DE102009017359A1 - Flying wing-aircraft, has control flap and driving gear arranged and integrated at outside of wings, where broad side of each wing is inclined in closed position vertically in open air and inclined in horizontal manner - Google Patents

Abstract

The aircraft has a small pilot capsule (a) that is independent of wings (b). A front or rear end of a hinge axis is built or integrated in the wings. Multiple narrow support elements fold and connect the wings to a stable triangular construction. Each wing includes multiple chassis (g) and a nose wheel set, and a control flap (n) and a driving gear (d) are arranged and integrated at an outer side of each wing. A broad side of each wing is inclined in a closed position vertically in open air and inclined in a horizontal manner.

Description

The aircraft consists of two long, narrow, heavily thickened wings (b), which are not queer to the direction of flight, as is usual, but in the longitudinal direction. In addition, there may be one, relatively minute pilot capsule (a) as the third body. Strictly speaking, the plane would not be a pure flying wing in this case. The two wings (b) are connected at one of their longitudinal edges along the entire length by a longitudinal axis extending in the direction of flight (q) hingedly movable together. The pilot capsule (a) (forms the front or rear end of the hinge axis (q), but can also be integrated elsewhere or integrated twice in each wing, the two opposite sides of the wings (b), that is, the insides, are total In this state, the aircraft has the shape of an elongated, narrow, very thick in the lower part, in the upper part of different thin shell.In the lower part of the wings (b) from front to back are the same thickness so that in the closed state, the bottom is a relatively broad and almost flat surface (see 3 ). At the front end of this surface is inclined relatively steeply upwards because the upper part is pulled forward (see 1 ). The upper part of the wing (b) becomes thinner towards the rear and thus the whole upper aircraft when it is closed to the rear narrower; this is important for the lift. At the end, the two outer surfaces of the wings (b) converge in the closed state at the full height to a vertical line. The upper part resembles a vertical, integrated caudal fin.

There are two fundamentally different types of this aircraft, namely with an upper hinge connection of the wings ( 1 to 10 ) or a lower hinge connection ( 11 ). In any case, the two thick long sides must be below.

Everyone the two wings (b) contains one or more Chassis (g) and a retractable nose wheel (h). In addition come the Engines (d) integrated into wings (b), however, protrude laterally at the rear end. The air intake for the engines (d) are located in the front oblique part the wing.

The Nutzlasträume, Treibsofftanks and everything else that is housed in today's standard aircraft in the fuselage is also located in the wings. At the in 1 In the form shown, the pilot capsule (a) is retractable in the longitudinal direction and contains a laterally extendable height control (p). The capsule is not connected with the wings directly but with the hinge axis (q). Instead, one or two pilot capsules could be integrated in the bow of the wings. In addition to the hinge axis, the wings are connected by one or more narrow cross struts (l, m, m2, t), so that the whole forms a stable triangular construction. With these connections, the aircraft is infinitely quickly opened and closed. By appropriate shape and rotatable arrangement, these serve as control surfaces designated struts (l, m, m2, t) at the same time to control and as additional buoyancy surfaces in the open state of the aircraft. Desirable is a technical solution in which the wings can be opened as far as possible. There are different solutions for this: 2 shows a telescope shape, in 9 is shown a folding form which is stabilized and moved by a central telescope (s). This vertical member can be used with appropriate shape and rotatable storage in open flight as a side tax. Another possibility is to use, instead of the telescopic shape, a rigid vertical element (t) on which both halves of the control support surface (m2) are movably fastened and z. B. can be moved and collapsed by high-speed spindle shafts. The vertical element (t) may simultaneously be designed as a side control. In both cases, all these connections must be recessed in the closed inner surfaces of the wings in the closed state.

in the Inside the wings (b) arise long narrow payload spaces the lowest large space (k) being uniformly thick represents long tube. Even the upwards narrower Expected payloads become one more or more form less tubular cavities, because the loading and unloading is the quickest and easiest, if appropriate, full-length containers from the front or pushed back. These can also be fuel tanks for fast fueling or rockets for propulsion at Be high-speed flight.

