DE102008061512A1 - Method for controlling hybrid drive of vehicle, involves operating hybrid drive, which has internal combustion engine and electric motor in braking mode as generator and stores electrical energy in energy storage - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves operating a hybrid drive, which has an internal combustion engine and an electric motor in the braking mode as a generator and stores electrical energy in an energy storage and is used for the vehicle drive in the drive operation. The functions of the internal combustion engine are controlled and the electric motor is carried out depending on a detected traffic condition or by map information.

Description

The The invention relates to a method for controlling a hybrid drive of a vehicle according to the preamble of the claim 1.

In the published patent application DE 10 2006 045 824 A1 is a method for boost behavior (10-20% faster acceleration) of a hybrid vehicle described by a present operating situation.

In the published patent application DE 10 2007 033 720 A1 For example, a method for improving fuel economy by estimating states of the drive motors (temperature, current, voltage) is described.

In the published patent application DE 198 07 291 A1 is a determination of predetermined operating modes of a hybrid drive through the respective traffic environment (city, highway, traffic jams, etc.) and a timely drive change and driving recommendation for starting an electric petrol station described.

In the published patent application DE 101 49 905 B4 is described a control system for a hybrid electric vehicle, which anticipates the power demand from speed and accelerator pedal position.

In the published patent application DE 10 2007 016 109 A1 For example, a method for estimating the system performance at two power sources (hybrid) in consideration of the driver power command is described.

in the The state of the art is supported by additional information (Driver requirement, traffic environment, assessments of the Drive, operating situation) on the configuration of the hybrid drive and the "mix" and selection between z. B. Gasoline engine and electric drive influenced.

The publication DE 100 51 777 A1 describes the patterns occurring in expressway traffic and their dynamic autonomous vehicle traffic forecast based on temporal-spatial hydrograph patterns.

The publication DE 100 57 796 A1 describes a vehicle-specific traffic condition forecast using communication between the vehicles with each other without a more advanced infrastructure such. B. a computer center. Currently detected traffic condition parameters are used for the best possible prognosis.

The publication DE 10 2004 041 851 A1 , the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference, discloses onboard detection of objects around a vehicle in its own lane and on adjacent lanes for subsequent prediction of traffic parameters for each individual lane so as not to leave the choice of the correct lane to the intuition of the driver to have to.

The Laid-open publication 199 44 075 C2, whose contents are also by Reference herein is described offboard monitoring the traffic condition in a traffic network with bottlenecks. After that is it known for the qualitative description of the traffic condition, to divide this into different phases, eg. For example, in a "free circulation" phase, in which faster vehicles can easily overtake, a phase "synchronized traffic" in which there are hardly any opportunities for overtaking, however still a high traffic prevails, and a phase "itself moving wide traffic jam ", in which the vehicles are almost stationary and also the traffic strength drops to very low values.

BS Kerner, "The Physics of Traffic", Springer, Berlin, 2004 , draws up a three-phase theory of traffic that allows us to identify, classify, and predict the possible traffic patterns at effective bottlenecks. Also based on this theory is a method called ASDA / PHOTO for the detection and prediction of traffic conditions, which can be used for traffic forecasts on highways, dynamic dynamics analysis and tracking of synchronized traffic.

BS Kerner, SL Klenov, A. Killer, "Criterion for traffic phases in a single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory" . J. Phys. A: Math Gen 39, p. 2001-2020 (2006) , and BS Kerner, SL Klenov, A. Killer, H. Rehborn, "Microscopic features of moving traffic jams", Physical Review E 73, 046107 (2006) , propose a microscopic criterion for determining the traffic phases in dense traffic and examine it on the basis of empirical measurement data.

The publication DE 100 05 581 B4 discloses a method for controlling a hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and a regenerative system for converting kinetic energy, storage, and output of the converted energy, wherein an achievable range of geographic points is predicted using stored map data based on the current position , which can reach the vehicle in a predetermined period of time, the probability is calculated, with which the vehicle reaches each of these points at a time from which reach range and the probability of a distribution of geographical heights at which the vehicle will be located, which determines the relationship between the internal combustion engine and the regenerative system.

