate, cork, metal and linoleum. Recesses are formed on lower sides of the carrier body such that the neighboring carrier bodies are fastened together by using a bracket extended into the recesses. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a covering.

Description

The invention relates to flat components for the production of a covering, in particular floor.

The invention further relates to such a covering as well as a method for its production. From the same applicant as the present application going back DE 10 2005 059 540 A1 are releasably to each other to be fastened flat components known from which a coating, such as a floor or a wall cladding can be made. For this purpose, edge regions of the components can be brought into form engagement with one another in such a way that the components located in a common plane are secured against movement apart into this plane. The components may have a support body which is formed with projections or recesses, via which the attachment of the components to each other, and on which a wear layer is attached, which consists for example of stone, ceramic, plastic, wood or carpet. It is provided that the covering, for example floor, is formed by components which have a uniform wear layer. If a floor covering composed of the components, for example parquet floor, is to be provided on its underside at least partially with, for example, a step protection or heat insulation, the corresponding components or their supporting body can be provided directly with a corresponding layer on its underside. So that the wear layer arranged on the upper side of the support body forms a plane, the layer thickness of the functional layer formed on the underside of the respective support body is compensated by a smaller thickness of the support body.

In buildings, the selected flooring is not only aesthetically oriented to the functional requirements; Granite or stoneware is used because of its high surface hardness, for example in the busy entrance area; Carpeting is preferred due to the strong noise absorption in corridors or rooms; Wooden floors give a comfortable living atmosphere. Plastic floors are prized for their good surface hygiene. These floors, whose wear layers are different thickness, each require their own craftsmanship and a corresponding floor structure. This leads where different surfaces meet directly, for example, an entrance area with central stone floor and directly adjacent wood or carpeting at high costs associated effort.

The invention has for its object to produce coverings, especially floors, where different surface areas can be realized in different ways with different effective areas in a simple manner.

The problem underlying the invention is achieved with flat components according to claim 1.

The planar components according to the invention can be joined to one another in a simple manner, despite different thicknesses of wear layers consisting of different materials, in such a way that a flat covering is formed in which regions with different wear layers are directly adjacent to one another.

The dependent claims 2 to 16 are directed to advantageous embodiments of the components according to the invention.

The claim 17 is directed directly to a covering produced from the surface components according to the invention.

The components of the invention and the coating of the invention can be used for a variety of applications, not only for floors, but also for wall coverings, ceiling coverings, etc.

The claim 18 indicates a method by which a coating according to the invention can be produced in an extraordinarily simple manner.

The invention is explained below with reference to schematic drawings, for example, and in further detail.

In the figures represent:

1 a schematic example of two form-fitting interconnected inventive sheet-like components,

2 different embodiments of interconnected planar components,

3 Sketches for explaining an advantageous embodiment of the positive connection of two flat components,

4 a simple method for joining components,

5 to 8th different possibilities for connecting adjacent components,

9 to 11 schematically different components according to the invention in their construction,

12 a plan view of two rectangular components according to the invention,

13 a plan view of a square component according to the invention,

14 Examples of advantageous length to width ratios of inventive rectangular components, and

15 different forms of components according to the invention with covering patterns that can be produced therefrom.

1 shows a perspective view of two surface components according to the invention 10a and 10b , which are positively connected with each other. The component 10a has a support body 12a on, at the top of a wear layer 14a is appropriate. The flat component 10b has a support body 12b on, the top with a wear layer 14b is provided. The wear layer 14b is thicker than the wear layer 14a , The height of the supporting body 12b is correspondingly smaller than the height of the support body 12a ,

The positive connection between the support bodies 12a and 12b takes place by means of a on the support body 12a trained projection 16 whose top is in a in the supporting body 12b trained recess 18 protrudes.

The wear layer 14a For example, is a plastic coating, whereas the wear layer 14b a ceramic covering with respect to the wear layer 14a greater thickness is. At the top of the components 10a . 10b , the plastic coating passes continuously into the ceramic covering, with the ceramic covering 14b practically gap-free to the plastic covering 14a abuts.

2 shows in cross section further embodiments of different coverings or wear layers.

According to 2a adjoins a left-side ceramic covering to a right-sided Textilflorbelag, the Textilflorbelag slightly surmounted the ceramic covering in the unloaded state and is designed so that when entering or loading the Textilflorbelages it is compressed so far that its upper side just runs with the top of the ceramic covering. According to 2 B A left-side wood covering, which may be multilayered in itself and may have a wood veneer on the surface, adjoins a right-sided textile pile covering.

