DE102010008198A1 - Large storage for planetary gear of wind turbine, has outer ring, where outer ring is formed for fixed receiving in supporting structure, and planetary carrier is supported relative to outer ring over storage unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The large storage (1) has an outer ring (5), where the outer ring is formed for fixed receiving in a supporting structure (6). A planetary carrier is supported relative to the outer ring over a storage unit (7). The storage unit is formed as a planetary carrier storage (10) which allows a radial support between the planetary carrier and a storage partner, particularly the outer ring. The planetary carrier is formed as an inner ring (11), so that the outer ring and inner ring form a multi-ring storage system.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a large bearing for a planetary gear with an outer ring, wherein the outer ring is formed for stationary recording in a support structure, with a planet carrier, wherein the planet carrier is supported via at least one bearing means relative to the outer ring, wherein the bearing means is formed as a planet carrier , which allows a radial support between the planet carrier and a bearing partner, in particular the outer ring. The invention also relates to a planetary gear with the large warehouse.

In wind turbines, the rotor is supported by a bearing assembly, at least two basic embodiments have been established: First, the bearing of a rotor shaft via a fixed-floating bearing with at least two spaced rolling bearings. On the other hand, concepts have become known which have only one bearing for supporting the rotor, which can transmit all forces and moments.

For example, the document shows WO 03/014567 A1 various embodiments of such storage concepts.

The publication DE 103 606 93 A1 , which is probably the closest prior art, describes a planetary gear, especially for wind turbines. The planetary gear comprises a planet carrier and provided with an internal gear ring gear. The rotating part of the planetary gear is connected to a rotor and mounted together with this on a common large bearing, which is arranged on the outer circumference of the ring gear. In this embodiment, the large bearing is formed as a sliding bearing, wherein a bearing surface is formed by the radially outer peripheral surface of the ring gear. In the same axial position as the sliding bearing and the planetary gears and the sun gear are arranged.

description

The invention has for its object to propose a large bearing for a planetary gear, which allows a compact and durable construction of the planetary gear. This object is achieved by a large warehouse with the features of claim 1 and by a planetary gear with the features of claim 14. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In the context of the invention, a large warehouse, in particular a large rolling bearing, proposed, which is suitable and / or designed for a planetary gear or this includes. The large bearing preferably has an outer diameter of the largest ring of greater than 500 mm, in particular greater than 1000 mm and in particular greater than 1500 mm. In particular, the large warehouse for supporting the rotor of a wind turbine is formed.

In addition to the transfer of all forces and moments from the rotor to a carrier structure, in particular a machine house, the large-size bearing preferably converts a component function. This component function is realized in that at least one of the rings of the large warehouse has mechanical interfaces, in particular bolt receptacles or threaded holes, for the connection of other components.

The large bearing comprises an outer ring, which is designed to be stationary relative to the support structure. In particular, the outer ring mechanical interfaces, such as through holes or blind threaded holes have, which, for. B. are distributed in the direction of rotation and axially aligned.

A planet carrier is also part of the large warehouse, wherein the planet carrier is supported via at least one bearing device relative to the outer ring. It is possible that planet carrier and outer ring are arranged rotatably to each other, in other embodiments, it may also be conceptually provided that the outer ring and the planet carrier in operation remain stationary to each other.

The bearing device or a part thereof is designed as a planet carrier bearing, and sets a radial support between the planet carrier and a bearing partner, in particular the outer ring to.

The planet carrier bearing is preferably designed as a rolling bearing, in particular a radial rolling bearing, for example as axial-radial cylindrical roller bearings, as axial-radial ball bearings, as double-row tapered roller bearings or double-row ball roller bearings or a mix of said bearing types.

In the context of the invention, it is proposed that the planet carrier is designed as an inner ring, so that outer ring and inner ring form a multi-ring bearing system. The invention thus describes a preferably multi-row, consisting of several bearing rings and raceway systems large warehouse, especially large roller bearings. The large warehouse is able to absorb all forces and tilting moments that are introduced by the rotor and to pass on to the carrier structure. The large warehouse thus forms a highly compact and precise rotor storage system.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the outer ring and the planet carrier bearing and / or the planet carrier are at least partially overlapping and / or aligned as an inner ring in the radial direction to the axis of rotation of the large warehouse. On the one hand, the compact design of the large warehouse is underlined by this design and, on the other hand, in particular radially acting forces are directed by the shortest route into the carrier structure.

Particularly preferred are in an axial region, which may be determined in width by the inner ring and / or the outer ring, no toothed areas of ring gear, planet gears or sun gear arranged. In this advantageous development, the device is subdivided in the axial extent into a large storage area and into at least one planetary gear area, which are arranged side by side in the axial direction. This embodiment opens up the advantage that virtually no angular errors can occur between the ring gear and the planetary gears or between the planetary gears and the sun gear, as may be the case, for example, with planetary gears mounted in a cantilevered manner.

