DE102009004028B4 - Final Drive and Powershift Reverse Gear Lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of a lubricating composition comprising: a) an oil base; b) calcium phenate; c) zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate; andd) at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound, for lubricating final drive and power shuttle (FDPT) transmissions of heavy duty vehicular machinery.

Description

AREA

The present disclosure relates to lubricating compositions, additive packages and methods for lubricating both a transmission and a diesel engine. Diesel engine lubricants must pass a series of tests. Similarly, gear lubricant is required to pass a different set of tests. Surprisingly, the composition of the present invention can be used to generate lubricants for both engine and transmission applications.

BACKGROUND

Modern heavy-duty vehicle machinery, such as earth-moving equipment, is continually being upgraded to meet ever-increasing consumer demands. Significant improvements in transmissions and final drives in heavy-duty vehicle machinery have improved equipment durability and productivity, and new and diverse friction materials are constantly being developed to further enhance performance. Providing the correct lubricants to support these new designs plays an essential role in achieving maximum vehicle life and performance.

In the early 1990's, Caterpillar Corporation introduced a new set of transmission and powertrain fluid requirements, referred to as "Caterpillar TO-4," the June 23, 2005 specification of which is incorporated herein by reference, for use in Caterpillar heavy-duty vehicle engines. All TO-4 oils must meet a number of fluid properties including certain wear, viscometry and friction requirements as set out in the TO-4 specification. Many of the additives used in final drive and power shuttle (FDPT) lubricants are multifunctional and there is often a conflict created between properties. These conflicts inevitably mean that the additives must be carefully selected and coordinated. Accordingly, additive companies have found it difficult to meet TO-4 requirements, much less improve significantly at any of the performance levels. Surprisingly, the fluids of the present invention are able to meet the TO-4 specification and achieve a significant improvement in the FZG scuffing rating. Additionally, the present invention is able to achieve this improvement with a low dosage additive package which reduces additive transportation costs, improves plant throughput and offers an economic benefit to lubricant compounders in terms of lower net cost of additive batching.

SUMMARY

According to the disclosure, the present invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, calcium phenate, zinc dinaphthalene sulfonate and at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound for lubricating final drive and power shuttle (FDPT) transmissions of heavy duty vehicular machinery, particularly as CAT TO-4 compliant fluid compositions.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of an additive package comprising at least one calcium phenate, at least one zinc dinaphthalene sulfonate and at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound to formulate a lubricating composition for use as above.

According to embodiments of the invention, the zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate may consist of mixtures thereof. In other embodiments, it comprises a zinc dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate.

Related to the present invention, the phosphorus-based antiwear agent comprises at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of TO-4 fluids of the present disclosure wherein the composition contains from about 200 to about 800 ppm phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound. Other embodiments of the invention include Ver Use of TO-4 fluids wherein the composition contains about 200 to 400 ppm phosphorous from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of any of the aforementioned lubricating compositions, wherein the lubricating composition is TO-4 compliant with an FZG suffing load stage score of 12.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of the additive package mentioned above, wherein the additive package contains from about 200 to about 800 ppm phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of the additive package mentioned above, wherein the additive package contains about 200 to 400 ppm phosphorous from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.

Another embodiment of the invention includes a use for improving the FZG scuffing protection of a vehicle engine or transmission, comprising the steps of (1) adding one of the fluid compositions suggested above to a vehicle engine or transmission; and (2) operating the vehicle.

Another embodiment of the invention includes the use for lubricating a transmission, the transmission comprising a transmission transmission from the group consisting of an automatic transmission, a manual transmission, an automated manual transmission, a semi-automatic transmission, a double clutch transmission, a continuously variable transmission and a there is a toroidal gear. In some embodiments, the transmission includes a continuous torque converter slipper clutch, a slipping torque converter, a lockup torque converter, a launch clutch, one or more shifting clutches, or an electronically controlled converter clutch.

