DE102009052220A1 - Method for the production of a weld seam extending itself in line-forming manner along a guidance line with an extension line, comprises guiding energy beam before the end point along the extension line - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for the production of a weld seam (3) extending itself in line-forming manner along a guidance line (9) with an extension line up to an end point (15) in a joint area by an energy beam (5), comprises guiding the energy beam before the end point along the extension line and guiding the energy beam in an angle to the extension line up to end point, and reducing an effective welding power of the energy beam after the guidance of the energy beam deviating from the extension line and/or after the guidance through the end point. The method for the production of a weld seam (3) extending itself in line-forming manner along a guidance line (9) with an extension line up to an end point (15) in a joint area by an energy beam (5), comprises guiding the energy beam before the end point along the extension line and guiding the energy beam in an angle to the extension line up to end point, reducing an effective welding power of the energy beam after the guidance of the energy beam deviating from the extension line and/or after the guidance through the end point, varying a speed of the energy beam after passing through a branch point (25), varying the effective welding power of the energy beam after guiding the branch point, varying the power of the energy beam after passing through the branch point, reducing the power of the energy beam after passing through the branch point and increasing the welding power, pulsing the energy beam for reducing the effective welding power, superimposing an oscillation during the guidance for reducing the effective welding power, reducing the speed of the energy beam after guiding through the end point up to a value of or near to zero, reducing the speed of the energy beam after guiding through the branch point up to a value of or near to zero and reducing the speed of the energy beam during guiding the closed web to the value of or near to zero. The energy beam is guided on a closed web or parts of web before reaching the end point from the extension line through the end point and back to the extension line. The closed web is guided in a circle or ellipse or in drop-shaped manner. The energy beam deviating from the extension line is guided before guiding though the end point. The energy beam is guided back in the direction of the extension line after guiding through the end point. The energy beam has a laser beam focusing on a focus. The energy beam is guided during the guidance deviating from the extension line on an opened or closed spiral web. An independent claim is included for a welding device for the production of a weld seam extending itself in line-forming manner along a guidance line with an extension line up to an end point in a joint area by an energy beam.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a line of seam extending along an extension line to an end point by means of an energy beam.

Methods for producing a weld by means of an energy beam are known. It is known to guide the energy beam along the extension line, wherein by means of the energy beam, an amount of energy necessary for producing the weld seam is introduced into a material to be joined. The energy beam may be, for example, a laser beam. From the US Pat. No. 7,091,444 B2 For example, a method for laser beam welding with reduced formations of weld end craters is known. In the method, a laser beam is guided along a segment to be welded to form an end weld, and as the laser beam reaches the weld end, a focus of the laser beam is distanced from a surface to be welded, thereby reducing a weld speed to the weld end and / or or at the weld end a local beam movement occurs laterally beyond the weld.

The object of the invention is to provide an alternative and / or improved method for producing a weld by means of an energy beam, in particular to the effect that at the end of the weld a uniform and even weld pattern is generated.

This object is solved by the independent claims.

The object is achieved in a method for producing a line extending along an extension line to an end point weld by means of an energy beam. Guiding the energy beam to just before the end point along the extension line and guiding the energy beam at an angle to the extension line to the end point are provided. The energy beam can first be directed to the endpoint along the extension line. Shortly before reaching the endpoint, the energy beam can be guided from a branching point so that it passes through the endpoint at the angle to the extension line. As short in the context of the invention, distances in a range between 3 to 10 times a thickness of the weld in the region of the extension line are to be understood. Advantageously, according to the invention, an end point can be produced with a particularly flat, ie less fissured, welding pattern.

In one embodiment of the method, guiding the energy beam is provided deviating from the extension line before passing through the endpoint. Advantageously, the energy beam can initially be guided slightly deviating from the extension line, wherein advantageously by a change in direction of the energy beam it can be passed through the end point. For this purpose, it is conceivable to guide the energy beam, for example, with a continuously constant speed and / or constant amount of energy and merely to change its direction so that initially the energy beam deviates from the extension line and is guided therein through the end point. Advantageously, a particularly good weld seam pattern can thus be generated in the area of the end point.