By the triangular construction and the thick and compact wings becomes a great stability with a relatively low weight reached. This makes it possible, rather than appropriate Equipment of the payload spaces, fazt the whole aircraft length to load comprehensive, capsule-shaped containers. So can into the large payload tube K - optional and without Converting - a passenger or cargo capsule sandwiched become. This does not have to have any stability and only withstand their internal air pressure and make a kind of puffed up Hose that partially stiffened from a plastic coating Fabric exists.

So that the passengers always sit straight a passenger capsule must be rotatably mounted. After inserting into the plane she will be with the supply connections for air, heating and communication by plane. However, it contains no other facilities and no windows and no side doors, only at one end a comprehensive comprehensive large airtight gate and a system of rails or other brackets can be retracted and secured in a kind of lightweight slides. On this are the seats mounted and there is no aisle, no toilet and no other facilities, because the high speed flights are short lived. The seat sled is pulled out in the airport building and then all passengers can simultaneously step out of their rows of seats on either side or in. Due to the low weight of the passenger capsule, which consists almost entirely of the passengers, you can equip the capsule with large parachutes and in the event of an accident during the flight from the Nutzlaströhre (k) expel. The cockpit can also be equipped with a parachute and be blasted off in an accident.

The Main landing gear is in a bulge at the bottom of each one Wing rotatably mounted so that it is at every wing position and is always vertical when closed. It takes not extended, only his cover opened become.

The control is versatile but sometimes difficult. It can probably only be done by means of electronics, since some of the control work differently in the open state than in the closed one. At the rear end, the lower control flaps (o) can only be moved outwards when the flight is closed, but outwards and outwards in open flight (see 5 + 6 ). The rear upper control flaps (s) are in each case only moved outwards. In addition, control flaps can be integrated on the outsides of the lower thick wing part. The rear steering n + o are used for horizontal stabilization similar to the merry-go-rounds on the wings of normal aircraft (see 5 + 7 ), but also as a side tax ( 8th ). In open flight, these two taxes (n + o) also serve as altitude control. The laterally extendable control of the pilot capsule (p) serves exclusively as height control. The struts (l, m, m2) designed as control support surfaces are used as height control in open flight.

The vertical struts (s, t) may be designed as side-control for open flight (see 9 + 10 + 11 ).

functionality

At the start, the opened aircraft begins to roll. As soon as the steering wheel is working and the nose wheels can be retracted, the plane closes, ie the two wings (b) fold together. As a result, the air resistance is significantly reduced so that the machine gets faster speed and thus requires less runway. When the necessary take-off speed is reached, the wings are opened abruptly; This is very fast, because they are forced apart from the air. However, this is only for the bottom opening models ( 1 to 10 ) the case. Except at the start of the closed state, especially in the high-speed flight within the atmosphere is necessary, but even more so when re-diving into the air envelope during space flight. The closed aircraft has significantly less surfaces that heat up. Since the bow is thicker than the rest of the aircraft, heating takes place mainly only on it and in the lower flat part, ie only on thicker parts and thus easier to cool and isolate. When the maximum speed and altitude reached by the engines are achieved, you close the wings and fire the rockets. The space flight steeply upwards begins at a speed and at a height at which the normal space rockets have already consumed most of their fuel in the initial phase of the launch. The long rockets will be extended during the firing process backwards from the Nutzlaströhren, so that the aircraft does not heat up. For continental jumps smaller missiles or corresponding engines will suffice so that the large payload tube (k) is available for the passenger capsule. When used as a space shuttle, however, it will accommodate a large rocket, the payload in other smaller spaces. It is possible that in addition to the engines, smaller missiles are required for take-off on the ground when the large rocket is loaded for extraterrestrial flight.

On the airport is parked to save space only so undulated unfolded that it is safe in storm. It is So much narrower than a conventional one Plane. Loading and unloading is done with special vehicles.

The Passenger or cargo capsules as well as fuel tanks and rockets are inserted directly into the long payload tubes. or ejected.