Another embodiment of the invention includes use of a lubricant composition as described above for testing the lubricating properties of a composition using a test device comprising lubricating the test device with one of the lubricant compositions disclosed above, the test device being selected from the group consisting of: a Brookfield -Viscometer, any Vickers test device, an SAE #2 friction test machine, an electric motor driven Hydra-Matic 4L60-E automatic transmission gearbox, ASTM D 471 or D 676 elastomer compatibility test equipment, NOACK volatility method- machine, any test equipment required for ASTM D 2882, D 5182, D 4172, D3233 and D2782 wear procedures, ASTM foaming procedure equipment, test equipment required for ASTM D 130 copper corrosion test, test equipment, which is specified by the International Harvester Pr ocedure Method BT-9 rust control test, test equipment required for ASTM D 892 foaming test, test equipment required for ASTM D 4998 gear or gear test gear)anti-wear performance test is required, Link M1158 oil/friction machine, L-33-1 tester, L-37 tester, L-42 tester, L-60-1 tester, electric motor driven Strama 4- Square Process Machine, FZG Test Equipment and Parts, SSP-180 Process Machine, ASTM D 5579 High Temperature Cycle Durability Process Test Equipment, Sauer-Danfoss Series 22 or Series 90 Axial Piston Pump, John Deere Synchro-Plus Transmissions -Transmission, SRV Friction Wear Tester, 4-Ball Tester, LFW-1 Tester, Overrunning Clutch Spin Wear Tester (SCOWT) Device, API CJ-4 Engine Tests, CF and CF-2 Engine Tests , L-33 Wet Corrosion Test, High Temperature Cyclic Durability Test (ASTM D 5579), 288 Hour VE Engine Oil Performance Test, L-38 Standard Lubricant Test, Denison P46 Piston Pump Test Bench, Sundstrand Dynamic Corrosion Test Bench, a Block-on-Ring Test device and any test device required to perform a test Analysis under Mercon ^® , Mercon ^® V, Dexron ^® III, Dexron ^® III-H, Caterpillar ^® TO-4, Allison ^® C-4, JASO, GF-4, GF-5, MIL-E, MIL-L and sequences II to VIII.

Other embodiments of the invention include the use of lubricating compositions comprising a base oil, at least one calcium phenate, at least one zinc dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate, at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate, wherein the fluid is TO-4 compliant with an FZG scuffing load rating of 12.

Additional objects and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the following description and/or may be learned through practice of the disclosure. The roles and benefits of The disclosure will be realized and attained by the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and not limiting of the disclosure as claimed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

1. (1) Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten, das heißt aliphatische (z.B. Alkyl oder Alkenyl), alicyclische (z.B. Cycloalkyl, Cycloalkenyl) Substituenten und aromatisch, aliphatisch und alicyclisch substituierte aromatische Substituenten sowie cyclische Substituenten, wobei der Ring durch einen anderen Teil des Moleküls vervollständigt wird (z.B. zwei Substituenten bilden zusammen einen alicyclischen Rest);
2. (2) substituierte Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten, das heißt Substituenten, welche Nicht-Kohlenwasserstoffreste enthalten, welche im Kontext dieser Erfindung nicht den überwiegenden Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten verändern (z.B. Halogen (insbesondere Chlor und Fluor), Hydroxy, Alkoxy, Mercapto, Alkylmercapto, Nitro, Nitroso und Sulfoxy);
3. (3) Heterosubstituenten, das heißt Substituenten, welche, während sie einen überwiegenden Kohlenwasserstoffcharakter aufweisen, im Kontext dieser Erfindung anderes als Kohlenstoff in einem Ring oder einer Kette, welche ansonsten aus Kohlenstoffatomen zusammengesetzt sind, enthalten. Heteroatome schließen Schwefel, Sauerstoff, Stickstoff ein und es werden Substituenten wie Pyridyl, Furyl, Thienyl und Imidazolyl umfasst. Im allgemeinen werden nicht mehr als zwei, zum Beispiel nicht mehr als ein Nicht-Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituent pro jeweils zehn Kohlenstoffatomen in dem Hydrocarbylrest vorhanden sein; wobei typischerweise keine Nicht-Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten in dem Hydrocarbylrest vorhanden sein werden.

