DE102008048102A1 - Method for use in food industry for milling and mixing mixture for preparing sausage meat for stuffing sausages, involves adding mixture in container which consists of cutting tool standing in contact with mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves adding a mixture (2) in a container (3) which consists of a cutting tool (4) standing in contact with the mixture. The container and the cutting tool are rotated relative to each other. A cooling medium is introduced into the container by a nozzle (8). The nozzle is heated to a set temperature above the freezing point of water. The mixture includes an animal tissue or a plant tissue. The cooling medium includes liquid nitrogen, gaseous nitrogen, dry ice or gaseous carbon dioxide. An independent claim is included for a device for milling and mixing a mixture.

Description

object The present invention is a method and an apparatus for crushing and mixing a mixed material, for example for the production from sausage meat to fill of sausages. Farther is made according sausage and a corresponding sausage proposed. The main field of application of the present invention can be seen in food technology.

In the manufacture of certain foods, and in particular in the production of sausages, so-called cutters are used to chop meat for sausage stuffing and to mix and produce sausage meat. The cutter usually consists of a rotating container, often with up to 1.2 m ³ content. In this container knives are mounted, which rotate at high speed counter to the direction of rotation of the container. This comminution and mixing process creates heat, caused by the friction on the knife. This heat must be dissipated to avoid quality losses of the food and to keep the cold chain. On the market solutions are known in which a nozzle has been mounted in the lid of the container of the cutter. With the help of this nozzle, cold liquid nitrogen is introduced into the headspace of the cutter, that is, above the mix to be crushed. The injection takes place shortly before the cutting tool, the cutter knife, in order to achieve a good distribution of the liquid nitrogen with the mix by swirling the knife.

adversely at this solution is that much of the liquid Nitrogen evaporates before it becomes a sufficient mixture with the mix, the sausage meat, comes and the cold nitrogen gas via a vent in the Lid is sucked off. Thus, only part of the liquid nitrogen contained energy for cooling exploited the mix itself.

at direct introduction of the liquid Nitrogen in the mix it comes very quickly that the Mix at the nozzle freezes. That's sausage meat for hygienic reasons unwanted, continue Over time, a frozen chunk mix builds up on the mix Nozzle open, which can disturb the comminution and mixing process.

Of these, The present invention is based on the object, the known from the prior art disadvantages at least partially improve, and in particular a method and an apparatus for Specify crushing and mixing of a mix for which a effective cooling of the mixed material while preventing freezing of the mixed material can be achieved. Furthermore, a corresponding Sausage meat and a corresponding sausage can be specified.

These Tasks are solved with the characteristics of the independent Claims. The respective dependent claims are directed to advantageous developments.

The inventive method for crushing and mixing a mix, in which the mix in a container is received, which is a standing in contact with the mix cutting tool includes, wherein container and cutting tool are rotated relative to each other draws characterized by having a cooling medium by means of a nozzle in the container introduced and the nozzle heated to a desired temperature above the freezing point of water becomes.

Prefers So the introduction of the cooling medium takes place directly into the mix and not in the headspace above the mix. So the whole cooling medium be introduced directly into the mix. Alternatively, the cooling medium can also be introduced at a small distance above the Mischgutoberfläche, in particular at a distance of less than 10 millimeters. Because of that Nozzle short above the mix surface is formed mechanical loads on the nozzle through avoided the rotation of the mix. Preference is given to a cooling medium which uses a phase transition after addition to the mix, So for example, an evaporation or a sublimation. So can by exploiting the evaporation or sublimation enthalpy a much more effective cooling be achieved. Due to the fact that the phase transition at least for the most part Part in the mix itself takes place is a further increase in effectiveness the cooling reached.

Under relative rotation to one another is a rotation of the container and / or understood of the cutting tool, which differ in different Distinguish rotation frequencies, axes and / or directions. The is called, a relative rotation of the cutting tool to the container can in a rotation of the container with fixed cutting tool, a rotation of the cutting tool with fixed container, a synchronous rotation of different frequency of container and Cutting tool and an opposite rotation of cutting tool and containers consist. The opposite rotation of container and cutting tool is preferred, since here a good efficiency of crushing and mixing of the mixed material can be achieved.

The temperature of the nozzle is preferably absorbed by a corresponding sensor and controlled by this temperature, the heating power during the heating of the nozzle. Characterized in that by means of the heating of the nozzle, the temperature of which is kept above the freezing temperature of water, the freezing of the mix, in particular the sausage meat at the nozzle is effectively prevented. Thus, the corresponding crushing and mixing process can take place undisturbed, cutting tool and container are effectively protected against damage. Furthermore, hygiene regulations can be observed during the processing of food.