According to 2c A left-sided wood covering adjoins a right-sided ceramic or natural stone covering.

Proper 2d A left-sided linoleum covering adjoins a right-sided ceramic / natural stone covering.

3 shows in more detail the formation of a projection or a recess.

According to 3a stands from the supporting body 12a of the flat component 10a (The wear layer is not shown) a projection 16 before, its underside with the remaining underside of the support body 12a forming a plane. A gem. 3 right side surface 20 of the supporting body 12a is adjacent to a gutter 22 to which there is a raised rib 24 connects that in a face 26 of the supporting body ends. The overall S-shaped contour of the top of the projection 16 is formed such that in the transition region between the channel 22 and the rib 24 (in the area of the small circle k) the width of the gutter 22 slightly increases in the depth direction and the width of the rib in their height direction increases slightly. Also in the area of the transition between side surface 20 and gutter 22 as well as rib 24 and face 26 (Small circles k1 and k2), the groove and the rib may be formed to increase their width or height slightly.

The side surface 20 advantageously does not extend perpendicular to the underside of the support body 12a but is to the lead 16 slightly beveled. The face 26 runs parallel to the side surface 20 ,

The contour of the recess 18 is such that it is a rotation of the contour of the top of the projection 16 around a plane perpendicular to the plane of the 3 extending axis corresponds or that the recess 18 in total during a rotation of the component 12b 180 ° counterclockwise the projection 16 equivalent.

3a shows the two supporting bodies 12a and 12b in the not yet connected state. When the carrying body 12b from the position of 3a ) is lowered and in the position of 3b ) is moved, that of the rib 24 corresponding rib 28 the recess 18 into the gutter 22 moved and the rib 24 of the projection 16 into the gutter 30 the recess 18 moves, which is overcome by the described contouring in the region of the small circles with slight deformation of the respective areas an undercut, the further lowering of the support body 12b to a latched form fit between projection 16 and recess 18 leads, which holds the two support body without play together, wherein they are immovably held parallel to the base surface and the support body 12b from the supporting body 12a can be moved upward only by overcoming the undercut again.

The height of a rib is advantageously slightly smaller than the depth of a recess, so that in the attached state of the support body between the top of the rib and the underside of the corresponding recess each have a gap in which any dirt particles can be taken without the security affecting the connection.

As a result, that is the top of the support body 12a im with the support body 12b connected state flush with the top of the support body 12b comes close, on the tops, for example, by gluing applied utility layers into each other without a gap.

4 shows a simple way, two with protrusions or recesses gem. 3 provided components 10a and 10b to engage with each other. The component 10b is first on a pad 32 placed so that it with its recess on the projection of the component 10a rests. The oblique training favors that component 10b sure of the projection of the component 10a can be applied and the rib 28 the recess 18 ( 3 ) in the gutter 22 of the projection 16 to be led. When subsequently with the foot on the component 10b in the area is stepped on the recess, the described secure locking of the component takes place 12b with the component 12a ,

In the presentation according to 4 have the wear layers of the surface components 10a and 10b same thickness. If their thicknesses, as in 1 or 2 shown, are different, the attachment to each other in the same way, wherein the thickness or height of the support body is different and the projections or the recesses are formed at appropriate location.

The 5 to 8th represent further ways to connect the support layers provided with wear layers of different thicknesses.

In the embodiment according to 5 are the surface abutting support body 12a and 12b with recesses 34a and 34b designed such that in the recesses protruding brackets securely hold the components together. The brackets 36 can be considered as individual components with perpendicular to the plane of representation of 5 be formed short extension. They can also be designed as profile parts with the components to be connected of appropriate length.

6 shows an example in which a right-sided component 10b is formed with a nose, which in a lateral movement of the components 10a and 10b towards each other in a corresponding recess in the supporting body of the component 10b can be inserted and latched therein. 6 shows two different embodiments of such lugs, wherein the mutually facing end faces of the support body may be formed with further profilings.

7 shows two embodiments of locking, in which the component 12b by formed on its support body projections or recesses in corresponding to the support body of the component 12a trained recesses or projections can be inserted vertically from above.

8th shows two embodiments of profiles of the support body, in which the right-hand component according to the figures 10b initially obliquely from the top right to the left-side component 10a is introduced and then in the clockwise direction downwards into a positive engagement with the left-side component 10a is pivoted.