As used herein, the term "hydrocarbyl substituent" or "hydrocarbyl group" is used in its ordinary sense, which is known to those skilled in the art. Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom directly attached to the remainder of a molecule and having predominantly hydrocarbon character. Examples of hydrocarbyl radicals include:

1. (1) Hydrocarbon substituents, that is, aliphatic (e.g. alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (e.g. cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents and aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic substituted aromatic substituents as well as cyclic substituents, where the ring is completed by another part of the molecule (e.g. two substituents together form an alicyclic radical);
2. (2) substituted hydrocarbyl substituents, that is, substituents containing non-hydrocarbyl radicals which, in the context of this invention, do not alter the predominant hydrocarbyl substituent (e.g., halogen (especially chlorine and fluorine), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, nitro, nitroso, and sulfoxy) ;
3. (3) Hetero substituents, that is, substituents which, while having predominantly hydrocarbon character, contain other than carbon in a ring or chain otherwise composed of carbon atoms in the context of this invention. Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and substituents such as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl are included. In general, there will be no more than two, for example no more than one, non-hydrocarbon substituent for every ten carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group; typically there will be no non-hydrocarbon substituents on the hydrocarbyl group.

As used herein, unless clearly stated otherwise, the term "weight percent" means the percentage of the listed component is by weight of the total composition.

The terms "oil-soluble" or "dispersible" used herein do not necessarily indicate that the compounds or additives are soluble, dissolvable, miscible, or capable of being suspended in the oil in all proportions. However, they mean that they are soluble or stably dispersible, for example, in oil to an extent sufficient to perform their intended function in the environment in which the oil is used. Furthermore, if desired, the additional incorporation of other additives may also allow for the incorporation of higher levels of a particular additive.

As used herein, the term "CAT TO-4 Compliant" indicates that a fluid is capable of meeting all of the specification requirements of the Caterpillar Inc. TO-4 Transmission And Drivetrain Fluid Requirements Specification dated May 23, 2008. June 2005 to be fulfilled.

Lubricant additives used in the formulation of tractor oils

Oil of lubricating viscosity

Oils of lubricating viscosity (ie, base oils) suitable for use in formulating embodiments herein may be selected from any of synthetic oils, mineral oils, or mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the composition can include a combination of a vegetable oil and a synthetic oil, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 2005/0059562 , published March 17, 2005. Mineral oils include animal oils and vegetable oils (eg, castor oil, lard oil) as well as other mineral lubricating oils such as light petroleum-based oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixture of paraffinic and naphthenic types. Oils derived from coal or shale are also suitable. Also suitable are oils derived from a gas-liquid process.

Accordingly, the base oil employed, which can be used to prepare the compositions as described herein, can be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I through V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines.

metal detergent

Embodiments of the present disclosure include at least two metal detergents: calcium phenate and zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate. Detergents generally comprise a polar head with a long hydrophobic tail, which polar head comprises a metal salt of an acidic organic compound. The salts may contain a substantially stoichiometric amount of the metal, in which case they are normally described as normal or neutral salts, and typically will have a measure of alkalinity or TBN (measured according to ASTM D2896) from about 0 to less than about 150 exhibit. Large amounts of a metal base can be taken up by reacting an excess of a metal compound such as an oxide or hydroxide with an acidic gas such as carbon dioxide. The resulting overbased detergent comprises micelles of neutralized detergent surrounding a core of inorganic metal base (e.g. hydrated carbonates). Such overbased detergents can have a TBN of about 150 or higher, such as about 150 to about 450 or higher.

Detergents which can be used in the present embodiments include oil-soluble neutral and overbased sulfonates, phenates, sulfurized phenates and salicylates of a metal, particularly metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Calcium phenolate is mandatory.

