DE102009060282A1 - Heater for heating motor vehicle, has coolant feed line, coolant return line, water jacket arranged between coolant feed line and coolant return line and combustion gas-water jacket-heat exchanger surrounded by water jacket - Google Patents

Abstract

The heater (1) has a coolant feed line (5), a coolant return line (7), a water jacket (9) arranged between the coolant feed line and the coolant return line and a combustion gas-water jacket-heat exchanger (11) surrounded by the water jacket. A flame tube (23) is provided for burning the fuel and producing the combustion gases. A combustion-gas fluid path (25) is provided for guiding the combustion gas along the water jacket-combustion gas-heat exchanger. An independent claim is also included for a method for heating the interior of a motor vehicle by a heater.

Description

The invention relates to a heater for heating a motor vehicle.

Heaters for heating a motor vehicle are known. For example, they may include a fuel-powered heat source. The heat source can be coupled by means of a corresponding heat exchanger with a coolant circuit of the motor vehicle, by means of an electric cooling pump heat can be promoted to a heat exchanger in a heating air conditioner of the motor vehicle. With a vehicle fan, an outside air heated by the heat exchanger is guided into the vehicle interior. The disadvantage here is a comparatively low overall efficiency, since comparatively long coolant paths and a large part of the circumference and a high power consumption are present. Furthermore, heaters are known, which are also performed under the name air heater. A generated heat energy is released via a heat exchanger directly into an air. A fan in a heater of the motor vehicle moves the air from the vehicle interior via the heat exchanger back into the vehicle interior. The disadvantage is no direct Scheibenanströmung and there is a large space requirement for the heater and the air ducts required.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved heater, in particular to achieve the smallest possible space and the highest possible efficiency.

The object is achieved in a heater for heating a motor vehicle according to claim 1. Advantageously, the flame tube can deliver the heat directly to the water-combustion gas heat exchanger via the water jacket. Advantageously, all necessary connections are located in an engine compartment.

In one embodiment of the heater is provided that the interior air-water heat exchanger is associated with an interior fan for generating an indoor air flow. Advantageously, by means of the blower heated air can be blown into the interior.

In a further embodiment of the heater is provided that the flame tube is assigned a burner fan for generating a combustion air flow. Advantageously, the flame tube can be supplied by means of the burner fan with the Verbrennungsluftstrom-.

In a further embodiment of the heater, it is provided that the flame tube at a downstream end of a fuel nozzle and a combustion air nozzle are assigned. Advantageously, by means of the fuel nozzle and the combustion air nozzle, a combustion air-fuel mixture for burning in the flame tube can be generated.

In a further embodiment of the heater, it is provided that the water-indoor air heat exchanger and the combustion air-water heat exchanger are thermally associated with each other by means of vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tubes. A vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tube can be understood as meaning a vacuum tube filled with substance present in two phases, heat transfer by means of diffusion in the gaseous state and return transport by capillary action in the liquid state being possible. Advantageously, an efficient and rapid heat transfer can take place by means of the vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tubes.

The object is also achieved in a method according to claim 6. This results in the advantages described above. Furthermore, a parking heater during a standstill of the motor vehicle and / or a Zuheizfunktion can be advantageously ensured during operation of the motor vehicle.

Further advantages, features and details emerge from the following description in which an exemplary embodiment is described with reference to the drawing. The same, similar and / or functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Show it:

1 a schematic view of a sectional view of a heater according to the invention.

The only 1 shows a heater 1 for heating a motor vehicle only partially shown 3 , The heater 1 indicates a coolant flow 5 and a coolant return. Between the coolant supply 5 and the coolant return 7 is a water jacket 9 arranged. The water jacket 9 surrounds a water-combustion gas heat exchanger 11 ,

An interior of the motor vehicle, not shown 3 is a water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 assigned. The water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 has heat conducting plates 15 on. An air flow of the indoor air is by means of an arrow 17 characterized. By means of an interior blower 19 can be an outside air, for example, from a water tank of the motor vehicle 3 comes through the Water jacket-indoor-air heat exchanger 13 be blown through, which by means of an arrow 21 is symbolized. Inside the combustion gas water jacket heat exchanger 11 is a fire tube 23 arranged to generate a hot combustion gas. The hot combustion gas can with the combustion gas-water jacket heat exchanger 11 come into contact and appropriate heat of combustion on the water jacket 9 transfer. This can be done by means of a combustion gas fluid path 25 take place between the flame tube 23 and an inner surface of the combustion gas water jacket heat exchanger 11 results.

For generating a combustion air flow is the flame tube 23 a burner fan 27 upstream.

Furthermore, the flame tube 23 a fuel nozzle 29 and a combustion air nozzle 31 upstream.

For a particularly good and fast heat transfer are the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 and the combustion air-water jacket heat exchanger 11 by means of vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tubes 33 thermally associated with each other.

About an exhaust outlet 35 that is the combustion air fluid path 25 downstream, exhaust gases may be the heater 1 leave. About a combustion air inlet 37 can fresh air through the burner fan 27 and the combustion air nozzle 31 in the fire tube 23 get burned.

