DE102009011676A1 - Processing machine for machining workpiece, has stationary frame, and work piece holder that is automatically moved in relation to frame for receiving work piece to be machined - Google Patents

Abstract

The processing machine (10) has a stationary frame, and a work piece holder that is automatically moved in relation to the frame for receiving a work piece to be machined. A tool holder (64) is provided for receiving a machined tool (62f). A tool magazine has receivers for supporting the tools.

Description

The The invention relates to a processing machine for machining a workpiece, in particular for machining a workpiece or a blank for the production of a dental prosthesis or denture model.

Generic machines have a fixed frame, a tool holder for receiving a tool to be machined and one automated relative to the frame movable workpiece holder for receiving a workpiece being processed. They are used for automated machining of workpieces, for example by means of milling, Drilling or grinding tools. As processing machines for the production Of dental prostheses, they are designed to use from blanks the machining of crowns, inlays, bridges and comparable tooth replacement parts work out. Next you can she too for that be trained to make models of bits or parts thereof, the for the further processing of dental prostheses are needed.

Generic processing machines usually have a tool magazine, in which various tools stored are that for different applications or different stages of processing are provided. The change of the tool is usually done automated, for example by the tool holder to the stationary moved on the frame tool magazine is moved, there before used tool in one for this envisaged recording and another tool from a other recording for the purpose of subsequent processing steps clamped on the tool holder.

It is known to provide tool magazines whose recordings across from the frame are movable, for example, a tool for the purpose the change into one for this intended to move change position.

When disadvantageous to generic processing machines It is considered that, depending on the arrangement of the tool magazine additional space and sometimes comparatively long distances of the tool holder are required to perform a tool change can. In particular, in machining operations in which a frequent tool change is required, extended this the processing time in relevant extent. Disadvantageous to existing ones Machine tools continue to be used to move each shot the tool magazine additional Drive means must be provided. These disadvantages are particularly difficult for machine tools, the for the processing of blanks for the production of dental prostheses are formed, since such machines are comparatively small should be used in dental laboratories and medical practices to be able to.

Task and solution

task The invention is therefore to develop a generic processing machine to the effect that the disadvantages of the prior art with regard to the tool magazine be reduced.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the machine tool a tool magazine with at least one receptacle for storage of at least one Having tool, wherein the tool magazine so positively coupled to the workpiece holder is that while there the machining is always arranged stationary to the workpiece holder.

at a processing machine according to the invention Accordingly, the tool magazine is always during processing with the opposite Frame for the purpose of machining moving workpiece holder moved together. The position of the tool magazine and thus the Recordings of the tool magazine relative to his turn moved workpiece remains unchanged as a result, so that independent from the position of the workpiece in a processing room of the processing machine the routes from the current machining center to the tool magazine are short.

One Another essential advantage of the design according to the invention is that that the automated movability of the workpiece can be used to different Recordings in a transfer position to be able to bring. It is omitted thus the need for a separate drive for the tool magazine provided.

The The invention can be applied to tool holders which are opposite to the Frames are automatically rotatable about an A-axis and / or along an X-axis automatically translatable to the Frame are movable.

at Machine tools in which the tool holder with the in process located workpiece can be pivoted about the A-axis, the tool magazine is always pivoted together with the workpiece being processed. This is considered to be a particularly advantageous solution.

In a further development of the invention the tool magazine a plurality of receptacles for supporting each of a tool, wherein the receptacles are at least partially aligned such that tools mounted thereon have a different orientation. Under a different orientation is understood in this context that the direction of extension of the stored tools and / or their orientation in the different shots differ from each other. In particular, in connection with a tool magazine, which is pivotable together with the tool holder about an A-axis, such a bearing of the tools with divergent orientation of advantage, since on the one hand a large number of tools can be stored and on the other by pivoting the entire tool magazine can be brought about the A-axis different shots in a position in which the tool mounted in them occupies a relatively aligned to the frame transfer orientation. It is particularly advantageous if the tool magazine has at least two receptacles which are designed to receive tools in such a way that the tools are offset relative to one another by 180 ° relative to the A axis.