Zinc sulfonates suitable for use in the present invention include aromatic zinc dihydrocarbyl sulfonates such as the prescribed zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate. The zinc dialkylnaphthalenesulfonate has a sulfonate group attached to one ring of the naphthalene nucleus and an alkyl group attached to each ring. Each alkyl group can independently contain from about six to about twelve carbon atoms, but it is preferred that they contain from about eight to twelve carbon atoms. The dialkylnaphthalene sulfonate moiety is attached to the zinc through the sulfonate group. A particularly preferred zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate is zinc dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate, which is commercially available as NA- ^SUL® ZS from King Industries, Inc., or alternatively mixtures of zinc sulfonates and zinc carboxylates in a ratio of zinc sulfonate to zinc carboxylate of from about 1:3 to about 3:1 parts by weight. Such blends are commercially available from King Industries, Inc. under the trade name NA- ^SUL® ZS-HT.

Phosphorus-based anti-wear agent

The lubricant composition or additive package for use in accordance with the present invention contains a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound, namely at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound, as a phosphorus-based antiwear agent. The zinc salts of dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate metal salts are commonly used in lubricating oil.

Dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate metal salts can be prepared according to known techniques by first forming a dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphoric acid (DDPA), typically by reacting one or more alcohols or a phenol with P ₂ S ₅ , and then neutralizing the DDPA formed with a metal compound. For example, a dithiophosphoric acid can be made by reacting mixtures of primary and secondary alcohols. Alternatively, multiple dithiophosphoric acids can be prepared wherein the hydrocarbyl groups on one are of entirely secondary character and the hydrocarbyl groups on the others are of entirely primary character. Any basic or neutral metal compound can be used to prepare the metal salt, but the oxides, hydroxides and carbonates are most commonly used. Commercial additives often contain excess metal due to the use of excess of the basic metal compound in the neutralization reaction.

wobei R und R' gleiche oder unterschiedliche Hydrocarbylreste sein können, die 1 bis 18, zum Beispiel 2 bis 12, Kohlenstoffatome enthalten und Reste wie Alkyl, Alkenyl, Aryl, Arylalkyl, Alkaryl und cycloaliphatische Reste einschließen. Reste R und R' können Alkylreste mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen sein. So können die Reste zum Beispiel Ethyl, n-Propyl, i-Propyl, n-Butyl, i-Butyl, sec-Butyl, Amyl, n-Hexyl, i-Hexyl, n-Octyl, Decyl, Dodecyl, Octadecyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, Phenyl, Butylphenyl, Cyclohexyl, Methylcyclopentyl, Propenyl, Butenyl sein. Um Öllöslichkeit zu erhalten, wird die Gesamtzahl der Kohlenstoffatome (d.h. R und R') in der Dithiophosphorsäure im allgemeinen etwa 5 oder höher sein. Das Zinkdihydrocarbyldithiophosphat kann deshalb Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate umfassen.The zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) are oil-soluble salts of dihydrocarbyldithiophosphoric acids and can be represented by the following formula:

wherein R and R' may be the same or different hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 18, for example 2 to 12, carbon atoms and include groups such as alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkaryl and cycloaliphatic groups. R and R' radicals can be alkyl radicals with 2 to 8 carbon atoms. For example, the radicals can be ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, amyl, n-hexyl, i-hexyl, n-octyl, decyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, 2- ethylhexyl, phenyl, butylphenyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclopentyl, propenyl, butenyl. In order to obtain oil solubility, the total number of carbon atoms (ie R and R') in the dithiophosphoric acid will generally be about 5 or higher. The zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate can therefore include zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates.

Additional Components

In addition to the other components described herein, an additive package for use in the present invention may comprise, for example, one or more of: ashless dispersant, rust inhibitor, antifoam, antioxidant and diluent oil. Other optional components may include viscosity modifiers, copper and lead containing corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers and pour point depressants.

EXAMPLES

This invention is described in more detail by inventive and comparative examples. The invention is not intended to be limited by these examples; rather they will serve to demonstrate the utility of the invention. The test used to distinguish the FDPT lubricant compositions of the present invention from commercially available TO-4 lubricants is the FZG scuffing test method, a wear test which is described in more detail below.