Advantageously, by means of the heater 1 , as in 1 shown in the fire tube 23 generated combustion heat to be transported into the interior of the motor vehicle, not shown, during parking of the motor vehicle. This can advantageously by means of the indoor air flow, by means of the arrow 17 is indicated, via the combustion gas-water jacket heat exchanger 11 and the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 respectively. Advantageously, during a driving operation of the motor vehicle, this heat transport can also take place in the sense of an additional heating. In addition, when the internal combustion engine is switched on, the water jacket can flow over the coolant supply 5 and the coolant return 7 be energized with a cooling medium, so that generated by the internal combustion engine, not shown exhaust heat also over the water jacket 9 , the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 , in particular the vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tubes 33 on the interior air flow and thus in the interior of the motor vehicle 3 can be transferred.

For a so-called auxiliary heating function, in which the engine of the motor vehicle 3 is off, can in the fire tube 23 Fuel to be burned. Resulting heat energy is through the combustion gas water jacket heat exchanger 11 in the water jacket 9 or delivered into a corresponding cooling medium. This operation corresponds to today's known water heaters. However, the heated cooling medium is advantageously not moved by an electric water pump, wherein advantageous energy can be saved. The absorbed heat energy is from the cooling medium or from the water jacket 9 by means of the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger 13 first on the Wärmeleitbleche 15 and from there by means of the interior blower 19 or by means of the thus promoted air flow to the interior of the motor vehicle 3 issued. The thus warmed up air can then be advantageous over the usual air distribution system of the motor vehicle 3 be emitted or blown by a heating air conditioner to windows and to the vehicle interior.

In a heating operation without auxiliary heating function, ie with the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle 3 , The heated by the engine cooling medium by means of the already existing engine coolant pump and / or optionally additionally by means of an electric heater support pump in the coolant flow 5 be encouraged. The heat energy of the cooling medium is also on the Wärmeleitbleche 15 to the interior fan 19 delivered conveyed, flowing air. This warmed up air is then blown through the air distribution system from the heating air conditioner to the discs or in the vehicle interior, not shown.

Advantageously, a small footprint is required, there are no additional coolant line laying required, there is a lower energy consumption in stationary heating, basically results in a high efficiency, is basically hot air quickly to a vent in the interior of the vehicle 3 available. In so-called PWM-controlled vehicle blowers, the heater can be used advantageously as a heater and as a heater. Advantageously, the heater can also be used as a heater in the electric vehicle with a simultaneous heating of traction batteries on the coolant circuit and vice versa as waste heat or cooling of the batteries.

Advantageously, all about dangerous media such as fuel, exhaust gas and combustion air outside of the vehicle interior of the motor vehicle, not shown 3 ,

Advantageously, the heater 1 be operated at a relatively low noise level, especially in comparison with air heaters. The heater can also be used in particular for commercial vehicles, for example over 6 tons.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

heater

3

motor vehicle

5

Coolant supply

7

Coolant return

9

water jacket

11

Combustion gas water jacket heat exchanger

13

Water jacket-indoor-air heat exchanger

15

heat conducting

17

arrow

19

Interior blower

21

arrow

23

flame tube

25

Combustion gas fluid path

27

burner fan

29

fuel nozzle

31

Verbrennungsluftdüse

33

Vakuumdiffusionskapillarwärmetransportröhre

35

exhaust outlet

37

Combustion air inlet

Claims (8)

Heater ( 1 ) for heating a motor vehicle ( 3 ), with a coolant flow ( 5 ), a coolant return ( 7 ), one between the coolant supply ( 5 ) and the coolant return ( 7 ) arranged water jacket ( 9 ), one of the water jacket ( 9 ) surrounded combustion gas to water jacket heat exchanger ( 11 ), an interior of the motor vehicle ( 3 ) associated water jacket indoor air heat exchanger ( 13 ), a flame tube ( 23 ) for combusting a fuel and thereby generating the combustion gas, a combustion gas fluid path ( 25 ) for guiding the combustion gas along the water jacket combustion gas heat exchanger ( 11 ). A heater according to the preceding claim, wherein the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger ( 13 ) an interior fan ( 19 ) is assigned to generate an indoor airflow. Heater according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flame tube ( 23 ) a burner fan ( 27 ) is assigned to generate a combustion air flow. Heater according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flame tube ( 23 ) a fuel nozzle ( 29 ) and a combustion air nozzle ( 31 ) are connected upstream. Heater according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger ( 13 ) and the combustion air-water jacket heat exchanger ( 11 ) by means of vacuum diffusion capillary heat transport tubes ( 33 ) are thermally associated with each other. Method for heating an interior of a motor vehicle ( 3 ) by means of a heater ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, with transporting combustion heat into the interior of the motor vehicle ( 3 ) during a parking of the motor vehicle ( 3 ) by means of the indoor air flow over the combustion gas to water jacket heat exchanger ( 11 ) and the water jacket indoor air heat exchanger ( 13 ). Method according to the preceding claim, with transporting combustion heat into the interior of the motor vehicle ( 3 ) during driving of the motor vehicle ( 3 ) with an activated internal combustion engine by energizing the water jacket ( 9 ) via the coolant supply ( 5 ) and the coolant return ( 7 ) with a warmed by the internal combustion engine cooling medium. Motor vehicle ( 3 ) with a heater ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-5 and / or or designed, constructed and / or arranged for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding two claims.

Images