The publication DE 10 2006 022 547 A1 describes a motor vehicle with hybrid drive and navigation as follows: A motor vehicle has a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor and a navigation system. In order to operate the motor vehicle more economically, height information of the navigation system for controlling the hybrid drive can be used.

In addition, from the application DE 10 2008 003 039.2 a traffic condition determination method in a vehicle is known, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

From the registration DE 10 2008 057 384.1 For example, a method for controlling hybrid propulsion through traffic information in a vehicle is known, the content of which is also incorporated herein by reference.

Of the Invention is based on the object, an improved method to indicate the control of a hybrid drive of a vehicle.

The The object is achieved by the in the claim 1 specified characteristics solved.

advantageous Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

At the inventive method for controlling a Hybrid drive of a vehicle, wherein the hybrid drive at least an internal combustion engine and an electric motor comprising is operated in braking mode as a generator and electrical energy stored in an energy storage and in the drive mode for the vehicle drive is used, functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor controlled by a control unit. According to the invention Control of the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor depending on a detected traffic situation and / or executed by card information.

hereby becomes an energy-efficient control of a simple means Hybrid drive allows in the detection of a Traffic situation directly in a single vehicle considered and / or the map information of a digital road map a navigation system can be used as a basis.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

there demonstrate:

1 the possible traffic situations on expressways and the respective preferred drive, and

2 the possible traffic situations in the city and the respective preferred drive.

each other corresponding parts are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

At the Are methods for controlling a hybrid drive of a vehicle Provided in the vehicle means for recording the traffic situation. These means can, for example, be a locating unit, Information of a driver assistance system, eg. B. a distance control, a digital road map, a communication unit and / or a receiver for RDS / TMC messages include.

additionally are in the vehicle digital map information, preferably one digital road map of a navigation system, available. By means of this map information can predictions about on a route and for the control of the hybrid drive essential map information, in particular data from gradient and downgrades as well as junctions.

By means of at least one or more of these means for detecting the traffic situation, a conventional traffic condition detection is realized in the vehicle, as in the application DE 10 2008 003 039.2 is described, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This traffic condition detection is used for decision support in a controller of the hybrid drive.

Alternatively or additionally, by means of at least one of these means for detecting the traffic situation, a conventional detection of a queue and its length prediction in-town after DE 199 44 075 A1 the contents of which are also incorporated herein by reference, the duration of the electrical operation being assessable up to an intersection.

Of Further, by means of additional or alternative Means of recording the traffic situation RDS / TMC messages from Radio stations are used to detect the traffic situation.

The communication unit can be equipped with devices for automatic traffic monitoring and / or with stationary devices for automatic traffic congestion and / or communicate with other vehicles to capture the traffic situation.

The described means for detecting the traffic situation separate, parallel but independent cooperative and / or complementary.

The Results of the detection of the traffic situation can in Vehicle self-utilization and / or to a traffic infrastructure facility such z. As a traffic control center or other vehicles become.

The Use of the results of traffic detection in the Vehicle itself is carried out in a control unit, which the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor depending on a detected traffic situation controls.

In the control of the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, a distinction is made in the control unit between at least two operating states, the boost mode B _B , a strong acceleration by means of internal combustion engine and electric motor together, and a recuperation B _L , a power generation in braking mode, wherein the electric motor as a generator is operated and stores electrical energy in an energy storage.

1 shows the possible detected traffic situations on freeways and the respective preferred drive.

In one possible embodiment of the invention, the results of the recognition of the traffic situation are used in order to avoid strong speed increases when leaving a detected traffic situation, in particular a detected traffic phase "moving, wide traffic jam". three or "synchronized traffic" 2 to determine and carry out the boost operation B _B.