• a) tierische Gewebeteile; und
• b) pflanzliche Gewebeteile.

According to an advantageous development of the method according to the invention, the mix comprises at least one of the following materials:

• a) animal tissue parts; and
• b) plant tissue parts.

Especially can the process of making meat or sausage meat, so the comminution of meat mass, possibly with vegetable additives or other additives be used.

According to one advantageous embodiment, the cooling medium is evaporable.

So the enthalpy of evaporation can be used to cool the mix become.

• a) flüssigen Stickstoff;
• b) gasförmigen Stickstoff;
• c) Trockeneis; und
• d) gasförmiges Kohlendioxid.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the cooling medium comprises at least one of the following substances:

• a) liquid nitrogen;
• b) gaseous nitrogen;
• c) dry ice; and
• d) gaseous carbon dioxide.

at Use of dry ice, that is of frozen carbon dioxide, the sublimation enthalpy advantageously becomes in the sublimation of the frozen carbon dioxide to gaseous carbon dioxide exploited. When using liquid Nitrogen becomes advantageously the evaporation enthalpy of nitrogen for cooling of the mix used. In particular, the use of liquid nitrogen is preferred because it is energetically favorable and easy to dose is.

According to one further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention the container rotates in a first rotational direction while the cutting tool in a second direction of rotation, that of the first direction of rotation is opposite, rotates.

hereby can be a very effective and thus fast mixing of the mix and a very effective and thus rapid comminution of the mix be achieved. The container and cutting tool preferably rotate around identical or parallel axes of rotation.

Also possible is an embodiment in which container and cutting tool to Rotate rotation axes that are aligned at an angle to each other are. In this case, an embodiment is preferred in which the axes of rotation standing at right angles to each other. This allows a good mixing of the mix.

• a) der Temperatur des Mischguts;
• b) der Menge an Mischgut;
• c) der Rotationsfrequenz des Schneidwerkzeugs relativ zum Behälter;
• d) der Eingangstemperatur des Mischguts beim Einbringen in den Behälter;
• e) einer Temperatur des Kühlmediums beim Austreten aus dem Behälter;
• f) einer Viskosität des Mischguts; und
• g) die Stromaufnahme eines Motors zum Antrieb des Schneidwerkzeugs.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the amount of cooling medium which is added to the mix is regulated as a function of at least one of the following parameters:

• a) the temperature of the mix;
• b) the amount of mix;
• c) the rotational frequency of the cutting tool relative to the container;
• d) the inlet temperature of the mix when placed in the container;
• e) a temperature of the cooling medium as it exits the container;
• f) a viscosity of the mixture; and
• g) the current consumption of a motor for driving the cutting tool.

Everyone this parameter can be determined directly or indirectly. Under the indirect determination is the measurement of a measured value, from which the parameter can be closed. Each of these Parameter can be monitored continuously or discontinuously become. In this context, a discontinuous monitoring is preferred at predetermined intervals.

The temperature of the mix is preferably monitored at one or more locations of the mix or container. The amount of mix preferably flows when filling the container in the regulation of the cooling medium. The rotational frequency of the cutting tool relative to the container can be monitored continuously or discontinuously and is a measure of the existing friction and thus the resulting heat of the cutting tool relative to the mix. The temperature of the cooling medium, in particular of the vaporized nitrogen, is monitored as it exits the container and can thus also be used to control the amount of cooling medium. The viscosity of the mixed material can be monitored directly or indirectly, for example by monitoring the rotational speed of the cutting tool. The variation of the current consumption of a motor for driving the cutting tool is a measure of the frictional energy, which is introduced as heat in the mix, so that the variation of the power consumption as a control variable for the addition of cooling medium can be used.

The Control of the amount of cooling medium dependent on at least one of these parameters allows a further increase the effectiveness the cooling medium use.

According to one Another aspect of the present invention is a device proposed for crushing and mixing a mix, comprising a container with a cutting tool, wherein container and cutting tool relative to each other are rotatable, and a nozzle for introducing a cooling medium into the mix. According to the invention are heating means designed to heat the nozzle.

Prefers are formed electrical heating means for heating the nozzle.

to Improvement of the insulation of the nozzle and / or to create an enclosed space in which the heating means without is direct contact with the mix can be formed is the nozzle is preferred at least double-walled. It is possible according to the invention that the nozzle is formed three-walled, wherein between a middle wall and the foreign or inner wall, the heating means are formed during the Gap between middle wall and corresponding inner or outer wall the thermal insulation, for example, also supported by a corresponding evacuation, serves.