After docking the special vehicle at the airport building, the passenger capsule rolls through tunnels on rails, belts or other transport systems directly into the terminal areas. The capsule is opened at its end and the slide with the seats pulled out. The passengers all walk out of their rows of seats on both sides at the same time. Then the Büh The seat sled is lifted up so that the passengers can take their luggage out of the room under the seats. After cleaning, the departing passengers stow their luggage, the whole thing is lowered again so that the departing passengers can board again at ground level from both sides along the entire length simultaneously. After closing the capsule, it must be immediately taken to the aircraft and connected to the supply lines so that no oxygen deficiency occurs.

For The landing gives the advantage of being partially constricted the wing you drop the plane a moment can let without increasing the speed. The runway can thereby be flown higher and thus safer and you can use them right from the beginning. As soon as The aircraft is hovering just above the runway the wheels by pulling the wings together down the slope. It takes time and does not need that long landing distance.

Subject of the invention

It is an old problem of flying that aircraft for Takeoff, landing and slower normal flight as large as possible Wings need, but for the high speeds when cruising as less surface and no protruding parts, so no great air resistance should.

object this invention is to unite these two opposites and to build an airplane, on the one hand with engines or propeller drive can fly normally, but at the same time for high-speed flight at high altitudes and flights outside the atmosphere is suitable with rocket propulsion. In addition, that should Loading and unloading or getting in and out of passengers by a radical, completely new way significantly improved and be accelerated. As a side effect, shelves for the planes, long ways and airport buildings saved.

Possible This is through a shell-like collapsible plane that when closed, neither side doors nor windows and also has no protruding parts. It is similar in this Condition an elongated, bullet-like wedge with minimal Air resistance. In the open state, it flies like a normal plane, but with a different shape, greater air resistance and somewhat less favorable flight characteristics than conventional ones Machinery. However, the open flight is normal for this aircraft only the transitional or intermediate phase between landing or Takeoff and a flight of extremely high speed or one Flight outside the atmosphere. This, so to speak, two times Flying wing, which is also referred to as a shellfish flyer could, is for continental leaps and as a space shuttle suitable with the advantage that it after immersion into the atmosphere as a normal plane with normal engines can fly on and no big rockets needed around the To leave the atmosphere. Augrund the shape of the plane in the closed state has heated by the air friction only a relatively small part, which is also very thick and therefore lighter to protect or cool.

simultaneously However, the invention is also for radio-controlled model aircraft suitable for z. B. set up speed records. You will this extended in addition to the normal drive cheap propulsions of fireworks in the insert different tubes and in appropriate height staggered in order to ignite.

State of the art

Of the Term flying wing or flying wing aircraft is not clearly defined and applied inconsistently. In general are used to refer to aircraft that are not fuselage or wings and projecting tail, but only wings or a wing with the tail units being so integrated that they only protrude from the plane the moment they are actuated.

sense and Purpose of the flying wings has been essentially that the air resistance and thus the fuel consumption is reduced and at the same time the speed was increased. at other variants also played military variants Criteria matter.

At the The current state of the art is predominantly a kind Merging of the fuselage and wings into a discus-shaped one roundish structure. Apart from very few exceptions are the Registrations almost exclusively unrealized studies in those It is also hard to imagine that they can be controlled and stabilized and where to place their payload.

There it is in the present invention to a novel combination two flying wings, which in a matter of seconds between two completely different types of aircraft can be changed, what at the moment a number of radical changes Loading and unloading or getting in and out with it could Nothing can be found whose state of the art one as a starting point or precursors for the present invention could.

Known realized examples that a flying wing at least very much Horten II and Northtrop 49 and the well-known Horten II are near American warplane stealth. Strictly speaking, though also no flying wings.

Patent or utility model applications are known DE 4114585 A1 With circular and variable sash profile. Interesting is the version DE 4000344 C2 in which an annular round wing is lined with a second wing surface and the air flows through between them. Very many registrations affect only the wing profiles but not whole flying wings such. B. DE 29511868 U1 ,

Reference signs of the drawings

1 Side view of the closed airplane

2 vertical cross section through the open plane

3 vertical cross section through the closed plane

4 horizontal cross section through the left wing

5 Control for turning in direction of flight axis to the right

6 Use of the rear control flaps as height control

7 Rotation in direction of flight axis when closed

8th Side control in closed state

9 Example of a fold-up rear control floor

10 fixed support element (t) connected to the hinge axis

11 Model with top hinged wings

• a

  extendable upwards Kokpitkapsel

  b

  Outside of the left wing

  c

  Doors for Payload or fuel or propulsion rockets

  d

  engine

  e

  Door for big payload tube (k)

  f

  outer face the rear taxable area (m)