In a preferred structural embodiment of the invention, the planet carrier as an inner ring on an inner ring portion over which the planet carrier or the inner ring is supported on an output shaft. The inner ring region is preferably a part of an output bearing, which is preferably formed again as a rolling bearing. Viewed in detail, the output bearing often has a seated on the output shaft bearing ring, which is arranged radially inward to the inner ring. Particularly preferably, the output bearing and the planet carrier bearing are arranged in radial alignment with respect to the axis of rotation of the output shaft.

In a first constructive realization of the invention, the large bearing comprises a center ring as the bearing partner, wherein the center ring is supported by the planet carrier bearing in the radial direction of the planet carrier and a further bearing means on the outer ring. Inner ring, center ring and outer ring are - as previously described - radially aligned and / or overlapping each other. Particularly preferably, these three rings are each arranged symmetrically to a common radial plane as a plane of symmetry.

In a development of this embodiment, the large bearing has at least one ring gear, wherein the ring gear is rotatably coupled to the center ring. The ring gear is designed for use in the planetary gear and preferably has an internal toothing, which is designed for meshing with the planetary gears.

With the aim of increasing the load capacity, it is preferred if a ring gear is fastened to the middle ring on both sides in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the ring gears are preferably arranged symmetrically to the large bearing area, in particular inner ring, center ring and outer ring.

For transmitting the torques of the rotor, it is preferred that the middle ring, optionally with the interposition of one of the ring gears, is rotatably coupled to the rotor. Thus, the rotor passes over the center ring of the torque of the rotor in the planetary gear, wherein the center ring rotates relative to the mutually stationary outer ring and inner ring.

Particularly preferably, the large warehouse has one or two sun gears, which are mounted rotationally fixed on the output shaft and are arranged in the same axial height as the one or more ring gears. Between the ring gear and the sun gear planetary gears are arranged, which are rotatably mounted on bolts which are fixed to the planet carrier, via further bearing means.

In a second structural realization of the invention, the large bearing has at least or exactly one ring gear, which is rotatably coupled to the outer ring, wherein the outer ring on the planet carrier bearing on the planet carrier as inner ring in particular directly supported. In this realization, outer ring and inner ring rotate in relation to each other about the axis of rotation in operation. But even in this realization results in a large storage area and a planetary gear range, which are arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction.

To complete the planetary gear, preferably all the above-described embodiments have an output bearing, which is supported in the planet carrier and supports the output shaft. In another illustration of the invention, it is provided that the output bearing and the planet carrier bearing and / or the bearing device of the outer ring are at least partially overlapping and / or aligned in the radial direction to the axis of rotation. Preferably, at least one of the bearings, some or all bearings is designed as a roller bearing, wherein the planet carrier bearing and / or the bearing means of the outer ring as a radial rolling bearing, in particular as a double row tapered roller bearing is formed.

Another object of the invention relates to a planetary gear for a wind turbine, which has a large warehouse according to one of the preceding claims.

Further features, advantages and effects will become apparent from the following description of two embodiments of the invention. Showing:

1 a schematic longitudinal section through a large bearing with planetary gear as a first embodiment of the invention;

2 in a similar representation as 1 a further embodiment of the invention.

The 1 shows in a highly schematic representation of a large warehouse 1 for or with a planetary gear 2 , where the large warehouse 1 for mounting a rotor (not shown) of a wind turbine is formed. In a large warehouse area 3 which extends in width along the axis of rotation 4 of the large warehouse, are several rings of a multi-ring bearing system as the large warehouse 1 arranged in alignment in the radial direction.

Radially outside is an outer ring 5 positioned radially outward on a machine housing 6 as a support structure is supported. The outer ring 5 For example, on the machine housing 6 be screwed on. About a storage facility 7 , which is designed as a double-row tapered roller bearing, the outer ring is supported 5 at a middle ring 8th from. The raceways of the storage facility 7 are in the outer ring 5 preferably integrally formed as outer surfaces. In the middle ring 8th are separate bets 9a , b introduced, which provide the treads.

At the radial inside of the middle ring 8th lies the middle ring 8th via a planet carrier bearing 10 on an inner ring 11 on, leaving the inner ring 11 over the planet carrier camp 10 at the middle ring 8th supported. Also the planet carrier camp 10 is designed as a double row tapered roller bearing. The running surfaces of the planet carrier bearing 10 on the middle ring 8th are formed by the outer surfaces, the running surfaces on sides of the inner ring 11 are also integral to the inner ring 11 arranged. For assembly reasons, it is preferred if the inner ring 11 in a radial plane to the axis of rotation 4 is formed divided.