According to one further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention are the heating means between an inner and an outer wall the nozzle educated.

• a) der Temperatur des Mischguts;
• b) der Menge an Mischgut;
• c) der Rotationsfrequenz des Schneidwerkzeugs relativ zum Behälter;
• d) der Eingangstemperatur des Mischgutes beim Einbringen in den Behälter;
• e) einer Temperatur des Kühlmediums beim Austreten aus dem Behälter;
• f) einer Viskosität des Mischguts;
• g) der Temperatur der Düse.

The heating means are preferably adjustable. The device preferably comprises at least one sensor for detecting at least one of the following variables:

• a) the temperature of the mix;
• b) the amount of mix;
• c) the rotational frequency of the cutting tool relative to the container;
• d) the inlet temperature of the mixed material when introduced into the container;
• e) a temperature of the cooling medium as it exits the container;
• f) a viscosity of the mixture;
• g) the temperature of the nozzle.

Especially the viscosity is directly or indirectly determinable. The specific temperature of the Nozzle can advantageously also for controlling the heating power of the heating means be used. The signals of the sensors a) to g) can individually or in combination with each other as a controlled variable to regulate the zugebenden Amount of cooling medium used become.

Farther the device preferably comprises a control means which is suitable and intended for implementation the method of the invention.

Farther becomes a sausage meat proposed, which has been prepared by the process according to the invention is.

Farther a sausage comprising sausage meat according to the invention is proposed.

The for the inventive method disclosed details and advantages can be transferred to the device according to the invention and apply and vice versa. The invention is based on the following the attached Drawings closer explains without being limited to the details and benefits drawn there. They show schematically:

1 a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for crushing and mixing a mixed material;

2 a detail of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention;

3 A second embodiment of a device according to the invention in a first view; and

4 the second embodiment of a device according to the invention in a second view.

1 schematically shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention 1 for crushing and mixing a mix 2 , The device 1 includes a container 3 for receiving the mix 2 and a cutting tool 4 which is inside the container 3 is trained. The container 3 rotates in a first direction of rotation 5 while the cutting tool 4 in a second direction of rotation 6 rotated, opposite to the first direction of rotation 5 is. The rotation of the cutting tool 4 is by rotation of the corresponding axis of rotation 7 reached. To prevent dirt from entering and heating the mix 2 to prevent the container points 3 a lid 16 on.

The device 1 further includes a nozzle 8th , Through this nozzle 8th is a cooling medium 9 into the mix 2 recoverable. In the present embodiment, the cooling medium comprises 9 liquid nitrogen, the drop-shaped in the mix 2 is introduced. The nozzle 8th is referring to 2 still explained in detail. The nozzle 8th is over a cooling medium supply line 10 with a cooling medium reservoir 11 connectable. About a control means 12 becomes the amount of cooling medium 9 that of the nozzle 8th is supplied, regulated. The control means 12 is also via a line 13 with a detail in 2 shown heating means 14 connected and regulates the electric current with which this heating means 14 is charged. This allows the temperature of the nozzle 8th be regulated accordingly. The control means 12 is also via control lines 15 connected to several sensors. These sensors include, for example, a first temperature sensor not shown in detail 17 for detecting the temperature of the nozzle 8th , a second temperature sensor 18 for recording the temperature of the mixed material 2 , a third temperature sensor 19 for detecting the temperature of the container 3 , a sensor 20 for detecting the rotational frequency of the axis of rotation 7 and / or more sensors not shown here. By means of the data of these sensors is determined by the control means 12 the amount of cooling medium 9 , which the mix 2 is added, regulated.

According to the method according to the invention is thereby the nozzle 8th heated to a target temperature above the freezing point of water and in particular to a target temperature of 1 to 5 ° C and the temperature by the control means 12 regulated accordingly.

Furthermore, the device comprises 1 a discharge 25 for evaporated nitrogen. The temperature of the nitrogen in the exhaust is controlled by a fourth temperature sensor 26 monitored and sent to the controller 12 transfer. The mix 2 includes animal tissue parts and / or plant tissue parts and is in particular sausage meat.

2 schematically shows the nozzle 8th in detail. Through the cooling medium channel 21 becomes liquid nitrogen as cooling medium 9 the mix 2 fed. The nozzle 8th is double-walled with an inner wall 22 and an outer wall 23 executed. The gap 24 between inner wall 22 and outer wall 23 serves to accommodate the electric heating medium 24 , This comprises a heating conductor and / or a thermocouple and leads by ohmic heat to a heating of the nozzle 8th and in particular the inner wall 22 and the outer wall 23 the nozzle 8th , As a result, icing of the nozzle 8th when introducing liquid nitrogen as a cooling medium 9 into the mix 2 effectively prevented. Nevertheless, it can when using a suitable cooling medium 9 a phase transition such as the evaporation of the liquid nitrogen or sublimation of dry ice can be effectively used to cool the mix. The evaporation or sublimation enthalpy is thereby directly in the mix to be cooled 2 released.