9 outlines different embodiments in particular of the support body, each figure part outlines the formation of a support body, the left side or right side with a connection system similar to the 1 is provided.

In the support body different functionalities can be integrated.

According to 9a has a support body 12 hollow chambers 40 on, for example, serve to facilitate weight or allow ventilation of a base, when the wear layer 14 is permeable to air.

As a standard base material for the support body are essentially all materials with sufficient capacity and strength suitable for the connection edge areas, such as MDF, HDF and combinations of wood with resins, glues or plastic compounds. Also suitable are wood composites which have a layer structure with, for example, fine wood particles and coarse wood particles. The support material can be additionally stabilized in the region of the connecting edge regions (protrusions, recesses) by stabilizing additives before or after the formation of the recesses and protrusions. The connection edge areas can be produced by milling, like the sides of the components. The support bodies do not have to be homogeneous, but instead can be formed, for example, from a plurality of layers arranged vertically one above the other, with a compensation layer equalizing the total height of the support body to the respective thickness of the wear layer. Materials are suitable, both by integration and by exclusive Use of recycled materials are made. For weight reduction when using wood materials, for example, an integration of lighter materials (foams, Styrofoam elements, hemp, natural fibers) is possible. For weight reduction is further a cavitation in a chemical or physical way, such as foaming or gas volume formation possible. It is also possible to integrate sound-insulating materials or layers.

According to 9a is the supporting body 12 with hollow chambers 34 provided, for example, to facilitate weight or, if they are through the entire thickness of a support body 12 pass through and the wear layer 14 permeable to air, to ventilate the pad 32 ( 4 ).

9b illustrates a consisting of a mixed material supporting body 12 ,

9c shows a support body 12 which is composed of two layers, with hollow chambers 40 are formed only in the lower layer.

9d sketched a supporting body 12 , in the fluid channels 42 are integrated, above which a good heat-conducting layer is formed, over which the Teppichnutzschicht 14 good thermal conductivity with the fluid channel 42 or the fluid channels is connected. This embodiment is advantageous for underfloor heating. Advantageously, in the support body 12 the fluid channels 42 laid so that they are accessible from a side surface of the support body forth with an inlet and an outlet, which are connectable to respective supply connections, wherein a series connection of a plurality of support body is possible in which an outlet of a support body is connected to an inlet of another support body , Below the fluid channels 42 the material of the support body is advantageously poor thermal conductivity, so that the efficiency of heating a lying above the wear layer space is improved.

10 shows examples of wear layers such as veneer (a), plastic (b), ceramics (c), carpet (d), natural stone (s).

11 shows the wear layers of 10 on supporting bodies 12 with a base layer 44 where the connection edge portions (protrusions, recesses) are formed, and a balance layer 46 , via which the adjustment of the total height of the components takes place at their wear layer. If the veneer a), for example, 1 mm thick and the natural stone e), for example, 6 mm thick, the interlayer 46 under the veneer a) be at least 3 mm thick, so that for all wear layers base layers 44 the same thickness can be used.

So when building a covering of rectangular sheet-like components 10 is largely freedom, two different types of flat components with the same dimensions of the wear layer located on them are required. The embodiment B1 of 12 points as protrusions 16 ( 1 ) trained border areas 48 at two adjacent edges, wherein the projections on the according to 12 lower left corner of the component 10 merge. The other edges of the component are with connecting edge areas 50 formed, where the recesses 18 ( 1 ) are formed.

The other type B2 of the components also has the connection edge regions 48 and 50 on. The connection border areas 48 However, run around the top left corner of the components in the type B2 components.

According to 13 For square components, only one component type is required, which corresponds to component type B1 (or B2).

The connection border areas 48 do not necessarily have to be continuous.

14 illustrates different ways of laying the rectangular components according to 12 to a pattern, according to 14a a basic pattern element consists respectively of three horizontally arranged components of the type B1 and a vertically arranged component of the type B2. According to 14 b are each 4 components of the type B1 connected via a component of the type B2. According to 14c are 5 horizontally arranged components B1 assembled with a vertically arranged component of the type B2. To respective pattern primitives can, as from 14 Immediately apparent, more pattern primitives are added to produce a large area, for example, floor. How out 14 further immediately apparent is the length to width ratio of the rectangular components 10 according to 12 advantageously integer, so the corresponding pattern primitives can be formed. Each of the components B1 or B2 may be correspondingly formed when forming the edge portions 1 or 7 be removed vertically upwards from the composite.