The inner ring 11 lies in the radial direction via an output bearing 12 on an output shaft 13 on that the rotation axis 4 defined so that the output shaft 13 via the output bearing 12 supported on the inner ring.

Noteworthy in the large warehouse area 3 is that all rings 5 . 8th . 11 and / or all bearings 7 . 10 . 12 are aligned in the radial direction to each other and / or arranged symmetrically to a radial plane R.

The large warehouse area 3 is designed as a pure rolling bearing area, wherein the function of introducing forces or moments into the machine housing 6 exclusively via the large warehouse area 3 he follows.

The planetary gear 2 is as follows with the large warehouse 1 coupled: on both sides to the middle ring 8th is in each case a ring gear 14 arranged, which with the middle ring 8th rotatably connected, for example, is screwed. On one of the ring gears 14 , in the 1 on the left side, the rotor head is attached. For this purpose, through holes D can be provided as mechanical interfaces, which are distributed in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction by both ring gears 14 and the middle ring 8th extend so that the connection between the rotor head and assembly is very stiff and resilient.

The inner ring 11 is formed as a planet carrier, in which a plurality, for. B. three, bolts 15 , which extend in the axial direction, are firmly fitted. Bolts 15 wear on both sides to the inner ring 11 planetary gears 16 which about bearings 17 rotatable on the bolt 15 are stored. The planet wheels 16 mesh with the internal teeth of the ring gears 14 ,

On the output shaft 13 are also on both sides of the inner ring 11 one sun gear each 18 rotatably mounted, which in turn with the planetary gears 16 comb. ring gear 14 , Planetary gear 16 and sun gear 18 form two parallel and / or mutually symmetrical to the radial plane R formed planetary gear sets in planetary gear ranges 19 on both sides of the large warehouse area 3 are arranged.

From a functional point of view, all support forces and moments are taken over the large warehouse area 3 and all torques over the planetary gear ranges 19 transferred, with the large warehouse area 3 and the planetary gear range 19 are arranged side by side in the axial direction.

During a rotation of the rotor head, the torque or the rotational movement via the screw in the assembly ring gears 14 - middle ring 8th initiated, which rotates together with the rotor head. About the internal teeth of the ring gears 14 is the torque or the rotational movement on the planetary gears 16 which are transferred around the bolts 15 rotate, but with respect to the direction of rotation about the axis of rotation 4 are arranged stationary. For this purpose, it can be provided that the bolts 15 indirectly or directly on the machine housing 6 are fixed.

The torque or the rotational movement is on the sun gears 18 transmitted, which is the output shaft 13 drive, so that they can pass the torque or the rotational movement to a downstream generator. The planetary gear 2 leads to a speed increase, for example, more than 4-6 times. In normal operation, the output shaft rotates 13 at 100 rpm to 120 rpm.

For assembly purposes, it may be provided that the inner ring 11 one or more times divided in the direction of rotation, so that this example is placed as half shells. Preferably, the inner ring 11 divided by a radial plane in half.

A realizable feature of this bearing system is that between the ring gears 14 and the planet wheels 16 or between the planetary gears 16 and the sun wheels 18 as good as no angle errors can occur. This is because when tilted in the bearing system outer ring 5 , Storage facility 7 and middle ring 8th by external forces and moments do not lead to tilting in the meshing in the gears, since the planetary gear ranges 19 with the middle ring 8th be carried along or tilted.

The complete bearing system may consist of various types, for example, axial-radial cylindrical roller bearings or axial-radial ball bearings or double-row tapered roller bearings (as shown) or a mix of the above bearing types. The bearing system is able to absorb all forces and tilting moments that are introduced by the rotor head and pass it on to the construction of the machine carrier. In addition, this bearing system offers the possibility to record in a compact way all components of the planetary gear with high precision to each other and thus transmit to the torque. The planetary gearing is preferably aligned symmetrically to the bearing center or radial plane R, so that no tilting forces from the gearing on the support structure of the gears occur. The rotor torque is thereby passed through a direct path through the storage system.

The 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or similar components or areas.

Also in this embodiment, the outer ring 5 with the machine housing 6 or rigidly connected to another support structure. The outer ring 5 is supported by a planet carrier bearing 10 directly on the inner ring 11 from, which is again designed as a planet carrier. Compared to the embodiment in the 1 is thus on the middle ring 8th waived. The rotor head (not shown) is used in the embodiment in the 2 with the inner ring 11 screwed, which is in the operation relative to the outer ring 5 rotates. Also non-rotatable with the machine housing 6 connected is a ring gear 14 , which is equipped with a plurality of planet gears 16 combs. The planet wheels 16 are back on bolts 15 over camp 17 rotatably mounted, the bolts 15 in the formed as a planet carrier inner ring 11 are rotatably received.