FZG scuffing

The FZG scuffing test method is used to evaluate the scuffing load capacity of CAT TO-4 fluids. The test method is ASTM D5182, incorporated herein by reference, which is a standard method used to evaluate the scuffing load capacity of fluids. The test method evaluates gear tooth surface galling resistance of fluids using "A" profile gears. The system is operated at 1450 rpm through up to 12 progressive load levels in 15-minute intervals. Standard tests are run at a fluid temperature of 90°C. The test procedure begins with a comparatively small preload on the mesh gears and after a test period of 15 minutes the gear teeth are examined for galling. If the gear teeth are determined to have a predetermined amount of galling, the test is considered a failure at that load level and the test is terminated at that point. If the gear teeth do not exhibit the predetermined level of galling, an additional load is placed on the mesh gear teeth and the test is allowed to run for an additional 15 minutes. This operation continues until it is determined that one of the gear teeth has failed at a particular load level, or load level 12 is reached with no failure. There are no load levels above load level 12, so the test is aborted after load level 12 assuming a fluid has acceptable performance. In addition to a visual assessment of gear tooth condition, gear weight loss is measured.

For a fluid to meet CAT TO-4 requirements, performance in the ASTM D5182 FZG scuffing test must meet the minimum required for performance standards as follows: SAE viscosity range Minimum of completed load levels 10W 8th 30W 8th 40W 10 50W 10

Inventive and Comparative Examples:

FDPT fluid used according to the invention

2.7% by weight of an overbased metal phenate and 0.3% by weight of a metal dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate are combined with 1.55% by weight of a core pack containing a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant, an antioxidant and process oil. This mixture is maintained at or below 85°C and a phosphorus-containing antiwear compound, 1.1% by weight, is added, followed by 0.75% by weight of an ashless dispersant. The additive blend is mixed for approximately two hours followed by the addition of a base oil to give a total treat rate of 6.4% by weight.

Comparative FDPT Fluid 1

2.7% by weight of an overbased metal phenate and 0.3% by weight of an overbased metal sulfonate are combined with 1.55% by weight of a core package containing a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant, an antioxidant and process oil. This mixture is maintained at or below 85°C and a phosphorus-containing antiwear compound, 1.1% by weight, is added, followed by 0.75% by weight of an ashless dispersant. The additive blend is mixed for approximately two hours followed by the addition of a base oil to give a total treat rate of 6.4% by weight.

Comparative FDPT Fluid 2

Comparative FDPT Fluid 2 was obtained by purchasing a commercially available CAT TO-4 compliant fluid. TABLE 1 FDPT related according to the invention Comparative FDPT 1 (Afton fluid without sulfonate) Comparative FDPT 2 (Commercial Fluid) Overbased metal sulfonate 0.0 0.3 N / A Overbased Metal Phenate 2.7 2.7 N / A metal dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate 0.3 0.0 N / A ZDDP 1.1 1.1 N / A core pack 1.55 1.55 N / A treatment rate 6.4 6.4 N / A Oil Base Blend rest rest N / A FDPT tests CAT TO-4 compliant Y N Y FZG scuffing stage 12 12 8th

Explanation of Test Results of Inventive and Comparative Examples

The present invention is the use of a unique combination of additives as a high performance gear oil, namely to lubricate final drive and power shuttle (FDPT) transmissions of heavy duty vehicular machinery. This combination provides high coefficients of friction, excellent oxidation stability, corrosion protection and a high level of anti-wear performance. As shown in Table 1 provided, the composition of the present invention is CAT TO-4 compliant while also providing an exceptional FZG scuffing rating of 12. Comparative FDPT 1 fluid is not CAT TO-4 compliant because it is unable to provide an adequate level of static and dynamic friction as required for CAT TO-4. Without being bound by any particular theory, it is believed that the absence of zinc sulfonate causes the FDPT 1 fluid to be insufficient in the necessary frictional performance to meet the CAT TO-4 specification. The comparison FDPT 2 fluid is a commercially available CAT TO-4 fluid. Although the FDPT 2 fluid is CAT TO-4 compliant, it performs substantially inferior to the fluid of the present invention in terms of wear and corrosion/oxidation performance, as shown by the lower FZG scuffing load rating of FIG.

Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. As used throughout the specification and claims, "a" and/or "an" and/or "an" may refer to one or more than one. Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers used in the specification and claims expressing amounts of ingredients, properties such as molecular weight, percent, weight percent, ratio, reaction conditions, and so on, are to be considered modified in all cases by the term "about". will. Accordingly, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and claims are approximations, which may vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention, unless specified to the contrary. Although the numerical ranges and parameters demonstrating the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are given as accurately as possible. However, any numerical value inherently contains certain errors which necessarily result from the standard deviation found in their respective test measurements. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only.

Claims (7)

Use of a lubricating composition comprising: a) an oil base; b) calcium phenate; c) zinc dialkylnaphthalene sulfonate; and d) at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound, for lubricating final drive and power shuttle (FDPT) transmissions of heavy duty vehicular machinery. Use of an additive package comprising: a) at least one calcium phenate; b) at least one zinc dialkylnaphthalene sulfonate; and c) at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound to provide a lubricating composition for use according to claim 1 to formulate. use after claim 1 to achieve a TO-4 compliant FZG scuffing load rating of 12. use after claim 1 to improve the FZG scuffing protection of a vehicle engine or transmission. use after claim 1 wherein the transmission comprises a transmission transmission from the group consisting of an automatic transmission, a manual transmission, an automated manual transmission, a semi-automatic transmission, a double clutch transmission, a continuously variable transmission and a toroidal transmission. use after claim 5 , wherein the transmission comprises a continuous torque converter slipper clutch, a slipping torque converter, a torque converter with lockup, a Starting clutch, includes one or more clutches or an electronically controlled converter clutch. Use of a lubricating composition claim 1 for testing the lubricating properties of the composition using a tester comprising lubricating the tester, wherein the tester is selected from the group consisting of: a Brookfield viscometer, any Vickers tester, an SAE No. 2 friction test machine, an electric motor driven Hydra-Matic 4L60-E automatic transmission, ASTM D 471 or D 676 elastomer compatibility test equipment, NOACK volatility test machine, any test equipment required for ASTM D 2882, D 5182, D 4172, D3233 and D2782 wear procedures, ASTM foaming procedure equipment, test equipment required for the ASTM D 130 copper corrosion test, test equipment specified by the International Harvester Procedure Method BT-9 rust control test, test equipment required for the ASTM D 892 Foaming Test Required, Test Equipment Required for ASTM D 4998 Gear Antiwear Performance Test, link M1158 Oil/Friction Machine, L-33-1 Tester, L-37 Tester, L-42 Tester, L-60-1 Tester, Electric Motor Driven Strama 4 Square Process Machine, FZG Tester and parts, SSP-180 procedure machine, ASTM D 5579 high temperature cycle durability procedure tester, Sauer-Danfoss Series 22 or Series 90 axial piston pump, John Deere Synchro-Plus transmission, an SRV fretting tester , a 4-ball tester, a LFW-1 tester, a one-way clutch spin wear tester (SCOWT) tester, API CJ-4 engine tests, CF and CF-2 engine tests, L-33 wet corrosion test, High Temperature Cycle Durability Test (ASTM D 5579), 288 Hour VE Motor Oil Performance Test, L-38 Standard Lubricant Test, Denison P46 Piston Pump Test Bench, Sundstrand Dynamic Corrosion Test Bench, a Block on Ring Tester and any test equipment required to perform a test analysis under Mercon ^@ , Mercon ^® V, Dexron ^® III, Dexron ^® III-H, Caterpillar ^® TO-4, Allison ^® C-4, JASO, GF-4, GF-5, MIL-E, MIL-L and Sequences II through VIII.