15 shows in the left column a variety of forms of components according to the invention, such as rectangular, square, diamond-shaped, triangular, polygonal and square with bevelled corners, are added to the corresponding square-shaped components. From the components in the right column of the 15 represented patterns are assembled, it being appropriate with appropriate design of the components with edge regions 1 or 7 it is possible to remove or replace a single component from the composite.

With the above-exemplified invention, it is possible in a simple manner to create large-scale coverings with different effective areas, which form a plane and abut each other without gaps.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10a, b

flat component

12a, b

supporting body

14a, b

wear layer

16

head Start

18

recess

20

side surface

22

gutter

24

rib

26

face

28

rib

30

gutter

32

document

34a, b

recesses

36

clip

40

hollow

42

fluid channel

44

base layer

46

leveling layer

48

Joining edge area

50

Joining edge area

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102005059540 A1 [0002]

Claims (18)

Sheet-like components for the production of a covering, in particular floor, wherein the flat components ( 10 ) have the same height and a supporting body ( 12 ) with a wear layer thereon ( 14 ) and on a flat surface ( 32 ) are arranged so as to be immovable relative to one another in a direction parallel to the base, such that the wear layers form an overall flat and substantially gap-free useful surface, characterized in that the wear layers ( 14a , b) have different thickness and the immovable attachment of the components to each other by means of the support body ( 12a , b). Components according to claim 1, wherein different components ( 10 ) Wear layers ( 14 ) made of different materials. Components according to claim 2, wherein components comprise wear layers of at least two of the following materials: wood, carpet, plastic, ceramics, stone, laminate, cork, metal, linoleum. Components according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the undersides of the support body ( 12 ) with recesses ( 34 ) are formed such that each two adjacent support body by means of at least one clip ( 36 ) are fastened to each other, which protrudes into the recesses. Components according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the edge regions of the support body ( 12 ) are formed such that in the direction parallel to the pad ( 32 ) immovable connection between the support bodies is effected by a form engagement between the edge regions. Components according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the components ( 10 ) are formed such that at least one component is removable and reusable by moving perpendicular to the top of the pad from overcoming a cling formed by their joining overcoming a locking resistor. Components according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one edge region of at least one supporting body ( 12 ) with a wear layer ( 14 ) laterally projecting projection ( 16 ) and at least one edge region of another support body with a recess located below the wear layer ( 18 ) is formed such that in engaging from above in the projection recess and resting on the base components they are immovably held together by positive engagement in the longitudinal direction of the projection or the recess. Components according to claim 7, wherein the contour of the top of the projection ( 16 ) is S-shaped in cross section and one to a side surface ( 20 ) of the support body adjacent channel ( 22 ), to which a rib formed at the free end of the projection ( 24 ). Components according to claim 8, wherein the width of the channel ( 22 ) in their depth direction initially increases and the width of the rib ( 24 ) in the height direction initially increases and the height of the rib is smaller than the depth of the groove. Components according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the to the gutter ( 22 ) adjacent side surface ( 20 ) of the supporting body ( 12 ) to the gutter ( 22 ) is beveled and the end face ( 26 ) of the projection ( 16 ) is directed parallel to the chamfered side surface. Components according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the contour of the underside of the recess ( 18 ) the contour of the projection ( 16 ) corresponds to 180 ° about an axis directed perpendicular to the direction of its extension. Components according to one of claims 8 to 11, wherein at least some of the components ( 10 ) are rectangular and the and the projections ( 16 ) are formed directly adjacent to each other on two adjacent sides of the components and the recesses ( 18 ) are formed directly adjacent to each other at the other sides of the components. Components according to claim 12, wherein components are provided in which, in plan view, the wear layers ( 14 ) of the components the corners in which the projections ( 16 ) connect to each other, at different ends of corresponding sides of the components are arranged. Components according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein at least some of the components ( 10 ) are rectangular and the length to width ratio has an integer value. Components according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the supporting bodies ( 12 ) multilayered ( 44 . 46 ) are constructed. Components according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein in the supporting body ( 12 ) More functions ( 40 . 42 ) are integrated. Cover made of flat components ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 16. Method for producing a covering, in which method components according to one of claims 7 to 13 are connected to one another by the recess of a component ( 10b ) on one Projection of another component ( 10a ) is applied and a force is exerted on the component placed with its recess from above the recess, preferably by stepping onto the surface region arranged above the recess of the component.

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