In a further embodiment of the method, the energy beam is guided back in the direction of the extension line after the energy beam has been guided through the end point. Advantageously, the energy beam can be returned to the extension line after passing through the end point, so that there is an overall closed line and thus a particularly good weld pattern. Upon re-reaching the extension line after passing through the end point, the laser beam can be switched off and the welding process can be terminated. Advantageously, no irregularities occur at the end of the weld due to the switching off of the energy beam.

In a further embodiment of the method, decreasing an efficient welding power of the energy beam after being guided deviating from the extension line and / or after passing through the end point and / or decreasing a power of the energy beam after being guided deviates from the extension line and / or after passing through the end point and / or decreasing a velocity of the energy beam after passing deviating from the extension line and / or after passing through the end point and / or decreasing the effective welding power of the energy beam after passing through the branch point; or decreasing the power of the energy beam after traversing the branch point defocusing the energy beam to reduce the effective welding power and / or pulsing the energy beam to reduce the effective welding power and / or superimposing a vibration d of guiding provided for reducing the effective welding power. The power of the energy beam can be understood as an absolute value of a power that can be transmitted by means of the energy beam. Under the effective welding power of the energy beam can be a pro Surface unit and / or volume unit of a joint to be provided with the seam joint power to be understood, wherein by means of the effective welding power, for example, a measure of an actual melting or heating for producing the weld at the joint area can be derived. A reduction of the effective welding power can be done, for example, by defocusing the energy beam, which thereby emits the same absolute amount of energy, but distributed over a larger area of the joint area, so that less welding takes place. Likewise, this can be done by pulsing or superimposing a vibration during the guidance.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the energy beam has a laser beam, in particular a focused laser beam. By means of the laser beam necessary for producing the weld heat output can be introduced into the joint area. Alternatively and / or additionally, the energy beam may be any energy transport, for example by means of any electromagnetic radiation and / or a particle beam and / or an electric current.

In another embodiment of the method, directing the energy beam on a closed path just before reaching the end point from the extension line through the end point and back to the extension line is provided. Advantageously, the extension line can be left shortly before reaching the end point, wherein advantageously the end point is traversed and then the energy beam can be returned to the extension line. As a result, a further point lying in front of the end point and on the extension line can be virtually bypassed, so that a slightly larger weld seam results around this further point, which advantageously has a particularly good weld seam image, in particular in the region of the end point.

In a further embodiment of the method, guiding the closed web is provided as a circular path and / or as a drop shape. Advantageously, a harmonious course, in particular easy to control course of the closed path can be achieved.

In a further embodiment of the method, a guiding of the energy beam is provided in the guide deviating from the extension line on an opening or closing spiral path. Advantageously, the energy of the energy beam can thereby be distributed more uniformly, resulting in a particularly good weld seam pattern.

In another embodiment, decreasing the power or effective welding power of the energy beam after passing deviating from the extension line and / or passing through the endpoint is continuous to a value of or near zero or decreasing the speed of the energy beam after that Guiding deviating from the extension line and / or after passing through the end point is continuously provided to a value of or near zero. Advantageously, after the deviation from the extension line and / or passing through the end point, the power, the effective welding power and / or the speed can be reduced, so that before the actual switching off of the energy beam, ie the termination of the welding process, a particularly harmonious or high-quality Completion of the weld results.

The object is also achieved in a welding device for producing a line extending along an extension line to an end point extending weld by means of an energy beam, designed and / or designed to perform a method described above. This results in the advantages described above.

Further advantages, features and details will become apparent from the following description in which - where appropriate, with reference to the drawings - at least one embodiment is described in detail. Described and / or illustrated features form the subject of the invention, or independently of the claims, either alone or in any meaningful combination, and in particular may additionally be the subject of one or more separate applications. The same, similar and / or functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals. Show it:

1 a three-dimensional schematic representation of an energy beam along with a weld;

2 a schematic view of in 1 illustrated weld, wherein an extension line of the weld and a guide line along which the energy beam is feasible, are located;

3 a schematic representation of a welding speed of the energy beam during the manufacture of the in the 1 and 2 shown weld; and

4 a schematic representation of a power of the energy beam during the production of the in the 1 and 2 shown weld.