Alternatively, the results of the detection of the traffic situation can be used to avoid a sharp drop in speed in the transition between detected traffic situations, eg. B. from the "free traffic" 1 to "synchronized traffic" 2 or "moving wide traffic jam" three and the transition from "synchronized traffic" 2 to the "moving wide traffic jam" three to determine and recuperation B _L perform.

Furthermore, the conventional traffic condition detection in the vehicle can be used to decide on a connection / disconnection of the electric drive. For example, in a "moving wide traffic jam" three more often than "synchronized traffic" 2 driven by electric drive.

Also, a drive recommendation for a combined speed-time criterion can be specified, ie a connection of the electric drive takes place on a highway only if a threshold of z. B. 20 km / h for at least 10 seconds. Also, the electric drive is in a "moving wide traffic jam" three switched on or switched on. Especially within the "moving wide traffic jam" three Standstill conditions alternate with short start-up and braking, which are favorable for electric operation and at the same time unfavorable for the internal combustion engine.

The respective detected traffic situation and a resulting determined traffic phase after registration DE 10 2008 003 039.2 are displayed as a recommendation in the following way:
In the recognized "free traffic" 1 a high engine power is delivered by the internal combustion engine.

In recognized "synchronized traffic" 2 the drive of the vehicle is preferably carried out by the internal combustion engine. When accelerating to free traffic is a boost operation B _{B of} the electric motor to support the engine, such. B. in the DE 10 2006 045 824 A1 described.

At the recognized transition from "synchronized traffic" 2 to the "moving wide traffic jam" three There is a changeover to electric operation, ie the electric drive is switched on and the internal combustion engine is switched off.

In the "moving wide traffic jam" three The drive of the vehicle is preferably carried out by the electric motor, since only a small drive power is needed.

When accelerating out of the "moving wide traffic jam" three out to "free traffic" 1 or to "synchronized traffic" 2 is carried out a boost operation B _{B of} the electric motor to support the internal combustion engine.

2 shows the possible traffic situations in the city and the respective preferred drive.

The knowledge of an urban queue, also called "congestion in town" 4 referred to as detected traffic situation, z. B. before crossing according to a method such as DE 199 40 957 C2 , is used to drive in areas of these queues with electric drive only. From the cross tion position is concluded at the end of the queue and an internal combustion engine drive with possible boost operation B _B provided accordingly. The length of this queue determines how and duration to switch to electrical operation.

A navigation system can statically predict the expected operating states on a selected route, ie the boost mode B _B and the recuperation B _L , or also extract them from the digital road map of the navigation system in the short-term preview area.

These static prediction is by dynamic information of the respective recognized traffic situation. A static only Evaluation of slopes and gradients assumes that Existence of a free route for the respective vehicle. However, if due to traffic congestion, z. B. so-called "elephant race" of Truck (ie the mutual overtaking of trucks with one only slight speed difference between the involved Truck and a resulting long overtaking path and a long overtime), this free route is not given is, the static propulsion recommendation needs these traffic obstructions Note, not to completely wrong drive recommendation to give, for. B. Boost operation at the end of a slope at just present Traffic jam, recuperation on a slope with vehicle standstill.

The static altitude information from the digital road map of the navigation system will be with the dynamic information combined with the current and future traffic situation, to the drive recommendation in the control unit of the vehicle improve.

For example, if there is a "synchronized traffic" in the access area of gradients 2 or "moving wide traffic jam" three is present, which prevents accelerated retraction, z. B. depending on the length of the slope distance a previous boost mode B _{B are} recommended as a free route.

On a downgrade, for example, not only the battery can be recuperated when there are jammed traffic conditions on a downgrade. Depending on a position and an extent of traffic congestion, it is also necessary to recommend a standstill boost mode B _B on a downgrade.

Also from the digital road map of the navigation system are node information, ie information about intersections known. Intersections influence the drive recommendation, especially in urban areas. The more nodes are present on a selected route, the more often a boost operation B _{B is} necessary and likely.

With a knowledge of intersections with a turn recommendation from the selected route of the navigation system and in particular when a turn signal of the vehicle is actuated, it can be assumed that a boost operation B _B takes place after the turn.