  G

  chassis

  H

  left nose wheel

  outer

  Front side of the front Control aerofoil

  k

  big payload tube for receiving the passenger capsule

  l

  front taxable area with the plane open

  m

  rear taxable area with the plane open

  m2

  foldable telescopic strut

  n

  Control flap rear above

  O

  Control flap rear below

  p

  retractable, rotatable Elevator in the pilot capsule

  q

  longitudinal axis or hinge axis of the aircraft

  r

  lateral, integrated Control flap rear

  s

  telescopic support for folding taxable area (m2)

  t

  rigid middle Support element with rudder

  u

  Outline of the flyer in the front area- (see 2 )

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 4114585 A1 [0025]
• - DE 4000344 C2 [0025]
• - DE 29511868 U1 [0025]

Claims (15)

Flying wing aircraft comprising two long, congruent wings (b) both hingedly connected along one of their longitudinal sides in an axis extending in the direction of flight and which can be opened and closed like a shell; - a small pilot capsule (a) independent of the wings form the front or rear end of the hinge axis (q) or are integrated into the wings, - various narrow support elements (l, m, m2, s, t) which fold up or fold both wings and the two wings into a stable triangular construction connect, - one or more chassis and a Bugradsatz per wing and attached to the outside of the wings or integrated into this control flaps and engines, characterized in that the broad sides of the wing (b) in the closed state vertically ( 3 . 7 . 8th ) in open flight, however, are inclined to horizontal ( 2 . 5 . 6 . 9 ). A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1, characterized That the wings on the opposite Pages are completely flat and in the folded state fit exactly together, leaving a single, wedge-shaped, form compact and closed body. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1, characterized that the wings (b) in their lower part on almost the are evenly thickened throughout and the closed plane therefore on its underside one forms relatively broad, almost flat wing. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1 and 2 characterized in that the wings (b) above the lower thickening upward becoming thinner and becoming thinner in this area also from front to back thinner and thinner be so at the end of the plane if this is closed the two outer surfaces of the two wings too a vertical line together. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that a pilot capsule in connection with the hinge axis (q) in the longitudinal direction d. H. retracted and extended in the direction of flight can be and with a retractable, rotatable height control Is provided. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the aircraft in the closed state no protruding parts has not made as long as the control flaps become. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 3, characterized that the lower thickened part of the wings (b) one almost the full length round round tube (k) and then upwards smaller, similar long payload spaces are available. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 6, characterized that each wing (b) at the rear and on its outer sides Control flaps (n, o, r) contains the but only in the moment protrude from the aircraft. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 1, characterized that the support elements (l, m, m2, s, t) in the open Condition designed as a tax and as small wings and can be mounted according to rotatable and displaceable. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 7 characterized in that the large payload tube (k) except a Einzellbeladung occupying the entire space large Passenger or cargo capsule can accommodate the means in the Nutzlaströhre in accordance with existing devices at one time retracted or extended can be. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 7 to 9, characterized in that the passenger capsule in the Nutzlaströhre (k) is coupled to supply lines and rotatably supported and at one end a whole or at least very large part has its airtight door comprehensive airtight door. Flying wing aircraft according to the claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the passenger capsule a superlight, somewhat flexible tubular body, but only withstand its internal air pressure otherwise no stress must and does not contain any facilities except one Rail or other systems that retract and retract and Attaching a lightweight, sled-shaped structure allows the seats are mounted. A flying wing aircraft according to claims 7-11 characterized in that the passenger capsule directly on a Special vehicle can be extended and after opening be pulled out in the airport building of the seats sled can. A flying wing aircraft according to claims 7-11 characterized in that the seats slide open on all sides is and after its exit from the passenger capsule the passengers inside the airport building all at the same time on both Pages at ground level can go out of their rows of seats. A flying wing aircraft according to claim 11 in that both the passenger capsule and the pilot capsule equipped with parachutes and while of the flight can be ejected or blasted off.