1 and 2 show in plan view a three-dimensional schematic representation of one by means of only the reference numeral 1 indicated welding device producible weld 3 in a joint area 11 between two joining partners, for example two sheets. The device 1 is for making the weld 3 by means of an energy beam 5 furnished, designed and / or constructed. For this purpose, the welding device 1 a non-illustrated device for generating the energy beam 5 and for guiding the energy beam 5 along the guide line 9 on. For simplicity, in 1 in an area above the joint area 11 just a projection 17 ' the extension line 17 as well as those with the projection 17 ' the extension line 17 matching projection 9 ' the leader 9 shown. The arrows 7 give a welding direction along the guide line 9 at.

The guideline 9 leads up to and including an endpoint 15 the weld 3 , The guideline 9 has an extension line 17 on, in one between the joining partners in the joint area 11 clamping surface with a slight curvature lies. Advantageously, the associated path radius from start point to end point in a range between 20 mm and 1000 mm. Preferably, the extension line is linear, said surface being in plane. The joining partners may have a surface with any curvature.

The energy beam 5 is focused and points to a joint area 11 focused focus 13 on. In the field of focus 13 is by means of the energy beam 5 one for making the weld 3 necessary energy in the joint area 11 transferable. Preferably, it can be at the energy beam 5 to act on a laser beam. Alternatively and / or additionally, however, it is conceivable that the energy beam 5 is formed as any energy beam, for example as a particle beam, electron beam, ion beam and / or electric current. For making the weld 3 becomes the joint area 11 locally melted.

2 shows the in 1 shown weld 3 in a schematic projection of the three-dimensional representation of the joining partners together with the arrows 7 and the leader 9 but without the energy beam 5 , As in 2 can be seen, the energy beam 5 or the focus 13 the energy beam 5 along the guide line 9 guided. The guideline 9 leads through the endpoint 15 the weld 3 therethrough. The weld 3 extends along the extension line 17 , in the 2 dashed lines, to the end point 15 , For making the weld 3 becomes the focus 13 the energy beam 5 largely along the extension line 17 but just before reaching the endpoint 15 the leader 9 however, from the extension line 17 deviates and the focus 13 the energy beam 5 circular initially from the extension line 17 away, then to the endpoint 15 to, through the endpoint 15 through and back to the extension line 17 to be led. The focus 13 doing a circular motion on the joint area 11 by. Alternatively and / or additionally, it is conceivable that instead of the circular guiding of the focus 13 the energy beam 5 this on any closed track or parts thereof, for example a teardrop-shaped path through the end point 15 is passed. Furthermore, it is alternatively and / or additionally conceivable to use the focus instead of a closed path 13 before reaching the endpoint 15 on a spiral track, for example, opening or closing so as to guide the focus 13 the energy beam 5 the endpoint 15 at an angle to the extension line 17 passes.

The focus becomes advantageous 13 the energy beam 5 not just to the endpoint 15 along the extension line 17 guided and then turned off. Instead, the focus becomes 13 the energy beam 5 advantageous at an angle to the extension line 17 through the endpoint 15 passed through, the endpoint 15 a particularly good quality of the weld 3 having. According to the presentation of the 2 becomes the focus 13 the energy beam 5 at a right angle to the extension line 17 through the endpoint 15 passed.

3 shows a schematic representation of a possible welding speed of the focus 13 the energy beam 5 during the production of the weld 3 according to the representations of 1 and 2 , The 3 contains a three-dimensional graph, a location of the focus 13 the energy beam 5 on the joint area in an x-direction 19 and in a y-direction 21 are applied. On a z-axis 23 That's the one with the axles 19 and 21 shown location associated welding speed applied. It can be seen that the welding speed until reaching the end point 15 is constant. After passing through or reaching the end point 15 the welding speed is reduced along a ramp, in particular to a value close to zero, preferably to a value of zero. The welding speed can be reached until reaching or passing through the end point 15 also be increased.