The planet wheels 16 comb with a sun wheel 18 , the rotation on the output shaft 13 is arranged. As in the previous figure, the output shaft 13 via an output bearing 12 rotatable in the inner ring 11 stored.

During operation, the inner ring rotates 11 by coupling with the rotor head, leaving over the bolts 15 the planet wheels 16 be performed in the direction of rotation. By the teeth with the ring gear 14 become the planet wheels 16 around the bolts 15 set in rotation. By the teeth of the planet wheels 16 with the sun wheel 18 this is driven, so that ultimately the output shaft 13 is set in rotation.

As in the previous figure, the arrangement may be in a large storage area 3 and in a planetary gear range 19 are subdivided, which are arranged side by side in the axial direction. Thus, also in the embodiment in the 2 a separation of the functions support - torque transmission divided into two axially juxtaposed areas.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

central warehouse

2

planetary gear

3

Large storage area

4

axis of rotation

5

outer ring

6

machine housing

7

Bearing device, in particular rotor bearing

8th

center ring

9a, b

separate bets

10

Planet carrier bearing

11

inner ring

12

output bearing

13

output shaft

14

ring gears

15

bolt

16

planetary gears

17

camp

18

sun

19

Planetary gear range

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 03/014567 A1 [0003]
• DE 10360693 A1 [0004]

Claims (14)

Large warehouse ( 1 ) for a planetary gear ( 2 ) with an outer ring ( 5 ), wherein the outer ring ( 5 ) for stationary mounting in a support structure ( 6 ) is formed, with a planet carrier ( 11 ), wherein the planet carrier ( 11 ) via at least one storage facility ( 10 ) relative to the outer ring ( 5 ) is supported, wherein the bearing device as a planet carrier ( 10 ) is formed, which a radial support between the planet carrier ( 11 ) and a bearing partner, in particular the outer ring ( 5 ), characterized in that the planetary carrier as an inner ring ( 11 ), so that outer ring ( 5 ) and inner ring ( 11 ) form a multi-ring bearing system. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer ring ( 5 ) and the planet carrier bearing ( 10 ) and / or the planet carrier ( 11 ) are arranged as an inner ring in the radial direction to the axis of rotation at least partially overlapping and / or aligned. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a middle ring ( 8th ) as the bearing partner, wherein the middle ring ( 8th ) via the planet carrier bearing ( 10 ) on the planet carrier ( 11 ) and another storage facility ( 7 ) on the outer ring ( 5 ) is supported. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized by at least one ring gear ( 14 ), wherein the ring gear ( 14 ) rotatably with the middle ring ( 8th ) is coupled. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that on each axial side of the middle ring ( 8th ) one of the ring gears ( 14 ) are arranged. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the middle ring ( 8th ), preferably via a ring gear, with a rotor head rotatably coupled. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the planet carrier ( 11 ) fixed to the outer ring ( 5 ) and / or to the support structure ( 6 ) is formed and / or characterized by a sun gear ( 18 ), which as an output of the planetary gear ( 2 ) is trained. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 7, characterized by bolts ( 15 ) which are rigid and / or stationary in the planet carrier ( 11 ) and via which the planet carrier ( 11 ) rotationally fixed to the support structure ( 6 ) is coupled. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by at least one ring gear ( 14 ), wherein the ring gear ( 14 ) rotatably with the outer ring ( 5 ) and wherein the outer ring ( 5 ) via the planet carrier bearing ( 10 ) on the planet carrier as inner ring ( 11 ) is supported. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the planet carrier ( 11 ) rotatably coupled to the rotor and / or characterized by a sun gear ( 18 ), which as an output of the planetary gear ( 2 ) is trained. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or the sun gear ( 18 ) on a wave ( 13 ), which via an output bearing ( 12 ), in particular via a radial roller bearing, in the planet carrier ( 11 ) is stored. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to claim 11, characterized in that the output bearing ( 12 ) as well as the planet carrier bearing ( 10 ) and optionally complementing the storage facility ( 7 ) of the outer ring ( 5 ) in the radial direction to the axis of rotation ( 4 ) are arranged at least partially overlapping and / or in alignment. Large warehouse ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planet carrier bearing ( 10 ) and / or the storage facility ( 7 ) of the outer ring is designed as a radial rolling bearing, in particular as a double row tapered roller bearing. Planetary gear ( 2 ) for a wind turbine, characterized by a large warehouse ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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