Especially it is also advantageous if the tool magazine immediately on the workpiece holder is provided. As a workpiece holder is considered that component on which the exchangeable workpiece for the purpose the editing is set. According to this development is the tool magazine accordingly on that component of the processing machine provided, which during machining the workpiece closest is which, however, is not shared with the workpiece.

at a development of the invention, the recordings are designed such that the tools are transverse to their respective main axis of extension inserted into the recordings or can be taken from the recordings. As the main axis of extension The tools will be considered their intended rotation axis. The insertion or removal of the tools transverse to the main axis of extension Above all, this is advantageous because this design allows that the receptacles each have a positive coding, each only the storage of a designated tool in the each recording allowed. For example, the recordings in the direction of the main axis of extension a receiving space for varying Have diameter of the tool in the region of its shank, so that only tools with each trained accordingly Shank can be used. This makes it in a particularly simple way and manually possible, to equip the tool magazine with tools without the danger the onset of a wrong tool arises. In particular, at such a positive Coding an electronic coding and an identification mechanism for the automated electronic identification of a tool omitted.

The Tools are preferably by means of a locking or clamping or Magnetic mechanism fixed in the shots of the tool magazine. This will ensure that in the joint movement of the tools together with the workpiece, the tools not as a result of centrifugal forces or the gravitational pull fall out of the recordings. As a rest, Clamping or magnet mechanism becomes a mechanism for fixing understood the tools that without separately controlled actuators gets along. Particularly advantageous is a latching, clamping or magnetic mechanism with tool magazines, which work together with the workpiece holder change their orientation in space, because there is a danger that these tools with them a movement of the workpiece holder in Frame of editing fall out of their recordings.

at a development of the invention is a second tool magazine intended. This second tool magazine thus exists next to the first, while machining stationary to the workpiece holder moving workpiece magazine. The second tool magazine allows a larger number of tools store and automatically feed the processing operation, in particular also replacement tools that after wear of a previously used tool of the first tool magazine can be used.

The second tool magazine is not common at least during machining of the workpiece with the workpiece holder of the workpiece being processed. It can, for example be provided fixed to the frame of the processing machine.

Especially It is advantageous if the second tool magazine is automated to the workpiece holder can be coupled. In such a design, the second tool magazine occasionally instead of a workpiece to the workpiece holder Coupled so that it together with the first tool magazine is moved. In the coupled state, therefore, there is a defined Relative position between the first and the second tool magazine. In this coupled state then the exchange of tools of the first tool magazine by tools of the second tool magazine and / or vice versa.

Especially It is advantageous if the second tool magazine by means of a Workpiece magazine device is manageable. In such a design, the second tool magazine in the same way as in a workpiece magazine reserved workpieces handled and occasionally coupled to the workpiece holder instead of a workpiece. This design, in which the second tool magazine through the workpiece magazine is handled or stored when not in use in the workpiece magazine, it allows using existing components of the processing machine with a few further adjustments a variety of other tools to store. The second tool magazine is for this purpose, for example with respect to its coupling means designed such that it not only can be coupled to the tool holder, but also in the workpiece magazine recorded and handled by this.

The inventive processing machine preferably has a control unit on which the movements of the workpiece and the tool holder for the editing tool controls. This controller is also designed to in the manner described above, the tool change in terms perform the first and / or the second tool magazine.

Brief description of the drawings

Further Features and advantages of the invention will become apparent the claims also from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which will be explained below with reference to the figures. Showing:

1 a processing machine according to the invention,

1a to 1c Detailed representations of the processing machine of the 1 .

2a to 2f a tool change on the processing machine of 1 and

3 the processing machine of 1 , supplemented by a workpiece magazine, which is also used to hold tools.

Detailed description the embodiments

1 shows a processing machine according to the invention. This processing machine 10 has a processing room 12 in which a workpiece guiding and holding system 30 , furthermore as a tool system 30 is designated, is provided, which in an enlarged view of the 1a evident. The workpiece system 30 serves to move a cylindrical blank 31 which is surrounded by a retaining ring. The blank 31 with the retaining ring is hereinafter referred to as a workpiece 32 designated.

The workpiece 32 is in on a workpiece holder 36 clamped and together with this about an A-axis relative to a workpiece carriage 38 can be swiveled by an electric motor. The workpiece carriage 38 is also in common with the workpiece holder 36 and the workpiece 32 can be moved by an electric motor along an X-axis.