4 shows a three-dimensional graph analogous to the representation of 3 , in contrast, on the z-axis 23 a performance of energy beam 5 is applied. In 4 it can be seen that the power of the energy beam 5 after reaching a branch point 25 is reduced along a ramp. The on the z-axis 23 applied power is thus reduced when passing through the closed circular path along the ramp, preferably to a value close to zero, in particular to a value of zero. So it will be until you reach the endpoint 15 , as in 3 can be seen with a constant welding speed reduces the power. After passing the endpoint 15 both speed and power are further reduced. It is understood that other variations of welding performance after the branching point 25 depending on a timing or the position of the focus of the invention. For example, after the point 25 the laser power is brought close to zero and then increased.

Alternatively and / or additionally, it is conceivable to replace the in 4 shown reduction in power an effective welding power of the energy beam 5 For example, by defocusing to provide a superposition of a vibration.

It can be seen that up to the branch point 25 the extension line 17 and the leader 9 have a common course. After passing through the branch point 25 gives way to the leader 9 - According to the train, in particular circular path - from the extension line 17 from.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

3

Weld

5

energy beam

7

arrow

9

leader

11

Joints area

13

focus

15

endpoint

17

extension line

19

X axis

21

y-axis

23

z-axis

25

branching point

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 7091444 B2 [0002]

Claims (10)

Method for producing a line along a guide line ( 9 ) with an extension line ( 17 ) up to an end point extending weld ( 3 ) in a joint area ( 11 ) by means of an energy beam ( 5 ), with: - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) until just before the endpoint ( 15 ) along the extension line ( 17 ), - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) at an angle to the extension line ( 17 ) to the endpoint ( 15 ). Method according to the preceding claim, comprising: - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) on a preferably closed track or parts of such a track just before reaching the end point ( 15 ) from the extension line ( 17 ) away, through the endpoint ( 15 ) and back to the extension line ( 17 ). A method according to the preceding claim, comprising at least one of the following: - guiding the closed path in circles or ellipses, - Guiding the closed web in drop form. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) deviating from the extension line ( 17 ) before passing through the endpoint ( 15 ) through. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) back in the direction of the extension line ( 17 ) after passing through the endpoint ( 15 ) through. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one of the following: - wherein the energy beam ( 5 ) has a laser beam, - wherein the energy beam ( 5 ) one on one focus ( 13 ) has focused laser beam. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: - guiding the energy beam ( 5 ) at the point of the extension line ( 17 ) deviating guidance on an opening or closing spiral path. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one of the following: - reducing an effective welding power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing the energy beam ( 5 ) deviating from the extension line ( 17 ) and / or after passing through the endpoint ( 15 ), - reducing a power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing the energy beam ( 5 ) deviating from the extension line ( 17 ) and / or after passing through the endpoint ( 15 ), - varying a speed of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through a branch point ( 25 ), - varying the effective welding power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ), - reducing the effective welding power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ) Reducing the power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ), - varying the power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ), - reducing the power of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ) and again increasing the welding power, - defocusing the energy beam ( 5 ) for reducing the effective welding power, - pulses of the energy beam ( 5 ) for reducing the effective welding power, - superposing a vibration during the running to reduce the effective welding power. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one of the following: - reducing the speed of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the endpoint ( 15 ) down to a value of or near zero, - reducing the speed of the energy beam ( 5 ) after passing through the branch point ( 25 ) to a value of or near zero, - decreasing the speed during the closed-loop run to the value of or near zero. Welding device ( 1 ) for producing a line along an extension line ( 17 ) to an endpoint ( 15 ) extending weld ( 3 ) by means of an energy beam ( 5 ), designed, constructed and / or constructed for carrying out a method according to any one of the preceding claims.

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