3 schematically shows a second embodiment of a device according to the invention 1 , In contrast to the first embodiment are here the first direction of rotation 5 of the container 3 and second rotation direction 6 of the cutting tool 4 and the corresponding axes of rotation perpendicular to each other. 4 shows a plan view of the device according to the invention 1 with container 3 , Cutting tool 4 and exhaustion 25 , Also in the second embodiment, the introduction of the cooling medium takes place 9 directly into the mix 2 ,

The device according to the invention 1 for crushing and mixing a mix 2 as well as the corresponding inventive method thus allow effective cooling of the mix 2 which represents sausage meat, for example, while effectively preventing the freezing of the nozzle 8th for introducing the cooling medium 9 preferably directly into the mix 2 ,

1

contraption for crushing and mixing

2

mix

3

container

4

cutting tool

5

first direction of rotation

6

second direction of rotation

7

axis of rotation

8th

jet

9

cooling medium

10

Coolant supply line

11

Coolant reservoir

12

control means

13

management

14

heating

15

control line

16

cover

17

first temperature sensor

18

second temperature sensor

19

third temperature sensor

20

sensor for determining the rotational frequency

21

Coolant channel

22

inner wall

23

outer wall

24

gap

25

removal

26

fourth temperature sensor

Claims (14)

Method for comminuting and mixing a mixture ( 2 ), in which the mix ( 2 ) in a container ( 3 ), the one with the mix ( 2 ) in contact cutting tool ( 4 ), where containers ( 3 ) and cutting tool ( 4 ) are rotated relative to each other, characterized in that a cooling medium ( 9 ) by means of a Jet ( 8th ) in the container ( 3 ) is introduced and the nozzle ( 8th ) is heated to a desired temperature above the freezing point of water. Process according to Claim 1, in which the mix ( 2 ) comprises at least one of the following materials: a) animal tissue; and b) plant tissue. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the cooling medium ( 9 ) is vaporisable. Method according to Claim 3, in which the cooling medium ( 9 ) comprises at least one of the following substances: (a) liquid nitrogen; b) gaseous nitrogen; c) dry ice; and d) gaseous carbon dioxide. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the amount of cooling medium ( 9 ), which are mixed ( 2 ) is controlled as a function of at least one of the following parameters: a) the temperature of the mixture ( 2 ); b) the amount of mix ( 2 ); c) the rotational frequency of the cutting tool ( 3 ) relative to the container ( 2 ); d) the inlet temperature of the mix ( 2 ) when introduced into the container ( 3 ); e) a temperature of the cooling medium ( 9 ) when exiting the container ( 3 ); f) a viscosity of the mixture ( 2 ); and g) the current consumption of a motor for driving the cutting tool ( 4 ) Contraption ( 1 ) for crushing and mixing a mixture ( 2 ), comprising a container ( 3 ) with a cutting tool ( 4 ), where containers ( 3 ) and cutting tool ( 4 ) are rotatable relative to each other, and a nozzle ( 8th ) for introducing a cooling medium ( 9 ) into the mix ( 2 ), characterized in that heating means ( 14 ) for heating the nozzle ( 8th ) are formed. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 6, in which electrical heating means ( 14 ) for heating the nozzle ( 8th ) are formed. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the nozzle ( 8th ) is double-walled. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 8, wherein the heating means ( 14 ) between an inner ( 22 ) and an outer wall ( 23 ) of the nozzle ( 8th ) are formed. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 to 9, in which the heating means ( 14 ) are controllable. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein at least one sensor ( 17 . 18 . 19 . 20 ) is designed to detect at least one of the following variables: a) the temperature of the mixture ( 2 ); b) the amount of mix ( 2 ); c) the rotational frequency of the cutting tool ( 4 ) relative to the container ( 3 ); d) the inlet temperature of the mix ( 2 ) when introduced into the container ( 3 ); e) a temperature of the cooling medium ( 9 ) when exiting the container ( 3 ); f) a viscosity of the mixture ( 2 ); g) the temperature of the nozzle ( 8th ). Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 to 11, comprising a control means ( 12 ), which is suitable and intended for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 6. Sausage meat, manufactured according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 5 or using a device according to one of claims 6 to 12th Sausage comprising sausage meat according to claim 13.