An in 1 illustrated tool guiding and holding system 60 serves to move the milling tool 62f , This tool 62f is in the spindle of a tool holder 64 clamped and can be moved together with this in the direction of a Z-axis vertically and be pivoted about a U-axis and a B-axis.

Due to the described degrees of freedom of the tool holder 64 with the tool 64f and the workpiece holder 36 with the workpiece 32 is a complete three-dimensional processing of the blank 31 possible.

During machining, the tool being edited 62f to exchange for another tool, is on the workpiece holder 36 a tool magazine 40 intended. This tool magazine 40 has a total of eight places 42a to 42h for holding a maximum of eight tools 62b to 62h on. Related to the representation of the 1a There are four shots each 42a . 42b . 42e . 42f respectively. 42c . 42d . 42g . 42h at the top or the bottom of the workpiece holder 36 intended. Of these four shots each 42a to 42h each are two on the front side and two on the back side of the tool holder 36 intended. The pictures 42a to 42h are each designed to receive a tool such that the shank of the tool faces outward and the machining portion of the tool points inwards.

The eight recording places 42a to 42h of the tool magazine 40 are arranged stationary relative to each other. They are still firmly attached to the workpiece holder 36 attached so that they are always in common with the workpiece holder 36 to be moved. Both a translational movement of the workpiece 32 along the X-axis as well as a pivoting of the workpiece 32 Accordingly, the tool magazine also provides for the A-axis 40 carried out. On the one hand, this leads to the tool magazine 40 always near the workpiece 32 remains. However, it also leads to the fact that the tool magazine 40 relative to the tool system 60 be Movable, without the need for special drive systems are required. Instead, the entire tool magazine 40 solely by the movement system, which is primarily the movement of the workpiece 32 serves, relative to the tool system 60 to be moved.

The individual shots 42a to 42h are each for one of the tools 62a to 62h adjusted so that other tools can not be used. This specific adaptation is based on 1b and 1c and the recordings 42e and 42f clarified.

Every tool 62a to 62f has a main ring 63a and a side ring 63b on. The ring diameters are each tool-specific, with each diameter of the main ring 63a as well as each diameter of the side ring 63b only once within a tool kit with tools 62a to 62h is forgiven. Furthermore, when comparing two arbitrary tools of the tools 62a to 62h always given that tool with the larger main ring 63a the smaller side ring 63b having.

The two pictures shown 42e to 42f each have an inner surface portion 43 and an outer surface portion 44 on, these parallel surface sections 43 . 44 are spaced apart and wherein they each have a recess 45 . 46 have for receiving the respective tool. Between the surface sections 43 . 44 is in each case a resiliently deflectable clamping surface 47 provided that secures after insertion of a tool this in the recording.

The pictures shown 42e and 42f are intended for the main ring 63a in the space between the surface sections 43 . 44 and the side ring 63b in the outwardly facing recess 46 take.

The outward facing recess 46 has a width which is adjacent to the respective side ring 63b is adjusted so that only the intended secondary ring 63b or smaller side rings can be included. The maximum deflectability of the clamping surface 47 is specific to the main ring 63a adjusted so that only the intended main ring 63a or smaller main rings can be included. These restrictions mean that only the tool intended for the recording can be accommodated.

The 2a to 2f clarify how the movability of the workpiece 32 is used in the illustrated design to perform a tool change can.

After machining the workpiece 32 with the tool 62f this is moved upwards in the direction of the Z axis and thus from the workpiece 32 spaced. The condition thus achieved is in the 2a shown.

Then this tool becomes 62f in a recording 42f stored. For this purpose, first the workpiece holder 36 together with the tool magazine 40 pivoted about 85 ° about the A-axis. Subsequently, a joint displacement of the carriage takes place 38 , the workpiece holder 36 and the tool magazine 40 in the direction of the x-axis to the right, so that the state of 2 B is reached. In this state is the tool 62f right next to the picture 42f arranged.

The next step is the tool 62f transverse to its axis of rotation by means of a superimposed pivotal movement of the Werkzeugma gazins 40 around the A-axis and the tool around the U-axis in the receptacle 42f inserted and the tool holder 64 then pulled upwards in the direction of the Z-axis so that it moves away from the tool 62f which is now in the recording 42f is held. This will change the state of the 2c achieved in which no tool in the spindle of the tool holder 64 is clamped.