The operation of the turn signal and simultaneous and / or subsequent start of the vehicle triggers a boost operation B _B.

The state of charge of the battery affects the route selection of the navigation system. When the battery is discharged, for example, only a limited boost operation B _{B is} possible. A route with a smaller number of nodes with bends from the navigation system is proposed. When the battery is charged, an unrestricted boost operation B _{B is} possible. It may be proposed a route with a larger number of nodes with bends from the navigation system.

A Such favorable for the electric drive route in the route selection in the navigation system as "cheap Hybrid route "recommended and visually specially marked. The driver is z. B. offered a route choice, the maximum possible period of an electric drive allows.

at in the navigation system present route, the control unit can predictive drive management and the driver a recalculation recommend the route if an unfavorable drive control is to be expected.

The described means of recording the traffic situation and the Map information can be separate, in parallel, but independently, cooperatively and / or each other be applied in addition.

In a non-illustrated embodiment of the procedure becomes such a traffic-dependent and / or card information-dependent switching on and off or dimensioning the electric drive to the driver in a manner z. B. on the display of the navigation system and / or a separate Display shows that the relationship between current traffic conditions and drive type is displayed.

Also an imminent change of the drive strategy due to information about the traffic situation and / or map information can the driver z. B. on the display of the navigation system and / or a separate display to be shown.

In In an advantageous embodiment, the control takes place the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor in dependence of a detected in advance traffic situation and / or map information predictive.

In a further advantageous embodiment is a Optimization function for the operation of internal combustion engine and electric motor given, as an optimization criterion a Increasing the overall efficiency is given.

1

free traffic

2

synchronized traffic

3

yourself moving wide traffic jam

4

traffic jam in town

B _B

boost mode

B _L

recuperation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102006045824 A1 [0002, 0044]
• - DE 102007033720 A1 [0003]
• - DE 19807291 A1 [0004]
• - DE 10149905 B4 [0005]
• - DE 102007016109 A1 [0006]
• - DE 10051777 A1 [0008]
• DE 10057796 A1 [0009]
• DE 102004041851 A1 [0010]
• - DE 10005581 B4 [0014]
• - DE 102006022547 A1 [0015]
• - DE 102008003039 [0016, 0030, 0043]
• - DE 102008057384 [0017]
• DE 19944075 A1 [0031]
• - DE 19940957 C2 [0049]

Cited non-patent literature

• - BS Kerner, "The Physics of Traffic", Springer, Berlin, 2004 [0012]
• - K. Kerner, SL Klenov, A. Killer, "Criterion for traffic phases in single vehicle data and empirical test of a microscopic three-phase traffic theory" [0013]
• - J. Phys. A: Math Gen 39, p. 2001-2020 (2006) [0013]
• - BS Kerner, SL Klenov, A. Killer, H. Rehborn, "Microscopic features of moving traffic jams", Physical Review E 73, 046107 (2006) [0013]

Claims (6)

A method for controlling a hybrid drive of a vehicle, wherein the hybrid drive comprises at least one internal combustion engine and an electric motor which is operated as a generator in braking mode and stores electrical energy in an energy storage and is used in the drive operation for the vehicle drive, wherein functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor means be controlled by a control unit, characterized in that the control of the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor in dependence on a detected traffic situation and / or map information is executed. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that as map information, the data of a digital road map a navigation system, in particular altitude data, such as Data of inclines and descents and junctions, be used. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that a traffic situation dependent and / or a by the terrain situation dependent change of the drive type the driver is displayed in a way that is related between current traffic situation and / or map information and drive type optically. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an imminent change of the drive due to transmitted, identified and / or determined Information for detecting a traffic situation and / or the map information is displayed to the driver. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an optimization function for the operation of internal combustion engine and electric motor is specified, wherein as an optimization criterion an increase in the overall efficiency is given. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control of the functions of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor depending on a detected in advance Traffic situation and / or map information predictive he follows.