To pick up another tool 62e which is in a picture 42e is held, the immediately adjacent to the recording 42f of the previously deposited tool 62f is arranged, then the tool carriage 38 together with the magazine 40 Continue to move to the right by a few centimeters along the X axis, leaving the tool holder 64 then above the now to be clamped tool 62e is arranged. This condition is in 2d shown.

From this state of the 2d becomes the tool holder 64 again lowered in the direction of the Z-axis, so that the tool now to be clamped 62e in the spindle of the tool holder 64 locks. This locked state is in 2e shown.

Starting from this state of 2e Now again a processing arrangement is made by the tool holder 36 together with the workpiece 32 is pivoted about 90 ° about the A-axis in the clockwise direction and subsequently together with the workpiece 32 in the direction of the X-axis is moved to the left. The 2f shows this state after completing the tool change.

Starting from this state of 2f Can the processing with the changed work be continued.

It can be seen that, due to the arrangement of the tool magazine and its kinematic coupling with the workpiece holder, a tool change is possible solely via the degrees of freedom of the processing machine already provided for machining purposes. Due to the local proximity of the tool magazine 40 to the workpiece 32 In addition, this tool change can be done very quickly.

3 shows a variant of the processing machine 10 , Compared to the simple variant of 1 is this processing machine the 3 around a workpiece magazine 70 complements, in which a variety of workpieces 72 is stored. These workpieces 72 can be automated to the workpiece holder for the purpose of machining 36 be coupled. After successful processing, they can also be automatically returned to the tool magazine 70 be inserted.

In addition to workpieces 72 is in the magazine 70 in addition, also space for tool magazines, in the present example here is a second tool magazine 80 intended. In this supplementary tool magazine 80 it is a tool magazine, which in the same way as the workpieces 72 to the workpiece holder 36 can be coupled. Thus it is possible, instead of a workpiece 72 also this supplementary tool magazine 80 to the workpiece holder 36 coupled, so that by means of the tool holder 64 worn or broken tools in the tool magazine 40 against new tools from the supplementary tool magazine 80 can be exchanged. Subsequently, the supplementary tool magazine 80 then back to the workpiece magazine 70 spent and for further processing again a workpiece 72 on the workpiece holder 36 coupled.

Claims (11)

Processing machine ( 10 ) for machining a workpiece ( 32 . 72 ), in particular for machining a workpiece or a blank ( 31 ) for the production of a tooth replacement part or denture model, comprising - a fixed frame, - a tool holder ( 64 ) for receiving a machining tool ( 64a - 64f ) and - a workpiece holder that can be moved automatically relative to the frame ( 36 ) for receiving a work piece being processed ( 32 . 72 ), characterized by a tool magazine ( 40 ) with at least one recording ( 42a - 42h ) for storing at least one tool ( 64a - 64f ), the tool magazine ( 40 ) in such a way with the workpiece holder ( 36 ) is positively coupled so that it is always stationary during machining to the workpiece holder ( 36 ) is arranged. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder ( 36 ) relative to the frame - about an A-axis (A) is automatically rotatably movable and / or - along an X-axis (X) is automatically translationally movable. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tool magazine several shots ( 42a - 42h ) for storing one tool each ( 62a - 62h ), wherein the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) are at least partially oriented such that tools stored therein ( 62a - 62h ) have a different orientation. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that at least two recordings ( 42a - 42h ) for storing one tool each ( 62a - 62h ) are offset from each other by 180 ° with respect to the A-axis. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool magazine ( 40 ) on the workpiece holder ( 36 ) is provided. Processing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) are designed such that the tools ( 62a - 62h ) transversely to their respective main extension axis in the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) or from the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) can be removed. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) each a form-fitting coding ( 43 ), each having only the inclusion of an intended tool ( 62a - 62h ) in the respective recording. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tools ( 62a - 62h ) by means of a latching, clamping or magnetic mechanism in the recordings ( 42a - 42h ) of the tool magazine ( 40 ) are fixed. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second tool magazine ( 80 ) is provided. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the second tool magazine ( 80 ) automated to the workpiece holder ( 36 ) can be coupled. Processing machine ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second tool magazine ( 80 ) by means of a workpiece magazine device ( 70 ) is manageable.